declaro

to explain, explain, reveal / to proclaim (a person as chosen)

dē-clāro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to make clear, plain, evident (by disclosing, uncovering), to show, manifest, declare, etc., apophainô (class.; most freq. in the trop. sense). For syn. cf.: monstro, demonstro, probo, confirmo, ostendo, ostento, significo, indico, defero; exsisto, appareo, eluceo. —

Lit.

In gen.:

praesentiam saepe divisuam declarant, ut et apud Regillum.... Castor et Pollux ex equis pugnare visi sunt, Cic. N: D. 2, 2, 6: dentibus (cervorum) senecta declaratur,

Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 116:

ducis nave declarata suis,

Nep. Hann. 11, 2.—

In pub. law lang., t. t., to announce any one in public session as elected to an office (esp. that of consul), to declare or proclaim publicly:

ejusdem hominis voce et declaratus consul et defensus,

Cic. Mur. 1, 2 (for which shortly before, L. Murenam consulem renunciavi); cf. id. ib. 2, 3;

so consulem,

id. Agr. 2, 2, 4; id. Rep. 1, 15; Sall. C. 24; id. J. 27, 4; Liv. 24, 9 et saep.:

declaratus rex Numa de templo descendit,

id. 1, 18 fin.; 1, 46:

consulem, praetorem,

id. 9, 40 fin.:

tribunatum militarem,

Sall. J, 63, 4: Suet. Caes. 80:

victorem magnā praeconis voce Cloanthum Declarat,

Verg. A. 5, 245. —

Trop., to make clear to the mind, to manifest, demonstrate, prove, show, explain:

cum tot signis eadem natura declaret quid velit, tamen, etc.,

Cic. Lael. 24.—Constr. with acc., acc. and inf., a relat. clause, or absol.

With acc.:

volatibus avium et cantibus declarari res futuras putant,

Cic. Div. 1, 1, 2; cf. id. ib. 1, 56; id. N. D. 2, 65, 163:

ipsa consolatio litterarum tuarum declarat summam benevolentiam,

id. Fam. 5, 13, 1:

declarant gaudia vultu, * Catull. 64, 34 et saep.: propriam cujusque (generis juris civilis) vim definitione,

Cic. de Or. 1, 42, 190: nullum (verbum) inveniri potest, quod magis idem declaret Latine, quod Graece hêdonê, quam declarat voluptas, id. Fin. 2, 4, 13; cf.

in like manner of the meaning of words,

id. ib. 3, 4, 14; id. Or. 22, 73; id. de Or. 3, 13, 49:

verba ipsa per se declarant intellectum,

Quint. 8, 3, 83:

quae (litera C.) inversa mulierem declarat,

Quint. 1, 7, 28.—

With acc. and inf.:

hominem catum eum esse declaramus,

Plaut. Ps. 2, 3, 16; Lucr. 1, 366; 6, 468:

quod plurimis locis perorationes nostrae voluisse nos atque animo contendisse declarant,

Cic. Or. 62, 210; Quint. 8 prooem. § 15 et saep.—

With a relative clause:

quae cujusque ingenium ut sit declarat maxume,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 3, 43:

ut matres familiae eorum sortibus et vaticinationibus declararent, utrum, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 1, 50, 4:

qui declaravit quanti me faceret,

Cic. Att. 6, 1, 10: cf. Sall. J. 24, 7 et saep.—

Absol.:

ut ratio declarat eorum, qui, etc.,

Lucr. 5, 693:

declarant illae contiones,

Cic. Mil. 5, 12 al.

• I have nothing to declare

* * *

dē-fĕro, tŭli, lātum, ferre, v. a., to bear or bring away a thing from a place; to bear, carry, bring down.

Lit.

In gen.

Without stating the terminus (not very freq.):

roseam Auroram per oras Aetheris,

Lucr. 5, 656; 5, 273; 6, 639:

Rhodanus amnis segnem deferens Ararim,

Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 33; 6, 27, 31, § 136; Ov. M. 9, 117;

ex Helicone coronam,

Lucr. 1, 119:

ramalia arida tecto,

Ov. M. 8, 646. — Absol.:

flumina liquida ac deferentia,

Plin. Pan. 82 med. —Far more freq.,

Indicating the terminus (by ad, in, an adv. of place, the dat., etc.):

literas ad Caesarem,

Caes. B. G. 5, 45, 3:

epistolam ad Ciceronem,

id. ib. 5, 48, 3 and 8; cf.:

mandata ad aliquem,

id. B. C. 1, 9; 3, 22:

aurum ad gnatum suum,

Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 115; cf. id. Truc. 2, 5, 64; Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 18;

natos ad flumina,

Verg. A. 9, 604:

Germani ad castra Romanorum delati,

Caes. B. G. 6, 42 fin. et saep.:

semen quod ex arbore per surculos defertur in terram,

Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 4:

aurum et omnia ornamenta sua in aerarium,

Liv. 5, 25:

aedes in planum et colli subicere,

id. 2, 7: cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 31:

ferrum in pectus,

Tac. A. 1, 35:

castra in viam,

Liv. 22, 15:

aciem in campos,

id. 9, 37:

in praeceps deferri,

id. 5, 47; cf. id. 44, 5; Quint. 1, 12, 10:

praeceps in undas deferar,

Verg. E. 8, 60; Ov. F. 6, 228:

in vicum,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 269 et saep.:

hunc sub aequora,

i. e. submerge, Ov. M. 14, 601:

quasdam (virgines) ex plebe homines domos deferebant,

Liv. 1, 9:

si forte eo (sc. Demetriadem) deferret fuga regem,

id. 36, 20:

quo pennis delata sit ales,

Lucr. 6, 822:

cum pallam mihi Detulisti,

Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 42; so,

epistolas alicui,

id. Trin. 4, 2, 109 et saep.

In partic.

