-
41 CEC
1) Компьютерная техника: Commission of European Communities3) Американизм: Contractor Establishment Code4) Военный термин: Central Electronic Complex, Central European Command, Civil Engineer Corps, Civil Engineering Corps, Communications and Electronics Command, Communications-Electronics Committee, Computer Engineering Center, Consolidated Expenditure Center, centralized electronic control, change entry certification, фр Commander in Chief командующий5) Техника: Canadian electrical code, Citizens Energy Council, Claiborne Enrichment Center, Coal Experts Commission, Consulting Engineers Council, carbon tetrachloride, Custom Engine Control®6) Религия: Cambodian Evangelical Church7) Автомобильный термин: crankcase emission control system (Honda)8) Биржевой термин: Commodities Exchange Center, Inc9) Дипломатический термин: Commission of the European Communities10) Политика: (Central Election Commission) ЦИК (Центральная избирательная комиссия)11) Сокращение: Central Executive Committee, Civil Engineers Corps, Co-operative Engagement Capability, Coal Experts Commitee, Combat Engagement Center, Commission of the European Committees, Concept Experimentation Program (Army), Conference of European Churches, Cooperative Engagement Capability, County Emergency Centre (UK)12) Университет: Colombia Education Center, Columbia Education Center, Continuing Education Credit13) Электроника: Cell evaluation chip, Consumer Electronics Control (протокол дистанционного управления)14) Банковское дело: единая европейская валюта (Common European Currency)15) Бурение: катионообменная ёмкость (cation exchange capacity)16) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: certification of equipment completion17) Образование: Certificate Of Educational Convenience, Continuing Education Centre, Council For Exceptional Children18) Инвестиции: Common European Currency19) Сетевые технологии: communications engine controller, контроллер коммуникационного процессора20) Программирование: Clear Enter Clear21) Автоматика: contour-error control22) Сахалин Р: cation exchange capacity23) Трудовое право: Canadian experience class (Immigration Canada)24) Расширение файла: Certified E-Commerce Consultant25) NYSE. C E C Entertainment, Inc.26) Аэропорты: Crescent City, California USA27) Клинические исследования: Central Ethical Committee -
42 PCS
1) Общая лексика: программа паллиативного лечения2) Компьютерная техника: Personal Communication Services, Personal Computer Service3) Медицина: Physical Health Component summary, pelvic congestion syndrome, потенциально клинически значимый (potentially clinically significant (о патологических отклонениях)), Physical Component Summary (индекс физического здоровья)4) Американизм: Procurement Costing Software5) Военный термин: Pacific command ship, Personnel Communication System, Physical Component Summary, Portable Communication System, Post, Camp, or Station, Primary Control Station, Procured Component Software, Publication Control Sheet, Submarine Chaser, parts control system, parts, components, subassemblies, passive communications satellite, permanent change of station, personal cipher system, personnel change of station, planning control sheet, plausible conflict situation, pointing control system, pontoon causeway system, portable communications system, position, course, and speed, preliminary component specification, primary calibration system, primary control ship, probability of crew survival, project coordination staff, property control system, pyrotechnics circuit simulator, перевод на новое постоянное место службы, (Post, Camps and Stations) Посты, лагеря и базы (подразделение тыловой службы армии США, занимающееся снабжением частей за границей)6) Техника: Pockels cell shutter, passive containment system, payload checkout system, plant computer system, plant control system, pressure control system, process computer system, process control sheet, система управления процессом (Process control system( из инструкции к трансмиттеру Cerabar))7) Математика: вероятность правильного выбора (probability of correct selection)8) Бухгалтерия: Price Computing Scale9) Автомобильный термин: pressure control solenoid10) Грубое выражение: Perpetually Crappy Service, Piece Of Crap Service, Piece Of Cunt Shit, Pot Cars Sex, Pretty Crappy Service, Pretty Crappy Signal11) Оптика: plastic-clad silica12) Телекоммуникации: Personal Communication Service, система персональной подвижной связи, Система персональной [мобильной] связи13) Сокращение: Performance Command System, Personal Communications System, Pieces (MODS report abbreviation), Pocket Computer System, Portable Control Station, Postal & Courier Service (British Army), Power Conversion System, Process Control System (2005), Production Control System (USPS FSS video, 2008), position, course, speed, штук (pieces)14) Физика: Passive Cross Section15) Вычислительная техника: Programmable Communications Subsystem, Punched Card System (PC), Personal Communication System (Sony, Panasonic, Motorola), спецификация видеоконференц-связи между персональными компьютерами16) Нефть: project contracting strategy17) Транспорт: Personal Comfort System, Poker Championship Series18) Деловая лексика: Poor Customer Service, Premium Customer Service, Productive Comprehensive And Simple, Professional Clinical Services, Promoting Competitive Service19) SAP. схема расчёта зарплаты20) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Project Completion System21) Менеджмент: preliminary control schedule22) Образование: Professional Children's School23) Сетевые технологии: Personal Communication System, Personal Communications Services, Personal Conferencing Specification, personal communication server, обслуживание личной связи, персональная радиокоммуникационная система, персональная система связи, персональный сервер связи, службы персональных коммуникаций, спецификация видеоконференцсвязи между ПК24) Программирование: Portable Character Set, programmable security code, программируемый код безопасности25) Контроль качества: process control specification26) Сахалин Р: Process Control System27) Сахалин Ю: project computer specialist28) Авиационная медицина: preconscious29) Безопасность: Permanent Control Security30) Расширение файла: Patchable Control Store, Personal Communication Services/System, Print Contrast Signal, Print Contrast System, Process Control Systems, Program Counter Store, Project Control System, Picture package (MS PowerPoint - MS ClipArt Gallery), Microsoft PowerPoint picture package (MS PowerPoint, MS Clipart Gallery), Animated PICTs (Macintosh)31) Нефть и газ: АСУ ТП, АСУТП, автоматическая система управления технологическим процессом, система управления технологическим процессом32) Логистика: port congestion surcharge33) Яхтенный спорт: Performance Curve Scoring34) Электротехника: power conditioning system, POWER COMMAND SUPERVISOR35) Высокочастотная электроника: personal communications service36) Нанотехнологии: Photon Correlation Spectroscopy, Фотокорреляционная спектроскопия37) Общественная организация: Pancreatic Cancer Symposium38) Чат: Poor Cellular Service, Pretty Cool Summer39) NYSE. Sprint Corporation41) НАСА: Predefined Command Sequence -
43 PCs
1) Общая лексика: программа паллиативного лечения2) Компьютерная техника: Personal Communication Services, Personal Computer Service3) Медицина: Physical Health Component summary, pelvic congestion syndrome, потенциально клинически значимый (potentially clinically significant (о патологических отклонениях)), Physical Component Summary (индекс физического здоровья)4) Американизм: Procurement Costing Software5) Военный термин: Pacific command ship, Personnel Communication System, Physical Component Summary, Portable Communication System, Post, Camp, or Station, Primary Control Station, Procured Component Software, Publication Control Sheet, Submarine Chaser, parts control system, parts, components, subassemblies, passive communications satellite, permanent change of station, personal cipher system, personnel change of station, planning control sheet, plausible conflict situation, pointing control system, pontoon causeway system, portable communications system, position, course, and speed, preliminary component specification, primary calibration system, primary control ship, probability of crew survival, project coordination staff, property control system, pyrotechnics circuit simulator, перевод на новое постоянное место службы, (Post, Camps and Stations) Посты, лагеря и базы (подразделение тыловой службы армии США, занимающееся снабжением частей за границей)6) Техника: Pockels cell shutter, passive containment system, payload checkout system, plant computer system, plant control system, pressure control system, process computer system, process control sheet, система управления процессом (Process control system( из инструкции к трансмиттеру Cerabar))7) Математика: вероятность правильного выбора (probability of correct selection)8) Бухгалтерия: Price Computing Scale9) Автомобильный термин: pressure control solenoid10) Грубое выражение: Perpetually Crappy Service, Piece Of Crap Service, Piece Of Cunt Shit, Pot Cars Sex, Pretty Crappy Service, Pretty Crappy Signal11) Оптика: plastic-clad silica12) Телекоммуникации: Personal Communication Service, система персональной подвижной связи, Система персональной [мобильной] связи13) Сокращение: Performance Command System, Personal Communications System, Pieces (MODS report abbreviation), Pocket Computer System, Portable Control Station, Postal & Courier Service (British Army), Power Conversion System, Process Control System (2005), Production Control System (USPS FSS video, 2008), position, course, speed, штук (pieces)14) Физика: Passive Cross Section15) Вычислительная техника: Programmable Communications Subsystem, Punched Card System (PC), Personal Communication System (Sony, Panasonic, Motorola), спецификация