certamen

    dē-cernō crēvī    (often decrēram, decrērim, etc.), crētus, ere.—Officially, to decide, determine, pronounce a decision, judge, decree, resolve, vote: inter quos iam decreverat decretumque mutabat, alias, etc.: si caedes facta, īdem (Druides) decernunt, i. e. pass judgment, Cs.: non decrevi solum, sed etiam ut vos decerneretis laboravi: qui ordo decrevit invitus, on compulsion: dierum viginti supplicationem, Cs.: vindicias secundum servitutem, in favor of slavery, i. e. restore the slave to his master, L.: triumphum Africano: praemium servo libertatem, S.: tres legatos: id quod senatus me auctore decrevit: provinciae privatis decernuntur, Cs.: meā diligentiā patefactam esse coniurationem decrevistis: supplicium sumendum decreverat, had voted, S.: senatus Romae decrevit, ut, etc., L.: mea sententia tibi decernit, ut regem reducas, etc.: senatus decrevit, darent operam consules, ut, etc., S.: ita censeo decernendum: acerbissime decernitur, Cs.: in parricidas rei p. decretum esse, S.: libere decernendi potestas, of voting freely, Cs.—In gen., to decide, determine, judge, fix, settle: rem dubiam decrevit vox opportune emissa, L.: utri utris imperent, sine magnā clade, L.: Duo talenta pro re nostrā ego esse decrevi satis, T.: in quo omnia mea posita esse decrevi: mihi decretum est, with acc. and inf, I am fully convinced, Ta.: alqm hostem, to proclaim an enemy: omnibus quae postulaverat decretis, S.: pauci ferocius decernunt, insist on harsher measures, S.—Of battle, to decide by combat, fight out, fight, combat, contend: Samnis Romanusne Italiam regant, decernamus, L.: gladiatorium certamen ferro decernitur: ne armis decernatur: cornibus inter se, V.: acie, L.: classe decreturi, N.: integriore exercitu, N.: lacessere ad decernendum, L. — In gen., to contend, compete, struggle: decernite criminibus, mox ferro decreturi, L.: cursibus et crudo caestu, V.: de salute rei p.: pro meā famā.—To decide, determine, form a purpose, resolve: num quis quicquam decernit invitus?: Rhenum transire decreverat, Cs.: decretumst pati, T.: certum atque decretum est non dare signum, L.: aetatem a rei p. procul habendam, S.: praetoris imperio parendum esse: hic decernit ut miser sit: quā suis opem ferrent, L.

    dē-scendō dī, sus, ere,    to climb down, come down, descend, fall, sink: ex equo, to alight: monte, S.: de palatio: caelo, H.: e caelo, Iu.: vertice montis ab alto, V.: ab Alpibus, L.: arce Monoeci, V.: per clivum, O.: in campum: in ventrem, to be eaten, H.: caelo in undas, V.: ad naviculas: Ad mare, H.: Sacrā viā, H.: sciscitatum deos descendunt, L.: Iuppiter laeto descendet imbri, V.: O testa... Descende (i. e. ex apothecā), H.—To go down, go, come (to business, etc.): in forum ante lucem: ad forum, L.: fuge, quo descendere gestis, H.: de palatio: hodie non descendit Antonius: quod non descenderet tribunus, L.: in causam, to engage.—Of troops, to march down: ex superioribus locis in planitiem, Cs.: quā (sc. de monte), S.: inde (sc. de arce), L.: in aequum, L.: omnibus copiis in campum descensum est, L.: ad laevam, S.: praedatum in agros Romanos, L.: descensum in aciem est, the battle began, L.: in certamen: Ad pugnam rhetoricā ab umbrā, Iu.—To sink down, penetrate: ferrum alte in corpus, L.: toto in ilia ferro, O.: toto corpore pestis, V.: in iudicis aurīs, H.—Fig., to go down, descend, sink, penetrate: verbum in pectus altius, S.: cura in animos patrum, L.: descendere ad ipsum Ordine perpetuo, follow the line of descent, O.—To lower oneself, descend, stoop, yield, agree to: senes ad ludum adulescentium descendant: ad calamitatum societates: ad eius modi consilium, Cs.: ad ultimum rei p. auxilium, L.: preces in omnīs, V.: videte, quo descendam.

