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21 damm
dust, powder; dam, basin, dike, penstock, pond, weiravfallsdamm; tailing dam, tailing pondavledningsdamm; diversion dambranddamm; fire dameldfarligt damm; ignitable dustfångdamm; catch basinhögvattendamm; flood-protection daminert damm; inert dustjorddamm; dikeklarningsdamm; settling pondkoldamm; coal dustkoncentratdamm; slurry pondluftburet damm; airborne dustmagasineringsdamm; retaining dampelardamm; buttress damreglerdamm; barrageslamdamm; slurry pondstendamm; rock dust, stone dust, stone powdervalvdamm; arch damöverfallsdamm; overflow weir -
22 pulvis
pulvis, ĕris (nom. pulver, App. Herb. 35; Theod. Prisc. 1, 30; 2, 32; cf. Prisc. p. 707 P.), m. ( fem., Enn. ap. Non. 217, 11 sq.; Prop. 1, 22, 6; 2, 13, 35 (3, 5, 19);I.and also,
masc., id. 1, 17, 23; 1, 19, 6; 4 (5), 9, 31).Lit., dust, powder: jamque fere pulvis ad caelum vasta videtur, Enn. ap. Non. 217, 11 (Ann. v. 286 Vahl.): fulva, id. ap. Non. 217, 13 (Ann. v. 319 ib.):II.si multus erat in calceis pulvis,
Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 47; Lucr. 3, 381:pulveris nebula,
id. 5, 254:Romani pulveris vim magnam animadvortunt,
Sall. J. 53, 1; Caes. B. C. 2, 26:qui (ventus) nubes pulveris vehit,
Liv. 22, 43:prospectum oculorum nubes pulveris abstulerat,
Curt. 4, 15, 32; 5, 13, 12; Sil. 2, 174:subitam nigro glomerari pulvere nubem Prospiciunt,
Verg. A. 9, 33:pulvis collectus turbine,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 31:pulverem Olympicum Collegisse,
id. C. 1, 1, 3:crinis pulvere collines,
id. ib. 1, 15, 20:pulvere sparsi juvenes,
Phaedr. 4, 24, 22:tum caeco pulvere campus Miscetur,
Verg. A. 12, 444:pulverem excutere,
Ov. A. A. 1, 150:sedare,
Phaedr. 2, 5, 18:movere,
Quint. 5, 10, 81:excitare,
Col. Arb. 12:glaebam in pulverem resolvere,
id. 11, 2, 60: eruditus, the dust or sand in which mathematicians drew their figures, Cic. N. D. 2, 18, 48; cf. id. Tusc. 5, 23, 64:formas in pulvere describere,
Liv. 25, 31; Pers. 1, 131:amomi,
dust, powder, Ov. Tr. 3, 3, 69:carbonis,
coal-dust, id. A. A. 3, 628. — Poet.:Etrusca,
i. e. soil, Prop. 1, 22, 6; so of potters' earth, Mart. 14, 1021; 1141; of volcanic ashes:Puteolanus,
pozzolana, Stat. S. 4, 3, 53; Sen. Q. N. 3, 20, 3; Plin. 35, 13, 47, § 166.—Of the dust or ashes of the dead:pulvis et umbra sumus,
Hor. C. 4, 7, 16 al.; cf.:pulvis es et in pulverem reverteris,
Vulg. Gen. 3, 19:hibernus,
i. e. a dry winter, Verg. G. 1, 101.—Esp.: pulvis belli, war:formosus pulvere belli,
Mart. 8, 65, 3:duces Non indecoro pulvere sordidi,
Hor. C. 2, 1, 22:in pulverem Martium tractus,
Amm. 16, 1, 5:exercitus pulvere coalitus Martio,
id. 21, 12, 22.—In plur.:novendiales,
Hor. Epod. 17, 48:cineris pulveres,
Pall. 3, 25, 14 (cf. id. 11, 14, 15):pulverum mole degravante,
Plin. 11, 24, 28, § 83; cf. Gell. 19, 8, 13:natio ad pulveres Martios erudita,
Amm. 23, 6, 83.—Prov.: sulcos in pulvere ducere, to draw furrows in the sand, i. e. to give one's self useless trouble, Juv. 7, 48: pulverem ob oculos aspergere, to throw dust in one's eyes, i. e. to deceive, Gell. 5, 21, 4.—Transf.A. 2.In gen., a scene of action, field (cf. arena):B.doctrinam ex umbraculis eruditorum in solem atque pulverem produxit,
i. e. before the public, Cic. Leg. 3, 6, 14; cf. Hor. C. 1, 8, 4:educenda dictio est in agmen, in pulverem,
Cic. de Or. 1, 34, 157:forensis pulvis,
Quint. 10, 1, 33:inque suo noster pulvere currat equus,
on his own field, within his own territory, Ov. F. 2, 360.— -
23 Abel, Sir Frederick August
[br]b. 17 July 1827 Woolwich, London, Englandd. 6 September 1902 Westminster, London, England[br]English chemist, co-inventor of cordite find explosives expert.[br]His family came from Germany and he was the son of a music master. He first became interested in science at the age of 14, when visiting his mineralogist uncle in Hamburg, and studied chemistry at the Royal Polytechnic Institution in London. In 1845 he became one of the twenty-six founding students, under A.W.von Hofmann, of the Royal College of Chemistry. Such was his aptitude for the subject that within two years he became von Hermann's assistant and demonstrator. In 1851 Abel was appointed Lecturer in Chemistry, succeeding Michael Faraday, at the Royal Military Academy, Woolwich, and it was while there that he wrote his Handbook of Chemistry, which was co-authored by his assistant, Charles Bloxam.Abel's four years at the