Naut. t. t., to drive away, drive down, drive a ship, or those on board a ship, to any place:

onerariae duae paullo infra delatae sunt,

Caes. B. G. 4, 36 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 30:

una (navis) delata Oricum,

id. ib. 3, 14, 2:

(Labienus) longius delatus aestu, etc.,

id. B. G. 5, 8, 2:

quem cum ex alto ignotas ad terras tempestas et in desertum litus detulisset,

Cic. Rep. 1, 17 fin.; cf. id. Ac. 2, 3, 8.—

Rarely in gen., to bring, convey to any place (as a ship, its passengers):

e portu navis huc nos dormientes detulit,

Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 69.—

Mercant. t. t., to bring to market, to sell (post-Aug.):

nexos maniplos,

Col. 10, 315: pallium. Petr. 12, 2:

videamus hoc, quod concupiscimus, quanti deferatur,

Sen. Ep. 42.

Trop.

In gen., to bring:

redde harmoniaī Nomen, ab organicis alto delatum Heliconi,

brought, Lucr. 3, 133; 5, 65:

(Alexander) eadem fortunae pignora in discrimen detulisset,

Liv. 9, 18 fin.; cf.:

fabulas in certamen,

Quint. 10, 1, 66: hac re ad consilium delata, having been taken into consideration, Caes. B. G. 3, 23 fin.; so,

rem ad consilium,

id. ib. 5, 28, 2:

qui ad agendum nihil cogitati detulerit,

Quint. 4, 5, 2:

(poëta) si foret hoc nostrum delatus in aevum, Detereret sibi multa,

Hor. S. 1, 10, 68. —

With particular accessory notions.

To bring, give to one, grant, confer upon, allot, to offer to any one, transfer, deliver (for syn. v. do—very freq.).

Aliquid ad aliquem:

ad hunc totius belli summam omnium voluntate deferri,

Caes. B. G. 2, 4, 7:

imperium ad aliquem,

id. ib. 6, 2; 7, 4, 6; Cic. Leg. 3, 2; id. Lig. 1, 3:

omnem rem ad Pompeium,

id. Fam. 1, 1; cf.:

omnia ad unum,

id. de Imp. Pomp. 23, 67:

causam ad Galbam,

id. Brut. 22, 86:

primas ad aliquem,

id. N. D. 1, 6, 15 et saep.—

Aliquid alicui:

sibi a Caesare regnum civitatis deferri,

Caes. B. G. 5, 6, 2; Fasti ap. Cic. Phil. 2, 34, 87; cf.:

regnum et diadema uni,

Hor. Od. 2, 2, 22:

fasces indigno,

id. Ep. 1, 16, 34:

praemium dignitatis alicui (opp. denegare),

Cic. Fl. 1:

ultro ei legationem (opp. denegare),

id. Fam. 13, 55; cf. id. ib. 4, 13:

palmam alicujus rei Crasso,

id. de Or. 2, 56; cf. Liv. 7, 13; Quint. 10, 1, 53:

omnem ei auctoritatem,

Cic. Fl. 6, 14:

pacem hostibus,

Liv. 23, 13:

Octaviam neptem condicionem,

Suet. Caes. 27 et saep. —

With acc. alone, or absol.:

jusjurandum,

to tender an oath, Quint. 5, 6, 6; cf. ib. § 3 and § 4;

si quid petet, ultro defer,

Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 23 et saep.—

To bring or give an account of, to report, announce, signify, state (for syn. v. declaro init. —

very freq.): qui nostra consilia ad adversarios deferat,

Cic. Clu. 52; so,

aliquid ad aliquem,

id. Mil. 9 fin.; id. Cat. 3, 3, 7; Caes. B. G. 2, 17, 4; 5, 25, 4 et saep.:

ut (haec) per eos ad Caesarem deferrentur,

id. ib. 7, 17 fin.; so with per, id. B. C. 3, 30, 6; 3, 63, 5 al.:

qui ad Caesarem detulerint delaturive sint, me poenitere consilii mei,

Cic. Att. 11, 7, 5; so with acc. and inf., id. Verr. 2, 5, 62; Verg. A. 4, 299 al.—

Legal t. t.: nomen, and post-Aug., aliquem, to indict, impeach, accuse before the pretor, as plaintiff or informer (for syn. cf.:

denuntio, indico): nomen alicujus de parricidio,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 10, 28:

nomen amici mei de ambitu,

id. Cael. 31, 76; id. Rosc. Am. 23; nomen suo familiari (dat.) eadem de re, id. ib. 23:

nomen tibi,

id. Pis. 33, 82; cf.:

illi nonnihil tamen in deferendo nomine secuti,

id. Rosc. Am. 3, 8:

ad deferendos reos praemio duci,

Quint. 12, 7, 3:

reos ad praetorem,

Tac. A. 14, 41:

reos ejusdem criminis detulerunt,

Quint. 11, 1, 79; cf.:

defertur majestatis,

Tac. A. 14, 48 (v. Draeger ad loc.):

adulterii,

id. ib. 4, 42:

impietatis in principem,

id. ib. 6, 47:

Drusus defertur moliri res novas,

id. ib. 2, 27; cf.:

defertur simulavisse partum,

ib. 3, 22:

ad deferenda de Perseo crimina,

Liv. 42, 11; cf. Quint. 4, 2, 98; cf.

also: et cum occiderentur, detuli sententiam,

voted to condemn, Vulg. Act. 26, 10. — Absol.:

et minari et deferre etiam non orator potest,

Quint. 4, 1, 22.—Of denouncing:

quae apud vos de me deferunt,

Cic. Agr. 3, 1.—

Pub. law t. t.

