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101 pademelon, dama
1. LAT Macropus eugenii Desmarest2. RUS филандер m Евгении, кенгуру m дама, кенгуру m Дерби, тамнар m3. ENG Darby's [dama, tammar] wallaby, dama pademelon, tammar4. DEU Eugenefilander m5. FRA —DICTIONARY OF ANIMAL NAMES IN FIVE LANGUAGES > pademelon, dama
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102 tammar
1. LAT Macropus eugenii Desmarest2. RUS филандер m Евгении, кенгуру m дама, кенгуру m Дерби, тамнар m3. ENG Darby's [dama, tammar] wallaby, dama pademelon, tammar4. DEU Eugenefilander m5. FRA — -
103 wallaby, dama
1. LAT Macropus eugenii Desmarest2. RUS филандер m Евгении, кенгуру m дама, кенгуру m Дерби, тамнар m3. ENG Darby's [dama, tammar] wallaby, dama pademelon, tammar4. DEU Eugenefilander m5. FRA —DICTIONARY OF ANIMAL NAMES IN FIVE LANGUAGES > wallaby, dama
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104 wallaby, tammar
1. LAT Macropus eugenii Desmarest2. RUS филандер m Евгении, кенгуру m дама, кенгуру m Дерби, тамнар m3. ENG Darby's [dama, tammar] wallaby, dama pademelon, tammar4. DEU Eugenefilander m5. FRA —DICTIONARY OF ANIMAL NAMES IN FIVE LANGUAGES > wallaby, tammar
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105 Metallurgy
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106 Pritchard, Thomas Farnolls
SUBJECT AREA: Civil engineering[br]b. probably Shrewsbury, Englandd. 23 December 1777 Shrewsbury, England[br]English architect and builder renowned for designing the first cast-iron bridge in England.[br]In 1775 Pritchard designed the Ironbridge bridge, which was built over the River Severn by Abraham Darby of Coalbrookdale in 1777–9. It is constructed of five parallel arch ribs almost 200 ft (61 m) in length. The spandrels are filled by circles and ogee arch heads, while the roadway above is made from cast-iron plates 2½ in. (64 mm) thick. The bridge, which weighs 400 tons, was made in the Coalbrookdale foundry and took only three months to erect.DYBiographical history of technology > Pritchard, Thomas Farnolls
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107 Roebuck, John
SUBJECT AREA: Chemical technology[br]b. 1718 Sheffield, Englandd. 17 July 1794[br]English chemist and manufacturer, inventor of the lead-chamber process for sulphuric acid.[br]The son of a prosperous Sheffield manufacturer, Roebuck forsook the family business to pursue studies in medicine at Edinburgh University. There he met Dr Joseph Black (1727–99), celebrated Professor of Chemistry, who aroused in Roebuck a lasting interest in chemistry. Roebuck continued his studies at Leyden, where he took his medical degree in 1742. He set up in practice in Birmingham, but in his spare time he continued chemical experiments that might help local industries.Among his early achievements was his new method of refining gold and silver. Success led to the setting up of a large laboratory and a reputation as a chemical consultant. It was at this time that Roebuck devised an improved way of making sulphuric acid. This vital substance was then made by burning sulphur and nitre (potassium nitrate) over water in a glass globe. The scale of the process was limited by the fragility of the glass. Roebuck substituted "lead chambers", or vessels consisting of sheets of lead, a metal both cheap and resistant to acids, set in wooden frames. After the first plant was set up in 1746, productivity rose and the price of sulphuric acid fell sharply. Success encouraged Roebuck to establish a second, larger plant at Prestonpans, near Edinburgh. He preferred to rely on secrecy rather than patents to preserve his monopoly, but a departing employee took the secret with him and the process spread rapidly in England and on the European continent. It remained the standard process until it was superseded by the contact process towards the end of the nineteenth century. Roebuck next turned his attention to ironmaking and finally selected a site on the Carron river, near Falkirk in Scotland, where the raw materials and water power and transport lay close at hand. The Carron ironworks began producing iron in 1760 and became one of the great names in the history of ironmaking. Roebuck was an early proponent of the smelting of iron with coke, pioneered by Abraham Darby at Coalbrookdale. To supply the stronger blast required, Roebuck consulted John Smeaton, who c. 1760 installed the first blowing cylinders of any size.All had so far gone well for Roebuck, but he now leased coal-mines and salt-works from the Duke of Hamilton's lands at Borrowstonness in Linlithgow. The coal workings were plagued with flooding which the existing Newcomen engines were unable to overcome. Through his friendship with Joseph Black, patron of James Watt, Roebuck persuaded Watt to join him to apply his improved steam-engine to the flooded mine. He took over Black's loan to Watt of £1,200, helped him to obtain the first steam-engine patent of 1769 and took a two-thirds interest in the project. However, the new engine was not yet equal to the task and the debts mounted. To satisfy his creditors, Roebuck had to dispose of his capital in his various ventures. One creditor was Matthew Boulton, who accepted Roebuck's two-thirds share in Watt's steam-engine, rather than claim payment from his depleted estate, thus initiating a famous partnership. Roebuck was retained to manage Borrowstonness and allowed an annuity for his continued support until his death in 1794.[br]Further ReadingMemoir of John Roebuck in J.Roy. Soc. Edin., vol. 4 (1798), pp. 65–87.S.Gregory, 1987, "John Roebuck, 18th century entrepreneur", Chem. Engr. 443:28–31.LRD -
108 Sellers, William