Royal Military Academy served to foster his interest in explosives, but it was during his thirty-four years, beginning in 1854, as Ordnance Chemist at the Royal Arsenal and at Woolwich that he consolidated and developed his reputation as one of the international leaders in his field. In 1860 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society, but it was his studies during the 1870s into the chemical changes that occur during explosions, and which were the subject of numerous papers, that formed the backbone of his work. It was he who established the means of storing gun-cotton without the danger of spontaneous explosion, but he also developed devices (the Abel Open Test and Close Test) for measuring the flashpoint of petroleum. He also became interested in metal alloys, carrying out much useful work on their composition. A further avenue of research occurred in 1881 when he was appointed a member of the Royal Commission set up to investigate safety in mines after the explosion that year in the Sealham Colliery. His resultant study on dangerous dusts did much to further understanding on the use of explosives underground and to improve the safety record of the coal-mining industry. The achievement for which he is most remembered, however, came in 1889, when, in conjunction with Sir James Dewar, he invented cordite. This stable explosive, made of wood fibre, nitric acid and glycerine, had the vital advantage of being a "smokeless powder", which meant that, unlike the traditional ammunition propellant, gunpowder ("black powder"), the firer's position was not given away when the weapon was discharged. Although much of the preliminary work had been done by the Frenchman Paul Vieille, it was Abel who perfected it, with the result that cordite quickly became the British Army's standard explosive.Abel married, and was widowed, twice. He had no children, but died heaped in both scientific honours and those from a grateful country.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsGrand Commander of the Royal Victorian Order 1901. Knight Commander of the Most Honourable Order of the Bath 1891 (Commander 1877). Knighted 1883. Created Baronet 1893. FRS 1860. President, Chemical Society 1875–7. President, Institute of Chemistry 1881–2. President, Institute of Electrical Engineers 1883. President, Iron and Steel Institute 1891. Chairman, Society of Arts 1883–4. Telford Medal 1878, Royal Society Royal Medal 1887, Albert Medal (Society of Arts) 1891, Bessemer Gold Medal 1897. Hon. DCL (Oxon.) 1883, Hon. DSc (Cantab.) 1888.Bibliography1854, with C.L.Bloxam, Handbook of Chemistry: Theoretical, Practical and Technical, London: John Churchill; 2nd edn 1858.Besides writing numerous scientific papers, he also contributed several articles to The Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1875–89, 9th edn.Further ReadingDictionary of National Biography, 1912, Vol. 1, Suppl. 2, London: Smith, Elder.CMBiographical history of technology > Abel, Sir Frederick August
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24 пылеугольная установка
1) Geology: powder fuel plant2) Railway term: coal pulverising plant3) Energy system: coal-fired unit (напр. http://uran.donetsk.ua/\пылеугольная установкаmasters/2009/fizmet/muntyan/library/article5.htm)Универсальный русско-английский словарь > пылеугольная установка
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25 уголь пылевидный
Русско-английский (-немецко, -французский) металлургический словарь > уголь пылевидный
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26 кокс
2) Geology: charred coal, charred cool, coak3) Engineering: chark, gum (нагар в ДВС)5) Jargon: Pennsylvania feathers6) Oil: bituminous shale, combustible schist, combustible shale, gas carbon (в коксовых ретортах), oil-formating shale, petroliferous shale, pyroschist, pyroshale7) Drugs: (сленговое название кокаина) nose candy (Another name for the drug cocaine. Пример: "Nose candy is a problem in rural communities now."), (сленговое название кокаина) nose stuff (нарко-сленг), (сленговое название кокаина) nose powder8) Combustion gas turbines: fixed carbon -
27 полевидное топливо
Geology: powder coalУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > полевидное топливо
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28 порошковый активированный уголь
Универсальный русско-английский словарь > порошковый активированный уголь