Aliquid ad aerarium, and more freq. simply aliquid, to give in at the Aerarium:

horum nomina ad aerarium detulisset,

Cic. Phil. 5, 5 fin.:

quamquam rationes deferre properarim (for which referre is repeatedly used just before),

Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 3.—Hence of persons, to recommend them for future consideration and reward, for their services to the state:

in beneficiis ad aerarium delatus est,

Cic. Arch. 5 fin.; id. Fam. 5, 20, 7; id. Balb. 28; id. Att. 5, 7:

senatus consultum factum ad aerarium deferre,

the public archives, Liv. 39, 4, 8; Tac. A. 3, 51; 13, 28; Suet. Aug. 94, 3.—

Deferre in censum, to report any thing for assessment, to return one's property to the censors:

mille quingentum aeris in censum,

Gell. 16, 10, 10;

for which, deferre censum,

Plin. 7, 48, 49, § 159; Tac. A. 6, 41.— Pass. in mid. force:

deferri in censum,

to report one's self for assessment, Eutr. 1, 7.—

To ascribe, Amm. 14, 6, 8.

dē-monstro, āvi, ātum, 1 ( arch. inf. pass.:

demonstrarier,

Ter. Ph. 2, 1, 76), v. a., to point out, as with the finger; to indicate, designate, show (freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen. (cf.: indico, significo, ostendo): ubi habitet (mihi) demonstrarier (volo—with commonstrarier), Ter. l. l.; cf.:

itinera ipsa ita putavi esse demonstranda, ut commonstrarem tantum viam, et ut fieri solet, digitum ad fontes intenderem,

Cic. de Or. 1, 46 fin.:

non ea figura, quae digito demonstrari potest,

id. Rep. 6, 24; so,

too, aliquid digito,

Quint. 6, 3, 38:

aliquem averso pollice,

id. 11, 3, 104:

aliquid nutu vel manu,

id. 1, 5, 36:

eum volo mihi demonstretis hominem,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 2, 16:

thesaurum mi in hisce aedibus,

id. Trin. 1, 2, 113:

itinera cum cura,

Liv. 23, 33:

unum ex iis,

Suet. Aug. 94 et saep.:

ut ante demonstrabant, quid ubique esset... item nunc, quid undique oblatum sit, ostendunt,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 59: demonstres ubi sint tuae tenebrae, Catull. 55, 2.— Absol.: histrio ita demonstraverat ( had gesticulated), ut bibentem natantemque faceret, Suet. Ner. 39.—

Poet. of a subject not personal:

demonstrant astra salebras,

Prop. 3, 16, 15 (4, 15, 15 M.).—

Esp., jurid. t. t.: fines, to point out the boundaries, i.e. to deliver a piece of land to the purchaser, Cic. pro Tull. § 17; Dig. 18, 1, 18; 21, 2, 45.—

Pregn., to guide by pointing out the way:

si equus ille decessit qui demonstrabat quadrigam,

Dig. 31, 1, 65, § 1.—

Trop., to designate, indicate, by speech or writing; to show, prove, demonstrate; to represent, describe; also simply to mention (in this signif. often in Caes. —for syn. cf.: monstro, commonstro, comprobo, probo, declaro).

With acc.:

Spurinna quidem cum ei rem demonstrassem et vitam tuam superiorem exposuissem, magnum periculum summae reipublicae demonstrabat, nisi, etc.,

Cic. Fam. 9, 24;

so with docere,

id. Verr. 2, 2, 50;

with ostendere,

id. Att. 1, 1, 4; Quint. 5, 12, 15 et saep.:

istius cupiditatem minasque demonstrat,

Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 39 fin.:

si tibi nemo responsurus esset, tamen ipsam causam demonstrare non posses,

id. Div. in Caecil. 13, 43:

modum formamque (sc. navium),

Caes. B. G. 5, 1:

re demonstrata,

id. ib. 5, 38; cf.:

quibus demonstratis,

Quint. 5, 1, 3:

aliquid scripto,

id. 1, 5, 32 et saep.:

ad ea castra, quae supra demonstravimus, contendit,

Caes. B. G. 7, 83 fin.; 5, 49; so with the pron. relat., id. B. C. 3, 84, 3; 3, 89, 3:

hujus Hercyniae silvae, quae supra demonstrata est, latitudo, etc.,

id. B. G. 6, 25; cf. in pass. id. B. C. 1, 81, 2; 63 fin. —With double acc.:

quam virtutem quartam elocutionis Cicero demonstrat,

Quint. 11, 1, 1.—

With acc. and inf.:

mihi Fabius demonstravit, te id cogitasse facere,

Cic. Fam. 3, 3, 2; id. Inv. 1, 31:

demonstrant sibi praeter agri solum nihil esse reliqui,

Caes. B. G. 1, 11, 5; 2, 17, 2; 7, 41, 2 (with exponunt); 7, 43, 2 et saep.— Pass. with nom. and inf.:

altera parte imbecillitas, inopia fuisse demonstrabitur,

Auct. Her. 2, 4, 7:

si eo ipse in genere, quo arguatur, integer ante fuisse demonstrabitur,

Cic. Inv. 1, 11, 36; Hyg. Astr. 2, 14; 2, 21.—

With a relative clause:

quanta praedae faciendae facultas daretur, si, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 4, 34 fin.; Quint. 2, 4, 3; Plin. 25, 13, 106, § 169.—

Absol.:

cum esset Caesar in citeriore Gallia in hibernis, ita uti supra demonstravimus,

Caes. B. G. 2, 1:

ut supra demonstravimus,

id. ib. 5, 3;

5, 19 al.: ut ante demonstravimus,

id. ib. 2, 22;

ita ut antea demonstravimus,

id. ib. 7, 46;

and simply ut demonstravimus,

id. ib. 6, 35; id. B. C. 3, 66, 2 al.—

In attraction:

cum essent in quibus demonstravi augustiis,

Caes. B. C. 3, 15, 6:

circiter DC ejus generis, cujus supra demonstravimus naves,

id. B. G. 5, 2, 2.—

Of an inanimate subject:

quae hoc demonstrare videantur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 63:

quod proximus demonstrabit liber,

Quint. 1, 10, 49:

littera causam,

Tib. 3, 2, 27:

laus ac vituperatio quale sit quidque demonstrat,

id. 3, 4, 14 al. —

Pass. impers.:

naves XVIII., de quibus supra demonstratum est,

Caes. B. G. 4, 28; id. B. C. 1, 56, 2:

erant, ut supra demonstratum est, legiones Afranii tres,

id. ib. 1, 39; 2, 34;

and without supra,

id. ib. 3, 62:

quem a Pompeio missum in Hispaniam demonstratum est,

id. ib. 1, 38; so with an acc. and inf., id. ib. 2, 28;

2, 42, 5: ad flumen Axonam contenderunt, quod esse post nostra castra demonstratum est,

id. B. G. 2, 9, 3.

dē-signo or dissigno (the latter form preferred by Brambach in sense II. B. 2. infra; so Keller, ad Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 16; cf. Roby, L. G. 2, p. 384), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to mark out, trace out (freq. in the Aug. per.); to describe, designate, define (for syn. cf.: nomino, appello; voco, dico; facio, coöpto, evoco, prodo, declaro, renuntio, seligo).

