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computing+engineer

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21 knowledge

knowledge ['nɒlɪdʒ]

noun

(a) (learning) connaissance f, savoir m; (total learning) connaissances fpl;

∎ she has a good knowledge of English elle a une bonne connaissance de l'anglais;

∎ he has a basic knowledge of computing il a un minimum de connaissances en informatique;

∎ to have a thorough knowledge of sth connaître qch à fond;

∎ proverb knowledge is power savoir c'est pouvoir

(b) (awareness) connaissance f;

∎ I have no knowledge of what happened je ne sais absolument rien de ou j'ignore totalement ce qui s'est passé;

∎ it has come to my knowledge that... j'ai appris que...;

∎ he brought the theft to my knowledge il a porté le vol à ma connaissance, il m'a fait part du vol;

∎ to (the best of) my knowledge (pour) autant que je sache, à ma connaissance;

∎ not to my knowledge pas que je sache;

∎ without my knowledge à mon insu, sans que je le sache;

∎ it's (a matter of) common knowledge c'est de notoriété publique, personne ne l'ignore

►► Computing knowledge base base f de connaissances;

Computing knowledge engineer cogniticien(enne) m,f

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > knowledge
22 process

process

1 noun ['prəʊses]

(a) (series of events, operation) processus m;

∎ the ageing process le processus de vieillissement;

∎ the democratic process le processus démocratique;

∎ the peace process le processus de paix;

∎ by a process of elimination en procédant par élimination;

∎ to be in the process of doing sth être en train de faire qch;

∎ in the process of speaking to him, I found out that his wife was dead c'est en lui parlant que j'ai appris que sa femme était morte;

∎ they're in the process of getting a divorce ils sont en instance de divorce;

∎ the building is in the process of being repaired le bâtiment est en cours de réparation;

∎ in the process of time avec le temps, à la longue;

∎ he lost most of his friends in the process il a perdu presque tous ses amis en faisant cela;

∎ but you ruined the carpet in the process mais tu as abîmé la moquette par la même occasion;

∎ during the process of dismantling au cours du démontage;

∎ the work is in process le travail est en cours

(b) Technology (industrial) procédé m; (chemical) réaction f; Typography & Photography procédés mpl photomécaniques; Computing procédé m, opération f, traitement m

(c) Law procès m, action f en justice; (summons) sommation f de comparaître;

∎ by due process of law par voies légales

(d) Biology (outgrowth) processus m

2 transitive verb ['prəʊses]

(a) (transform → raw materials) traiter, transformer; (→ cheese, meat, milk) traiter; (→ nuclear waste) retraiter; Computing (data) traiter

(b) Administration & Commerce (deal with → order, information, cheque) traiter;

∎ my insurance claim is still being processed ma déclaration de sinistre est toujours en cours de règlement;

∎ we process thousands of applications every week nous traitons des milliers de demandes chaque semaine;

∎ your request is being processed votre demande est en cours de traitement

(c) Law (person) intenter un procès à, poursuivre (en justice)

(d) Photography développer

(e) figurative (come to terms with) faire face à

3 intransitive verb

[prə'ses] (march) défiler; Religion défiler en procession;

∎ the bishops processed slowly down the aisle la procession des évêques avançait lentement dans l'allée centrale

►► Photography process camera tireuse f optique;

Computing & Typography process colours impression f en quadrichromie;

process engineer ingénieur m en procédés;

process engineering ingénierie f de procédés;

process printing impression f en couleurs

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > process
23 circuit

1) сеть

2) кругооборот
3) циркуляционный
4) циркуляционный контур
5) <tech.> цепь
6) схема
7) поток
8) неупорядоченный цикл
9) оборудование
10) обход
11) схемный
12) выключатель
– absorption circuit
– alarm circuit
– alternating-current circuit
– analog circuit
– analogous circuit
– AND-to OR circuit
– AND-to-AND circuit
– antenna circuit
– anti-coincidence circuit
– anticoincidence circuit
– antihunt circuit
– arm circuit
– arm of circuit
– astable circuit
– balanced circuit
– balancing of a circuit
– band-elimination circuit
– be in traffic circuit
– bias circuit
– bipartite circuit
– blanking circuit
– blocking circuit
– boosted circuit
– bootstrap circuit
– braking circuit
– breadboard circuit
– break in circuit
– bridge circuit
– built-up circuit
– carry circuit
– cascode circuit
– cathode-coupled circuit
– checking circuit
– circuit algebra
– circuit analysis
– circuit breaker
– circuit capacitance
– circuit card
– circuit closer
– circuit closure
– circuit continuity
– circuit design
– circuit diagram
– circuit element
– circuit grade
– circuit matrix
– circuit noise
– circuit order
– circuit switching
– circuit technology
– circuit tester
– circuit theory
– circuit time
– circuit wiring
– clipper-limiter circuit
– closed circuit
– coding circuit
– coincidence circuit
– communication circuit
– comparison circuit
– compensating circuit
– complete circuit
– composite circuit
– control circuit
– conveyer circuit
– cord circuit
– corrector circuit
– counting circuit
– coupled circuit
– cryotron circuit
– current circuit
– cut in circuit
– de-emphasis circuit
– de-energize circuit
– dead circuit
– decoding circuit
– deemphasis circuit
– deenergizing circuit
– delay circuit
– derivation circuit
– derived circuit
– differentiating circuit
– digital circuit
– direct-current circuit
– disabling circuit
– discharge circuit
– distributed-parameter circuit
– divide-by-two circuit
– dividing circuit
– doubling circuit
– draw up circuit
– drive circuit
– dual circuit
– earth-return circuit
– electronic circuit
– enabling circuit
– energizing circuit
– engineer's circuit
– equalize circuit
– equivalent circuit
– excitation circuit
– exciting circuit
– exclusive OR circuit
– extend circuit
– feedback circuit
– ferroresonance circuit
– filament circuit
– finite circuit
– forward circuit
– gang circuit
– gate circuit
– ground circuit
– grounded-cathode circuit
– grounded-emitter circuit
– grounded-grid circuit
– guard circuit
– halving circuit
– high-frequency circuit
– high-speed circuit
– high-tension circuit
– hold a circuit
– hold circuit
– hybrid circuit
– idler circuit
– ignition circuit
– impulse circuit
– inclusive OR circuit
– incomplete circuit
– information circuit
– inhibit circuit
– injection circuit
– inland circuit
– inoperative circuit
– input circuit
– insulate circuit
– integrated circuit
– integrating circuit
– interruption of circuit
– interstage circuit
– inverter circuit
– isolating circuit
– isolation circuit
– keying circuit
– ladder circuit
– level circuit
– line circuit
– linear circuit
– linearity circuit
– load circuit
– local circuit
– logic circuit
– made circuit
– magnetic circuit
– main circuit
– marking circuit
– matrix circuit
– measuring circuit
– memory circuit
– metering circuit
– micrologic circuit
– microminiature circuit
– microprinted circuit
– microvave circuit
– mixing circuit
– mnemonic circuit
– modular circuit
– modulator circuit
– monitoring circuit
– monolithic circuit
– multichip circuit
– multifunction circuit
– multiple circuit
– multiplex circuit
– multiply-by-two circuit
– multiplying circuit
– multistable circuit
– narrow-gate circuit
– network circuit
– non-coincidence circuit
– nonlinear circuit
– NOR logic circuit
– NOT AND circuit
– not circuit
– NOT OR circuit
– NOT-AND circuit
– obtain circuit
– off-centering circuit
– open circuit
– open-wire circuit
– opposition circuit
– OR circuit
– OR-to-AND circuit
– OR-to-OR circuit
– oscillatory circuit
– output circuit
– parallel circuit
– parasitic circuit
– passive circuit
– period-computing circuit
– phantom circuit
– physical circuit
– planar circuit
– plank-magnetic circuit
– plated circuit
– polyphase circuit
– potted circuit
– power circuit
– primary circuit
– principle circuit
– printed circuit
– protect circuit
– protection circuit
– pulmonary circuit
– pulse-actuated circuit
– pulse-generating circuit
– pump circuit
– push-pull circuit
– radiotelephone circuit
– read circuit
– reciprocal circuit
– regenerative circuit
– reheat circuit
– rejecter circuit
– relaxation circuit
– reset circuit
– resistive circuit
– resonance circuit
– resonant circuit
– response of circuit
– return circuit
– ring-bus circuit
– ring-down circuit
– ringdown circuit
– safety circuit
– scale-of-five circuit
– scale-of-ten circuit
– scale-of-two circuit
– scaling circuit
– schematic circuit
– secondary circuit
– see-saw circuit
– seize a circuit
– self-exciting circuit
– semibutterfly circuit
– separation circuit
– sequence circuit
– sequential circuit
– series circuit
– shift circuit
– short circuit
– side circuit
– simplexed circuit
– single-channel circuit
– single-core circuit
– single-ended circuit
– single-wire circuit
– sling circuit
– software circuit
– solid-state circuit
– squaring circuit
– squelch circuit
– stabilizing circuit
– staggered circuit
– starting circuit
– steam-generating circuit
– stick circuit
– storage circuit
– subtraction circuit
– sweep circuit
– switch circuit
– switching circuit
– symmetrical circuit
– sync circuit
– synchronizing circuit
– systemic circuit
– talking circuit
– tank circuit
– tapped circuit
– telephone circuit
– testing circuit
– thick-film circuit
– thin-film circuit
– three-phase circuit
– through circuit
– timer circuit
– totem-pole-type circuit
– track circuit
– transfer circuit
– transistor circuit
– trap circuit
– voltage-doubling circuit
– water-slurry circuit
– water-steam circuit
– welding circuit
– write circuit

