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cross-coupling term

См. также в других словарях:

  • Coupling reaction — A coupling reaction in organic chemistry is a catch all term for a variety of reactions where two hydrocarbon fragments are coupled with the aid of a metal catalyst. In one important reaction type a main group organometallic compound of the type… …   Wikipedia

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  • Physical Sciences — ▪ 2009 Introduction Scientists discovered a new family of superconducting materials and obtained unique images of individual hydrogen atoms and of a multiple exoplanet system. Europe completed the Large Hadron Collider, and China and India took… …   Universalium

  • Normal mode — For other types of mode, see Mode (disambiguation). Vibration of a single normal mode of a circular disc with a pinned boundary condition along the entire outer edge. See other modes. A normal mode of an oscillating system is a pattern of motio …   Wikipedia

  • Zernike polynomials — Plots of the values in the unit disk.In mathematics, the Zernike polynomials are a sequence of polynomials that are orthogonal on the unit disk. Named after Frits Zernike, they play an important role in geometrical optics. DefinitionsThere are… …   Wikipedia

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  • Photoconductive atomic force microscopy — (pc AFM) is a scientific technique.. Multi layer photovoltaic cells have gained popularity since mid 1980s.[1] At the time, research was primarily focused on single layer photovoltaic (PV) devices between two electrodes, in which PV properties… …   Wikipedia

  • Decarboxylation — is a chemical reaction that releases carbon dioxide (CO2). Usually, decarboxylation refers to a reaction of carboxylic acids, removing a carbon atom from a carbon chain. The reverse process, which is the first chemical step in photosynthesis, is… …   Wikipedia

  • H-infinity methods in control theory — H ∞ (i.e. H infinity ) methods are used in control theory to synthesize controllers achieving robust performance or stabilization. To use H ∞ methods, a control designer expresses the control problem as a mathematical optimization problem and… …   Wikipedia

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