    dēstinō āvī, ātus, āre    [STA-], to make fast, make firm, bind, fix, stay: antemnas ad malos, Cs.: rates ancoris, Cs.—Fig., to fix in mind, determine, resolve, design, assign, devote, appoint, appropriate: eum ducem, fix their minds on him as, etc., L.: quae agere destinaverat, Cs.: morte solā vinci, L.: thalamis removere pudorem, O.: operi destinat, detailed, Cs.: qui locus non erat alicui destinatus?: me arae, V.: eorum alteri diem necis: tempore locoque ad certamen destinato, L.: si destinatum in animo est, L.: sibi destinatum in animo esse, summittere, etc., he has determined, L. — To select, mean to choose: omnium consensu destinari, L.: quod tibi destinaras trapezephorum, meant to buy.—To appoint, fix upon, designate: imperio Numam, O.: regnum sibi Hispaniae, L.: provinciam Agricolae, Ta.: marito uxorem, H.: se collegam consulatui, Ta.: destinari imperio, Ta.: alqm consulem, L.— To fix upon, aim at: alquem locum oris, L.

    dē-trahō trāxī, trāctus, ere,    to draw off, take down, pull down, take away, remove, withdraw, drag, bring: soccos detrahunt (servi), T.: detractis insignibus imperatoris, Cs.: vestem: pellem, H.: alquem in iudicium: ducem ad certamen, L.: de digito anulum, T.: de his (mulis) stramenta, Cs.: Hannibalem ex Italiā, L.: vestem tibi, T.: anulos liberis suis: illi coronam, H.: me mihi, O.: tegumenta scutis, Cs.: frenos equis, L.: altā ilice virgam, O.—To remove, withdraw, take away, deprive, strip, rob: detractis cohortibus duabus, Cs.: eidem Armeniam: illi Haerentem capiti coronam, H.: animis errorem, O.: ex tertiā acie singulas cohortīs, Cs.: ut (remigum) pars ab nostris detraheretur, i. e. from the ships, Cs.: aliquid ab homine. —Fig., to pull down, drag down, lower: conlegam de caelo: regum maiestatem ab summo fastigio ad medium, L.—To withhold, divert: tantum tempus ex re militari.—To lower in estimation, disparage, detract: detrahendae dignitatis gratiā: de se: de absentibus detrahendi causā dicitur: de ipso, qui scripsit, detrahi nihil volo: quod tibi ille detrahit: multum ei detraxit, quod, etc., N.

    dētrectō or dē-trāctō avī, ātus, āre,    to decline, refuse, reject, shirk: militiam, Cs.: pericula, Ta.: certamen, L.: iuga, V.: vincla pedum, Tb.: alcuius iussa, Ta.: num consulto detrectarent, L. —Fig., to lower in estimation, depreciate, disparage: bonos, S.: virtutes, L.: bene facta maligne, O.

    dī-mētior mēnsus, īrī, dep.    and pass, to measure, measure out, lay out: syllabas: caelum atque terram: campum ad certamen, V.: positūs siderum, Ta.: digitis peccata sua, to count off.—Pass., to be measured, be planned, be adapted (only perf. system): a quo essent illa dimensa atque descripta: opere dimenso, laid out, Cs.: tigna dimensa ad altitudinem fluminis, Cs.: certis dimensus partibus orbis, V.

    dominātiō ōnis, f    [dominor], rule, dominion, reign, lordship, tyranny, despotism, supremacy: Sullae: servi: iniusta, L.: dominationis certamen, S.: ad dominationem adcensus, S.— Plur: novae. — Control, supremacy: omnium rerum: iudiciorum: regia in iudiciis: rationis in libididem.— Plur, rulers: aliae, Ta.

    dum conj.    [1 dum], while, whilst, at the time that, during the time in which, where: dum conantur, annus est, T.: dum de his disputo iudiciis: dum ea conquiruntur, ad Rhenum contenderunt, Cs.: Haec canebam, Caesar dum Fulminat, V.: haec dum geruntur: dum ea parant, L.: dum tempus teritur, repente, etc., L.: dum Appium orno, subito, etc.: ne bellum differretur, dum aeger conlega erat, L.: dum is in aliis rebus erat occupatus: qui, dum ascendere conatus est, vēnit in periculum: dum oculos hostium certamen averterat, capitur murus, L.: dum ad se omnia trahant, nihil relictum esse, L.: ut, dum sine periculo liceret, excederet, Cs.: dum intentus in eum se rex totus averteret, etc., L.: Illa, dum te fugeret, non vidit, V.—Of a period of time, while, all the time that, as long as: vixit, dum vixit, bene, T.: dum ego in Siciliā sum, nulla statua deiecta est: haec civitas dum erit laetabitur: causas innecte morandi, Dum desaevit hiemps, V.: dum longius aberant Galli, posteaquam, etc., Cs.: dum auxilia sperastis, postquam, etc., L.: se duces, usque dum per me licuerit, retinuisse.—Of immediate succession, to the time when, all the time till, until: ut me maneat, dum argentum aufero, T.: Tityre, dum redeo, pasce capellas, V.: mansit usque ad eum finem, dum iudices reiecti sunt: non exspectandum sibi, dum pervenirent, Cs.: Multa passus, dum conderet urbem, V.: differant in tempus aliud, dum defervescat ira.—In restrictive clauses, as long as, if so be that, provided that, if only: dum res maneant, verba fingant: oderint, dum metuant: laborem pati, dum poenas caperent, S.—With modo (often written dummodo): mea nil re fert, dum patiar modo, T.: feram libenter, dum modo vobis salus pariatur: quālibet, dum modo tolerabili, condicione transigere.—With tamen: firmissimum quodque sit primum, dum illud tamen teneatur, etc.—With ne, so long as not, provided that not, if only not: dum arator ne plus decumā det: peccate, dum ego ne imiter tribunos, L.