alignment of tuned circuit — < radio> подстройка контура

analog integrated circuit — аналоговая микросхема, аналоговая интегральная микросхема

antenna tuned circuit — антенный контур

aperiodic oscillatory circuit — колебательный апериодический

automatic circuit breaker — автомат защиты сети, выключатель автоматический

automatic circuit recloser — автомат повторного включения

automatic gain control circuit — АРУ

bridge-type balancing circuit — <electr.> схема мостовая компенсационная

bring into circuit — вводить в цепь

circuit chief's desk — стол измерительный и испытательный

circuit outage time — время простоя канала цепи связи

circuit under test — проверяемая ИС

close circuit conductively — замыкать цепь гальванически

closed circuit working — работа по схеме постоянного тока

closed track circuit — нормально-замкнутая рельсовая цепь

coding storage circuit — кодирующая запасающая схема

composite magnetic circuit — сложный магнитопровод

computerized circuit analysis — машинный анализ цепей

contactor controls a circuit — контактор коммутирует цепь

core-type magnetic circuit — магнитопровод стержневого типа

deposited integrated circuit — осажденная интегральная схема

digital integrated circuit — цифровая микросхема, цифровая ИМС

diode logic circuit — диодная логическая схема

diode logical circuit — диодная логическая схема

directly-coupled transistor circuit — схема с непосредственной связью на полупроводниковых триодах

double flip-flop circuit — <comput.> схема двухперекидная

double phantom circuit — суперфантомная цепь

double-rail track circuit — < railways> цепь рельсовая двухниточная

error indicating circuit — схема обнаружения ошибок

external load circuit — цепь внешней нагрузки

ferroresonant computing circuit — феррорезонансная вычислительная схема

film integrated circuit — пленочная микросхема, пленочная интегральная микросхема

gas-blast circuit breaker — выключатель с газовым дутьем, выключатель автокомпрессионный элегазовый

generating-station circuit break — генераторный выключатель

grid tuned circuit — сеточный контур

ground return circuit — цепь возврата через землю

half-wave track circuit — импульсная рельсовая цепь < railways>

Hartley oscillator circuit — индуктивная схема трехточки

hold circuit alive — держать цепь под напряжением

hybrid integrated circuit — гибридная микросхема, гибридная интегральная микросхема

input tuned circuit — входной контур

integrated circuit amplifier — усилитель на интегральных схемах

integrated circuit chip — чип с интегральными схемами

integrated circuit component — компонент интегральной схемы

integrated circuit gate — интегральный вентиль

integrated circuit module — интегральный модуль

integrated circuit package — корпус ИМС

integrated circuit resistor — резистор ИМС

integrated circuit substrate — подложка интегральной схемы

inter-train radio circuit — внутрипоездная радиосвязь

large-scale integration circuit — большая интегральная микросхема

lease wire circuit — арендованная цепь

line circuit breaker — линейный выключатель

linear integrated circuit — линейная микросхема

loop circuit signaling — передача импульсов двухпроводная

meter-reading access circuit — схема вывода показаний измерительного прибора

microprocessor integrated circuit — микропроцессорная интегральная микросхема

microwave integrated circuit — интегральная схема СВЧ диапазона, сверхвысокочастотная ИМС

monolithic integrated circuit — полупроводниковая микросхема

multipath magnetic circuit — разветвленный магнитопровод

multitank oil circuit breaker — камерный масляный выключатель

node of electric circuit — узел электрической цепи

ones complement circuit — схема дополнения до нуля

output tuned circuit — выходной контур

overcurrent circuit breaker — максимальный выключатель

packaged integrated circuit — микросхема в корпусе

place in the anode circuit — включать в анод

plate tuned circuit — анодный контур

primary circuit bus — шина первичной цепи

primary drive circuit — цепь передней передачи

primary tuned circuit — первичный контур

printed circuit board — печатная плата

pulse retardation circuit — схема задержки импульсов

reactance control circuit — управитель частоты

reclose circuit breaker — включать выключатель повторно

route release circuit — цепь размыкания маршрутов

sample and hold circuit — схема выборки и хранения

secondary circuit bus — шина вторичной цепи

secondary tuned circuit — вторичный контур

semiconducnor integrated circuit — полупроводниковая интегральная микросхема

series track circuit — < railways> цепь рельсовая конденсаторная

shell-type magnetic circuit — магнитопровод броневого типа

short circuit current — <electr.> ток короткого замыкания

short-haul toll circuit — линия пригородная

single tube circuit — циркуляционный простой контур

single-path magnetic circuit — неразветвленный магнитопровод

single-rail track circuit — однониточная рельсовая цепь, < railways> цепь рельсовая однониточная

single-shot trigger circuit — одноразовая пусковая схема

single-tank oil circuit breaker — баковый масляный выключатель

solid circuit filter — твердотельный фильтр

solid-state circuit component — твердотельный компонент

switch breaks circuit — выключатель размыкает цепь

switch makes circuit — выключатель замыкает цепь

take circuit for testing — брать цепь на поверку

thick-film integrated circuit — толстопленочная микросхема

thin-film integrated circuit — тонкопленочная микросхема

traction motor circuit — цепь тяговых двигателей

transfer circuit breaker — автомат включения резерва

trigger countdown circuit — делитель частоты запуска

turn-to-turn short circuit — междувитковое короткое замыкание

unloaded tuned circuit — колебательный одиночный контур

unpackaged integrated circuit — бескорпусная микросхема

Англо-русский технический словарь > circuit
24 service

service ['sɜ:vɪs]

1 noun

(a) (to friend, community, country, God) service m;

∎ in the service of God/one's country au service de Dieu/sa patrie;

∎ he was rewarded for services rendered to industry/to his country il a été récompensé pour services rendus à l'industrie/à son pays;

∎ to require the services of a priest/of a doctor avoir recours aux services d'un prêtre/d'un médecin;

∎ many people gave their services free beaucoup de gens donnaient des prestations bénévoles;

∎ to offer one's services proposer ses services;

∎ for services rendered pour services rendus;

∎ at your service à votre service, à votre disposition;

∎ to be of service to sb rendre service à qn, être utile à qn;

∎ can I be of service (to you)? puis-je vous aider ou vous être utile?; (in shop) qu'y a-t-il pour votre service?;

∎ she's always ready to be of service elle est très serviable, elle est toujours prête à rendre service;

∎ the jug had to do service as a teapot le pichet a dû faire office de ou servir de théière;

∎ to do sb a service rendre (un) service à qn;

∎ he did me a great service by not telling them il m'a rendu un grand service en ne leur disant rien;

∎ the car has given us/has seen good service la voiture nous a bien servi/a fait long usage

(b) (working order → of machine) service m;

∎ to bring or put a machine into service mettre une machine en service;

∎ to come into service (system, bridge) entrer en service;

∎ the cash dispenser isn't in service at the moment le distributeur automatique de billets est hors service ou n'est pas en service en ce moment

(c) (employment → in firm) service m;

∎ twenty years' service with the same company vingt ans de service dans la même entreprise;

∎ bonuses depend on length of service les primes sont versées en fonction de l'ancienneté

(d) old-fashioned (as domestic servant) service;

∎ to be in service être domestique;

∎ to go into or to enter sb's service entrer au service de qn

(e) (in shop, hotel, restaurant) service m;

∎ the food was good but the service was poor on a bien mangé mais le service n'était pas à la hauteur;

∎ you get fast service in a supermarket on est servi rapidement dans un supermarché;

∎ 10 percent service included/not included (on bill, menu) service 10 pour cent compris/non compris;

∎ 10 percent is added for service (on bill, menu) service 10 pour cent non compris;

∎ service with a smile (slogan) servi avec le sourire

(f) Military service m;

∎ he saw active service in Korea il a servi en Corée, il a fait la campagne de Corée;

∎ fit/unfit for service apte/inapte au service;

∎ Nautical service afloat/ashore service m à bord/à terre;

∎ the services les (différentes branches des) forces fpl armées;

∎ their son is in the services leur fils est dans les forces armées

(g) (department, scheme) service m;

∎ bus/train service service m d'autobus/de trains;

∎ postal/telephone services services mpl postaux/téléphoniques;

∎ a new 24-hour banking service un nouveau service bancaire fonctionnant 24 heures sur 24;

∎ a bus provides a service between the two stations un autobus assure la navette entre les deux gares

(h) Religion (Catholic) service m, office m; (Protestant) service m, culte m;