видеоконференц-связи между персональными компьютерами16) Нефть: project contracting strategy17) Транспорт: Personal Comfort System, Poker Championship Series18) Деловая лексика: Poor Customer Service, Premium Customer Service, Productive Comprehensive And Simple, Professional Clinical Services, Promoting Competitive Service19) SAP. схема расчёта зарплаты20) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Project Completion System21) Менеджмент: preliminary control schedule22) Образование: Professional Children's School23) Сетевые технологии: Personal Communication System, Personal Communications Services, Personal Conferencing Specification, personal communication server, обслуживание личной связи, персональная радиокоммуникационная система, персональная система связи, персональный сервер связи, службы персональных коммуникаций, спецификация видеоконференцсвязи между ПК24) Программирование: Portable Character Set, programmable security code, программируемый код безопасности25) Контроль качества: process control specification26) Сахалин Р: Process Control System27) Сахалин Ю: project computer specialist28) Авиационная медицина: preconscious29) Безопасность: Permanent Control Security30) Расширение файла: Patchable Control Store, Personal Communication Services/System, Print Contrast Signal, Print Contrast System, Process Control Systems, Program Counter Store, Project Control System, Picture package (MS PowerPoint - MS ClipArt Gallery), Microsoft PowerPoint picture package (MS PowerPoint, MS Clipart Gallery), Animated PICTs (Macintosh)31) Нефть и газ: АСУ ТП, АСУТП, автоматическая система управления технологическим процессом, система управления технологическим процессом32) Логистика: port congestion surcharge33) Яхтенный спорт: Performance Curve Scoring34) Электротехника: power conditioning system, POWER COMMAND SUPERVISOR35) Высокочастотная электроника: personal communications service36) Нанотехнологии: Photon Correlation Spectroscopy, Фотокорреляционная спектроскопия37) Общественная организация: Pancreatic Cancer Symposium38) Чат: Poor Cellular Service, Pretty Cool Summer39) NYSE. Sprint Corporation41) НАСА: Predefined Command Sequence -
44 ccm
1) Общая лексика: hum. сокр. Chromosome Coordinating Meeting, (машина непрерывной разливки заготовки) continuous casting machine=continuous caster, смесь сердцевин кукурузных початков (Corn-Cob-Mix), Commercial Advisory Committee (SEIC)2) Компьютерная техника: Comprehensive Client Manager, Configurable Computing Machine, Corba Component Model4) Авиация: Customized Completion Manual5) Американизм: Country Coordination Mechanism6) Спорт: Clews Competition Motorcycles7) Военный термин: Calibration Certification And Maintenance, Canadian Cadet Movement, Center for Composite Materials, Counter Counter-Measures, Crowd Control Munition, command and control module, confidential code message, countercountermeasures, cross-country movement8) Техника: central control and monitoring, combined cipher machine, combined coding machine, command and control marine system, constant current modulation, control computer module, convection current mode, crew/cargo module9) Химия: ККМ, критическая концентрация мицеллообразования, CMC11) Бухгалтерия: Check Control Module12) Автомобильный термин: central control module, comprehensive component monitor, continuous component monitor13) Музыка: Commercial Christian Music, Contemporary Christian Music14) Сокращение: Caribbean Common Market, Coalition of Catalog Mailers, Communications Control Module, Control, Civil & Military, Conventional Cruise Missile, Counter Countermeasures, Counter-CounterMeasure, Course Correction Module, controlled carrier modulation15) Университет: Cincinnati Conservatory Of Music16) Физика: Chain Crossing Model17) Вычислительная техника: Change Configuration Management, CORBA Component Model (CORBA)18) Нефть: cement-cut mud, condensate-cut mud, буровой раствор, загрязнённый цементом (cement-cut mud), буровой раствор, содержащий конденсат (condensate-cut mud)19) Микробиология: Czech Collection of Microorganisns (Чешская коллекция микроорганизмов)20) Иммунология: complete culture medium21) Фирменный знак: Canadian Cycle And Motor22) Экология: certification program for consulting meteorologists23) Образование: Children's Center of Montgomery24) Сетевые технологии: Client Connection Manager25) ЕБРР: concept clearance memorandum26) Океанография: Community Climate Model27) Макаров: complex coordinate method28) Расширение файла: Corba Component Mode, Mailbox (Lotus CC:Mail)29) Электротехника: communication control module, critical current margin30) Общественная организация: Consortium for Conservation Medicine31) Должность: Certified Chemoinformatics Master32) Хобби: Content And Collaboration Management -
45 cec
1) Компьютерная техника: Commission of European Communities3) Американизм: Contractor Establishment Code4) Военный термин: Central Electronic Complex, Central European Command, Civil Engineer Corps, Civil Engineering Corps, Communications and Electronics Command, Communications-Electronics Committee, Computer Engineering Center, Consolidated Expenditure Center, centralized electronic control, change entry certification, фр Commander in Chief командующий5) Техника: Canadian electrical code, Citizens Energy Council, Claiborne Enrichment Center, Coal Experts Commission, Consulting Engineers Council, carbon tetrachloride, Custom Engine Control®6) Религия: Cambodian Evangelical Church7) Автомобильный термин: crankcase emission control system (Honda)8) Биржевой термин: Commodities Exchange Center, Inc9) Дипломатический термин: Commission of the European Communities10) Политика: (Central Election Commission) ЦИК (Центральная избирательная комиссия)11) Сокращение: Central Executive Committee, Civil Engineers Corps, Co-operative Engagement Capability, Coal Experts Commitee, Combat Engagement Center, Commission of the European Committees, Concept Experimentation Program (Army), Conference of European Churches, Cooperative Engagement Capability, County Emergency Centre (UK)12) Университет: Colombia Education Center, Columbia Education Center, Continuing Education Credit13) Электроника: Cell evaluation chip, Consumer Electronics Control (протокол дистанционного управления)14) Банковское дело: единая европейская валюта (Common European Currency)15) Бурение: катионообменная ёмкость (cation exchange capacity)16) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: certification of equipment completion17) Образование: Certificate Of Educational Convenience, Continuing Education Centre, Council For Exceptional Children18) Инвестиции: Common European Currency19) Сетевые технологии: communications engine controller, контроллер коммуникационного процессора20) Программирование: Clear Enter Clear21) Автоматика: contour-error control22) Сахалин Р: cation exchange capacity23) Трудовое право: Canadian experience class (Immigration Canada)24) Расширение файла: Certified E-Commerce Consultant25) NYSE. C E C Entertainment, Inc.26) Аэропорты: Crescent City, California USA27) Клинические исследования: Central Ethical Committee -
46 pcs
1) Общая лексика: программа паллиативного лечения2) Компьютерная техника: Personal Communication Services, Personal Computer Service3) Медицина: Physical Health Component summary, pelvic congestion syndrome, потенциально клинически значимый (potentially clinically significant (о патологических отклонениях)), Physical Component Summary (индекс физического здоровья)4) Американизм: Procurement Costing Software5) Военный термин: Pacific command ship, Personnel Communication System, Physical Component Summary, Portable Communication System, Post, Camp, or Station, Primary Control Station, Procured Component Software, Publication Control Sheet, Submarine Chaser, parts control system, parts, components, subassemblies, passive communications satellite, permanent change of station, personal cipher system, personnel change of station, planning control sheet, plausible conflict situation, pointing control system, pontoon causeway system, portable communications system, position, course, and speed, preliminary component specification, primary calibration system, primary control ship, probability of crew survival, project coordination staff, property control system, pyrotechnics circuit simulator, перевод на новое постоянное место службы, (Post, Camps and Stations) Посты, лагеря и базы (подразделение тыловой службы армии США, занимающееся снабжением частей за границей)6) Техника: Pockels cell shutter, passive containment system, payload checkout system, plant computer system, plant control system, pressure control system, process computer system, process control sheet, система управления процессом (Process control system( из инструкции к трансмиттеру Cerabar))7) Математика: вероятность правильного выбора (probability of correct selection)8) Бухгалтерия: Price Computing Scale9) Автомобильный термин: pressure control solenoid10) Грубое выражение: Perpetually Crappy Service, Piece Of Crap Service, Piece Of Cunt Shit, Pot Cars Sex, Pretty Crappy Service, Pretty Crappy Signal11) Оптика: plastic-clad silica12) Телекоммуникации: Personal Communication Service, система персональной подвижной связи, Система персональной [мобильной] связи13) Сокращение: Performance Command System, Personal Communications System, Pieces (MODS report abbreviation), Pocket Computer System, Portable Control Station, Postal & Courier Service (British Army), Power Conversion System, Process Control System (2005), Production Control System (USPS FSS video, 2008), position, course, speed, штук (pieces)14) Физика: Passive Cross Section15) Вычислительная техника: Programmable Communications Subsystem, Punched Card System (PC), Personal Communication System (Sony, Panasonic, Motorola), спецификация видеоконференц-связи между персональными компьютерами16) Нефть: project contracting strategy17) Транспорт: Personal Comfort System, Poker Championship Series18) Деловая лексика: Poor Customer Service, Premium Customer Service, Productive Comprehensive And Simple, Professional Clinical Services, Promoting Competitive Service19) SAP. схема расчёта зарплаты20) Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: Project Completion System21) Менеджмент: preliminary control schedule22) Образование: Professional Children's School23) Сетевые технологии: Personal Communication System, Personal Communications Services, Personal Conferencing Specification, personal communication server, обслуживание личной связи, персональная радиокоммуникационная система, персональная система связи, персональный сервер связи, службы персональных коммуникаций, спецификация видеоконференцсвязи между ПК24) Программирование: Portable Character Set, programmable security code, программируемый код безопасности25) Контроль качества: process control specification26) Сахалин Р: Process Control System27) Сахалин Ю: project computer specialist28) Авиационная медицина: preconscious29) Безопасность: Permanent Control Security30) Расширение файла: Patchable Control Store, Personal Communication Services/System, Print Contrast Signal, Print Contrast System, Process Control Systems, Program Counter Store, Project Control System, Picture package (MS PowerPoint - MS ClipArt Gallery), Microsoft PowerPoint picture package (MS PowerPoint, MS Clipart Gallery), Animated PICTs (Macintosh)31) Нефть и газ: АСУ ТП, АСУТП, автоматическая система управления технологическим процессом, система управления технологическим процессом32) Логистика: port congestion surcharge33) Яхтенный спорт: Performance Curve Scoring34) Электротехника: power conditioning system, POWER COMMAND SUPERVISOR35) Высокочастотная электроника: personal communications service36) Нанотехнологии: Photon Correlation Spectroscopy, Фотокорреляционная спектроскопия37) Общественная организация: Pancreatic Cancer Symposium38) Чат: Poor Cellular Service, Pretty Cool Summer39) NYSE. Sprint Corporation41) НАСА: Predefined Command Sequence -
47 project
1. n1) проект; план; схема•to approve a project — одобрять / утверждать проект
to estimate / to evaluate a project — оценивать проект
to implement a project — осуществлять проект / план
to initiate a project — приступать к осуществлению проекта; начинать проект
to sponsor projects — субсидировать / финансировать проекты
- ambitious projectto support a project — поддерживать / финансировать проект
- approved project
- building project
- carefully selected projects
- commissioning of projects
- completion of a project
- construction project
- constructional project
- cost sharing project
- defense project
- demonstration project
- description of a project
- development project
- economic project
- estimated cost of the project
- evaluation of industrial projects
- family-planning project
- famine relief project
- feasible project
- field implementation of projects
- field projects
- follow-on project
- global project
- high priority project
- individual project
- industrial project
- infrastructure project
- initial project
- inter-country project
- interregional project
- irrigation project
- joint project
- larger project
- large-scale project
- long-term project
- major project
- Manhattan Project
- medium-sized project
- military project
- model project
- modified version of the project
- multicountry project
- multipurpose project
- national development project
- nonmilitary project
- on-going project
- operational project
- original project
- particular project
- physical feasibility of a project
- pilot project
- pre-investment project
- productive project
- program-assisted projects
- project of the century
- regional project
- research project
- short-term project
- smaller project
- small-scale project
- small-sized project
- sound project
- specialized project
- specific project
- subregional project
- technical assistance project
- technical cooperation project
- transnational project
- turn-key project
- umbrella project
- UNDP-supported projects
- unfair project
- United Nations-operated projects
- unsound project
- viable project 2. vпроектировать, составлять проект; прогнозировать; планировать -
48 talk
1. nразговор, беседа; pl переговорыmore peace talks are going to take place / getting underway / lie ahead — переговоры о мирном урегулировании будут продолжены
to be more flexible in the talks — проявлять бо́льшую гибкость на переговорах
to begin (the) talks — начинать / открывать переговоры
to bring a country into the talks between smb — вовлекать / подключать какую-л. страну к переговорам между кем-л.
to come to the talks empty-handed — приходить на переговоры с пустыми руками ( без новых предложений)
to complete / to conclude talks — завершать переговоры
to damage the talks — вредить / мешать / препятствовать переговорам, подрывать переговоры
to demand a prompt resumption of peace talks — требовать скорейшего возобновления переговоров о мире
to derail / to disrupt the talks — срывать переговоры
to dominate the two days of talks — быть главным вопросом на переговорах, которые продлятся два дня
to extend talks amid reports of smth — продлевать переговоры, в то время как поступают сообщения о чем-л.
to hamper the talks — вредить / мешать / препятствовать переговорам, подрывать переговоры
to have / to hold further / more talks with smb — проводить дальнейшие переговоры / продолжать переговоры с кем-л.
to hold talks at the request of smb — проводить переговоры по чьей-л. просьбе
to hold talks in an exceptionally warm atmosphere — вести переговоры в исключительно теплой атмосфере
to iron out difficulties in the talks — устранять трудности, возникшие в ходе переговоров
to maintain one's talks for 10 days — продолжать переговоры еще 10 дней
to make good / substantial progress at / in the talks — добиваться значительного / существенного успеха на переговорах
to make smb more flexible in the talks — заставлять кого-л. занять более гибкую позицию на переговорах
to obstruct the talks — вредить / мешать / препятствовать переговорам, подрывать переговоры
to offer unconditional talks to smb — предлагать кому-л. провести переговоры, не сопровождаемые никакими условиями
to open (the) talks — начинать / открывать переговоры
to push forward the talks — активизировать переговоры; давать толчок переговорам
to put the proposals to arms reduction talks — ставить предложения на рассмотрение участников переговоров о сокращении вооружений
to re-launch / to reopen talks — возобновлять переговоры
to restart / to resume talks — возобновлять переговоры
to resume talks after a lapse of 18 months — возобновлять переговоры после полуторагодового перерыва
to schedule talks — намечать / планировать переговоры
to start (the) talks — начинать / открывать переговоры
to steer a diplomatic course in one's talks — проводить дипломатическую линию на переговорах
to stymie the talks — вредить / мешать / препятствовать переговорам, подрывать переговоры
to torpedo the talks — вредить / мешать / препятствовать переговорам, подрывать переговоры
- accession talksto walk out of / to withdraw from talks — уходить с переговоров, отказываться от продолжения переговоров
- after a full day of talks
- ambassadorial talks
- ambassadorial-level talks
- another round of talks gets under way today
- arduous talks
- arms control talks
- arms talks
- backstage talks
- barren talks
- beneficial talks
- bilateral talks
- bittersweet talk
- border talks
- breakdown in talks
- breakdown of talks - businesslike talks
- by means of talks
- by talks
- call for fresh talks
- carefully prepared talks
- cease-fire talks
- CFE talks
- coalition talks
- collapsed talks
- completion of talks
- conduct of talks
- confidential talks
- confrontational talks
- constructive talks
- conventional arms control talks
- conventional forces in Europe talks
- conventional stability talks
- conventional talks
- conventional-force talk
- cordial talks
- crux of the talks
- current round of talks
- deadlocked talks
- delay in the talks
- detailed talks
- direct talks
- disarmament talks
- discreet talks
- disruption of talks
- divisive talks
- early talks
- election talk
- emergency talks
- equal talks
- Europe-wide talks
- exhaustive talks
- exploratory talks
- extensive talks
- face-to-face talks
- failure at the talks
- failure of the talks
- familiarization talks
- farewell talks
- final round of talks
- follow -up talks
- follow-on talks
- force-reduction talks
- formal talks
- forthcoming talks
- four-way talks
- frank talks
- fresh round of talks
- fresh talks
- friendly atmosphere in the talks
- friendly talks
- frosty talks
- fruitful talks
- fruitless talks
- full talks
- full-scale talks
- further talks
- get-to-know-you talks
- good-faith talks
- hard-going talks
- highest-level talks
- high-level talks
- in a follow-up to one's talks
- in the course of talks
- in the last round of the talks
- in the latest round of the talks
- in the talks
- inconclusive talks
- indirect talks
- industrial promotion talks
- informal talks
- intensive talks
- intercommunal talks
- interesting talks
- interparty talks
- last-ditch talks
- last-minute talks
- lengthy talks
- low-level talks
- make-or-break talks
- man-to-man talks
- marathon talks
- MBFR talks
- meaningful talks
- mediator in the talks
- membership talks
- ministerial talks
- more talks
- multilateral talks
- Mutual and Balanced Force Reduction talks
- news lockout during the talks
- no further talks are scheduled
- non-stop talks
- normalization talks
- nuclear and space arms talks
- observer at the talks
- offer of talks
- on-and-off talks
- Open Skies Talk
- open talks
- outcome of the talks
- pace of the talks
- participant in the talks
- parties at the talks
- pay talks
- peace talks
- pep talk
- political talks
- positive talks
- preliminary talks
- preparatory talks
- present at the talks are...