    ē-dō didī, ditus, ere,    to give out, put forth, bring forth, raise, set up: animam, i. e. die: vitam, to end: spiritum: clamorem, utter: voces: questūs, O.: Maeander in sinum maris editur, discharges, L.: ordo editus in altum.—To bring forth, give birth to, bear, produce, beget: partum: quem partu edidit, V.: geminos, O.: Electram Atlas Edidit, V.—P. pass.: in lucem, C. poët.: partu, O.: de flumine, O.: Maecenas atavis regibus, H. —To produce: (tellus) Edidit species, O.: utrum alios terra ediderit, L.—To put forth, publish: de re p. libros: delere licebit Quod non edideris, H. —To set forth, publish, relate, tell, utter, announce, declare, disclose: quid in magistratu gesserint: carmen post rem actam editum, L.: hominis nomen, H.: veros ortūs, O.: mea fata tibi, O.: oraculum: haec ex oraculo edita tibi: illum iactum per inane, O.: auctorem doctrinae falso Pythagoran, L.: (hunc) filium ediderim, am inclined to call him, L.: opinio in volgus edita, spread abroad, Cs.: in volgus edit, profectum, etc., N.: editis hostium consiliis, divulged, L.—To give out, promulgate, proclaim, ordain: verba: iudicium: mandata edita, L.: quid fieri vellet, L.—To designate, name: hostiae, quibus editum est diis, caesae, L.: iudices editi (cf. editicii): sibi eum edidit socium. —To bring forth, show, display, produce, perform, bring about, cause, inflict: oves nullum fructum edere possent: contemptus hostis cruentum certamen edidit, L.: ingentem caedem, L.: trepidationis aliquantum, L.: facinus, perpetrate: (scelus) in me: munus gladiatorium, exhibit, L.: exemplum severitatis: in te exempla, make an example of you, T.: in eos omnia exempla cruciatūsque, Cs.

    ex-sūdō or exūdō āvī, ātus, āre,    to ooze, exude: exsudat inutilis umor, V. — To perform with sweating, toil through, undergo: causas, H.: certamen, L.

    forēnsis e, adj.    [forum], of the market, of the forum, public, forensic: oratio, in the forum: certamen: rhetorica: labor: sententia (opp. domestica): vestitu forensi, in out-of-doors dress, L.: factio, idlers, L.

    gīgnō genuī, genitus, ere    [GEN-], to produce, give birth to, beget, bear, bring forth: quem Iuppiter genuit: liberos, S.: qui te genuere (i. e. parentes), O.: pisces ova genuerunt: omnia quae terra gignat: ut deus urbem hanc gentibus genuisse videatur: ut in gignendo appareat: quae in terris gignuntur: nuper erat genitus, O.: paelice genitus, son of, L.: Dis genite et geniture deos, V.: De alquo geniti, O.: (vacca) e terrā genita, O.— Fig., to produce, occasion, cause, begin: ludus genuit trepidum certamen, H.: in hac urbe dicendi copiam: cum sui generis initium ab se gigni vellet, spring: reliquae perturbationes omnes gignuntur ex eā, grow: odia etiam gigni sempiterna, arise: eas gigni negat, are created: gigni alicunde, i. e. to have a beginning.

    gymnicus adj., γυμνικόσ, of bodily exercise, gymnastic: ludi: certamen.

    imbibō (in-b-) bī, —, ere,    to drink in, imbibe, conceive, form.—Only fig.: opinionem animo: certamen animis, spirit of hostility, L.: immemor eius, quod imbiberat, of the purpose he had conceived, L.: spem posse se perducere, etc.