∎ to attend (a) service assister à l'office ou au culte

(i) (of car, machine → upkeep) entretien m; (→ overhaul) révision f;

∎ the car is due for its 20,000 mile service la voiture arrive à la révision des 32 000 km

(j) (set of tableware) service m

(k) Sport service m;

∎ Smith broke his opponent's service Smith a pris le service de son adversaire ou a fait le break

(l) Law (of summons, writ) signification f, notification f;

∎ service of documents signification f d'actes

(m) (tree) alisier m, sorbier m

2 compound-forming noun

(a) (entrance, hatch, stairs) de service

(b) Cars & Technology (manual, history, record) d'entretien

(c) Military (family, pay) de militaire; (conditions) dans les forces armées

3 transitive verb

(a) (overhaul → central heating, car) réviser;

∎ to have one's car serviced faire réviser sa voiture;

∎ the car has been regularly serviced la voiture a été régulièrement entretenue

(b) Finance (debt) assurer le service de

(c) (supply needs of) pourvoir aux besoins de

(d) Agriculture (of bull, stallion) couvrir, servir

4 services plural noun

(a) British (on motorway) aire f de service

(b) Commerce & Economics services mpl;

∎ goods and services biens mpl et services mpl;

∎ more and more people will be working in services de plus en plus de gens travailleront dans le tertiaire

►► American service academy école f militaire;

service agreement contrat m de service;

service area Cars (on motorway) aire f de service; Television & Radio zone f desservie ou de réception;

Cars service bay (in garage) zone f de travail;

service bell (in hotel) sonnette f (pour appeler un employé de l'hôtel);

Computing service bureau société f de traitement à façon;

Australian & New Zealand service bus autocar m;

Australian & New Zealand service car autocar m;

Aviation service ceiling plafond m de fonctionnement normal;

American Cars service center aire f de services (au bord d'une autoroute);

service charge service m;

∎ they've forgotten to include the service charge on the bill ils ont oublié de facturer le service;

American service club club m à vocation caritative;

service company entreprise f prestataire de services;

service court (in tennis) rectangle m de service;

service engineer technicien(enne) m,f de maintenance;

service fault (in tennis) faute f de service;

service fee prestation f de service;

British service flat = appartement avec services ménagers et de restauration;

service game (in tennis) jeu m de service;

service hatch passe-plat m;

service industry industrie f de services;

service life durée f de vie;

British service lift monte-charge m;

service line (in tennis) ligne f de service;

Astronomy service module module m de service;

Military service personnel personnel m militaire;

American service plaza relais m;

service provider (person, company) prestataire m de service(s); Computing (for Internet) fournisseur m d'accès;

Military service rifle fusil m réglementaire ou de l'armée;

service road (behind shops, factory) = voie d'accès réservée aux livreurs; (on motorway) = voie d'accès réservée à l'entretien et aux services d'urgence;

Commerce & Economics service sector secteur m tertiaire, tertiaire m;

service station station-service f;

Botany service tree alisier m, sorbier m;

Military service vehicle véhicule m militaire ou de l'armée

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > service
25 Strachey, Christopher

SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology

[br]

b. 16 November 1916 England

d. 18 May 1975 Oxford, England

[br]

English physicist and computer engineer who proposed time-sharing as a more efficient means of using a mainframe computer.

[br]

After education at Gresham's School, London, Strachey went to King's College, Cambridge, where he completed an MA. In 1937 he took up a post as a physicist at the Standard Telephone and Cable Company, then during the Second World War he was involved in radar research. In 1944 he became an assistant master at St Edmunds School, Canterbury, moving to Harrow School in 1948. Another change of career in 1951 saw him working as a Technical Officer with the National Research and Development Corporation, where he was involved in computer software and hardware design. From 1958 until 1962 he was an independent consultant in computer design, and during this time (1959) he realized that as mainframe computers were by then much faster than their human operators, their efficiency could be significantly increased by "time-sharing" the tasks of several operators in rapid succession. Strachey made many contributions to computer technology, being variously involved in the design of the Manchester University MkI, Elliot and Ferranti Pegasus computers. In 1962 he joined Cambridge University Mathematics Laboratory as a senior research fellow at Churchill College and helped to develop the programming language CPL. After a brief period as Visiting Lecturer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, he returned to the UK in 1966 as Reader in Computation and Fellow of Wolfeon College, Oxford, to establish a programming research group. He remained there until his death.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Distinguished Fellow of the British Computer Society 1972.

Bibliography

1961, with M.R.Wilkes, "Some proposals for improving the efficiency of Algol 60", Communications of the ACM 4:488.

1966, "Systems analysis and programming", Scientific American 25:112. 1976, with R.E.Milne, A Theory of Programming Language Semantics.

Further Reading

J.Alton, 1980, Catalogue of the Papers of C. Strachey 1916–1975.

M.Campbell-Kelly, 1985, "Christopher Strachey 1916–1975. A biographical note", Annals of the History of Computing 7:19.

M.R.Williams, 1985, A History of Computing Technology, London: Prentice-Hall.

See also: Wilkes, Maurice Vincent; Williams, Sir Frederic Calland

KF

Biographical history of technology > Strachey, Christopher
26 Zuse, Konrad

SUBJECT AREA: Electronics and information technology

[br]

b. 22 June 1910 Berlin, Germany

[br]

German civil engineer who developed a series of computers before, during and after the Second World War.

[br]

Zuse grew up in Braunsberg, then in East Prussia, and attended the Technische Hochschule at Berlin-Charlottenburg to study civil engineering. In 1934 he became interested in calculatingmachines and the pursuit of a career in aeronautical engineering. Two years later, having taken a post as a statistician, in his spare time he built a mechanical computer, which he called Z1; for this he used two-state mechanical switches and punched-tape for the program input. This was followed by the design for Z2, which used electromechanical relays.

Called to military service in 1939, he was soon sent to the Henschel aircraft factory, where he completed Z2. Between 1939 and 1941 the German Aeronautical Research Institute supported his development of Z3, which used 2,600 relays and a keyboard input. Taken into immediate use by the aircraft industry, both it and its predecessors were destroyed in air raids. Z4, completed towards the end of the war and using mechanical memory, survived, and with improvements was used in Switzerland until 1960. Other achievements by Zuse included a machine to perform logical calculations (LI) and his Plankalkul, one of the first computer languages. In 1950, with two friends, he formed the Zuse KG company near Bad Hersfeld, Essen, and his first Z5 relay computer was sold to Leitz in 1952. A series of machines followed, a milestone in 1958 being the first transistorized machine, Z22, of which over 200 were made. Finally, in 1969, the company was absorbed by Siemens AG and Zuse returned to scientific research.

[br]

Principal Honours and Distinctions

Honorary Doctorate Berlin Technical University 1960. Honorary Professor Göttingen University 1960.

Bibliography

11 April 1936, German patent no. Z23 1391X/42M. 16 June 1941, German patent no. Z391.

1 August 1949, German patent no. 50,746.

1993, The Computer: My Life, Berlin: SpringerVerlag (autobiography).

Further Reading

P.E.Ceruzzi, 1981, "The early computers of Konrad Zuse 1935–45", Annals of the History of Computing 3:241.

M.R.Williams, 1985, A History of Computing Technology, London: Prentice-Hall.

See also: Stibitz, George R.

KF

Biographical history of technology > Zuse, Konrad
27 CCE

1) Общая лексика: Current Control Estimate (SEIC)

2) Медицина: Clinical Care Extender

3) Военный термин: Chief of Communications/Electronics, Chief, Corps of Engineers, Contingency Communications Element, combat communications equipment, combat control element, command control equipment, commercial construction equipment, communications control equipment

4) Техника: Chief Construction Engineer, Consultative Committee for Electricity, charge composition Explorer, computer command engineer

5) Юридический термин: Continuing Criminal Enterprise, непрерывная преступная деятельность

6) Сокращение: Combat Contingency Element

7) Вычислительная техника: Connection Control Entity, (visual basic) Control Creation Edition (VB, ActiveX, MS)

8) Экология: carbon chloroform extract

9) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Current Control Estimate (сах), Current Control Estimate

10) Менеджмент: current control estimate or contract control estimate

11) Образование: Certified Childbirth Educator, Crystal City Evening Toastmasters Club

12) Сетевые технологии: Collaborative Communications Environment, Collaborative Computing Environment, среда совместных вычислений

13) Контроль качества: complex control equipment

14) Должность: Certified Computer Examiner, Computer Communication Engineering, Customised Conditions Of Employment

15) NYSE. Coca Cola Enterprises, Inc.

