by+driving

ăbactus, a, um, Part. of abigo, q. v.

ăbactus, ūs, m. [abigo], a driving away, robbing (of cattle, vessels, etc.), Plin. Pan. 20, 4.

Ăgēsĭlāüs, i, m., = Agêsilaos.

One of the most valiant of the Spartan kings, who conquered the Persian satrap Tissaphernes, and the Athenians and Bœotians at Coronea. Plutarch and also Nepos wrote his life.—

An epithet of Pluto (from his driving (agô) all people into his kingdom), Lact. 1, 11, 31.

calcar, āris, n. [for carcar; cf. Sanscr. kar, wound; and Lat. calx].

Lit., a spur as worn on the heel:

calcaria dicta, quia in calce hominis ligantur, ad stimulandos equos,

Isid. Orig. 20, 16, 6 (class. in prose and poetry;

esp. freq. trop.): calcari quadrupedem agitare,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 118: incendere equum calcaribus, to spur one ' s horse, Hirt. B. G. 8, 48; so,

concitare,

Liv. 2, 6, 8; Curt. 7, 4, 18:

stimulare,

Val. Max. 3, 2, 9:

subdere equo calcaria,

Liv. 2, 20, 2; Curt. 3, 13, 8; 7, 2, 4:

calcaribus subditis,

Liv. 4, 19, 4; 4, 33, 7; Curt. 4, 16, 6:

equi fodere calcaribus armos,

Verg. A. 6, 881:

calcaribus auferre equum,

Sil. 10, 280.—

Trop., spur, stimulus, incitement: calcaribus ictus amoris, *Lucr. 5, 1074:

dicebat Isocrates se calcaribus in Ephoro, contra autem in Theopompo frenis uti solere,

Cic. de Or. 3, 9, 36:

alter frenis eget, alter calcaribus,

id. Att. 6, 1, 12; cf. id. Brut. 56, 204; Quint. 2, 8, 11; 10, 1, 74: anticipate atque addite calcar, Varr. ap. Non. p. 70, 13; * Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 217:

immensum gloria calcar habet,

Ov. P 4, 2, 36.—So also of the driving winds: ventus calcar admovere, Varr. ap. Non. p. 451, 29.—Prov.:

addere calcaria sponte currenti,

to spur a willing horse, Plin. Ep. 1, 8, 1.—

Transf., the spur on the leg of the cock, Col. 8, 2, 8.

calcŭlus, i, m. dim. [2. calx; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 46].

In gen., a small stone, a pebble:

conjectis in os calculis,

Cic. de Or. 1, 61, 261:

Demosthenes calculos linguā volvens dicere domi solebat,

Quint. 11, 3, 54; Vitr. 7, 2:

argilla et dumosis calculus arvis,

gravel in the thorny fields, Serv. ad Verg. G. 2, 180; Plin. 4, 8, 15, § 37; 28, 9, 33, § 124.—

Trop., of discourse:

qui tenui venulā per calculos fluunt,

Quint. 12, 10, 25.—

Esp.

A stone in the bladder or kidneys, the gravel, stone, Cels. 7, 26:

curare,

Plin. 20, 21, 86, § 234:

comminuere et eicere,

id. 20, 4, 13, § 23; cf.

eicere,

Suet. Aug. 80:

movere,

Plin. 20, 22, 91, § 248:

exturbare,

id. 20, 10, 42, § 109:

frangere,

id. 22, 21, 29, § 59:

rumpere,

id. 23, 8, 80, § 153. —

A draughtsman, a stone or counter used in playing draughts. called duodecim scripta, in which, as in chess, by driving a piece from one square to another, the person beaten could not finally move at all (ad incitas redactus est):

in lusu duodecim scriptorum cum prior calculum promovisset, etc.,

Quint. 11, 2, 38; cf. Ov. A. A. 2, 207; 3, 357; id. Tr. 2, 478; Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 5; Mart. 14, 20; Isid. Orig. 18, 67:

calculorum ludus,

Cael. Aur. Tard. 1, 5, 165.—

Trop.: calculum reducere, to take back a move: tibi concedo, quod in XII. scriptis solemus, ut calculum reducas, si te alicujus dati paenitet, Cic. ap. Non. p. 170, 28 (Hortens. Fragm. 51 B. and K.): quā re nunc saltem ad illos calculos revertamur, quos tum abjecimus, i. e. those principles of action, id. Att. 8, 12, 5.—