- pre-summit talks
- pre-talks
- prime-ministerial talks
- private talks
- productive talks
- profound talks
- programmatic talk
- proposed talks
- proximity talks
- rapid progress in talks
- rapprochement talks
- realistic talks
- renewal of talks
- resumed talks
- resumption of talks
- reunification talks - sales talks
- SALT
- scheduled talks
- secret talks
- security talks
- sensible talks
- separate talks
- serious talks
- session of the talks
- setback in the talks
- sincere talks
- stage-by-stage talks
- stormy talks
- Strategic Arms Limitation Talks
- Strategic Arms Reduction Talks
- substantial talks
- substantive talks
- successful progress of the talks
- summit talks
- talk was conducted in an atmosphere
- talk was held in an atmosphere
- talk will be dominated by the row which...
- talks about talk
- talks are alarmingly behind schedule
- talks are at a standstill
- talks are critical
- talks are deadlocked
- talks are due to resume
- talks are getting nowhere
- talks are going ahead
- talks are going well
- talks are heading for deadlock
- talks are in doubt
- talks are in high gear
- talks are in jeopardy
- talks are into their final day
- talks are not going fast enough
- talks are only a start
- talks are progressing at a snail's pace
- talks are progressing smoothly
- talks are progressing well
- talks are set to fail
- talks are stalemated
- talks are still on track
- talks are taking place in a constructive atmosphere
- talks are underway
- talks at a ministerial level
- talks at the highest level
- talks at the level of deputy foreign ministers
- talks between smb have run into last-minute difficulties
- talks between the two sides
- talks bogged down on smth
- talks broke down
- talks came to a standstill
- talks center on smth
- talks collapsed
- talks come at a time when...
- talks concentrate on
- talks dragged on for years
- talks ended in agreement
- talks ended in failure
- talks ended inconclusively
- talks ended without agreement
- talks failed to make any progress
- talks faltered on smth
- talks foundered on smth
- talks get underway
- talks go into a second day
- talks go on
- talks had a successful start
- talks had been momentous
- talks hang by a thread
- talks hang in the balance
- talks have been constructive and businesslike
- talks have broken up in failure
- talks have ended on an optimistic note
- talks have ended with little sign of agreement
- talks have ended with little sign of program
- talks have fallen through
- talks have got off to a friendly start
- talks have got off to a successful start
- talks have made little progress towards peace
- talks have never been closer to an agreement
- talks have reached deadlock
- talks have reopened
- talks have run into difficulties
- talks have run into trouble
- talks inch forward
- talks is burgeoning again about...
- talks made progress
- talks may continue into tomorrow
- talks may not get off the ground
- talks now under way
- talks of peace
- talks of procedural nature
- talks on a range of issues
- talks on conventional stability
- talks open
- talks overran by half an hour
- talks overshadowed by smth
- talks produced no results
- talks reconvene
- talks remain deadlocked
- talks restart
- talks resume
- talks stalled over the issue
- talks under the auspices of smb
- talks went into the small hours of the morning
- talks went late into the night
- talks went on late into the night
- talks went smoothly
- talks were due to start a month ago
- talks were not conclusive
- talks were suspended
- talks were warm, friendly and cordial
- talks will cover smth
- talks will focus on smth
- talks will go ahead
- talks will take place at the undersecretaries of foreign affairs level
- talks will yield an agreement
- talks with smb are not acceptable
- talks with the mediation of smb
- talks without preconditions
- talks would make little headway
- the agreement was signed at the end of 5 days of talks
- the area affected in the talks
- the outcome of the talks is not easy to predict
- the pace of the talks is slow
- the progress of the talks
- there was a sense of achievement at the end of the talks
- this problem will be at the heart of the talks
- those in the talks
- three days of talks have failed to make any tangible progress
- three-sided talks
- three-way talks
- too much talks and not enough action
- top-level talks
- touchstone of progress in the talks
- trade talks
- trilateral talks
- tripartite talks
- two-way talks
- umbrella peace talks
- unconditional talks
- United Nations-mediated talks
- United Nations-sponsored talks
- unity talks
- unofficial talk
- unproductive talks
- unscheduled talks
- useful talks
- walkout from the talks
- weighty talks
- wide range of talks
- wide-ranging talks
- workmanlike talks 2. vвести беседу, разговариватьto talk about smth — вести переговоры о чем-л.