16) Хобби: Certified Coin Exchange

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > CCE
28 sound

sound [saʊnd]

1. noun

son m ; [of sea, storm, breaking glass] bruit m

• the speed of sound la vitesse du son

• without a sound sans bruit

• we heard the sound of voices nous avons entendu un bruit de voix

• I don't like the sound of it ( = it's worrying) je n'aime pas ça

2. intransitive verb

   a. [bell] sonner ; [car horn, siren, trumpet] retentir

• it sounds better if you read it slowly c'est mieux si vous le lisez lentement

   b. ( = suggest by sound) it sounds empty (au son) on dirait que c'est vide

• a language which sounded like Dutch une langue qui ressemblait à du hollandais

• he sounds Australian à l'entendre parler on dirait un Australien

• it sounded as if someone was coming in on aurait dit que quelqu'un entrait

• she sounds tired elle semble fatiguée

• you sound like your mother on croirait entendre ta mère

• you sound terrible tu as l'air vraiment mal en point

   c. ( = seem) sembler (être)

• that sounds like an excuse cela ressemble à une excuse

• how does it sound to you? qu'en penses-tu ?

• it sounds like a good idea ça semble être une bonne idée

• it sounds as if she isn't coming j'ai l'impression qu'elle ne viendra pas

3. transitive verb

sonner ; [+ trumpet] sonner de

• to sound one's horn klaxonner

• to sound a note of warning lancer un avertissement

4. adjective

   a. sain ; [structure] en bon état ; [heart, organization] solide ; [investment] sûr

• of sound mind sain d'esprit

• to be as sound as a bell être en parfait état

   b. [argument, evidence] solide ; [decision, advice, idea] sensé

• he is sound enough on theory... il connaît très bien la théorie...

• sound sense bon sens m

• ecologically sound écologique

   c. [sleep] profond

• he is a sound sleeper il a un bon sommeil

5. adverb

• to be sound asleep dormir à poings fermés

6. compounds

[recording] sonore

► sound barrier noun mur m du son

• to break the sound barrier franchir le mur du son ► sound bite noun petite phrase f (prononcée par un homme politique et citée dans les médias)

► sound card noun (Computing) carte f son

► sound effects plural noun (Radio) bruitage m

► sound engineer noun ingénieur m du son

► sound library noun bibliothèque f sonore, phonothèque f

► sound system noun ( = hi-fi) chaîne f hi-fi ; (for disco, concert) sono (inf) f

► sound stage noun (Recording, TV, cinema) salle f de tournage

► sound wave noun onde f sonore

► sound off (inf) intransitive verb

( = proclaim one's opinions) faire de grands laïus (inf) ( about sur)

► sound out inseparable transitive verb

[+ person] sonder ( about sur)

* * *
[saʊnd] 1.
noun

1) Physics, Television, Radio son m

2) ( noise) gen bruit m; (of bell, instrument, voice) son m

a grating sound — un grincement

without a sound — sans bruit

3) fig ( impression from hearsay)

a 24 hour flight? I don't like the sound of that! — un vol de 24 heures? cela ne me tente pas!; ( when situation is threatening)

a reorganization? I don't like the sound of that — une restructuration? ça m'inquiète

by the sound of it — d'après ce qu'on a dit

he was in a bad temper that day, by the sound of it — il semble que ce jour-là il ait été de mauvaise humeur

4) Medicine sonde f

5) Geography détroit m

6) Music

the Motown sound — le style de Motown
2.
noun modifier Television, Radio [ engineer] du son
3.
adjective

1) ( in good condition) [building, heart, constitution] solide; [lungs] sain; [health] bon/bonne

of sound mind — sain d'esprit

2) ( well-founded) gen solide; [judgment] sain; [sleep] profond

some sound advice — un bon conseil

he has a sound grasp of the basic grammar — il a une bonne compréhension des bases grammaticales

a sound move — une décision or démarche avisée

3) ( of good character)

he's very sound — on peut avoir confiance en lui

4) Finance, Commerce [investment] bon/bonne, sûr; [management] sain

5) (correct, acceptable)

that is sound economics — du point de vue économique, c'est très sensé

our products are ecologically sound — nos produits ne nuisent pas à l'environnement

she's politically sound — elle a des idées politiques de bon ton
4.
transitive verb

1) faire retentir [siren]

to sound one's horn — klaxonner; lit, fig

to sound the alarm — sonner l'alarme

2) Music, Military gen sonner

3) Linguistics prononcer [letter] (in de)

4) ( express) donner [warning]

to sound a note of caution — lancer un appel à la prudence
5.
intransitive verb

1) ( seem) sembler

it sounds as if he's really in trouble — il semble qu'il ait vraiment des ennuis

it sounds dangerous — ça a l'air dangereux

it doesn't sound to me as if she's interested — je ne pense pas qu'elle soit intéressée

2) ( give impression by voice or tone)

to sound banal/boring — paraître banal/ennuyeux

you make it sound interesting — à t'écouter ça à l'air intéressant

you sound as if you've got a cold — on dirait que tu es enrhumé

you sound like my mother! — on dirait ma mère qui parle!

I don't want to sound pessimistic — je ne voudrais pas avoir l'air pessimiste

spell it as it sounds — écris-le comme ça se prononce

3) ( convey impression) faire

she calls herself Geraldine - it sounds more sophisticated — elle se fait appeler Géraldine - ça fait plus sophistiqué

it may sound silly, but... — ça a peut-être l'air idiot, mais...

4) ( make a noise) gen sonner; [siren] hurler
6.
adverb

to be sound asleep — dormir à poings fermés

Phrasal Verbs:

- sound off

- sound out

English-French dictionary > sound
29 EC

1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Enzyme Classification, hum. сокр. Enzyme Commission, hum. сокр. Enzyme Conjugate, ЕС, (сокр. от) electronic communication = электронное общение (как новая технология в непрерывном обучении), Emergency Co-ordinator (SEIC)

2) Авиация: СД, electronic compartment, electronic control

3) Медицина: erythrocyte concentrate (эритроцитарная масса)

4) Американизм: Election Commission

5) Военный термин: Eastern Command, Economic Committee, Education Center, Elimination Communication, Embedded Computer, Enemy Capability, Engineering Corps, Entry Course, European Command, Expenditure Center, electromagnetic compatibility, electronic coding, electronic combat, electronic countermeasures, elevation console, elevation correction, emergency capability, emergency commission, emergency coordinator, engagement controller, engineering change, engineering construction, environment control, equipment category, equipment condition, equipment contract, escort convoy, evacuation center, executive committee, executive council, exercise commander, experimentation center, experimentation command, extension course, extra costs

6) Техника: earth current, edge connector, effective conductivity, electric current, electromagnetic combat, electron coupling, electron-coupled, electronic calibration, electronic comparator, electronic conductivity, electronic counter, electronics and control, electronics chassis, electrostatic collector, emergency communicator, emission color, emission current, emulsifiable concentrate, enamel covered, enamel single-cotton insulation, encoder coupler, enforcement coordinator, environmental chamber, evaluation center, experiment computer, extended control, extended control mode, external cavity, электрохромный, electrochromic

7) Сельское хозяйство: exchange capacity, КЭ (напр., в названиях препаративных форм пестицидов), концентрат эмульсии

8) Шутливое выражение: Entertaining Comics

9) Химия: Electron Capture, Ethyl Carbonate

10) Математика: Edge Constraint, Equivalence Checking, внесение поправки (error correcting), исправление ошибки (error correcting), окончательная оценка (estimation at completion)

11) Бухгалтерия: Electronic Cash, Electronic Check, Extra Cheap

12) Автомобильный термин: engine control

13) Грубое выражение: Eleven Or Craps, Evil Cunt

14) Кино: дополнительные материалы на DVD дисках (Enhanced Content)

15) Оптика: electrically conducting

16) Политика: Европейское сообщество (European Communities)

17) Радио: Extended C, расширенный диапазон С

18) Телекоммуникации: Echo Canceling, Enhanced Cellular

19) Сокращение: Civil aircraft marking (Spain), Earth Coverage antenna, Ecuador (NATO country code), Education Committee, Electricity Council, Electrochemical Capacitor, Electronic Combat (formerly ECM), Electronic Commerce, Electronics & Countermeasures, Engineer Captain, Environmental Control, Episcopal Church, Error Correcting, Established Church, European Community, Evolutionary Computing, Exchange Carrier, Energy Conserving (смазочные материалы)

20) Университет: Education Code, Engineering Center, English Composition, Extra Credit

21) Физиология: Emergency Contraception

22) Электроника: Electrical Conductivities, Electro Conductivity, Electronic Chart, Electronic Communications, Embedded Controller, Equipment Controller, Error Counter

23) Вычислительная техника: education computer, electronic conference, Error Correction (MODEM), Exchange Carrier (Telephony), контроль ошибок

24) Нефть: Ethyl Centralite

25) Генетика: enzyme classification, КФ

26) Биохимия: Enterochromaffin Cells, Esterified Cholesterol

27) Банковское дело: еврочек (eurocheck), Eurocard (кредитная карточка, выпускаемая международной организацией Eurocard через банки различных стран.)