Lit.:

Aeneas urbem designat aratro,

Verg. A. 5, 755; cf.:

moenia fossā,

id. ib. 7, 157:

moenia sulco,

Ov. F. 4, 825; and:

oppidum sulco,

Tac. A. 12, 24.— With dat.:

finis templo Jovis,

Liv. 1, 10; cf.:

locum circo,

id. 1, 35:—vulnere frontem, to mark, Stat. Th. 6, 782; cf.:

nubila ingenti gyro,

id. ib. 1, 311.—

Transf., to delineate, design, depict, represent, sc. by embroidering, weaving, etc.:

Europen,

Ov. M. 6, 103.—Far more freq.,

Trop.

In gen., to point out, mark, denote by speech; to designate, describe, represent:

haec ab hominibus callidis animadversa ac notata, verbis designata,

Cic. de Or. 1, 23, 109; cf.:

affectus velut primis lineis designare,

Quint. 4, 2, 120; and:

aliquem aliqua oratione,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18:

notat et designat oculis ad caedem unumquemque nostrum,

Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 2; cf.:

aliquem digito,

Ov. Am. 3, 1, 19; 3, 6, 77:

decumam ex praeda,

Liv. 5, 25:

aliquem nota ignaviae,

id. 24, 16:

turpitudinem aliquam,

Cic. de Or. 2, 58, 236:

quem (mundum) alio loco ipse designarit deum,

id. N. D. 1, 13, 33:

multa, quae nimiam luxuriam et victoriae fiduciam designarent,

Caes. B. C. 3, 96.—

In partic.

In a bad sense, to contrive, devise, perpetrate (syn.:

exsequi, patrare, perpetrare—very rare): quae designata sint et facta nequitia,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 66; cf.: Illa, quae antehac facta sunt, Omitto;

modo quid designavit!

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 7 Donat.—In a good sense:

quid non ebrietas designat,

effect, do, accomplish, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 16 Orell.—

With access. idea of arrangement, to dispose, regulate, arrange, appoint, ordain, nominate, elect, choose:

constituere et designare aliquid,

Cic. Div. 1, 38, 82:

Anaxagoras primus omnium rerum descriptionem et modum mentis infinitae vi ac ratione designari et confici voluit,

to be designed and executed, id. N. D. 1, 11; cf. id. ib. 3, 35.—Esp., to appoint to a public office:

aliquem praetorem,

Suet. Cal. 18:

Mamertinum Consulem,

Amm. 21, 12, 25:

ut ii decemviratum habeant, quos plebs designaverit: oblitus est, nullos ab plebe designari,

Cic. Agr. 2, 10 fin.:

Catilina in proximum annum consulatum petebat, sperans si designatus foret, etc.,

Sall. C. 26.—Hence,

Polit. t. t.: dēsig-nātus, elect; applied to a person elected to an office, but who has not yet entered upon it:

consul,

Cic. Fam. 11, 6; Vell. 2, 58, and the superscriptions of letters in Cic. Fam. 11, 4-8:

tribunus plebis,

id. Agr. 2, 5, 11; id. Att. 3, 13; Sall. J. 27, 2:

quaestor,

Vell. 2, 111, 3 et saep.—Also, said of the office itself:

Pompeio consulatus designatus est,

Gell. 14, 7, 1.—

Transf., expected; of a child not yet born:

designatus civis,

Cic. Clu. 11, 32.

dē-signo or dissigno (the latter form preferred by Brambach in sense II. B. 2. infra; so Keller, ad Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 16; cf. Roby, L. G. 2, p. 384), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to mark out, trace out (freq. in the Aug. per.); to describe, designate, define (for syn. cf.: nomino, appello; voco, dico; facio, coöpto, evoco, prodo, declaro, renuntio, seligo).

Lit.:

Aeneas urbem designat aratro,

Verg. A. 5, 755; cf.:

moenia fossā,

id. ib. 7, 157:

moenia sulco,

Ov. F. 4, 825; and:

oppidum sulco,

Tac. A. 12, 24.— With dat.:

finis templo Jovis,

Liv. 1, 10; cf.:

locum circo,

id. 1, 35:—vulnere frontem, to mark, Stat. Th. 6, 782; cf.:

nubila ingenti gyro,

id. ib. 1, 311.—

Transf., to delineate, design, depict, represent, sc. by embroidering, weaving, etc.:

Europen,

Ov. M. 6, 103.—Far more freq.,

Trop.

In gen., to point out, mark, denote by speech; to designate, describe, represent:

haec ab hominibus callidis animadversa ac notata, verbis designata,

Cic. de Or. 1, 23, 109; cf.:

affectus velut primis lineis designare,

Quint. 4, 2, 120; and:

aliquem aliqua oratione,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18:

notat et designat oculis ad caedem unumquemque nostrum,

Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 2; cf.:

aliquem digito,

Ov. Am. 3, 1, 19; 3, 6, 77:

decumam ex praeda,

Liv. 5, 25:

aliquem nota ignaviae,

id. 24, 16:

turpitudinem aliquam,

Cic. de Or. 2, 58, 236:

quem (mundum) alio loco ipse designarit deum,

id. N. D. 1, 13, 33:

multa, quae nimiam luxuriam et victoriae fiduciam designarent,

Caes. B. C. 3, 96.—

In partic.

In a bad sense, to contrive, devise, perpetrate (syn.:

exsequi, patrare, perpetrare—very rare): quae designata sint et facta nequitia,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 66; cf.: Illa, quae antehac facta sunt, Omitto;

modo quid designavit!