to talk to smb direct — вести с кем-л. прямые переговоры
to talk to smb through a third party — вести переговоры с кем-л. через посредника
to talk tough — вести беседу / говорить резко
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49 progress
1. nounour progress has been slow — wir sind nur langsam vorangekommen
in progress — im Gange
progress of science/civilization — wissenschaftlicher/kultureller Fortschritt
make progress — vorankommen; [Student, Patient:] Fortschritte machen
make good progress [towards recovery] — [Patient:] sich gut erholen
2. intransitive verbsome progress was made — es wurden einige Fortschritte erzielt
1) (move forward) vorankommen2) (be carried on, develop) Fortschritte machen3. transitive verbprogress towards something — einer Sache (Dat.) näherkommen
* * *1. ['prəuɡres, ]( American[) 'pro-] noun1) (movement forward; advance: the progress of civilization.) die Entwicklung2) (improvement: The students are making (good) progress.) der Fortschritt2. [prə'ɡres] verb1) (to go forward: We had progressed only a few miles when the car broke down.) fortschreiten2) (to improve: Your French is progressing.) vorwärtskommen•- academic.ru/58269/progressive">progressive3. noun(the progressive (tense) (also the continuous tense): The sentence `They were watching TV'. is in the progressive.)- progressively- progressiveness
- in progress* * *pro·gressI. n[ˈprəʊgres, AM ˈprɑ:g-]to make slow/good \progress langsam/gut vorwärtskommen [o vorankommen\progress was slow in the early stages of the project in seinem Anfangsstadium kam das Projekt nur schleppend voranto make [good/slow] \progress [gute/langsame] Fortschritte machento be in \progress im Gange sein; ADMIN in Bearbeitung seinthe talks are in \progress die Gespräche laufen [gerade]5.<pl -es>II. vi[prə(ʊ)ˈgres, AM prəˈ-]1. (develop) Fortschritte machenhow's the work \progressing? wie geht's mit der Arbeit voran?the patient seems to be \progressing well der Patient scheint gute Fortschritte zu machenwe started talking about literature then \progressed to politics wir begannen über Literatur zu sprechen und kamen dann auf Politik* * *['prəʊgres]1. n1) no pl (= movement forwards) Fortschreiten nt, Vorwärtskommen nt; (MIL) Vorrücken nt, Vordringen ntwe made slow progress through the mud —
2) no pl (= advance) Fortschritt m; (COMPUT) (Verarbeitungs)status mto make (good/slow) progress — (gute/langsame) Fortschritte machen
3)"silence please, meeting in progress" — "Sitzung! Ruhe bitte"
4) (obs: journey) Reise f2. vi[prə'gres]1) (= move, go forward) sich vorwärtsbewegen, vorwärtsschreitenby the third day the enemy/expedition had progressed as far as... — am dritten Tag war der Feind bis... vorgerückt or vorgedrungen/die Expedition bis... vorgedrungen or gekommen
2)as the game progressed — im Laufe des Spiels
3) (= improve, make progress student, patient) Fortschritte machenhow far have you progressed since our last meeting? —
investigations are progressing well — die Untersuchungen kommen gut voran or machen gute Fortschritte
we are, in fact, progressing toward(s) a solution —
that civilization is constantly progressing (toward(s) a state of perfection) — dass sich die Zivilisation ständig (auf einen Zustand der Perfektion hin) weiterentwickelt
4)the employee progresses upwards through the company hierarchy — der Angestellte macht seinen Weg durch die Firmenhierarchie
3. vt[prə'gres] (ESP COMM) matters etc weiterverfolgen* * *A s [ˈprəʊɡres; US ˈprɑɡ-] (nur sg außer 8)2. fig Fortschritt m, -schritte pl:to make progress → B 3;progress chart Ist-Leistungskurve f;progress engineer Entwicklungsingenieur(in);progress report Tätigkeits-, Zwischenbericht m3. fig fortschreitende Entwicklung:in progress im Werden (begriffen) ( → A 6)4. fig Fortschreiten n5. MIL Vordringen n6. fig Fortgang m, (Ver)Lauf m:to be in progress im Gange sein ( → A 3);in progress of time im Laufe der Zeit7. fig Überhandnehmen n, Umsichgreifen n:the disease made rapid progress die Krankheit griff schnell um sich1. fig fortschreiten, weitergehen, seinen Fortgang nehmen:as the game progressed SPORT mit fortlaufender Spieldauer2. MIL vordringen3. sich (fort-, weiter)entwickeln, gedeihen ( beide:to zu) (Vorhaben etc):to progress towards completion seiner Vollendung entgegengehen4. fig überhandnehmen, um sich greifenin in dat)prog. abk1. program (programme) Progr.2. progress3. progressive* * *1. nounprogress of science/civilization — wissenschaftlicher/kultureller Fortschritt
make progress — vorankommen; [Student, Patient:] Fortschritte machen
2. intransitive verbmake good progress [towards recovery] — [Patient:] sich gut erholen
1) (move forward) vorankommen2) (be carried on, develop) Fortschritte machen3. transitive verbprogress towards something — einer Sache (Dat.) näherkommen
* * *n.Entwicklung f.Fortgang -¨e m.Fortschritt m. v.fortschreiten v.seinen Fortgang nehmen ausdr. -
50 signal
1) сигнал || сигнализировать || сигнальный2) сигнальное устройство, устройство сигнализации•- accumulating signalsto emit an alarm signal — подавать аварийный сигнал; подавать сигнал неисправности, подавать сигнал о неисправности
- acknowledgement signal
- action feedback signal
- actuating error signal
- actuating signal
- actuation signal
- actuator drive signal
- AE power signal
- AE signal
- alarm signal
- analog probe head signal
- analog signal
- audible signal
- auxiliary function completion signal
- axis designation signal
- binary signal
- blanking signal
- brake-off signal
- brake-on signal
- break signal
- bulk wave signals
- chrominance signal
- classifying signal
- coincidence signal
- collet-closed signal
- collet-open signal
- collision signal
- color difference signal
- color synchronizing signal
- command signal
- composite color signal
- composite picture signal
- composite video signal
- confirmation signal
- contact detection signal
- continuous signal
- control instruction signal
- control signal
- converted signal
- coordinate signal
- correction signal
- corrective signal
- current speed signal
- cutoff signal
- cutting load signal
- decrease signal
- demand signal
- detection signal
- digital signal
- discharge-classifying signal
- disturbance signal
- disturbing signal
- drive signal
- emergency signal
- emission signal
- end-of-block signal
- erase signal
- error signal
- excitation signal
- fall signal
- feed stop signal
- feedback control signal
- feedback data signal
- feedback loop signal
- feedback signal
- feedthrough signal
- flaw signal
- forward signal
- guidance signal
- halt signal
- high-level signal
- historical signal
- increase signal
- indicative signal
- in-position signal
- input signal
- interfering signal
- IR light signal
- low-level signal
- luminance signal
- manipulation signal
- measuring signal
- miscellaneous function signal
- model signal
- monitored signal
- monitoring signal
- motion signal
- multiplexed signal
- noisy signal
- numerical signal
- off-on signal
- OK signal
- on/off signals
- once-per-revolution signal
- output signal
- pass signal
- phase reference signal
- phase-modulation signal
- pick-off signal
- pilot signal
- position command signal
- position error signal
- position-indicating signal
- position-instructing signal
- power signal
- pressure feedback signal
- probe's signal
- program signal
- protection signal
- pull signal
- pulse signal
- PWM signal
- qualification microrpocessor signal
- quantized control signal
- random signal
- reference signal
- reference voltage signal
- reference-input signal
- reflected beam signal
- reject signal
- relevant signal
- retract signal
- return signal
- sensing signal
- set-point signal
- signal of control system
- signal of electromagnetic interference
- skip signal
- slow-down signal
- sonic signal
- sound signal
- SPC signals
- spurious signal
- square wave signal
- start signal
- starting signal
- statistical signals
- stop signal
- stopping signal
- switch signal
- synchronizing signal
- tailstock-in-position signal
- tape reference signal
- test signal
- tool change signal
- touch signal
- trigger signal
- trouble signal
- velocity feedback signal
- velocity signal
- video signal
- warning signal
- worn-tool signal
- X signal
- Y signalEnglish-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > signal
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51 time
время; период; продолжительность || устанавливать время; распределять время; рассчитывать по времени; согласовывать во времени; синхронизироватьtime in use — время использования; время работы (напр. инструмента)
time on machine — время пребывания ( обрабатываемой детали) на станке
- acceleration timeto cut time — сокращать время (напр. обработки)
- access time
- activation time
- active maintenance time
- active repair time
- activity time
- actual in-cut time
- addition time
- additional time
- adjustable laser ramp-up time
- administrative time
- aggregate travel time
- air-cutting time
- arcing time of pole
- assembly time
- assessed mean time to failure
- ATC time
- attended running time
- attenuation time
- auxiliary time
- available machine time
- available machining time
- available time
- average access time
- average time
- base cycle time
- batch change time
- batch lead time
- batch run time
- block execution time
- block processing time
- bounce time
- braking time to standstill
- braking time
- break time
- breakdown time
- bridging time
- build time
- build-up time
- cam idle time
- cell production time
- changeover cut-to-cut time
- changeover time
- characteristic time
- charge time
- chip-cutting time
- chip-making time
- chip-to-chip toolchange time
- clock cycle time
- closing time
- combined travel/load time
- commissioning time