28) Биотехнология: Endothelial cell

29) Транспорт: Engine Controller, Englewood Connecting

30) Парфюмерия: Европейское сообщество

31) Фирменный знак: ESC Electronics

32) Экология: Environment Canada, effective concentration

33) Деловая лексика: Energy Conservation, Exit Criteria, Европейское экономическое сообщество (European Communities)

34) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Environment Comity, environmental committee, excentric, эффективная концентрация

35) Образование: Early Childhood

36) Инвестиции: eurocheck

37) Сетевые технологии: European Commission, error checking, error control, error correction

38) Полимеры: electronically controlled, ethyl cellulose

39) Программирование: Erase Character

40) Автоматика: eddy current

41) Сахалин Р: Ecocenter

42) Сахалин А: ECOcentre

43) Химическое оружие: (50) median effective concentration

44) Безопасность: Encryption Control

45) Нефть и газ: extended controller

46) Электротехника: electric(al) conductor, electrical conductivity, electrocoating, emergency conditions, emergency control, enameled copper, equipment compatibility

47) Имена и фамилии: Edgar Casey, Eugenia Collier

48) Майкрософт: для детей младшего возраста

49) ООН: Commission of the European Communities, Ethnic Cleansing

50) Должность: Eye Candy

51) Правительство: Eagle Creek, Elizabeth City

52) Международная торговля: Economic Cooperation

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > EC
30 Ec

1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Enzyme Classification, hum. сокр. Enzyme Commission, hum. сокр. Enzyme Conjugate, ЕС, (сокр. от) electronic communication = электронное общение (как новая технология в непрерывном обучении), Emergency Co-ordinator (SEIC)

2) Авиация: СД, electronic compartment, electronic control

3) Медицина: erythrocyte concentrate (эритроцитарная масса)

4) Американизм: Election Commission

5) Военный термин: Eastern Command, Economic Committee, Education Center, Elimination Communication, Embedded Computer, Enemy Capability, Engineering Corps, Entry Course, European Command, Expenditure Center, electromagnetic compatibility, electronic coding, electronic combat, electronic countermeasures, elevation console, elevation correction, emergency capability, emergency commission, emergency coordinator, engagement controller, engineering change, engineering construction, environment control, equipment category, equipment condition, equipment contract, escort convoy, evacuation center, executive committee, executive council, exercise commander, experimentation center, experimentation command, extension course, extra costs

6) Техника: earth current, edge connector, effective conductivity, electric current, electromagnetic combat, electron coupling, electron-coupled, electronic calibration, electronic comparator, electronic conductivity, electronic counter, electronics and control, electronics chassis, electrostatic collector, emergency communicator, emission color, emission current, emulsifiable concentrate, enamel covered, enamel single-cotton insulation, encoder coupler, enforcement coordinator, environmental chamber, evaluation center, experiment computer, extended control, extended control mode, external cavity, электрохромный, electrochromic

7) Сельское хозяйство: exchange capacity, КЭ (напр., в названиях препаративных форм пестицидов), концентрат эмульсии

8) Шутливое выражение: Entertaining Comics

9) Химия: Electron Capture, Ethyl Carbonate

10) Математика: Edge Constraint, Equivalence Checking, внесение поправки (error correcting), исправление ошибки (error correcting), окончательная оценка (estimation at completion)

11) Бухгалтерия: Electronic Cash, Electronic Check, Extra Cheap

12) Автомобильный термин: engine control

13) Грубое выражение: Eleven Or Craps, Evil Cunt

14) Кино: дополнительные материалы на DVD дисках (Enhanced Content)

15) Оптика: electrically conducting

16) Политика: Европейское сообщество (European Communities)

17) Радио: Extended C, расширенный диапазон С

18) Телекоммуникации: Echo Canceling, Enhanced Cellular

19) Сокращение: Civil aircraft marking (Spain), Earth Coverage antenna, Ecuador (NATO country code), Education Committee, Electricity Council, Electrochemical Capacitor, Electronic Combat (formerly ECM), Electronic Commerce, Electronics & Countermeasures, Engineer Captain, Environmental Control, Episcopal Church, Error Correcting, Established Church, European Community, Evolutionary Computing, Exchange Carrier, Energy Conserving (смазочные материалы)

20) Университет: Education Code, Engineering Center, English Composition, Extra Credit

21) Физиология: Emergency Contraception

22) Электроника: Electrical Conductivities, Electro Conductivity, Electronic Chart, Electronic Communications, Embedded Controller, Equipment Controller, Error Counter

23) Вычислительная техника: education computer, electronic conference, Error Correction (MODEM), Exchange Carrier (Telephony), контроль ошибок

24) Нефть: Ethyl Centralite

25) Генетика: enzyme classification, КФ

26) Биохимия: Enterochromaffin Cells, Esterified Cholesterol

27) Банковское дело: еврочек (eurocheck), Eurocard (кредитная карточка, выпускаемая международной организацией Eurocard через банки различных стран.)

28) Биотехнология: Endothelial cell

29) Транспорт: Engine Controller, Englewood Connecting

30) Парфюмерия: Европейское сообщество

31) Фирменный знак: ESC Electronics

32) Экология: Environment Canada, effective concentration

33) Деловая лексика: Energy Conservation, Exit Criteria, Европейское экономическое сообщество (European Communities)

34) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Environment Comity, environmental committee, excentric, эффективная концентрация

35) Образование: Early Childhood

36) Инвестиции: eurocheck

37) Сетевые технологии: European Commission, error checking, error control, error correction

38) Полимеры: electronically controlled, ethyl cellulose

39) Программирование: Erase Character

40) Автоматика: eddy current

41) Сахалин Р: Ecocenter

42) Сахалин А: ECOcentre

43) Химическое оружие: (50) median effective concentration

44) Безопасность: Encryption Control

45) Нефть и газ: extended controller

46) Электротехника: electric(al) conductor, electrical conductivity, electrocoating, emergency conditions, emergency control, enameled copper, equipment compatibility

47) Имена и фамилии: Edgar Casey, Eugenia Collier

48) Майкрософт: для детей младшего возраста

49) ООН: Commission of the European Communities, Ethnic Cleansing

50) Должность: Eye Candy

51) Правительство: Eagle Creek, Elizabeth City

52) Международная торговля: Economic Cooperation

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > Ec
31 NCE

1) Американизм: National Conference and Exhibition

2) Военный термин: nuclear capability exercise

3) Сокращение: National Computer Exchange, Navigation & Command Equipment, New Catholic Edition

4) Вычислительная техника: Nomadic Computing Environment (Tadpole)

5) Иммунология: нормохромные эритроциты

6) Образование: Normal Curve Equivalent

7) Сетевые технологии: Network Control and Exchange, командный файл NetWare, управление и обмен данными в сети

8) Фармация: New Chemical Entity (лекарственная субстанция с НЕИЗВЕСТНЫМИ клиническими, токсикологическими, физическими и химическими свойствами)

9) Должность: Narte Certified Engineer

10) NYSE. National Commerce Finance, New Century Energies, Inc.

11) Аэропорты: Nice, France

12) НАСА: National Centers of Excellence

13) Программное обеспечение: Norton Classic Editor

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > NCE
32 ec

1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Enzyme Classification, hum. сокр. Enzyme Commission, hum. сокр. Enzyme Conjugate, ЕС, (сокр. от) electronic communication = электронное общение (как новая технология в непрерывном обучении), Emergency Co-ordinator (SEIC)

2) Авиация: СД, electronic compartment, electronic control

3) Медицина: erythrocyte concentrate (эритроцитарная масса)

4) Американизм: Election Commission

5) Военный термин: Eastern Command, Economic Committee, Education Center, Elimination Communication, Embedded Computer, Enemy Capability, Engineering Corps, Entry Course, European Command, Expenditure Center, electromagnetic compatibility, electronic coding, electronic combat, electronic countermeasures, elevation console, elevation correction, emergency capability, emergency commission, emergency coordinator, engagement controller, engineering change, engineering construction, environment control, equipment category, equipment condition, equipment contract, escort convoy, evacuation center, executive committee, executive council, exercise commander, experimentation center, experimentation command, extension course, extra costs

6) Техника: earth current, edge connector, effective conductivity, electric current, electromagnetic combat, electron coupling, electron-coupled, electronic calibration, electronic comparator, electronic conductivity, electronic counter, electronics and control, electronics chassis, electrostatic collector, emergency communicator, emission color, emission current, emulsifiable concentrate, enamel covered, enamel single-cotton insulation, encoder coupler, enforcement coordinator, environmental chamber, evaluation center, experiment computer, extended control, extended control mode, external cavity, электрохромный, electrochromic

7) Сельское хозяйство: exchange capacity, КЭ (напр., в названиях препаративных форм пестицидов), концентрат эмульсии

8) Шутливое выражение: Entertaining Comics

9) Химия: Electron Capture, Ethyl Carbonate

10) Математика: Edge Constraint, Equivalence Checking, внесение поправки (error correcting), исправление ошибки (error correcting), окончательная оценка (estimation at completion)

11) Бухгалтерия: Electronic Cash, Electronic Check, Extra Cheap

12) Автомобильный термин: engine control

13) Грубое выражение: Eleven Or Craps, Evil Cunt

14) Кино: дополнительные материалы на DVD дисках (Enhanced Content)

15) Оптика: electrically conducting

16) Политика: Европейское сообщество (European Communities)

17) Радио: Extended C, расширенный диапазон С

18) Телекоммуникации: Echo Canceling, Enhanced Cellular

19) Сокращение: Civil aircraft marking (Spain), Earth Coverage antenna, Ecuador (NATO country code), Education Committee, Electricity Council, Electrochemical Capacitor, Electronic Combat (formerly ECM), Electronic Commerce, Electronics & Countermeasures, Engineer Captain, Environmental Control, Episcopal Church, Error Correcting, Established Church, European Community, Evolutionary Computing, Exchange Carrier, Energy Conserving (смазочные материалы)

20) Университет: Education Code, Engineering Center, English Composition, Extra Credit

21) Физиология: Emergency Contraception

22) Электроника: Electrical Conductivities, Electro Conductivity, Electronic Chart, Electronic Communications, Embedded Controller, Equipment Controller, Error Counter

23) Вычислительная техника: education computer, electronic conference, Error Correction (MODEM), Exchange Carrier (Telephony), контроль ошибок

24) Нефть: Ethyl Centralite

25) Генетика: enzyme classification, КФ

26) Биохимия: Enterochromaffin Cells, Esterified Cholesterol

27) Банковское дело: еврочек (eurocheck), Eurocard (кредитная карточка, выпускаемая международной организацией Eurocard через банки различных стран.)