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 7 Donat.—In a good sense:

quid non ebrietas designat,

effect, do, accomplish, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 16 Orell.—

With access. idea of arrangement, to dispose, regulate, arrange, appoint, ordain, nominate, elect, choose:

constituere et designare aliquid,

Cic. Div. 1, 38, 82:

Anaxagoras primus omnium rerum descriptionem et modum mentis infinitae vi ac ratione designari et confici voluit,

to be designed and executed, id. N. D. 1, 11; cf. id. ib. 3, 35.—Esp., to appoint to a public office:

aliquem praetorem,

Suet. Cal. 18:

Mamertinum Consulem,

Amm. 21, 12, 25:

ut ii decemviratum habeant, quos plebs designaverit: oblitus est, nullos ab plebe designari,

Cic. Agr. 2, 10 fin.:

Catilina in proximum annum consulatum petebat, sperans si designatus foret, etc.,

Sall. C. 26.—Hence,

Polit. t. t.: dēsig-nātus, elect; applied to a person elected to an office, but who has not yet entered upon it:

consul,

Cic. Fam. 11, 6; Vell. 2, 58, and the superscriptions of letters in Cic. Fam. 11, 4-8:

tribunus plebis,

id. Agr. 2, 5, 11; id. Att. 3, 13; Sall. J. 27, 2:

quaestor,

Vell. 2, 111, 3 et saep.—Also, said of the office itself:

Pompeio consulatus designatus est,

Gell. 14, 7, 1.—

Transf., expected; of a child not yet born:

designatus civis,

Cic. Clu. 11, 32.

dē-signo or dissigno (the latter form preferred by Brambach in sense II. B. 2. infra; so Keller, ad Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 16; cf. Roby, L. G. 2, p. 384), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a., to mark out, trace out (freq. in the Aug. per.); to describe, designate, define (for syn. cf.: nomino, appello; voco, dico; facio, coöpto, evoco, prodo, declaro, renuntio, seligo).

Lit.:

Aeneas urbem designat aratro,

Verg. A. 5, 755; cf.:

moenia fossā,

id. ib. 7, 157:

moenia sulco,

Ov. F. 4, 825; and:

oppidum sulco,

Tac. A. 12, 24.— With dat.:

finis templo Jovis,

Liv. 1, 10; cf.:

locum circo,

id. 1, 35:—vulnere frontem, to mark, Stat. Th. 6, 782; cf.:

nubila ingenti gyro,

id. ib. 1, 311.—

Transf., to delineate, design, depict, represent, sc. by embroidering, weaving, etc.:

Europen,

Ov. M. 6, 103.—Far more freq.,

Trop.

In gen., to point out, mark, denote by speech; to designate, describe, represent:

haec ab hominibus callidis animadversa ac notata, verbis designata,

Cic. de Or. 1, 23, 109; cf.:

affectus velut primis lineis designare,

Quint. 4, 2, 120; and:

aliquem aliqua oratione,

Caes. B. G. 1, 18:

notat et designat oculis ad caedem unumquemque nostrum,

Cic. Cat. 1, 1, 2; cf.:

aliquem digito,

Ov. Am. 3, 1, 19; 3, 6, 77:

decumam ex praeda,

Liv. 5, 25:

aliquem nota ignaviae,

id. 24, 16:

turpitudinem aliquam,

Cic. de Or. 2, 58, 236:

quem (mundum) alio loco ipse designarit deum,

id. N. D. 1, 13, 33:

multa, quae nimiam luxuriam et victoriae fiduciam designarent,

Caes. B. C. 3, 96.—

In partic.

In a bad sense, to contrive, devise, perpetrate (syn.:

exsequi, patrare, perpetrare—very rare): quae designata sint et facta nequitia,

Plaut. Most. 2, 1, 66; cf.: Illa, quae antehac facta sunt, Omitto;

modo quid designavit!

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 7 Donat.—In a good sense:

quid non ebrietas designat,

effect, do, accomplish, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 16 Orell.—

With access. idea of arrangement, to dispose, regulate, arrange, appoint, ordain, nominate, elect, choose:

constituere et designare aliquid,

Cic. Div. 1, 38, 82:

Anaxagoras primus omnium rerum descriptionem et modum mentis infinitae vi ac ratione designari et confici voluit,

to be designed and executed, id. N. D. 1, 11; cf. id. ib. 3, 35.—Esp., to appoint to a public office:

aliquem praetorem,

Suet. Cal. 18:

Mamertinum Consulem,

Amm. 21, 12, 25:

ut ii decemviratum habeant, quos plebs designaverit: oblitus est, nullos ab plebe designari,

Cic. Agr. 2, 10 fin.:

Catilina in proximum annum consulatum petebat, sperans si designatus foret, etc.,

Sall. C. 26.—Hence,

Polit. t. t.: dēsig-nātus, elect; applied to a person elected to an office, but who has not yet entered upon it:

consul,

Cic. Fam. 11, 6; Vell. 2, 58, and the superscriptions of letters in Cic. Fam. 11, 4-8:

tribunus plebis,

id. Agr. 2, 5, 11; id. Att. 3, 13; Sall. J. 27, 2:

quaestor,

Vell. 2, 111, 3 et saep.—Also, said of the office itself:

Pompeio consulatus designatus est,

Gell. 14, 7, 1.—

Transf., expected; of a child not yet born:

designatus civis,

Cic. Clu. 11, 32.

nuncŭpo, āvi, ātum, 1 (nuncupassit for nuncupaverit; v. in the foll.), v. a. [nomencapio], to call by name, to call, name (mostly ante-class. and post-Aug.;

esp. in jurid. lang.: quem cultrix nomine nostro nuncupat,

Ov. F. 1, 246; cf. Cic. de Or. 3, 38, 153; Quint. 8, 3, 27 Spald. N. cr.; cf.: designo, declaro, dico): nuncupare nominare valere apparet in legibus, ubi nuncupatae pecuniae sunt scriptae;

item in choro, in quo est: Aenea! Quis est qui meum nomen nuncupat? Item in Medio: Quis tu es mulier, quae me insueto nuncupāsti nomine?

