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1 влияние климата
влияние климата
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
climatic effect
Climate has a central influence on many human needs and activities, such as agriculture, housing, human health, water resources, and energy use. The influence of climate on vegetation and soil type is so strong that the earliest climate classification schemes where often based more on these factors than on the meteorological variables. While technology can be used to mitigate the effects of unfavorable climatic conditions, climate fluctuations that result in significant departures from normal cause serious problems for modern industrialized societies as much as for primitive ones. The goals of climatology are to provide a comprehensive description of the Earth's climate, to understand its features in terms of fundamental physical principles, and to develop models of the Earth's climate that will allow the prediction of future changes that may result from natural and human causes. (Source: PARCOR)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > влияние климата
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2 умеренный климат
умеренный климат
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
temperate climate
The climate of the middle latitudes; the climate between the extremes of tropical climate and polar climate. (Source: MGH)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > умеренный климат
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3 горный климат
горный климат
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
mountain climate
Very generally, the climate of relatively high elevations; mountain climates are distinguished by the departure of their characteristics from those of surrounding lowlands, and the one common basis for this distinction is that of atmospheric rarefaction; aside from this, great variety is introduced by differences in latitude, elevation, and exposure to the sun; thus, there exists no single, clearly defined, mountain climate. Also known as highland climate. (Source: MGH)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > горный климат
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4 изменение климата
изменение климата
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
climatic change
The long-term fluctuations in temperature, precipitation, wind, and all other aspects of the Earth's climate. External processes, such as solar-irradiance variations, variations of the Earth's orbital parameters (eccentricity, precession, and inclination), lithosphere motions, and volcanic activity, are factors in climatic variation. Internal variations of the climate system, e.g., changes in the abundance of greenhouse gases, also may produce fluctuations of sufficient magnitude and variability to explain observed climate change through the feedback processes interrelating the components of the climate system. (Source: GSFC)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > изменение климата
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5 изменение климата как следствие деятельности человека
изменение климата как следствие деятельности человека
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
man-made climate change
Man-made climate changes may be due to the greenhouse effect and other human activities. A change in albedo of the land brought about by desertification and deforestation affects the amount of solar energy absorbed at the earth's surface. Man-made aerosols produced from the sulphur released from power stations can modify clouds. Changes in ozone levels in the stratosphere due to CFCs may influence climate. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > изменение климата как следствие деятельности человека
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6 пустынный климат
пустынный климат
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
desert climate
A climate type which is characterized by insufficient moisture to support appreciable plant life; that is, a climate of extreme aridity. (Source: MGH)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > пустынный климат
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7 климат
климат
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
climate
The average weather condition in a region of the world. Many aspects of the Earth's geography affect the climate. Equatorial, or low, latitudes are hotter than the polar latitudes because of the angle at which the rays of sunlight arrive at the Earth's surface. The difference in temperature at the equator and at the poles has an influence on the global circulation of huge masses of air. Cool air at the poles sinks and spreads along the surface of the Earth towards the equator. Cool air forces its way under the lower density warmer air in the lower regions, pushing the lighter air up and toward the poles, where it will cool and descend. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > климат
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8 континентальный климат
континентальный климат
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
continental climate
A climate characterized by hot summers, cold winters, and little rainfall, typical of the interior of a continent. (Source: CED)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > континентальный климат
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9 тропический климат
тропический климат
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
tropical climate
A climate which is typical of equatorial and tropical regions, that is, one with continually high temperatures and with considerable precipitation, at least during part of the year. (Source: MGH)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > тропический климат
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10 экваториальный климат
экваториальный климат
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
equatorial climate
Climate characterized by constant temperatures, abundant rainfall and a very short dry season. (Source: RAMADE)
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > экваториальный климат
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11 защита климата
защита климата
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
climate protection
Precautionary actions, procedures or installations undertaken to prevent or reduce harm from pollution to natural weather conditions or patterns, including the prevailing temperature, atmospheric composition and precipitation. (Source: DOE / RHW)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > защита климата
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12 климатический ресурс
климатический ресурс
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
climate resource
[http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]Тематики
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > климатический ресурс