28) Биотехнология: Endothelial cell

29) Транспорт: Engine Controller, Englewood Connecting

30) Парфюмерия: Европейское сообщество

31) Фирменный знак: ESC Electronics

32) Экология: Environment Canada, effective concentration

33) Деловая лексика: Energy Conservation, Exit Criteria, Европейское экономическое сообщество (European Communities)

34) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Environment Comity, environmental committee, excentric, эффективная концентрация

35) Образование: Early Childhood

36) Инвестиции: eurocheck

37) Сетевые технологии: European Commission, error checking, error control, error correction

38) Полимеры: electronically controlled, ethyl cellulose

39) Программирование: Erase Character

40) Автоматика: eddy current

41) Сахалин Р: Ecocenter

42) Сахалин А: ECOcentre

43) Химическое оружие: (50) median effective concentration

44) Безопасность: Encryption Control

45) Нефть и газ: extended controller

46) Электротехника: electric(al) conductor, electrical conductivity, electrocoating, emergency conditions, emergency control, enameled copper, equipment compatibility

47) Имена и фамилии: Edgar Casey, Eugenia Collier

48) Майкрософт: для детей младшего возраста

49) ООН: Commission of the European Communities, Ethnic Cleansing

50) Должность: Eye Candy

51) Правительство: Eagle Creek, Elizabeth City

52) Международная торговля: Economic Cooperation

Универсальный англо-русский словарь > ec
33 ACE

1) элемент соединения доступа; 2) автоматическая вызывная аппаратура

* * *

1. см. Access Control Equipment

2. см. Advanced Communication Element

3. см. Advanced Computing Environment

4. см. Application Connection Element

5. см. Asynchronous Computational Element

6. см. Audio Control Engineer

7. см. Automatic Calling Equipment

8. см. Automatic Checkout Equipment

9. см. Automatic Control Encryption

10. см. Automatic Cross Connection Equipment

English-Russian dictionary of modern telecommunications > ACE
34 call

call [kɔ:l]

1. noun

   a. ( = shout) appel m

• a call for help un appel au secours

   b. [of bird] cri m

   c. ( = phone call) coup m de téléphone

• to make a call passer un coup de téléphone

• there's a call for you on te demande au téléphone

• I want to pay for the three calls I made je voudrais régler mes trois communications

• I'd like a call at 7am j'aimerais qu'on me réveille à 7 heures

   d. ( = summons, invitation) appel m ; ( = vocation) vocation f

• to be on call [doctor] être de garde

   e. ( = short visit) visite f

• to pay sb a call rendre visite à qn

• I made several calls [doctor] j'ai fait plusieurs visites

   f. ( = demand) there have been calls for new security measures on a demandé de nouvelles mesures de sécurité

   g. ( = need) there is no call for you to worry il n'y a pas lieu de vous inquiéter

   h. it's your/their etc call (figurative) c'est à toi/eux etc de décider

2. transitive verb

   a. [+ person, sb's name] appeler

• to call sb in/out/up crier à qn d'entrer/de sortir/de monter

• "hello!" he called « bonjour ! » cria-t-il

• let's call it a day! (inf) ça suffira pour aujourd'hui !

• we called it a day at 3 o'clock (inf) à 3 heures, on a décidé d'arrêter

   b. ( = give name to) appeler

• to be called s'appeler

• what are you called? comment vous appelez-vous ?

• he calls himself a colonel il se prétend colonel

• he called her a liar il l'a traitée de menteuse

• I wouldn't call it an ideal solution je ne dirais pas que c'est une solution idéale

• shall we call it $10? (agreeing on price) disons 10 dollars ?

• what I call education is... pour moi, l'éducation c'est...

   c. ( = summon) appeler ; ( = waken) réveiller

• to call a doctor appeler un médecin

• call me at eight réveillez-moi à huit heures

• to call the police/an ambulance appeler la police/une ambulance

• to call a meeting convoquer une assemblée

   d. ( = telephone) appeler

3. intransitive verb

   a. [person] appeler ; [bird] pousser un cri

• to call (out) to sb appeler qn

   b. ( = visit also call in passer

• she called (in) to see her mother elle est passée voir sa mère

• to call (in) at a port/at Dover faire escale dans un port/à Douvres

   c. ( = telephone) appeler

• who's calling? c'est de la part de qui ?

• to call in sick téléphoner pour dire qu'on est malade

4. compounds

► call centre noun centre m d'appels

► call girl noun call-girl f

► call-out charge, call-out fee noun frais mpl de déplacement

► call sign, call signal noun indicatif m (d'appel)

► call-up noun ( = military service) appel m (sous les drapeaux)

• general call-up (in wartime) mobilisation f générale ► call-up papers plural noun papiers mpl militaires

► call waiting noun (Telecommunications) signal m d'appel

► call away separable transitive verb

• to be called away on business être obligé de s'absenter pour affaires► call back (on phone)

1. intransitive verb

rappeler

2. separable transitive verb

rappeler

► call for inseparable transitive verb

   a. ( = summon) appeler

   b. ( = require) [+ actions, measures, courage] exiger

• the situation calls for a new approach la situation exige une nouvelle approche

• strict measures are called for des mesures strictes s'imposent

• to call for sb's resignation réclamer la démission de qn

   c. ( = collect) I'll call for you at 6 o'clock je passerai vous prendre à 6 heures

► call in separable transitive verb

   a. [+ doctor, police] appeler

• he was called in to lead the inquiry on a fait appel à lui pour mener l'enquête

   b. [+ faulty product] rappeler

► call off separable transitive verb

[+ appointment, trip, wedding] annuler ; [+ match] ( = cancel) annuler ; ( = cut short) interrompre

• to call off a strike (before it starts) annuler une grève ; (after it starts) mettre fin à une grève► call on inseparable transitive verb

   a. ( = visit) [+ person] rendre visite à

   b. to call on sb to do ( = invite) prier qn de faire ; ( = order) mettre qn en demeure de faire

► call out

1. intransitive verb

pousser un cri (or des cris)

• he called out to me il m'a appelé

2. separable transitive verb

[+ doctor] appeler ; [+ troops, fire brigade, police] faire appel à

• to call workers out (on strike) lancer un ordre de grève

► call round intransitive verb

• to call round to see sb passer voir qn► call up separable transitive verb

   a. [+ troops] mobiliser ; [+ reservists] rappeler

   b. ( = phone) téléphoner à

► call upon inseparable transitive verb

• to call upon sb to do ( = invite) prier qn de faire ; ( = order) mettre qn en demeure de faire

* * *
[kɔːl] 1.
noun

1) Telecommunications appel m (téléphonique) ( from de)

(tele)phone call — appel m (téléphonique)

to make a call — appeler, téléphoner

to make a call to Italy — appeler l'Italie, téléphoner en Italie

to give somebody a call — appeler quelqu'un

to return somebody's call — rappeler quelqu'un

2) ( cry) ( human) appel m ( for à); ( animal) cri m

to give somebody a call — appeler quelqu'un

3) ( summons) appel m

to put out a call for somebody — ( over public address) faire appeler quelqu'un; ( over radio) lancer un appel à quelqu'un

4) ( visit) visite f

social call — visite f de courtoisie

to make ou pay a call — lit rendre visite (on à)

5) ( demand) demande f ( for de)

there were calls for his resignation — sa démission a été réclamée

she has many calls on her time — elle est très sollicitée

we don't get much call for that — nous n'avons guère de demande pour cela

to have first call on something — avoir la priorité sur quelque chose

6) ( need)

there's no call for something/to do — il n'y a pas de raison pour quelque chose/de faire

there was no call for her to say that — elle n'avait aucune raison or aucun besoin de dire cela

7) ( allure) appel m (of de)