Varr. L. L. 6, § 60 Müll.: CVM NEXVM FACIET MANCIPIVMQVE VTI LINGVA NVNCVPASSIT ITA IVS ESTO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Paul. ex Fest. p. 173 Müll.; cf. Cic. Off. 3, 16, 65; cf. also id. de Or. 1, 57, 245: nuncupata pecunia est nominata, certa (nomine certa?), nominibus propriis pronuntiata, Paul. ex Fest. p. 173 Müll.:

tum illud, quod erat a deo donatum, nomine ipsius dei nuncupabant,

Cic. N. D. 2, 23, 60; cf. id. ib. 2, 28, 71:

res utiles deorum vocabulis,

id. ib. 1, 15, 38; Plin. 4, 12, 27, § 91:

Pompeii M. titulos omnes triumphosque hoc in loco nuncupari,

id. 7, 26, 27, § 95:

aliquam reginam,

Just. 24, 2, 9:

aliquem Caesarem,

Aur. Vict. Caes. 23, 2:

Indigetem,

Ov. M. 14, 608.— Poet.: alicujus fidem, to invoke, Pac. ap. Non. 90, 11 (Trag. Rel. p. 78, v 141 Rib.).—

In partic.

Nuncupare heredem, to name publicly before witnesses as one's heir:

heredes palam, ita ut exaudiri possint nuncupandi sunt,

Dig. 28, 1, 21:

voce nuncupatus heres,

Just. 12, 15 fin.; Dig. 37, 11, 8: nuncupatum testamentum, a testament drawn up in the presence of witnesses, in which the testator names his heirs, Plin. Ep. 8, 18, 5.—

In gen., to constitute or appoint as one's heir, Suet. Claud. 4; id. Calig. 38:

nec quia offendit alius, nuncuparis, sed quia ipse meruisti,

Plin. Pan. 43.—

To announce publicly, proclaim formally:

consultatum pro rostris an in senatu an in castris adoptio nuncuparetur,

Tac. H. 1, 17.—

To pronounce vows publicly, to offer vows, to vow: vota nuncupata dicuntur, quae consules, praetores cum in provinciam proficiscuntur faciunt: ea in tabulas praesentibus multis referuntur. At Santra L. II. de verborum antiquitate satis multis nuncupata colligit non directo nominata significare, sed promissa et quasi testificata, circumscripta, recepta, quod etiam in votis nuncupandis esse convenientius, Paul. ex Fest. p. 173 Müll.; Cic. Phil. 3, 4, 11; Liv. 21, 63:

cum consul more majorum secundum vota in Capitolio nuncupata, cum lictoribus paludatus profectus ab urbe esset,

id. 41, 10:

solvere vota nuncupata pro incolumitate exercitus,

Val. Max. 1, 1 fin.

ostendo, di, sum, and tum (ostensus, Varr. ap. Prisc. p. 892 P.; Luc. 2, 192: ostentus, Att. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 22, 45; Pac. and Varr. ap. Prisc. l. l.; Tac. H. 1, 78:

ostensurus,

Suet. Ner. 13; App. ap. Prisc. p. 892 P.:

ostenturus,

Cato, Or. 52, 2; v. also the apoc. form: ostende ostendam, ut permultis aliis exemplis ejus generis manifestum est, Paul. ex Fest. p. 201 Müll.; perh. used by Cato, v. Müll. ad loc., and cf. the letter E), v. a. [obs-tendo], to stretch out or spread before one; hence, to expose to view, to show, exhibit, display (syn.: monstro, exhibeo).

Lit.

In gen.

Ostendo manus, Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 17:

os suum populo Romano ostendere audet,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 1, § 1:

pectora,

Sil. 2, 669:

umeros,

Verg. A. 5, 376:

dentem,

Suet. Vesp. 5:

se,

to show one's self, appear, Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 5:

aciem,

to display, Liv. 29, 7:

equites sese ostendunt,

show themselves, appear, Caes. B. C. 1, 63. —

Transf.:

vocem,

to make heard, Phaedr. 1, 13, 9.—

In partic., to lay open, expose ( poet.):

Aquiloni glaebas,

Verg. G. 2, 261:

lucos Phoebo,

Stat. Th. 6, 90:

ager qui soli ostentus erit,

Cato, R. R. 6, 2. —

Trop.

In gen., to show, disclose, exhibit, manifest: ille dies cum gloriā maximā sese nobis ostendat, Enn. ap. Prisc. p. 880 P. (Ann. v. 384 Vahl.):

non ego illi extemplo ita meum ostendam sensum,

Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 21:

verum hoc facto sese ostendit,

he has exposed himself, id. As. 5, 2, 12:

sententiam,

Ter. Heaut. 2, 1, 7:

potestatem,

id. Eun. 5, 8, 3:

spem, metum,

i. e. to promise, threaten, Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 34, § 75 et saep.—With two acc.:

aliquem nocentem,

Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 2; cf. Tit. ap. Gell. 2, 27, 5.—Mid., to show itself, appear:

nisi cum major spes ostenderetur,

Suet. Aug. 25.—

In partic.

To show, express, indicate by speech or signs; to give to understand, to declare, say, tell, make known, etc. (syn.: indico, declaro, significo).—With acc.:

illud ostendit,

Cic. Att. 1, 1, 4.—With obj. - or rel.-clause:

ostendit se cum rege colloqui velle,

Nep. Con. 3, 2:

quid sui consilii sit, ostendit,

Caes. B. G. 1, 21; cf. id. ib. 5, 2, 3.— Absol.:

ut ostendimus supra,

as we showed above, Nep. Ages. 1, 5:

sed aliter, atque ostenderam, facio,

Cic. Fam. 2, 3, 2:

signum est per quod ostenditur idonea perficiendi facultas esse quaesita,

Auct. Her. 2, 4, 6:

primum ostendendum est,

id. ib. 2, 16, 23.—

To hold up conspicuously, flourish (ironically):

sed quaedam mihi magnifica et praeclara ejus defensio ostenditur,

Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 1, § 1.—Hence, osten-tus, a, um, P. a.