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29 предохранительное взрывчатое вещество
1) Military: (для подземных работ) permissible explosive, (для подземных работ) safety explosive, (для подземных работ) short flame explosive2) Engineering: permitted explosive, safety explosive3) Chemistry: permissible4) Mining: coal-mine powder (для угольных шахт), permissible explosive, safety (blasting) explosive, short-flame explosiveУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > предохранительное взрывчатое вещество
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30 пылеугольное пламя
Combustion gas turbines: powder-coal flameУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > пылеугольное пламя
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31 угольный порошок
1) Engineering: carbon dust, carbon powder, finely divided carbon2) Automobile industry: pulverized coal -
32 пылевидное топливо
Русско-английский политехнический словарь > пылевидное топливо
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33 Ruß
* * *der Rußgrime; smut; soot* * *[ruːs]m -es, no plsoot; (von Kerze) smoke; (von Petroleumlampe) lampblack; (von Dieselmotor) exhaust particulate (spec)* * *(the black powder left after the burning of coal etc.) soot* * *<- es>[ru:s]* * *der; Rußes soot* * ** * *der; Rußes soot* * *-e m.soot n. -
34 тонкий
1) ( не товстий) thinтонкий папір — thin paper, tissue paper
2) ( не грубий) fine, delicate; (про тканину тж.) gossamer3) ( про фігуру) slender, slim4) ( витончений) subtle, delicateтонкий гумор — lambent humour, light vein of humour
тонкий смак — delicate ( refined) taste
5) ( ледь відчутний) subtle6) (про зір, слух) keen7)тонкий наліт тех. — tarnish
тонкий напилок — rat-tail ( file)
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35 пыль
ж. dustпыль отлагается на … — dust lodges on
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36 soot
[sut] noun سِناج، سُخام، شَحّار -
37 Deacon, Henry
[br]b. 30 July 1822 London, Englandd. 23 July 1876 Widnes, Cheshire, England[br]English industrial chemist.[br]Deacon was apprenticed at the age of 14 to the London engineering firm of Galloway \& Sons. Faraday was a friend of the family and gave Deacon tuition, allowing him to use the laboratories at the Royal Institution. When the firm failed in 1839, Deacon transferred his indentures to Nasmyth \& Gaskell on the Bridgewater Canal at Patricroft. Nasmyth was then beginning work on his steam hammer and it is said that Deacon made the first model of it, for patent purposes. Around 1848, Deacon joined Pilkington's, the glassmakers at St Helens, where he learned the alkali industry, which was then growing up in that district on account of the close proximity of the necessary raw materials, coal, lime and salt. Wishing to start out on his own, he worked as Manager at the chemical works of a John Hutchinson. This was followed by a partnership with William Pilkington, a former employer, who was later replaced by Holbrook Gaskell, another former employer. Deacon's main activity was the manufacture of soda by the Leblanc process. He sought improvement by substituting the ammonia-soda process, but this failed and did not succeed until it was perfected by Solvay. Deacon did, however, with his Chief Chemist F.Hurter, introduce improvements in the Leblanc process during the period 1866–70. Hydrochloric acid, which had previously been a waste product and a nuisance, was oxidized catalytically to chlorine; this could be converted with lime to bleaching powder, which was in heavy demand by the textile industry. The process was patented in 1870.[br]Further ReadingD.W.F.Hardie, 1950, A History of the Chemical Industry in Widnes, London. J.Fenwick Allen, 1907, Some Founders of the Chemical Industry, London.LRD -
38 бездымный
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39 бездымный
1. smokeless2. smokelesslyАвиация и космонавтика. Русско-английский словарь > бездымный
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40 כחול) כוחל
(כְּחוֹל) כּוֹחָל m. (cmp. גחל, v. Lane Customs, 1837, p. 51 sq.) koḥl, a powder used for painting the eye-lids, stibium. Sabb.VIII, 3 (78b) כּוֹ׳ Ar. (ed. כְּח׳); Y. ib. 11b bot. כו׳. Ḥull.88b השחור והכ׳ powdered coal and stibium. Snh.14a; Keth.17a (in a song) לא כֹּחָל here is no paint (no showiness). Tosef.Nidd.VI, 4 כוחל, read: בּוֹחַל.
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