8) Sport décision f

9) ( for repayment) demande f de remboursement

a call for capital/tenders — un appel de fonds/d'offres

10) ( duty)

to be on call — [doctor] être de garde; [engineer] être de service

11) Religion ( vocation) vocation f
2.
transitive verb

1) (also call out) ( say loudly) appeler [name, number]; crier [answer, instructions]; annoncer [result, flight]

to call the register — School faire l'appel

he called (out) ‘Goodbye’ — il a crié ‘au revoir’

2) ( summon) appeler [lift]; ( by shouting) appeler [person, animal]; ( by phone) appeler; ( by letter) convoquer

the boss called me into his office — le chef m'a fait venir dans son bureau

the police were called to the scene — la police a été appelée sur les lieux

3) ( telephone) (also call up) appeler (at à; from de)

4) ( give a name) appeler [person, baby, animal, place, product] (by par); intituler [book, film, music, play]

5) ( arrange) organiser [strike]; convoquer [meeting, rehearsal]; fixer [election]

6) ( waken) réveiller [person]

7) ( describe as)

to call somebody stupid/a liar — traiter quelqu'un d'imbécile/de menteur/-euse

I wouldn't call it spacious — je ne dirais pas que c'est spacieux

it's not what you'd call an exciting film — on ne peut pas dire que ce film soit passionnant

it's what you might call a delicate situation — c'est ce qui s'appelle une situation délicate

call it what you will — appelle ça comme tu veux

parapsychology or whatever they ou you call it — (colloq) la métapsychologie ou quelque chose dans ce goût-là (colloq)

(let's) call it £5 — disons cinq livres sterling

he hasn't a place to call his own — il n'a pas de chez-lui

8) Sport [referee] déclarer

9) Computing appeler [file]
3.
intransitive verb

1) (also call out) ( cry out) [person, animal] appeler; ( louder) crier; [bird] crier

London calling — Radio ici Londres

2) ( telephone) appeler

thank you for calling — merci d'avoir appelé

please call back in an hour — rappelez dans une heure s'il vous plaît

who's calling? — qui est à l'appareil?

3) ( visit) passer

to call at — passer chez [person, shop]; passer à [bank, library]; [train] s'arrêter à [town, station]; [ship] faire escale à [port]

the London train calling at Reading and Slough — le train à destination de Londres desservant les gares de Reading et Slough

4) ( tossing coins) parier
4.
reflexive verb

to call oneself — se faire appeler [Smith, Bob]; ( claim to be) se dire, se prétendre [poet, designer]

I am proud to call myself European — je suis fier d'être européen

Phrasal Verbs:

- call away

- call back

- call by

- call for

- call in

- call off

- call on

- call out

- call over

- call round

- call up

English-French dictionary > call
35 opening

opening [ˈəʊpnɪŋ]

1. noun

   a. ( = gap) ouverture f ; (in wall) brèche f ; [of door, window] embrasure f

   b. ( = beginning) [of meeting, play] ouverture f

   c. ( = act of opening) [of door, road, letter] ouverture f ; [of ceremony, exhibition] inauguration f ; (in court case) exposition f des faits ; (Cards, Chess) ouverture f

   d. ( = opportunity) occasion f ; (for work, trade) débouché m ; ( = specific job) poste m

• there are a lot of openings in computing il y a beaucoup de débouchés dans l'informatique

• we have an opening for an engineer nous avons un poste d'ingénieur à pourvoir

2. adjective

[ceremony, speech] inaugural ; [remark] préliminaire

• opening hours heures fpl d'ouverture

• opening night (of play, show) première f

• opening price (for stocks and shares) cours m d'ouverture

• opening shot (in battle) premier coup m de feu ; (in debate, campaign) coup m d'envoi

• opening time (British) l'heure f d'ouverture des pubs

* * *
['əʊpnɪŋ] 1.
noun

1) ( start) (of book, film, piece of music) début m

2) ( official act of opening) (of exhibition, shop) ouverture f; (of play, film) première f

3) ( gap) (in wall, garment, forest) trouée f

4) ( opportunity) gen occasion f ( to do de faire); Commerce ( in market etc) débouché m, marché m ( for pour); ( for employment) ( in company) poste m (disponible); ( in field) possibilité f de travail

5) Games ouverture f
2.
adjective [scene, move] premier/-ière (before n); [remarks, speech, statement] préliminaire; Finance [price, offer, bid] de départ; [share price] d'ouverture

English-French dictionary > opening
36 field

noun

(a) MARKETING (for product) marché m

(b) (sphere of activity, knowledge) domaine m;

∎ what field are you in?, what's your field? dans quoi travaillez-vous?;

∎ to be an expert in one's field être expert dans son domaine

field of activity sphère f ou secteur m d'activité

(c) (practice as opposed to theory) terrain m;

∎ in the field sur le terrain

field engineer ingénieur m de chantier ou sur le terrain;

field experiment expérience f sur le terrain;

field marketing marketing m sur le terrain;

field research études f pl sur le terrain;

field study étude sur le terrain;

field test essai m sur le terrain;

field trial (for machine) essai sur le terrain;

field work démarchage m auprès de la clientèle

(d) COMPUTING (in database) champ m

field name nom m de champ

English-French business dictionary > field
37 work

1 noun

(a) (labour) travail m;

∎ this report needs more work il y a encore du travail à faire sur ce rapport;

∎ to start work, to set to work se mettre au travail;

∎ she set to work on the contract elle a commencé à travailler sur le contrat

COMPUTING work area zone f de travail; work flow rhythme m de travail;

work flow schedule plan m de travail;

work in progress travail en cours; (sign) travaux;

work progress avancement m des travaux;

work rate cadence f de travail;

work to rule grève f du zèle;

work standard norme f de travail;

work study engineer ingénieur m en organisation

(b) (employment) travail m, emploi m;

∎ to look for work chercher du travail;

∎ to be out of work être sans travail ou sans emploi;

∎ to take time off work prendre des congés;

∎ she's off work today elle ne travaille pas aujourd'hui

work colleague collègue m f de travail; work experience expérience f professionnelle;

work permit permis m de travail

(c) (task) travail m;

∎ to take work home ramener du travail à la maison;

∎ he's trying to get some work done il essaie de travailler un peu

work group groupe m de travail

(d) works (construction) travaux m pl; (factory) usine f

works committee, works council comité m d'entreprise; works manager chef m d'établissement;

works owner maître m d'ouvrage

2 transitive verb

(employee) faire travailler;

∎ the boss works his staff hard le patron exige beaucoup de travail de ses employés

3 intransitive verb

(a) (of person) travailler;

∎ he works in advertising il travaille dans la publicité;

∎ we have to work to a budget nous devons travailler avec un certain budget;

∎ to work to rule faire la grève du zèle

(b) (of machine) fonctionner

(c) (of plan, idea, method) marcher

Flights to France were worst affected as an all day walkout interrupted more than 7,000 flights. Shorter stoppages in Greece, Portugal, Hungary and Italy brought airports to a standstill, and in Switzerland, Belgium, Luxembourg and Austria staff worked to rule.

1 transitive verb

(a) (plan) élaborer

(b) (account) examiner; (price) établir, calculer

2 intransitive verb

(total)

∎ to work out at s'élever à;

∎ the total works out at £9,000 le montant s'élève à 9000 livres

▸ work up transitive verb

to work one's way up faire son chemin;

∎ she worked her way up from secretary to managing director elle a commencé comme secrétaire et a fait son chemin jusqu'au poste de P-DG