A stone used in reckoning on the counting-board; hence meton., a reckoning, computing, calculating:

calculi et rationes,

Quint. 11, 3, 59; 7, 4, 35; 8, 3, 14;

12, 11, 18 Spald.: calculos subducere,

to compute, reckon, cast up, Cic. Fin. 2, 19, 60:

ponere,

Col. 3, 3, 7:

ponere cum aliquo,

Plin. Pan. 20, 5:

de posteris cogitanti in condicionibus deligendus ponendus est calculus,

id. ib. 1, 14, 9:

amicitiam ad calculos vocare,

to subject to an accurate reckoning, hold to a strict account, Cic. Lael. 16, 58:

si ad calculos eum respublica vocet,

settles accounts, reckons, Liv. 5, 4, 7:

revocare aliquid ad calculos,

Val. Max. 4, 7, 1:

ratio calculorum,

Col. 1, 3, 8.—

Trop.:

cum aliquā re parem calculum ponere,

i.e. to render equal for equal, Plin. Ep. 5, 2, 1:

quos ego movi calculos,

considerations which I have suggested, id. ib. 2, 19, 9.—

In the most ancient per., a stone used in voting; a vote, sentence, decision, suffrage; a white one for assent or acquittal, a black for denial or condemnation; cf. Ov. M. 15, 41 sq.; App. M. 10, p. 242.— Hence judicialis, Imp. Just. Cod. 3, 1, 12: deteriorem reportare, i. e. an adverse decision, Impp. Diocl. et Max. Cod. 7, 62, 10:

calculis omnibus,

by a unanimous vote, App. M. 7, p. 191, 21.— Trop.:

si modo tu fortasse errori nostro album calculum adjeceris,

i. e. approve, Plin. Ep. 1, 2, 5.—

The Thracians were accustomed to preserve the recollection of fortunate occurrences by white stones, and of unfortunate by black, Plin. 7, 40, 41, § 131.—Hence,

Trop.:

o diem laetum, notandumque mihi candidissimo calculo!

i. e. a most happy day! Plin. Ep. 6, 11, 3; cf. Mart. 12, 34, 9, § 53; Pers. 2, 1 sq.—

In late Lat., a small weight: calculus constat ex granis ciceris duobus, Auct. Ponder ap. Goes. Agr. p. 322 (in Isid. Orig. 16, 25, 8, called calcus).

com-pello ( conp-), pŭli, pulsum, 3, v. a., to drive together to a place, to collect, assemble (opp. expello, Cic. Pis. 7, 16;

to dispellere,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 149;

and to aspellere,

id. Trin. 3, 2, 46; class.).

Lit. of herds, flocks:

tum compellendum (agnos) in gregem ovium,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 18:

armentum in speluncam,

Liv. 1, 7, 5; cf.:

pecoris vim ingentem in saltum avium,

id. 9, 31, 7:

greges in unum,

Verg. E. 7, 2:

pecus totius provinciae,

Cic. Pis. 36, 87: haedorum gregem hibisco ( poet. for ad hibiscum), Verg. E. 2, 30.—Also of other objects:

primordia,

Lucr. 2, 564:

homines unum in locum,

Cic. Inv. 1, 2, 2:

naves (hostium) in portum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 58 fin.:

hostes intra oppida murosque,

id. B. G. 7, 65; so of the driving or forcing of enemies in a body; cf.:

adversarios intra moenia,

Nep. Ages. 5, 3:

hostem fugatum in naves,

Liv. 10, 2, 2:

Dardanos in urbem,

id. 41, 19, 9; Suet. Vit. 15:

oppidanos intra munimenta,

Curt. 8, 11, 1:

hostes in fugam,

Just. 4, 4.—Hence fig.:

bellum Medulliam,

to turn the war thither, Liv. 1, 33, 4:

is (hostes) eo compulit ut locorum angustiis clausi, etc.,

drove them into so close corners, Nep. Ham. 2, 4:

Pompeium domum suam,

Cic. Pis. 7, 16:

ad monumentorum deversoria plebe compulsā,

Suet. Ner. 38: quam (imaginem) virga semel horrida... Nigro compulerit gregi, * Hor. C. 1, 24, 18:

ossa in suas sedes,

Cels. 6, 7 fin. —

Trop.

To bring or press together:

amores nostros dispulsos,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 149:

cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

Cic. Ac. 2, 35, 112.—Far more freq.,

To drive, bring, move, impel, incite, urge, compel, force, constrain to something; constr. with ad, in, more rarely with ut, the inf. or absol.

With ad (freq. in Suet.):

aliquem ad virtutem,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 10:

ad arma,

Cic. Marcell. 5, 13:

ad bellum,

Ov. M. 5, 219:

ad deditionem fame,

Suet. Aug. 14; Curt. 9, 1, 19:

ad necem,

Suet. Aug. 66; id. Calig. 23; id. Ner. 35: ad mortem, id. Tib. 56; Quint. 7, 3, 7:

ad confessionem,

Suet. Claud. 15:

ad pugnam,

id. ib. 21:

ad rapinas,

Luc. 7, 99:

ad defectionem,

Curt. 10, 1, 45:

ad laqueum,

Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 12:

ad impudicitiam,

Dig. 1, 6, 2.—

With in:

in hunc sensum compellor injuriis,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

in eundem metum,

Liv. 25, 29, 8:

in socordiam,

Col. 11, 1, 11:

in mortem,

Quint. 7, 3, 7:

in metum,

Tac. H. 2, 27. —

With ut:

callidum senem callidis dolis Conpuli et perpuli, mihi omnia ut crederet,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 4; Suet. Caes. 1; 24; id. Vesp. 2; Tac. Or. 4; Curt. 8, 8, 2. —

With inf.:

aliquem jussa nefanda pati,

Ov. F. 3, 860; Luc. 3, 144; Suet. Tib. 62; id. Dom. 14; Curt. 5, 1, 35; Just. 16, 5; 30, 3; Gai Inst. 2, 237.—

Absol.:

ceteras nationes conterruit, compulit, domuit,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 33:

aliquā indignatione compellendus,

Quint. 9, 4, 138:

ille qui aspellit, is conpellit,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 46; freq. in perf. part.:

periculis compulsus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 11; Caes. B. C. 3, 41; Liv. 27, 30, 3.

compello ( conp-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [1. compello; cf. 2. appello, āre, from 1. appello, ĕre, and jugare, from root of jungo], to accost one.

Without implying reproach, to accost, address (mostly poet.): exin compellare pater me voce videtur his verbis, etc., Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 41 (Ann. v. 45 Vahl.); so, aliquem, id. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 ib.):

aliquem voce,

Verg. A. 5, 161; and:

notis vocibus,

id. ib. 6, 499; cf. Ov. M. 14, 839:

blande hominem,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 72; cf. id. Stich. 2, 1, 43:

familiariter,

id. Men. 2, 3, 23: carmine, * Cat. 64, 24:

talibus agrestem com pellat Oreada dictis,

Ov. M. 8, 787; 12, 585:

Tauream nomine,

Liv. 23, 47, 2; Curt. 4, 13, 20:

aliquem multo honore,

Verg. A. 3, 474:

verbis amicis,

id. ib. 2, 372:

aliquam de stupro,

to invite to unchastity, Val. Max. 6, 1, 2; in like sense absol.:

compellare,

Hyg. Fab. 57.—

In a hostile sense, to address one reproachfully or abusively, to reproach, chide, rebuke, upbraid, abuse, to take to task, call to account (good prose).