    impār (in-p-) aris （abl. imparī; twice impare, V.), adj.,    uneven, unequal, dissimilar: numerus, odd: numero deus impare gaudet, V.: Musae, H.: ludere par impar, odd or even, H.: mensae erat pes tertius impar, O.: toga, awry, H.: formae, H.: sibi, H.: Sinūs magnitudine, S.: acer coloribus, i. e. party-colored, O.—Fig., ill-matched, uncongenial: Formae atque animi, H.—Unequal to, not a match for, unable to cope with, inferior, weaker: impari numero impetūs sustinet, Cs.: tibi miles impar, H.: bellator hosti, Iu.: tam durae virtuti, Ta.: materno genere impar, S.: nec facies impar nobilitate fuit, O.—As subst: iuncta impari, to an inferior in rank, L.: imparibus certare, unworthy rivals, H.—Of a contest, unequal, unfair, illmatched, beyond one's strength: certamen: pugna, V.—Fig., inequitable, unjust: sors, L.

    inrītō (irr-) āvī, ātus, āre,    to incite, excite, stimulate, instigate, provoke, exasperate, irritate: magis inritatus, T.: vi virum: Terra, irā inritata deorum, V.: tribunos ad certamen, L.: pectus inaniter, H.: cum fera diluvies quietos Inritat amnīs, enrages, H. — To stir up, excite, produce: sibi simultates, L.: flammas, kindle, O.

    inter praep. with acc.    [ANA-], between, betwixt: (mons) inter Sequanos et Helvetios, Cs.: inter me et Brundisium esse.—With more than two objects, among, amid, in the midst of, surrounded by: inter hostium tela versari: inter multos saucios relictus, L.: inter ingentīs solitudines, S.: inter varias columnas, H.—With an extended object, in the midst of, surrounded by: erat inter ceteram planitiem mons, S.: inter purpuram atque aurum, L.—Among, into the midst of: inter densas fagos veniebat, V.: te venisse inter falcarios, into the street of the scythe-makers.—Of time, in relation to two dates, between: dies XLV inter binos ludos: inter Laviniam et Albam deductam coloniam XXX interfuere anni, L.—With a period, during, in the course of, within, for, by, at: inter haec negotia, S.: inter annos XIIII tectum non subissent, Cs.: omnia inter decem annos facta: inter noctem lux orta, L.—In phrases, inter haec, meanwhile, during this time, L.: Inter cuncta, at all times, H.: inter quae, Cu.—In the course of, while, during: inter vias cogitare, on the way, T.: inter fulmina et tonitrua: inter agendum, V.: media inter carmina, during the play, H.—During, in spite of, notwithstanding: inter eas moras, S.: nobis inter has turbas senatus tamen frequens flagitavit triumphum.—Fig., in discrimination, between, among: inter bonos et malos discrimen, S.: iudicium inter deas tres: inter Marcellos et Claudios patricios iudicare: inter has sententias diiudicare: inter fugae pugnaeque consilium, L.: quid intersit inter popularem civem et inter constantem.—Of reciprocal relations, between, among: regnum inter Iugurtham et Adherbalem dividere, S.: quos inter magna fuit contentio, N.: componere lites Inter Peliden et inter Atriden, H.: certamen iniectum inter primores civitates, L.—In phrases with pronouns: novisse nos inter nos, one another, T.: res inter eos agi coeptae, mutually, Cs.: conloqui inter nos, with one another: inter se fidi, S.: pueri amant inter se, one another: furtim inter se aspicere: complecti inter se, L.: haec inter se cum repugnent, are inconsistent: disconvenit inter Meque et te, H.: complexiones atomorum inter se, mutual: collīs duos inter se propinquos occupat, near one another, S.—Of a class or number, among, in, with: summā gratiā inter suos, Cs.: inter hostīs variae fuere sententiae, L.: homines inter suos nobiles: inter amabilīs ponere me choros, H.—After a sup: honestissimus inter suos numerabatur: plurimum inter eos valere, Cs.: maximum imperium inter finitimos, L.—Praegn. with pronouns: consulatum nobilitas inter se per manūs tradebat, within their own order, S.: quod inter nos liceat dicere, i. e. confidentially.—In phrases, inter manūs, see manus: quaestio Flamini inter sicarios, on a charge of assassination: cum praetor questionem inter sicarios exercuisset, sat to try assassins: eos inter sicarios defendere: inter exempla esse, to serve as an example, Ta.: inter paucas memorata clades, i. e. eminently, extremely, L: secuti inter cetera auctoritatem Pausistrati, eminently, especially, L.: inter cetera etiam vigiliis confecti, i. e. more than by all else, L. In composition inter is unchanged, except that r is assimilated in intellego, and its derivatives.— Between: intercedo, interpono.—At intervals, from time to time: interaestuo, intermitto, interviso.— Under, down, to the bottom: intereo, interficio.