- component cycle time
- component inspection time
- component time
- computed machine time
- computing time
- control flow time
- control time
- conversion time
- correction time
- corrective maintenance time
- c-percentile storageability time
- c-percentile time to failure
- cumulative cutting time
- cure time
- current fall time
- current rise time
- cut time
- cutting time
- cut-to-cut time
- cycle time
- dead cycle time
- dead time
- debugging time
- delay time
- delivery time
- depalletizing time
- derivative action time
- derricking time
- detection time
- direct manufacture time
- disengaging time
- division time
- door-to-door time
- double-stroke time
- down time
- dry-cycle time
- dwell time
- effective cutting time
- effective dead time
- empty running time
- end-of-job time
- equispaced times
- equivalent running time for wear
- eroding time
- erosion time
- estimation time
- execution time
- exposure time
- fall time
- fast response time
- finishing time
- first-off machining time
- fitting time
- fixture lead time
- floor-to-floor time
- flow time
- forward recovery time
- frame time
- full brazing time
- full operating time
- full soldering time
- gate controlled turn-off delay time
- gate controlled turn-off fall time
- gate controlled turn-off time
- grinding time
- gripper-changing time
- head-changing time
- hobbing time
- holding time
- idle time
- index time
- indexing time
- innovation time
- in-process time
- integral action time
- interarrival time
- interoperation time
- interpolation delay time
- jaw-adjusting time
- job completion time
- job finish time
- laser interaction time
- laser shutter opening time
- laser weld tempering time
- laser-beam dwell time
- laser-beam interaction time
- lead time
- learning time
- loading time
- machine down time
- machine repair time
- machine run time
- machine slack time
- machine wait time
- machine-setting time
- machine-setup time
- machining floor-to-floor time
- machining time
- machining-cycle time
- maintenance down time
- maintenance time
- make time
- manual machining time
- manufacturing cycle time
- manufacturing lead time
- material to end product lead time
- maximum resetting time
- mean time between failures
- mean time to failure
- mean time to repair
- measuring run time
- metal-to-metal time
- minimum accelerating time
- minimum braking time
- move time
- moving time
- multiplication time
- NC machining time
- NC program debug time
- no-failure operating time
- noncut time
- noncutting time
- nonmachining time
- nonproductive machine time
- nonrequired time
- numerical processing time
- observed mean time to failure
- off-machine process time
- off-shift machine down time
- off-shift slack time
- opening time
- operate time
- operating spindle time
- operating time
- operation cycle time
- operation time
- operator's attention time
- operator's reaction time
- operator's time
- optimized contact time
- out-of-cut machine time
- out-of-cut time
- output cycle time
- overall cycle time
- overall lead time
- pallet change time
- pallet processing time
- pallet shuttle time
- parasitic time
- part turnaround time
- partial operating time
- part-waiting time
- payback time
- periodic time
- pickup time
- piece sequence time
- piece time
- planned loading time
- planning lead time
- planning time
- predicted mean time to failure
- preparatory time
- preset operating time before corrective adjustment
- preset operating time
- preset time
- probing time
- process response time
- process time
- processing time
- product development lead time
- product flow time
- product lead time
- production lead time
- production time per piece
- production time per unit
- production time
- productive time
- profiling time
- programming time
- prorated time
- protective power time
- pulse decay time
- pulse response time
- pulse rise time
- pulse time
- queue time
- queueing time
- rapid response time
- reading time
- readout time
- real time
- rechucking time
- recognition time
- recovery time
- release time
- releasing time
- remaining life time
- repair/down cost time
- required time
- reset time
- residence time of materials
- response time
- restoration time
- return time
- reverse recovery current fall time
- reverse recovery current rise time
- reverse recovery time
- rise time
- robot down time
- roughing time
- run time
- running time
- running-in time
- safety lead time
- sampling time
- scan time
- schedule time
- scheduled time
- sensing time
- series machining time
- service time of the tool
- servicing time
- servo update time
- setter time
- setting time
- settling time
- setup time
- ship time
- slack time
- soaking time
- software execution time
- specified no-failure operating time
- specified operating time
- specified time
- spindle cutting time
- spindle run time
- stabilization time
- stand time
- standard handling time
- standard piece time
- starting time
- start-up time
- station time
- station-to-station time
- step response time
- stopping time
- storage cycle time
- storage time
- storageability time
- switching time
- switch-over time
- system time
- table-indexing time
- tape-preparation time
- tape-turnaround time
- target build time
- target time
- teach time
- throughput time
- time of starting
- tool change time
- tool exchange time
- tool index time
- tool life time
- tool-cutting time
- tool-in-cut time
- tooling-response time
- tool-setup time
- tool-to-tool changing time
- total access time
- total changeover time
- total equivalent running time for strength
- total equivalent running time for wear
- total manufacturing cycle time
- total running time
- total sequence time
- to-the-minute time
- transfer time
- transient time
- transit time
- transition time
- traveling time
- turnaround time
- turn-off time
- turn-on time
- undetected failure time
- unit cycle time
- unit production time
- unit time
- up time
- update time
- updating time
- vehicle time per hour
- vehicle-use time
- waiting time
- wakeup time
- warm-up time
- wasted time
- work-change time
- work-cycle time
- work-in-process time
- wrench time
- zero ATC timeEnglish-Russian dictionary of mechanical engineering and automation > time
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52 beginning
1. n началоbeginning of a stroke — занос, начало гребка
2. n исходная точка; источник, происхождение3. n истоки; начальная стадия4. n рел. первопричина; начало всех началa bad beginning makes a bad ending — плохое начало — плохой и конец
5. a начальный, вводныйСинонимический ряд:1. elementary (adj.) basal; basic; elemental; elementary; rudimental; rudimentary; simplest2. first (adj.) early; first3. initial (adj.) basic; dawning; first; inceptive; incipient; initial; initiative; initiatory; introductory; nascent; primary4. opening (noun) alpha; arising; commencement; dawn; dawning; day spring; emergence; genesis; inauguration; inception; initiation; launching; leadoff; nascence; onset; opening; opening gun; outset; outstart; setout; spring; start5. origin (noun) ancestry; birth; conception; creation; font; generation; origin; rise; source6. commencing (verb) approaching; arising; beginning; commencing; embarking; embarking on; embarking upon; entering; getting off; inaugurating; initiating; jumping off; kicking off; launching; leading off; opening; originating; set out; set to; setting to; starting; take on; take up; taking up; teeing off; undertakingАнтонимический ряд:completion; conclusion; consummation; end; finish; goal -
53 Chronology
15,000-3,000 BCE Paleolithic cultures in western Portugal.400-200 BCE Greek and Carthaginian trade settlements on coast.202 BCE Roman armies invade ancient Lusitania.137 BCE Intensive Romanization of Lusitania begins.410 CE Germanic tribes — Suevi and Visigoths—begin conquest of Roman Lusitania and Galicia.714—16 Muslims begin conquest of Visigothic Lusitania.1034 Christian Reconquest frontier reaches Mondego River.1064 Christians conquer Coimbra.1139 Burgundian Count Afonso Henriques proclaims himself king of Portugal; birth of Portugal. Battle of Ourique: Afonso Henriques defeats Muslims.1147 With English Crusaders' help, Portuguese seize Lisbon from Muslims.1179 Papacy formally recognizes Portugal's independence (Pope Alexander III).1226 Campaign to reclaim Alentejo from Muslims begins.1249 Last Muslim city (Silves) falls to Portuguese Army.1381 Beginning of third war between Castile and Portugal.1383 Master of Aviz, João, proclaimed regent by Lisbon populace.1385 April: Master of Aviz, João I, proclaimed king of Portugal by Cortes of Coimbra. 