In gen.:

mimus nominatim Accium poëtam compellavit in scaenā,

Auct. Her. 1, 14, 24:

neque aspexit mater, quin eum fratricidam impiumque detestans compellaret,

Nep. Timol. 1, 5:

pro cunctatore segnem, pro cauto timidum compellabat,

Liv. 22, 12, 12; 34, 2, 8:

ne compellarer inultus,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 297; 1, 7, 31; id. Ep. 1, 7, 34.—

Esp., jurid. t. t., of authorities, to summon one to answer a charge; or of adversaries, to arraign one before a tribunal, to accuse of crime (cf. 2. appello):

Q. Ciceronem compellat edicto,

Cic. Phil. 3, 7, 17; id. Red. in Sen. 5, 12; 13, 52:

Nigidius minari in contione, se judicem, qui non adfuerit, compellaturum,

id. Att. 2, 2, 3; so id. Phil. 3, 7, 17; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 3; Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Liv. 43, 2, 11; Tac. A. 16, 27; Suet. Caes. 17.

com-pello ( conp-), pŭli, pulsum, 3, v. a., to drive together to a place, to collect, assemble (opp. expello, Cic. Pis. 7, 16;

to dispellere,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 149;

and to aspellere,

id. Trin. 3, 2, 46; class.).

Lit. of herds, flocks:

tum compellendum (agnos) in gregem ovium,

Varr. R. R. 2, 2, 18:

armentum in speluncam,

Liv. 1, 7, 5; cf.:

pecoris vim ingentem in saltum avium,

id. 9, 31, 7:

greges in unum,

Verg. E. 7, 2:

pecus totius provinciae,

Cic. Pis. 36, 87: haedorum gregem hibisco ( poet. for ad hibiscum), Verg. E. 2, 30.—Also of other objects:

primordia,

Lucr. 2, 564:

homines unum in locum,

Cic. Inv. 1, 2, 2:

naves (hostium) in portum,

Caes. B. C. 1, 58 fin.:

hostes intra oppida murosque,

id. B. G. 7, 65; so of the driving or forcing of enemies in a body; cf.:

adversarios intra moenia,

Nep. Ages. 5, 3:

hostem fugatum in naves,

Liv. 10, 2, 2:

Dardanos in urbem,

id. 41, 19, 9; Suet. Vit. 15:

oppidanos intra munimenta,

Curt. 8, 11, 1:

hostes in fugam,

Just. 4, 4.—Hence fig.:

bellum Medulliam,

to turn the war thither, Liv. 1, 33, 4:

is (hostes) eo compulit ut locorum angustiis clausi, etc.,

drove them into so close corners, Nep. Ham. 2, 4:

Pompeium domum suam,

Cic. Pis. 7, 16:

ad monumentorum deversoria plebe compulsā,

Suet. Ner. 38: quam (imaginem) virga semel horrida... Nigro compulerit gregi, * Hor. C. 1, 24, 18:

ossa in suas sedes,

Cels. 6, 7 fin. —

Trop.

To bring or press together:

amores nostros dispulsos,

Plaut. As. 3, 3, 149:

cur eam tantas in angustias et in Stoicorum dumeta compellimus?

Cic. Ac. 2, 35, 112.—Far more freq.,

To drive, bring, move, impel, incite, urge, compel, force, constrain to something; constr. with ad, in, more rarely with ut, the inf. or absol.

With ad (freq. in Suet.):

aliquem ad virtutem,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 10, 10:

ad arma,

Cic. Marcell. 5, 13:

ad bellum,

Ov. M. 5, 219:

ad deditionem fame,

Suet. Aug. 14; Curt. 9, 1, 19:

ad necem,

Suet. Aug. 66; id. Calig. 23; id. Ner. 35: ad mortem, id. Tib. 56; Quint. 7, 3, 7:

ad confessionem,

Suet. Claud. 15:

ad pugnam,

id. ib. 21:

ad rapinas,

Luc. 7, 99:

ad defectionem,

Curt. 10, 1, 45:

ad laqueum,

Plin. 36, 5, 4, § 12:

ad impudicitiam,

Dig. 1, 6, 2.—

With in:

in hunc sensum compellor injuriis,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 21:

in eundem metum,

Liv. 25, 29, 8:

in socordiam,

Col. 11, 1, 11:

in mortem,

Quint. 7, 3, 7:

in metum,

Tac. H. 2, 27. —

With ut:

callidum senem callidis dolis Conpuli et perpuli, mihi omnia ut crederet,

Plaut. Bacch. 4, 4, 4; Suet. Caes. 1; 24; id. Vesp. 2; Tac. Or. 4; Curt. 8, 8, 2. —