    lūstrālis e, adj.    [2 lustrum], of purification, lustral: sacrificium, a propitiatory offering, L.: aqua, lustral water, O.: exta, V.— Quinquennial, happening every five years: certamen, Ta.

    mittō mīsī (mīstī, for mīsistī, Ct.), missus, ere    [MIT-], to cause to go, let go, send, send off, despatch: ad Troiam ob defendendam Graeciam, Enn. ap. C.: alquem ad hoc negotium, S.: illum pro consule mittere: legatos de deditione ad eum, Cs.: Tanaim neci, V.: in possessionem, put in possession: filium foras ad propinquum mittit ad cenam, sends out: sub iugum, send under the yoke, Cs.: sub iugo, L.: legatos qui dicerent, esse, etc., Cs.: miserunt qui emerent, etc.: legatos rogatum auxilium, Cs.: Delphos consultum, N.: legati missi postulantes, etc., L.: Eurypylum scitantem oracula Mittimus, V.: in Oceanum me quaerere gemmas, Pr.: misit orare, ut venirem, T.— To send word, announce, tell, report, advise, send orders: tibi salutem, send greeting, O.: nuntios ad eum, velle, etc., S.: legatos ad me, se venturum, send me word that: ad conlegam mittit, opus esse exercitu, L.: in Siciliam misit, ut equitatus mitteretur, Cs.: Curio misi, ut medico honos haberetur: mitti ad principes placuit, ut secernerent se ab Etruscis, L.— To send as a compliment, dedicate, inscribe: liber ab eo ad Balbum missus: librum ad te de senectute.— To send, yield, produce, furnish, export: India mittit ebur, V.: (Padus) electra nuribus mittit gestanda Latinis, O.— To dismiss, forget, put away: odium, L.: levīs spes, H.: missam iram facere, T.: certamen, end, V.—In speaking, to pass over, pass by, dismiss, omit, give over, cease, forbear: mitte id quod scio, dic quod rogo, never mind what, etc., T.: mitto proelia: mitto ea, quae, etc., V.: mitte sectari, etc., do not, H.: Cetera mitte loqui, H.: illud dicere: pro nobis mitte precari, O.: mitto, quid tum sit actum: mitto, quod fueris, etc.: mitto de amissā maximā parte exercitūs (sc. dicere): missos facere quaestūs trienni. — To let go, let loose, quit, release, dismiss: carceribus missi currūs, H.: cutem, H.: mitte me, let me alone, T.: nos missos face, have done with us, T.: missus abibis, scot-free, H.: misso senatu, Cs.: ex oppido mitti, be let out, Cs.: missum fieri, be set at liberty, N.: amicos in negotium, to set up in business: sub titulum lares, put a bill on the house, i. e. offer for sale, O.: in consilium, i. e. send the judges to make their verdict: se in foedera, enter into, V.: me in iambos, drive, H.: missos faciant honores, renounce.—To let out, put forth, send out, emit: sanguinem provinciae, bleed, i. e. exhaust: serpens sibila misit, O.: vocem pro me nemo mittit, speaks a word: vocem liberam, speak with freedom, L.: Thyesteas preces, H.: Afranianos sui timoris signa misisse, showed signs of fear, Cs. — To send, throw, hurl, cast, launch: tanta caelo missa vis aquae, S.: pila, Cs.: fulmina, H.: se saxo ab alto, cast down, O.: se in aquas, O.: retia misit, cast, Iu.: talos in phimum, H.: panem cani, Ph.: panem, throw away, Cs.: aquas, sprinkle, O.: rosa missa, let fall, O.— To attend, guide, escort: (animas) sub Tartara, V. I II

    mortālis e, adj.    [mors], subject to death, destined to die, mortal: quid in his mortale et caducum sit.— Temporary, transient: inimicitiae: leges, L.— Of a mortal, human, mortal: mucro, of human workmanship, V.: condicio vitae: opera, L.: pectora, O.: volnus, from the hand of a mortal, V.: cura, of man, V.: Nec mortale sonans, like a human voice, V.: Nil mortale loquar, i. e. uninspired, H.—As subst m. and f a man, mortal, human being: neque mortali cuiquam credere, S.: ego, quantum mortalis deum possum, te sequar, L.: indignatus ab umbris Mortalem surgere, V.: diu magnum inter mortalīs certamen fuit, etc., S.: de quo omnes mortales iudicaverunt.— Plur n. as subst, human affairs, V.