Exposed (ante-class.):

ager soli ostentus,

Cato, R. R. 6, 2; so id. ib. 6, 4; Varr. R. R. 1, 24, 1; 1, 25.—

Subst.: ostentum, i, n.

Lit., a prodigy, wonder, that announces something about to happen, a portent (class.;

syn.: monstrum, portentum): praedictiones vero et praesensiones rerum futurarum quid aliud declarant, nisi hominibus ea, quae futura sunt, ostendi, monstrari, portendi, praedici? ex quo illa ostenta, monstra, portenta, prodigia dicuntur,

Cic. N. D. 2, 3, 7; cf. id. Div. 1, 42, 93; id. Verr. 2, 4, 49, § 108; Suet. Caes. 32.—

Transf., a wondrous thing, prodigy: scis Appium ostenta facere, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 14, 4:

ostenti prorsus genus,

Just. 10, 1, 6.

signĭfĭco, āvi, ātum, 1 ( dep. collat. form signĭfĭcor, acc. to Gell. 18, 12, 10, without an example), v. a. [signum-facio].

In gen., to show by signs; to show, point out, express, publish, make known, indicate; to intimate, notify, signify, etc. (freq. and class.; syn.: monstro, declaro, indico).

With acc.:

aliquid alicui,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 5:

hoc mihi significasse et annuisse visus est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 91, § 213:

quae significari ac declarari volemus,

id. de Or. 3, 13, 49:

gratulationem,

id. Att. 4, 1, 5:

stultitiam,

id. Agr. 2, 12, 30:

deditionem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

timorem fremitu et concursu,

id. ib. 4, 14:

vir, quem ne inimicus quidem satis in appellando significare poterat,

Cic. Font. 17, 39 (13, 29):

aliquid per gestum,

Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 36 et saep.— With two acc. (rare):

ut eorum ornatus in his regem neminem significaret,

Nep. Ages. 8, 2; id. Them. 2, 7.—

With object clause: hoc tibi non significandum solum, sed etiam [p. 1697] declarandum arbitror, nihil mihi esse potuisse tuis litteris gratius, Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 2; cf. id. Mil. 2, 4:

provocationem a regibus fuisse significant nostri augurales,

id. Rep. 2, 31, 54:

se esse admodum delectatos,

id. ib. 3, 30, 42:

omnes voce significare coeperunt, sese, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 2, 13; 4, 3; cf.:

hoc significant, sese ad statuas tuas pecuniam contulisse,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 60, § 148.—

With rel. or interrog.-clause:

neque unde, nec quo die datae essent (litterae), aut quo tempore te exspectarem, significabant,

Cic. Fam. 2, 19, 1:

nutu significat, quid velit,

Ov. M. 3, 643:

(anseres et canes) aluntur in Capitolio, ut significent, si fures venerint, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 20, 56:

significare coeperunt, ut dimitterentur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 86.—

With de:

significare de fugā Romanis coeperunt,

Caes. B. G. 7, 26:

est aliquid de virtute significatum tuā,

Cic. Planc. 21, 52.—

Absol.:

diversae state... Neve inter vos significetis,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 14:

significare inter sese coeperunt,

Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 122:

ut quam maxime significem,

id. Tusc. 2, 20, 46:

ut fumo atque ignibus significabatur,

Caes. B. G. 2, 7 fin.:

ubi major atque illustrior incidit res, clamore per agros regionesque significant,

id. ib. 7, 3.—

In partic.

To betoken, prognosticate, foreshow, portend, mean (syn. praedico):

futura posse a quibusdam significari,

Cic. Div. 1, 1, 2:

quid haec tanta celeritas festinatioque significat?

id. Rosc. Am. 34, 97:

quid sibi significent, trepidantia consulit exta,

Ov. M. 15, 576; cf.:

quid mihi significant ergo mea visa?

id. ib. 9, 495:

significet placidos nuntia fibra deos,

Tib. 2, 1, 25:

quae fato manent, quamvis significata, non vitantur,

Tac. H. 1, 18.—

To betoken a change of weather (post-Aug.):

ventus Africus tempestatem significat, etc.,

Col. 11, 2, 4 sq.:

serenos dies (luna),

Plin. 18, 35, 79, § 348:

imbrem (occasus Librae),

id. ib. 26, 66, § 246.— Absol.:

terreni ignes proxime significant,

Plin. 18, 35, 84, § 357.—

To call, name:

quod Antoninum filium suum ipse significari voluit,

Capitol. Gord. 16.—

To mean, import, signify; of words:

carere hoc significat, egere eo, quod habere velis, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:

multa verba aliud nunc ostendunt, aliud ante significabant, ut hostis,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 3 Müll.;

9, § 85 ib.: videtis hoc uno verbo unde significare res duas, et ex quo et a quo loco,

Cic. Caecin. 30, 88.—Of a fable:

haec significat fabula dominum videre plurimum,

Phaedr. 2, 8, 27; 4, 10, 16.— Hence, signĭfĭcans, antis, P. a., in rhet. lang., of speech, full of meaning, expressive, significant; graphic, distinct, clear:

locorum dilucida et significans descriptio,

Quint. 9, 2, 44:

verba,

id. 11, 1, 2; cf. id. 4, 2, 36; 4, 2, 8, prooem. §

31: demonstratio,

Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 147.— Transf., of orators:

Atticos esse lucidos et significantes,

Quint. 12, 10, 21.— Comp.:

quo nihil inveniri possit significantius,

Quint. 8, 2, 9; 8, 6, 6.— Sup.:

significantissimum vocabulum,

Gell. 1, 15, 17.— Adv.: signĭfĭcanter, clearly, distinctly, expressly, significantly, graphically:

breviter ac significanter ordinem rei protulisse,

Quint. 11, 1, 53:

rem indicare (with proprie),

id. 12, 10, 52:

dicere (with ornate),

id. 1, 7, 32.— Comp.:

apertius, significantius dignitatem alicujus defendere,

Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 3:

narrare,

Quint. 10, 1, 49:

disponere,

id. 3, 6, 65:

appellare aliquid (with consignatius),

Gell. 1, 25, 8:

dicere (with probabilius),

id. 17, 2, 11.— Sup., Pseudo Quint. Decl. 247.

signĭfĭco, āvi, ātum, 1 ( dep. collat. form signĭfĭcor, acc. to Gell. 18, 12, 10, without an example), v. a. [signum-facio].