With inf.:

aliquem jussa nefanda pati,

Ov. F. 3, 860; Luc. 3, 144; Suet. Tib. 62; id. Dom. 14; Curt. 5, 1, 35; Just. 16, 5; 30, 3; Gai Inst. 2, 237.—

Absol.:

ceteras nationes conterruit, compulit, domuit,

Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 33:

aliquā indignatione compellendus,

Quint. 9, 4, 138:

ille qui aspellit, is conpellit,

Plaut. Trin. 3, 2, 46; freq. in perf. part.:

periculis compulsus,

Cic. Fam. 1, 9, 11; Caes. B. C. 3, 41; Liv. 27, 30, 3.

compello ( conp-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [1. compello; cf. 2. appello, āre, from 1. appello, ĕre, and jugare, from root of jungo], to accost one.

Without implying reproach, to accost, address (mostly poet.): exin compellare pater me voce videtur his verbis, etc., Enn. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 20, 41 (Ann. v. 45 Vahl.); so, aliquem, id. ap. Gell. 12, 4, 4 (Ann. v. 256 ib.):

aliquem voce,

Verg. A. 5, 161; and:

notis vocibus,

id. ib. 6, 499; cf. Ov. M. 14, 839:

blande hominem,

Plaut. Poen. 3, 3, 72; cf. id. Stich. 2, 1, 43:

familiariter,

id. Men. 2, 3, 23: carmine, * Cat. 64, 24:

talibus agrestem com pellat Oreada dictis,

Ov. M. 8, 787; 12, 585:

Tauream nomine,

Liv. 23, 47, 2; Curt. 4, 13, 20:

aliquem multo honore,

Verg. A. 3, 474:

verbis amicis,

id. ib. 2, 372:

aliquam de stupro,

to invite to unchastity, Val. Max. 6, 1, 2; in like sense absol.:

compellare,

Hyg. Fab. 57.—

In a hostile sense, to address one reproachfully or abusively, to reproach, chide, rebuke, upbraid, abuse, to take to task, call to account (good prose).

In gen.:

mimus nominatim Accium poëtam compellavit in scaenā,

Auct. Her. 1, 14, 24:

neque aspexit mater, quin eum fratricidam impiumque detestans compellaret,

Nep. Timol. 1, 5:

pro cunctatore segnem, pro cauto timidum compellabat,

Liv. 22, 12, 12; 34, 2, 8:

ne compellarer inultus,

Hor. S. 2, 3, 297; 1, 7, 31; id. Ep. 1, 7, 34.—

Esp., jurid. t. t., of authorities, to summon one to answer a charge; or of adversaries, to arraign one before a tribunal, to accuse of crime (cf. 2. appello):

Q. Ciceronem compellat edicto,

Cic. Phil. 3, 7, 17; id. Red. in Sen. 5, 12; 13, 52:

Nigidius minari in contione, se judicem, qui non adfuerit, compellaturum,

id. Att. 2, 2, 3; so id. Phil. 3, 7, 17; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 12, 3; Nep. Alcib. 4, 1; Liv. 43, 2, 11; Tac. A. 16, 27; Suet. Caes. 17.

ē-vādo, si, sum, 3 ( perf. sync. evasti, Hor. S. 2, 7, 68; Sil. 15, 796; perf. evadi. Treb. Poll. Trig. Tyr. 5, 6), v. n. and a.