English-French business dictionary > work
38 circuit

1) схема; цепь; контур

2) канал; линия; тракт

3) электр. сеть

4) кругооборот

5) т. граф. простая цепь, контур

6) горн. замкнутый ход

•

break in a circuit — разрыв цепи

to be in a traffic circuit — авиац. совершать полёт по кругу

to bring into a circuit — вводить в цепь

to cut in a circuit — включаться в цепь

to de-energize a circuit — обесточивать цепь

to ground a circuit — заземлять цепь

to hold a circuit — удерживать цепь в замкнутом состоянии

to hold a circuit alive — держать цепь под напряжением

to seize a circuit — блокировать цепь

to switch a circuit — коммутировать цепь

- absolute circuit

- absorption circuit

- alternating circuit

- alternating-current circuit

- analog integrated circuit

- antenna circuit

- antenna tuned circuit

- band-elimination circuit

- boosted circuit

- bootstrap circuit

- braking circuit

- breadboard circuit

- bridge-type balancing circuit

- built-up circuit

- cathode-coupled circuit

- clipper-limiter circuit

- closed track circuit

- coding circuit

- comparison circuit

- compensating circuit

- composite circuit

- composite magnetic circuit

- conference circuit

- control circuit

- conveyer circuit

- core-type magnetic circuit

- corrector circuit

- cryotron circuit

- deemphasis circuit

- derivation circuit

- digital integrated circuit

- diode logic circuit

- directly-coupled transistor circuit

- disabling circuit

- distributed-parameter circuit

- double phantom circuit

- double-rail track circuit

- earth-return circuit

- elementary circuit

- end circuit

- engineer's circuit

- error-indicating circuit

- excitation circuit

- film integrated circuit

- finite circuit

- forward circuit

- fundamental circuit

- gain control circuit

- geometric circuit

- ground return circuit

- grounded-cathode circuit

- grounded-emitter circuit

- grounded-grid circuit

- guard circuit

- halving circuit

- Hartley oscillator circuit

- high-frequency circuit

- high-speed circuit

- high-tension circuit

- hold circuit

- hybrid integrated circuit

- inclusive OR circuit

- incomplete circuit

- information circuit

- injection circuit

- inland circuit

- inoperative circuit

- input tuned circuit

- interstage circuit

- intertrain radio circuit

- inverter circuit

- isolating circuit

- isolation circuit

- iterative circuit

- keying circuit

- line circuit

- linear integrated circuit

- local circuit

- made circuit

- majority voted circuit

- marking circuit

- matroid circuit

- maximal circuit

- meter-reading access circuit

- micrologic circuit

- microminiature circuit

- microprinted circuit

- microwave integrated circuit

- mnemonic circuit

- modular circuit

- modulator circuit

- monolithic circuit

- monolithic integrated circuit

- multichip circuit

- multifunction circuit

- multipath magnetic circuit

- multiple circuit

- multiply-by-two circuit

- multiplying circuit

- narrow-gate circuit

- n-dimensional circuit

- nonlinear circuit

- nonorientable circuit

- off-centering circuit

- one-dimensional circuit

- ones complement circuit

- opposition circuit

- oriented circuit

- OR-to-AND circuit

- OR-to-OR circuit

- outer circuit

- output tuned circuit

- packaged integrated circuit

- parasitic circuit

- period-computing circuit

- physical circuit

- planar circuit

- plank-magnetic circuit

- plate tuned circuit

- plated circuit

- potted circuit

- primary drive circuit

- primary tuned circuit

- principle circuit

- priority circuit

- probabilistic circuit

- pulmonary circuit

- pulse retardation circuit

- race circuit

- radiotelephone circuit

- read circuit

- reciprocal circuit

- reheat circuit

- relative circuit

- resistive circuit

- resonant circuit

- ring-bus circuit

- ring-down circuit

- route release circuit

- safety circuit

- sample and hold circuit

- scale-of-five circuit

- scale-of-ten circuit

- secondary tuned circuit

- seesaw circuit

- self-exciting circuit

- semibutterfly circuit

- separating circuit

- sequence circuit

- series track circuit

- shell-type magnetic circuit

- short-haul toll circuit

- side circuit

- simple circuit

- simplexed circuit

- single tube circuit

- single-channel circuit

- single-core circuit

- single-path magnetic circuit

- single-shot trigger circuit

- sling circuit

- smoothing circuit

- software circuit

- staggered circuit

- steam-generating circuit

- stick circuit

- storage circuit

- subtraction circuit

- summing circuit

- sync circuit

- systemic circuit

- talking circuit

- testing circuit

- thick-film integrated circuit

- thin-film integrated circuit

- totem-pole-type circuit

- traction motor circuit

- transfer circuit

- trigger countdown circuit

- turn-to-turn short circuit

- unloaded tuned circuit

- unpackaged integrated circuit

- vacuum circuit

- vertex independent circuit

- voter circuit

- water-slurry circuit

- water-steam circuit

- welding circuit

- write circuit

- zero-dimensional circuit

English-Russian scientific dictionary > circuit
39 acoustic

acoustic [ə'ku:stɪk]

adjective

(feature, phonetics, nerve) acoustique

►► Computing & Telecommunications acoustic coupler coupleur m acoustique;

Technology acoustic engineer acousticien(enne) m,f;

acoustic feedback effet m Larsen, rétroaction f acoustique, bouclage m acoustique;

Music acoustic guitar guitare f sèche;

acoustic hood capot m antibruit;

Building industry acoustic tile carreau m acoustique

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > acoustic
40 field

field [fi:ld]

1 noun

(a) (piece of land) champ m;

∎ to work in the fields travailler dans les ou aux champs;

∎ field of wheat champ m de blé;

∎ strawberry field plantation f de fraisiers

(b) Sport (pitch) terrain m;

∎ the field (in baseball) les défenseurs mpl; (in cricket) les chasseurs mpl;

∎ Smith is way ahead of the (rest of the) field Smith est loin devant ou devance largement les autres;

∎ there's a very strong field for the 100 metres il y a une très belle brochette de concurrents ou participants au départ du 100 mètres;

∎ sports or games field terrain m de sport;

∎ to take the field entrer sur le terrain;

∎ to lead the field (in race) mener la course, être en tête; figurative (in sales, area of study) être en tête; (of theory) faire autorité;

∎ our company leads the field when it comes to fitted kitchens notre entreprise est en tête du marché pour ce qui est des cuisines encastrées;

∎ figurative there are three candidates in the field trois candidatures ont été déposées;

∎ familiar to play the field (romantically) avoir autant de liaisons amoureuses que l'on veut

(c) (of oil, minerals etc) gisement m;

∎ oil/coal/gas field gisement m de pétrole/de charbon/de gaz

(d) Military

∎ field (of battle) champ m de bataille;

∎ bravery in the field bravoure f sur le champ de bataille;

∎ to die on the field of honour mourir ou tomber au champ d'honneur;

∎ to hold the field ne pas lâcher de terrain, tenir;

∎ the French now held the field les Français étaient maintenant maîtres du champ de bataille

(e) (sphere of activity, knowledge) domaine m;

∎ experts from every field des experts provenant de tous les domaines;

∎ to be an expert in one's field être expert dans son domaine;

∎ in the political field, in the field of politics dans le domaine politique;

∎ to contribute to the field of human knowledge contribuer à la connaissance humaine;

∎ what's your field?, what field are you in? quel est ton domaine?;

∎ that's not my field ce n'est pas de mon domaine ou dans mes compétences

(f) (practice rather than theory) terrain m;

∎ to work/to study in the field travailler/étudier sur le terrain;

∎ to go out into the field aller sur le terrain

(g) Physics & Optics champ m;

∎ magnetic field champ m magnétique Military

(h) Computing champ m

(i) Heraldry (on coat of arms, coin) champ m; (on flag) fond m

2 transitive verb

(a) (team) présenter; (player) faire jouer; Military (men, hardware) réunir; Politics (candidate) présenter

(b) (in cricket, baseball → ball) arrêter (et renvoyer);

∎ figurative to field a question savoir répondre à une question;

∎ figurative well fielded bien répondu

3 intransitive verb

(in cricket, baseball) être en défense

►► Military field ambulance ambulance f;

Military field artillery artillerie f de campagne;

Military field battery batterie f de campagne;

Military field colours (regimental flags) couleurs fpl du régiment;

American field corn maïs m de grande culture;

field day School journée f en plein air; Military jour m des grandes manœuvres;

∎ familiar figurative to have a field day s'en donner à cœur joie; (do good business) faire recette^□ ;

∎ if the press find out about this they'll have a field day! si les journaux l'apprennent, ils vont s'en donner à cœur joie!;

field engineer ingénieur m de chantier ou sur le terrain;

Sport field events concours mpl de saut et de lancer;

Military field exercise exercice m en campagne, manœuvre f;

∎ field of fire champ m de tir;

∎ Physics field of force champ m de force;

Botany field gentian gentiane f champêtre;

field glasses jumelles fpl;

field goal (in American football) but m; (in basketball) panier m;

Military field gun canon m;

American field hockey hockey m (sur gazon);

Military field hospital antenne f chirurgicale, hôpital m de campagne;

field ice banquise f;

Military field kitchen cuisine f roulante;

field label (in dictionary) rubrique f, indicateur m de domaine;

Botany field madder shérardie f des champs;

Botany field maple érable m champêtre;

Marketing field marketing marketing m sur le terrain;

Military field marshal maréchal m;

field mushroom agaric m champêtre, rosé m des prés;

Military field officer officier m supérieur;

Military field rations ration f de guerre;

field sports = la chasse et la pêche;

field study étude f sur le terrain;

Military field telegraph télégraphe m militaire;

field test essai m sur le terrain;

field trials (for machine) essais mpl sur le terrain;

School & University field trip voyage m d'études; (of one afternoon, one day) sortie f d'études;

∎ a geography field trip une excursion d'études de géographie;

∎ field of vision champ m visuel ou de vision;

field worker (social worker) travailleur(euse) m,f social(e); (researcher) chercheur(euse) m,f de terrain

Un panorama unique de l'anglais et du français > field

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Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing — The Faculty of Electrical Engineering and Computing ( hr. Fakultet elektrotehnike i računarstva, abbr: FER ) is one of the top faculties of University of Zagreb. The faculty is regarded as the largest technical faculty and the leading educational … Wikipedia
Customer engineer — A Customer Engineer (CE) is a person whose primary job scope is to provide a service to customers who has signed a contract with the company. Originally, the term was used by IBM, but now Customer Engineer is also being used by other companies.… … Wikipedia

Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

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computing+engineer

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Словари и энциклопедии на Академике

Перевод: с английского на все языки

computing+engineer

См. также в других словарях:

Поделиться ссылкой на выделенное

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