14 August: Battle of Aljubarrota, Castilians defeated by royal forces, with assistance of English army.1394 Birth of "Prince Henry the Navigator," son of King João I.1415 Beginning of overseas expansion as Portugal captures Moroccan city of Ceuta.1419 Discovery of Madeira Islands.1425-28 Prince D. Pedro, older brother of Prince Henry, travels in Europe.1427 Discovery (or rediscovery?) of Azores Islands.1434 Prince Henry the Navigator's ships pass beyond Cape Bojador, West Africa.1437 Disaster at Tangier, Morocco, as Portuguese fail to capture city.1441 First African slaves from western Africa reach Portugal.1460 Death of Prince Henry. Portuguese reach what is now Senegal, West Africa.1470s Portuguese explore West African coast and reach what is now Ghana and Nigeria and begin colonizing islands of São Tomé and Príncipe.1479 Treaty of Alcáçovas between kings of Portugal and Spain.1482 Portuguese establish post at São Jorge da Mina, Gold Coast (now Ghana).1482-83 Portuguese navigator Diogo Cão reaches mouth of Congo River and Angola.1488 Navigator Bartolomeu Dias rounds Cape of Good Hope, South Africa, and finds route to Indian Ocean.1492-93 Columbus's first voyage to West Indies.1493 Columbus visits Azores and Portugal on return from first voyage; tells of discovery of New World. Treaty of Tordesillas signed between kings of Portugal and Spain: delimits spheres of conquest with line 370 leagues west of Cape Verde Islands (claimed by Portugal); Portugal's sphere to east of line includes, in effect, Brazil.King Manuel I and Royal Council decide to continue seeking all-water route around Africa to Asia.King Manuel I expels unconverted Jews from Portugal.1497-99 Epic voyage of Vasco da Gama from Portugal around Africa to west India, successful completion of sea route to Asia project; da Gama returns to Portugal with samples of Asian spices.1500 Bound for India, Navigator Pedro Álvares Cabral "discovers" coast of Brazil and claims it for Portugal.1506 Anti-Jewish riots in Lisbon.Battle of Diu, India; Portugal's command of Indian Ocean assured for some time with Francisco de Almeida's naval victory over Egyptian and Gujerati fleets.Afonso de Albuquerque conquers Goa, India; beginning of Portuguese hegemony in south Asia.Portuguese conquest of Malacca; commerce in Spice Islands.1519 Magellan begins circumnavigation voyage.1536 Inquisition begins in Portugal.1543 Portuguese merchants reach Japan.1557 Portuguese merchants granted Chinese territory of Macau for trading factory.1572 Luís de Camões publishes epic poem, Os Lusíadas.1578 Battle of Alcácer-Quivir; Moroccan forces defeat army of King Sebastião of Portugal; King Sebastião dies in battle. Portuguese succession crisis.1580 King Phillip II of Spain claims and conquers Portugal; Spanish rule of Portugal, 1580-1640.1607-24 Dutch conquer sections of Asia and Brazil formerly held by Portugal.1640 1 December: Portuguese revolution in Lisbon overthrows Spanish rule, restores independence. Beginning of Portugal's Braganza royal dynasty.1654 Following Dutch invasions and conquest of parts of Brazil and Angola, Dutch expelled by force.1661 Anglo-Portuguese Alliance treaty signed: England pledges to defend Portugal "as if it were England itself." Queen Catherine of Bra-ganza marries England's Charles II.1668 February: In Portuguese-Spanish peace treaty, Spain recognizes independence of Portugal, thus ending 28-year War of Restoration.1703 Methuen Treaties signed, key commercial trade agreement and defense treaty between England and Portugal.1750 Pombal becomes chief minister of King José I.1755 1 November: Massive Lisbon earthquake, tidal wave, and fire.1759 Expulsion of Jesuits from Portugal and colonies.1761 Slavery abolished in continental Portugal.1769 Abandonment of Mazagão, Morocco, last Portuguese outpost.1777 Pombal dismissed as chief minister by Queen Maria I, after death of José I.1791 Portugal and United States establish full diplomatic relations.1807 November: First Napoleonic invasion; French forces under Junot conquer Portugal. Royal family flees to colony of Brazil and remains there until 1821.1809 Second French invasion of Portugal under General Soult.1811 Third French invasion of Portugal under General Masséna.1813 Following British general Wellington's military victories, French forces evacuate Portugal.1817 Liberal, constitutional movements against absolutist monarchist rule break out in Brazil (Pernambuco) and Portugal (Lisbon, under General Gomes Freire); crushed by government. British marshal of Portugal's army, Beresford, rules Portugal.Liberal insurrection in army officer corps breaks out in Cadiz, Spain, and influences similar movement in Portugal's armed forces first in Oporto.King João VI returns from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, and early draft of constitution; era of constitutional monarchy begins.1822 7 September: João VI's son Pedro proclaims independence ofBrazil from Portugal and is named emperor. 23 September: Constitution of 1822 ratified.Portugal recognizes sovereign independence of Brazil.King João VI dies; power struggle for throne ensues between his sons, brothers Pedro and Miguel; Pedro, emperor of Brazil, abdicates Portuguese throne in favor of his daughter, D. Maria II, too young to assume crown. By agreement, Miguel, uncle of D. Maria, is to accept constitution and rule in her stead.1828 Miguel takes throne and abolishes constitution. Sections of Portugal rebel against Miguelite rule.1831 Emperor Pedro abdicates throne of Brazil and returns to Portugal to expel King Miguel from Portuguese throne.1832-34 Civil war between absolutist King Miguel and constitutionalist Pedro, who abandons throne of Brazil to restore his young daughter Maria to throne of Portugal; Miguel's armed forces defeated by those of Pedro. Miguel leaves for exile and constitution (1826 Charter) is restored.1834-53 Constitutional monarchy consolidated under rule of Queen Maria II, who dies in 1853.1851-71 Regeneration period of economic development and political stability; public works projects sponsored by Minister Fontes Pereira de Melo.1871-90 Rotativism period of alternating party governments; achieves political stability and less military intervention in politics and government. Expansion of colonial territory in tropical Africa.January: Following territorial dispute in central Africa, Britain delivers "Ultimatum" to Portugal demanding withdrawal of Portugal's forces from what is now Malawi and Zimbabwe. Portugal's government, humiliated in accepting demand under threat of a diplomatic break, falls. Beginning of governmental and political instability; monarchist decline and republicanism's rise.Anglo-Portuguese treaties signed relating to delimitation of frontiers in colonial Africa.1899 Treaty of Windsor; renewal of Anglo-Portuguese defense and friendship alliance.1903 Triumphal visit of King Edward VII to Portugal.1906 Politician João Franco supported by King Carlos I in dictatorship to restore order and reform.1908 1 February: Murder in Lisbon of King Carlos I and his heir apparent, Prince Dom Luís, by Portuguese anarchists. Eighteen-year-old King Manuel II assumes throne.1910 3-5 October: Following republican-led military insurrection in armed forces, monarchy falls and first Portuguese republic is proclaimed. Beginning of unstable, economically troubled, parliamentary republic form of government.May: Violent insurrection in Lisbon overturns government of General Pimenta de Castro; nearly a thousand casualties from several days of armed combat in capital.March: Following Portugal's honoring ally Britain's request to confiscate German shipping in Portuguese harbors, Germany declares war on Portugal; Portugal enters World War I on Allied side.Portugal organizes and dispatches Portuguese Expeditionary Corps to fight on the Western Front. 9 April: Portuguese forces mauled by German offensive in Battle of Lys. Food rationing and riots in Lisbon. Portuguese military operations in Mozambique against German expedition's invasion from German East Africa. 5 December: Authoritarian, presidentialist government under Major Sidónio Pais takes power in Lisbon, following a successful military coup.1918 11 November: Armistice brings cessation of hostilities on Western Front in World War I. Portuguese expeditionary forces stationed in Angola, Mozambique, and Flanders begin return trip to Portugal. 14 December: President Sidónio Pais assassinated. Chaotic period of ephemeral civil war ensues.1919-21 Excessively unstable political period, including January1919 abortive effort of Portuguese monarchists to restore Braganza dynasty to power. Republican forces prevail, but level of public violence, economic distress, and deprivation remains high.1921 October: Political violence attains peak with murder of former prime minister and other prominent political figures in Lisbon. Sectors of armed forces and Guarda Nacional Republicana are mutinous. Year of financial and corruption scandals, including Portuguese bank note (fraud) case; military court acquits guilty military insurrectionists, and one military judge declares "the country is sick."28 May: Republic overthrown by military coup or pronunciamento and conspiracy among officer corps. Parliament's doors locked and parliament closed for nearly nine years to January 1935. End of parliamentary republic, Western Europe's most unstable political system in this century, beginning of the Portuguese dictatorship, after 1930 known as the Estado Novo. Officer corps assumes reins of government, initiates military censorship of the press, and suppresses opposition.February: Military dictatorship under General Óscar Carmona crushes failed republican armed insurrection in Oporto and Lisbon.April: Military dictatorship names Professor Antônio de Oliveira Salazar minister of finance, with dictatorial powers over budget, to stabilize finances and rebuild economy. Insurrectionism among military elements continues into 1931.1930 Dr. Salazar named minister for colonies and announces balanced budgets. Salazar consolidates support by various means, including creation of official regime "movement," the National Union. Salazar engineers Colonial Act to ensure Lisbon's control of bankrupt African colonies by means of new fiscal controls and centralization of authority. July: Military dictatorship names Salazar prime minister for first time, and cabinet composition undergoes civilianization; academic colleagues and protégés plan conservative reform and rejuvenation of society, polity, and economy. Regime comes to be called the Estado Novo (New State). New State's constitution ratified by new parliament, the National Assembly; Portugal described in document as "unitary, corporative Republic" and governance influenced by Salazar's stern