SUBJECT AREA: Mechanical, pneumatic and hydraulic engineering[br]b. 19 September 1824 Upper Darby, Pennsylvania, USAd. 24 January 1905 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA[br]American mechanical engineer and inventor.[br]William Sellers was educated at a private school that had been established by his father and other relatives for their children, and at the age of 14 he was apprenticed for seven years to the machinist's trade with his uncle. At the end of his apprenticeship in 1845 he took charge of the machine shop of Fairbanks, Bancroft \& Co. in Providence, Rhode Island. In 1848 he established his own factory manufacturing machine tools and mill gearing in Philadelphia, where he was soon joined by Edward Bancroft, the firm becoming Bancroft \& Sellers. After Bancroft's death the name was changed in 1856 to William Sellers \& Co. and Sellers served as President until the end of his life. His machine tools were characterized by their robust construction and absence of decorative embellishments. In 1868 he formed the Edgemoor Iron Company, of which he was President. This company supplied the structural ironwork for the Centennial Exhibition buildings and much of the material for the Brooklyn Bridge. In 1873 he reorganized the William Butcher Steel Works, renaming it the Midvale Steel Company, and under his presidency it became a leader in the production of heavy ordnance. It was at the Midvale Steel Company that Frederick W. Taylor began, with the encouragement of Sellers, his experiments on cutting tools.In 1860 Sellers obtained the American rights of the patent for the Giffard injector for feeding steam boilers. He later invented his own improvements to the injector, which numbered among his many other patents, most of which related to machine tools. Probably Sellers's most important contribution to the engineering industry was his proposal for a system of screw threads made in 1864 and later adopted as the American national standard.Sellers was a founder member in 1880 of the American Society of Mechanical Engineers and was also a member of many other learned societies in America and other countries, including, in Britain, the Institution of Mechanical Engineers and the Iron and Steel Institute.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsChevalier de la Légion d'honneur 1889. President, Franklin Institute 1864–7.Further ReadingJ.W.Roe, 1916, English and American Tool Builders, New Haven; reprinted 1926, New York, and 1987, Bradley, Ill. (describes Sellers's work on machine tools).Bruce Sinclair, 1969, "At the turn of a screw: William Sellers, the Franklin Institute, and a standard American thread", Technology and Culture 10:20–34 (describes his work on screw threads).RTS -
109 314
1. LAT Macropus eugenii Desmarest2. RUS филандер m Евгении, кенгуру m дама, кенгуру m Дерби, тамнар m3. ENG Darby's [dama, tammar] wallaby, dama pademelon, tammar4. DEU Eugenefilander m5. FRA —
См. также в других словарях:
Darby — ist der Familienname folgender Personen: Abraham Darby I (1667–1717), englischer Eisenfabrikant Abraham Darby II (1711–1763), englischer Eisenfabrikant und Erfinder, Sohn von Abraham Darby I Abraham Darby III (1750–1791), englischer… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Darby — may refer to: Darby (name) or D Arby, a given name and surname (and list of people with the name) Places: Darby River, Victoria, Australia Darby, Montana, a town Darby Township, Madison County, Ohio Darby Township, Pickaway County, Ohio Darby… … Wikipedia
DARBY (A.) — DARBY ABRAHAM (1711 1763) Métallurgiste anglais, né et mort à Coalbrookdale, dans le Shropshire. Fils du maître de forges anglais Abraham Darby (1678 1717), il réussit le premier à fondre des minerais de fer avec du coke dans un haut fourneau.… … Encyclopédie Universelle
Darby — Darby, MT U.S. town in Montana Population (2000): 710 Housing Units (2000): 316 Land area (2000): 0.531252 sq. miles (1.375936 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 0.531252 sq. miles (1.375936 sq. km) … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Darby — Personnage Disney Nom original Darby Espèce humaine Sexe féminin Univers Disney Winnie l ourson Lieu de résidence Forêt des Rêves Bleus Darby … Wikipédia en Français
Darby, MT — U.S. town in Montana Population (2000): 710 Housing Units (2000): 316 Land area (2000): 0.531252 sq. miles (1.375936 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 0.531252 sq. miles (1.375936 sq. km) FIPS code … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Darby, PA — U.S. borough in Pennsylvania Population (2000): 10299 Housing Units (2000): 3999 Land area (2000): 0.815793 sq. miles (2.112894 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.000000 sq. miles (0.000000 sq. km) Total area (2000): 0.815793 sq. miles (2.112894 sq.… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Darby — Dar by (d[aum]r b[y^]), n. A plasterer s float, having two handles; used in smoothing ceilings, etc. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Darby — m English: transferred use of the surname, which originated in the Middle Ages as a local name for someone from the city of Derby or the district of West Derby near Liverpool. These are so called from Old Norse diur deer + býr settlement. The… … First names dictionary
Darby — This interesting surname is an English locational name derived from Derby in either Derbyshire or Lancashire or from Darby in Lincolnshire. The name is in all cases derived from the Old Norse djur meaning a deer and byr meaning a farm or… … Surnames reference
darby — I. ˈdärbē noun ( es) Etymology: probably from the name Derby or Darby 1. : a plasterer s float consisting of a long narrow strip of wood with two handles 2. : a trowel with a handle elevated above the blade for use as a darby II. tr … Useful english dictionary