In gen., to show by signs; to show, point out, express, publish, make known, indicate; to intimate, notify, signify, etc. (freq. and class.; syn.: monstro, declaro, indico).

With acc.:

aliquid alicui,

Plaut. Rud. 4, 1, 5:

hoc mihi significasse et annuisse visus est,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 91, § 213:

quae significari ac declarari volemus,

id. de Or. 3, 13, 49:

gratulationem,

id. Att. 4, 1, 5:

stultitiam,

id. Agr. 2, 12, 30:

deditionem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 40:

timorem fremitu et concursu,

id. ib. 4, 14:

vir, quem ne inimicus quidem satis in appellando significare poterat,

Cic. Font. 17, 39 (13, 29):

aliquid per gestum,

Ov. Tr. 5, 10, 36 et saep.— With two acc. (rare):

ut eorum ornatus in his regem neminem significaret,

Nep. Ages. 8, 2; id. Them. 2, 7.—

With object clause: hoc tibi non significandum solum, sed etiam [p. 1697] declarandum arbitror, nihil mihi esse potuisse tuis litteris gratius, Cic. Fam. 5, 13, 2; cf. id. Mil. 2, 4:

provocationem a regibus fuisse significant nostri augurales,

id. Rep. 2, 31, 54:

se esse admodum delectatos,

id. ib. 3, 30, 42:

omnes voce significare coeperunt, sese, etc.,

Caes. B. G. 2, 13; 4, 3; cf.:

hoc significant, sese ad statuas tuas pecuniam contulisse,

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 60, § 148.—

With rel. or interrog.-clause:

neque unde, nec quo die datae essent (litterae), aut quo tempore te exspectarem, significabant,

Cic. Fam. 2, 19, 1:

nutu significat, quid velit,

Ov. M. 3, 643:

(anseres et canes) aluntur in Capitolio, ut significent, si fures venerint, etc.,

Cic. Rosc. Am. 20, 56:

significare coeperunt, ut dimitterentur,

Caes. B. C. 1, 86.—

With de:

significare de fugā Romanis coeperunt,

Caes. B. G. 7, 26:

est aliquid de virtute significatum tuā,

Cic. Planc. 21, 52.—

Absol.:

diversae state... Neve inter vos significetis,

Plaut. Truc. 4, 3, 14:

significare inter sese coeperunt,

Cic. de Or. 1, 26, 122:

ut quam maxime significem,

id. Tusc. 2, 20, 46:

ut fumo atque ignibus significabatur,

Caes. B. G. 2, 7 fin.:

ubi major atque illustrior incidit res, clamore per agros regionesque significant,

id. ib. 7, 3.—

In partic.

To betoken, prognosticate, foreshow, portend, mean (syn. praedico):

futura posse a quibusdam significari,

Cic. Div. 1, 1, 2:

quid haec tanta celeritas festinatioque significat?

id. Rosc. Am. 34, 97:

quid sibi significent, trepidantia consulit exta,

Ov. M. 15, 576; cf.:

quid mihi significant ergo mea visa?

id. ib. 9, 495:

significet placidos nuntia fibra deos,

Tib. 2, 1, 25:

quae fato manent, quamvis significata, non vitantur,

Tac. H. 1, 18.—

To betoken a change of weather (post-Aug.):

ventus Africus tempestatem significat, etc.,

Col. 11, 2, 4 sq.:

serenos dies (luna),

Plin. 18, 35, 79, § 348:

imbrem (occasus Librae),

id. ib. 26, 66, § 246.— Absol.:

terreni ignes proxime significant,

Plin. 18, 35, 84, § 357.—

To call, name:

quod Antoninum filium suum ipse significari voluit,

Capitol. Gord. 16.—

To mean, import, signify; of words:

carere hoc significat, egere eo, quod habere velis, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 36, 88:

multa verba aliud nunc ostendunt, aliud ante significabant, ut hostis,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 3 Müll.;

9, § 85 ib.: videtis hoc uno verbo unde significare res duas, et ex quo et a quo loco,

Cic. Caecin. 30, 88.—Of a fable:

haec significat fabula dominum videre plurimum,

Phaedr. 2, 8, 27; 4, 10, 16.— Hence, signĭfĭcans, antis, P. a., in rhet. lang., of speech, full of meaning, expressive, significant; graphic, distinct, clear:

locorum dilucida et significans descriptio,

Quint. 9, 2, 44:

verba,

id. 11, 1, 2; cf. id. 4, 2, 36; 4, 2, 8, prooem. §

31: demonstratio,

Plin. 8, 40, 61, § 147.— Transf., of orators:

Atticos esse lucidos et significantes,

Quint. 12, 10, 21.— Comp.:

quo nihil inveniri possit significantius,

Quint. 8, 2, 9; 8, 6, 6.— Sup.:

significantissimum vocabulum,

Gell. 1, 15, 17.— Adv.: signĭfĭcanter, clearly, distinctly, expressly, significantly, graphically:

breviter ac significanter ordinem rei protulisse,

Quint. 11, 1, 53:

rem indicare (with proprie),

id. 12, 10, 52:

dicere (with ornate),

id. 1, 7, 32.— Comp.:

apertius, significantius dignitatem alicujus defendere,

Cic. Fam. 3, 12, 3:

narrare,

Quint. 10, 1, 49:

disponere,

id. 3, 6, 65:

appellare aliquid (with consignatius),

Gell. 1, 25, 8:

dicere (with probabilius),

id. 17, 2, 11.— Sup., Pseudo Quint. Decl. 247.