personality and doctrines such as integralism, Catholicism, and fiscal conservatism.1936 Violent instability and ensuing civil war in neighboring Spain, soon internationalized by fascist and communist intervention, shake Estado Novo regime. Pseudofascist period of regime features creation of imitation Fascist institutions to defend regime from leftist threats; Portugal institutes "Portuguese Youth" and "Portuguese Legion."1939 3 September: Prime Minister Salazar declares Portugal's neutrality in World War II. October: Anglo-Portuguese agreement grants naval and air base facilities to Britain and later to United States for Battle of the Atlantic and Normandy invasion support. Third Reich protests breach of Portugal's neutrality.6 June: On day of Allies' Normandy invasion, Portugal suspends mining and export of wolfram ore to both sides in war.8 May: Popular celebrations of Allied victory and Fascist defeat in Lisbon and Oporto coincide with Victory in Europe Day. Following managed elections for Estado Novo's National Assembly in November, regime police, renamed PIDE, with increased powers, represses opposition.1947 Abortive military coup in central Portugal easily crushed by regime. Independence of India and initiation of Indian protests against Portuguese colonial rule in Goa and other enclaves.1949 Portugal becomes founding member of NATO.1951 Portugal alters constitution and renames overseas colonies "Overseas Provinces." Portugal and United States sign military base agreements for use of air and naval facilities in Azores Islands and military aid to Lisbon. President Carmona dies in office, succeeded by General Craveiro Lopes (1951-58). July: Indians occupy enclave of Portuguese India (dependency of Damão) by means of passive resistance movement. August: Indian passive resistance movement in Portuguese India repelled by Portuguese forces with loss of life. December: With U.S. backing, Portugal admitted as member of United Nations (along with Spain). Air force general Humberto Delgado, in opposition, challenges Estado Novo's hand-picked successor to Craveiro Lopes, Admiral Américo Tomás. Delgado rallies coalition of democratic, liberal, and communist opposition but loses rigged election and later flees to exile in Brazil. Portugal joins European Free Trade Association (EFTA).January and February: Estado Novo rocked by armed African insurrection in northern Angola, crushed by armed forces. Hijacking of Portuguese ocean liner by ally of Delgado, Captain Henrique Galvão. April: Salazar defeats attempted military coup and reshuffles cabinet with group of younger figures who seek to reform colonial rule and strengthen the regime's image abroad. 18 December: Indian army rapidly defeats Portugal's defense force in Goa, Damão, and Diu and incorporates Portugal's Indian possessions into Indian Union. January: Abortive military coup in Beja, Portugal.1965 February: General Delgado and his Brazilian secretary murdered and secretly buried near Spanish frontier by political police, PIDE.1968 August and September: Prime Minister Salazar, aged 79, suffers crippling stoke. President Tomás names former cabinet officer Marcello Caetano as Salazar's successor. Caetano institutes modest reforms in Portugal and overseas.1971 Caetano government ratifies amended constitution that allows slight devolution and autonomy to overseas provinces in Africa and Asia. Right-wing loyalists oppose reforms in Portugal. 25 April: Military coup engineered by Armed Forces Movement overthrows Estado Novo and establishes provisional government emphasizing democratization, development, and decolonization. Limited resistance by loyalists. President Tomás and Premier Caetano flown to exile first in Madeira and then in Brazil. General Spínola appointed president. September: Revolution moves to left, as President Spínola, thwarted in his program, resigns.March: Military coup by conservative forces fails, and leftist response includes nationalization of major portion of economy. Polarization between forces and parties of left and right. 25 November: Military coup by moderate military elements thwarts leftist forces. Constituent Assembly prepares constitution. Revolution moves from left to center and then right.March: Constitution ratified by Assembly of the Republic. 25 April: Second general legislative election gives largest share of seats to Socialist Party (PS). Former oppositionist lawyer, Mário Soares, elected deputy and named prime minister.1977-85 Political pendulum of democratic Portugal moves from center-left to center-right, as Social Democratic Party (PSD) increases hold on assembly and take office under Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. July1985 elections give edge to PSD who advocate strong free-enterprise measures and revision of leftist-generated 1976 Constitution, amended modestly in 1982.1986 January: Portugal joins European Economic Community (EEC).1987 July: General, legislative elections for assembly give more than 50 percent to PSD led by Prime Minister Cavaco Silva. For first time, since 1974, Portugal has a working majority government.1989 June: Following revisions of 1976 Constitution, reprivatization of economy begins, under PS government.January: Presidential elections, Mário Soares reelected for second term. July: General, legislative elections for assembly result in new PSD victory and majority government.January-July: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Economic Community (EEC). December: Tariff barriers fall as fully integrated Common Market established in the EEC.November: Treaty of Maastricht comes into force. The EEC officially becomes the European Union (EU). Portugal is signatory with 11 other member-nations.October: General, legislative elections for assembly result in PS victory and naming of Prime Minister Guterres. PS replace PSD as leading political party. November: Excavations for Lisbon bank uncover ancient Phoenician, Roman, and Christian ruins.January: General, presidential elections; socialist Jorge Sampaio defeats PSD's Cavaco Silva and assumes presidency from Dr. Mário Soares. July: Community of Portuguese Languages Countries (CPLP) cofounded by Portugal and Brazil.May-September: Expo '98 held in Lisbon. Opening of Vasco da Gama Bridge across Tagus River, Europe's longest (17 kilometers/ 11 miles). June: National referendum on abortion law change defeated after low voter turnout. November: National referendum on regionaliza-tion and devolution of power defeated after another low voter turnout.October: General, legislative elections: PS victory over PSD lacks clear majority in parliament. Following East Timor referendum, which votes for independence and withdrawal of Indonesia, outburst of popular outrage in streets, media, and communications of Portugal approves armed intervention and administration of United Nations (and withdrawal of Indonesia) in East Timor. Portugal and Indonesia restore diplomatic relations. December: A Special Territory since 1975, Colony of Macau transferred to sovereignty of People's Republic of China.January-June: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the EU; end of Discoveries Historical Commemoration Cycle (1988-2000).United Nations forces continue to occupy and administer former colony of East Timor, with Portugal's approval.January: General, presidential elections; PS president Sampaio reelected for second term. City of Oporto, "European City of Culture" for the year, hosts arts festival. December: Municipal elections: PSD defeats PS; socialist prime minister Guterres resigns; President Sampaio calls March parliamentary elections.1 January: Portugal enters single European Currency system. Euro currency adopted and ceases use of former national currency, the escudo. March: Parliamentary elections; PSD defeats PS and José Durão Barroso becomes prime minister. Military modernization law passed. Portugal holds chairmanship of Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE).May: Municipal law passed permitting municipalities to reorganize in new ways.June: Prime Minister Durão Barroso, invited to succeed Romano Prodi as president of EU Commission, resigns. Pedro Santana Lopes becomes prime minister. European Parliament elections held. Conscription for national service in army and navy ended. Mass grave uncovered at Academy of Sciences Museum, Lisbon, revealing remains of several thousand victims of Lisbon earthquake, 1755.February: Parliamentary elections; PS defeats PSD, socialists win first absolute majority in parliament since 1975. José Sócrates becomes prime minister.January: Presidential elections; PSD candidate Aníbal Cavaco Silva elected and assumes presidency from Jorge Sampaio. Portugal's national soccer team ranked 7th out of 205 countries by international soccer association. European Union's Bologna Process in educational reform initiated in Portugal.July-December: Portugal holds presidency of the Council of the European Union. For reasons of economy, Portugal announces closure of many consulates, especially in France and the eastern US. Government begins official inspections of private institutions of higher education, following scandals.2008 January: Prime Minister Sócrates announces location of new Lisbon area airport as Alcochete, on south bank of Tagus River, site of air force shooting range. February: Portuguese Army begins to receive new modern battle tanks (Leopard 2 A6). March: Mass protest of 85,000 public school (primary and secondary levels) teachers in Lisbon schools dispute recent educational policies of minister of education and prime minister. -
54 acceptance phase
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