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13 кульминация
кульминация
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
climax
A botanical term referring to the terminal community said to be achieved when a sere (a sequential development of a plant community or group of plant communities on the same site over a period of time) achieves dynamic equilibrium with its environment and in particular with its prevailing climate. Each of the world's major vegetation climaxes is equivalent to a biome. Many botanists believe that climate is the master factor in a plant environment and that even if several types of plant succession occur in an area they will all tend to converge towards a climax form of vegetation. (Source: WHIT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > кульминация
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14 тип климата
тип климата
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climate type
Weather conditions typical of areas roughly corresponding to lines of latitude. (Source: CEDa)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > тип климата
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15 формирование почвы
формирование почвы
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
soil formation
The combination of natural processes by which soils are formed. It is also known as pedogenesis. The most important soil-forming factors are parent material, terrain, climate, aspect, vegetation cover, microorganisms in the soil and the age of the land surface. Some pedologists would add to this list the influence of human activities. All the factors exhibit varying degrees of interrelationship and some are more important than others, with climate often being singled out as the most important. (Source: WHIT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > формирование почвы
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16 Межправительственная группа экспертов по изменению климата
adjecol. Weltklimarat (àíãë. Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC)Универсальный русско-немецкий словарь > Межправительственная группа экспертов по изменению климата
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17 Межправительственная рабочая группа экспертов по изменению климата
adjecol. Zwischenstaatlicher Ausschuß für Klimaänderungen (Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, IPCC)Универсальный русско-немецкий словарь > Межправительственная рабочая группа экспертов по изменению климата
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18 абиотическая среда
абиотическая среда
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
abiotic environment
The non-living components of the environment (rocks, minerals, soil, water and climate). (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > абиотическая среда
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19 базовый мониторинг
базовый мониторинг
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baseline monitoring
Monitoring of long-term changes in atmospheric compositions of particular significance to the weather and the climate. (Source: YOUNG)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > базовый мониторинг
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20 взаимосвязь Земли и Солнца
взаимосвязь Земли и Солнца
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[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]EN
Earth-Sun relationship
The Earth depends on the sun for its existence as a planet hospitable to life, and solar energy is the major factor determining the climate. Hence, conditions on the sun and conditions on Earth are inextricably linked. Although the sun's rays may appear unchanging, its radiation does vary. Many scientists suspect that sunspot activity has a greater influence on climatic change than variations attributed to the greenhouse effect. (Source: WRIGHT)
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Русско-немецкий словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > взаимосвязь Земли и Солнца
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См. также в других словарях:
climate — Ⅰ. climate UK US /ˈklaɪmət/ noun [S or U] ► the type of situation that exists at a particular time, including the feelings and opinions that are common: political/business/social climate »Most companies favour a stable business climate over such… … Financial and business terms
climate — developed its figurative meaning ‘the prevailing trend of opinion or public feeling’ as early as the 17c, despite its modern ring. Examples: • The whole climate of thought will be different George Orwell, 1949 • We must…take account of the… … Modern English usage
climate — [klī′mət] n. [ME climat < OFr < LL clima < Gr klima, region, zone < base of klinein, to slope (see INCLINE): orig., slope of the earth from the equator toward the poles] 1. the prevailing or average weather conditions of a place, as… … English World dictionary
climate — [n1] weather of region altitude, aridity, atmospheric conditions, characteristic weather, clime, conditions, humidity, latitude, meteorological character, meteorologic conditions, temperature; concept 524 climate [n2] mood of situation ambience,… … New thesaurus
Climate — Cli mate, v. i. To dwell. [Poetic] Shak. [1913 Webster] … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Climate — Cli mate, n. [F. climat, L. clima, atis, fr. Gr. ?, ?, slope, the supposed slope of the earth (from the equator toward the pole), hence a region or zone of the earth, fr. ? to slope, incline, akin to E. lean, v. i. See {Lean}, v. i., and cf.… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
climate — I noun atmosphere, aura, caelum, circumambiency, clime, condition, environment, environmental conditions, feeling, forces of nature, influences, mood, prevailing attitudes, prevailing conditions, prevailing standards, surrounding influence,… … Law dictionary
climate — late 14c., Scottish, from O.Fr. climat, from L. clima (gen. climatis) region, slope of the Earth, from Gk. klima region, zone, from root of klinein to slope, thus slope of the Earth from equator to pole, from PIE root *klei to lean (see LEAN (Cf … Etymology dictionary
climate — ► NOUN 1) the general weather conditions prevailing in an area over a long period. 2) a prevailing trend or public attitude. DERIVATIVES climatology noun climatological adjective. ORIGIN originally denoting a zone of the earth between two lines… … English terms dictionary
Climate — For other uses, see Climate (disambiguation). Worldwide Climate Classifications Climate encompasses the statistics of temperature … Wikipedia
climate — /kluy mit/, n. 1. the composite or generally prevailing weather conditions of a region, as temperature, air pressure, humidity, precipitation, sunshine, cloudiness, and winds, throughout the year, averaged over a series of years. 2. a region or… … Universalium