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1 Castres
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2 Кастр
( Франция) Castres -
3 Riquet, Pierre Paul
[br]b. 29 June 1604 Béziers, Hérault, Franced. 1 October 1680 buried at Toulouse, France[br]French canal engineer and constructor of the Canal du Midi.[br]Pierre Paul Riquet was the son of a wealthy lawyer whose ancestors came from Italy. In his education at the Jesuit College in Béziers he showed obvious natural ability in science and mathematics, but he received no formal engineering training. With his own and his wife's fortunes he was able to purchase a château at Verfeil, near Toulouse. In 1630 he was appointed a collector of the salt tax in Languedoc and in a short time became Lessee General (Fermier Général) of this tax for the whole province. This entailed constant travel through the district, with the result that he became very familiar with this part of the country. He also became involved in military contracting. He acquired a vast fortune out of both activities. At this time he pondered the possibility of building a canal from Toulouse to the Mediterranean beyond Béziers and, after further investigation as to possible water supplies, he wrote to Colbert in Paris on 16 November 1662 advocating the construction of the canal. Although the idea proved acceptable it was not until 27 May 1665 that Riquet was authorized to direct operations, and on 14 October 1666 he was given authority to construct the first part of the canal, from Toulouse to Trebes. Work started on 1 January 1667. By 1669 he had between 7,000 and 8,000 men employed on the work. Unhappily, Riquet died just over six months before the canal was completed, the official opening beingon 15 May 1681.Although Riquet's fame rightly rests on the Canal du Midi, probably the greatest work of its time in Europe, he was also consulted about and was responsible for other projects. He built an aqueduct on more than 100 arches to lead water into the grounds of the château of his friend the marquis de Castres. The plans for this work, which involved considerable practical difficulties, were finalized in 1670, and water flowed into the château grounds in 1676. Also in 1676, Riquet was commissioned to lead the waters of the river Ourcq into Paris; he drew up plans, but he was too busy to undertake the construction and on his death the work was shelved until Napoleon's time. He was responsible for the creation of the port of Sète on the Mediterranean at the end of the Canal du Midi. He was also consulted on the supply of water to the Palace of Versailles and on a proposed route which later became the Canal de Bourgogne. Riquet was a very remarkable man: when he started the construction of the canal he was well over 60 years old, an age at which most people are retiring, and lived almost to its completion.[br]Further ReadingL.T.C.Rolt, 1973, From Sea to Sea, London: Allen Lane; rev. ed. 1994, Bridgwater: Internet Ltd.Jean-Denis Bergasse, 1982–7, Le Canal de Midi, 4 vols, Hérault:—Vol. I: Pierre Paul Riquet et le Canal du Midi dans les arts et la littérature; Vol II: Trois Siècles debatellerie et de voyage; Vol. III: Des Siècles d'aventures humaine; Vol. IV: Grands Moments et grands sites.JHB
См. также в других словарях:
Castres — Mazamet Airport Aéroport de Castres Mazamet IATA: DCM – ICAO: LFCK … Wikipedia
Castres — ist der Name folgender geographischer Objekte: Castres (Aisne), französische Gemeinde im Département Aisne Castres (Tarn), französische Gemeinde im Département Tarn, davon abgeleitet die Verwaltungseinheiten Arrondissement Castres Kanton Castres… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Castres — Saltar a navegación, búsqueda Castres puede referirse a Castres, comuna francesa situada en Aisne. Castres, comuna francesa situada en Tarn. Obtenido de Castres Categoría: Wikipedia:Desambiguación … Wikipedia Español
Castres — [kastr], Stadt im Département Tarn, Frankreich, im fruchtbaren Agouttal, 44 800 Einwohner; Wollindustrie, Herstellung von Chemiefasern und Möbeln, Papierfabrik. Stadtbild: Das Musée Goya im ehemaligen Bischofspalast (17. Jahrhundert)… … Universal-Lexikon
Castres — (spr. Kastr ), 1) Arrondissement im französischen Departement Tarn, 351/4 QM., 124,000 Ew.; 2) Hauptstadt darin, am Agout; Sitz eines Bischofs, Civil u. Handelstribunal, Seminar, Kathedrale. Börse, Bibliothek, Tuch u. Wollzeugfabriken, Baumwollen … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Castres — (spr. kastr ), Arrondissementshauptstadt im franz. Depart. Tarn, in einem reizenden Tal am schiffbaren Agout, Knotenpunkt an der Südbahn, hat eine ehemalige Kathedrale, mehrere katholische und evang. Kirchen, ein schönes Stadthaus, zahlreiche… … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Castres — (spr. kastr), Stadt im franz. Dep. Tarn (Languedoc), am Agout, (1901) 27.308 E., Artillerieschule … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon
Castres — (Castr), Hauptstadt des gleichnamigen Arrondissements im frz. Depart. Tarn in Languedoc, am schiffbaren Agout, mit 20800 E.; Industrie in Wolle, Tuch, Baumwolle, Seide, Leder … Herders Conversations-Lexikon
castres — CASTRES, Ville Episcopale en Languedoc, Cessero Ptol … Thresor de la langue françoyse
Castres — Pour les articles homonymes, voir Castres (homonymie). 43° 36′ 00″ N 2° 15′ 00″ E … Wikipédia en Français
Castres — ▪ France town, Tarn département, Midi Pyrénées région, southern France, on the Agout River, east of Toulouse. The site of a Gallo Roman camp, the town developed around a Benedictine monastery that was founded about 647. Guy de Montfort,… … Universalium