Neutr., to go or come out, go forth (freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.:

si (apes) ex alvo minus frequentes evadunt,

Varr. R. R. 3, 16, 36:

ex aqua,

Plaut. Rud. 1, 2, 86:

ex balineis,

Cic. Cael. 27, 65:

oppido,

Sall. J. 56, 5:

undis,

Verg. A. 9, 99:

puteo,

Phaedr. 4, 9, 11:

abiit, excessit, evasit, erupit,

Cic. Cat. 2, 1:

per praeruptum saxum in Capitolium,

Liv. 5, 46:

in terram,

to disembark, to land, id. 29, 27 fin. —

In an upward direction:

ex abditis sedibus evadere atque exire,

Cic. N. D. 2, 37, 95:

evado ad summi fastigia culminis,

mount up, ascend, Verg. A. 2, 458:

ad parietem,

Suet. Ner. 48:

in murum, muros, moenia,

Liv. 2, 17; 4, 34; 10, 17:

in jugum,

id. 33, 8:

in cacumen,

Curt. 7, 11:

super capita hostium,

id. 5, 3 et saep.—

In partic., to get away, escape:

aut e morbo evasurum aegrotum, aut e periculo navem, aut ex insidiis exercitum,

Cic. Div. 2, 5, 13: ex fuga, * Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 4:

e manibus hostium,

Liv. 22, 49:

ex judicio,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 5:

e tanto periculo,

Liv. 42, 18:

periculo,

id. 21, 33:

adverso colle, sicuti praeceptum fuerat, evadunt,

Sall. J. 52, 3; cf. id. ib. 50 fin.; Liv. 1, 12 fin.; 10, 1 et saep.—

Trop.

In gen., to go or come out, pass out, escape:

accedit, ut eo facilius animus evadat ex hoc aëre eumque perrumpat, quod, etc.,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 19; cf.:

ex corpore (animus),

id. de Sen. 22, 80; and:

cum ab iis... evaseris, id Tusc. 1, 41, 98: ad conjecturam,

to arrive at, Plaut. Rud. 3, 1, 20:

ne in infinitum quaestio evadat,

Quint. 2, 17, 16. —

In an upward direction:

nitamur semper ad optima: quod facientes aut evademus in summum, aut certe multos infra nos videbimus,

Quint. 12, 11, 30.—

In partic., to turn out, fall out, end in some manner, to have an issue of some kind, to result, to turn to or become something:

ex communibus proprii, ex fucosis firmi suffragatores evadunt,

Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 9, 35; cf. Cic. Or. 27, 95; id. Fin. 4, 25, 69:

quos judicabat non posse oratores evadere,

id. de Or. 1, 28, 126:

fuit autem Athenis adulescens, perfectus Epicureus evaserat,

id. Brut. 35, 131; 87, 299; id. Fin. 4, 28, 78:

ita molles mentes evadunt civium,

id. Rep. 1, 43, 67; cf.:

juvenis evasit vere indolis regiae,

Liv. 1, 39:

quod tu ejusmodi evasisti,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 69:

nimis saepe secus videmus evadere,

id. Leg. 2, 17, 43.—Of abstract subjects:

ut ita fastidiosae mollesque mentes evadant civium, ut, etc.,

id. Rep. 1, 43 fin.:

si quando aliquod somnium verum evaserit,

id. Div. 2, 53:

vereor ne haec quoque laetitia vana evadat,

Liv. 23, 12:

quoniam primum vanum inceptum evasisset,

id. 35, 47 et saep.:

intellego hercle: sed quo evadas nescio,

what you are driving at, Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 44: quam timeo, quorsum evadas, where you are coming out in your story, Ter. And. 1, 1, 100; 1, 2, 5:

nimia illaec licentia Profecto evadet in aliquod magnum malum,

id. Ad. 3, 4, 64:

demiror quid sit, et quo evadat, sum in metu,

Plaut. As. 1, 1, 68; cf. Cic. Att. 14, 19 fin.:

videamus, hoc quorsum evadat,

id. ib. 9, 18, 4; Nep. Dion. 8, 1:

huccine (beneficia),

to end in this, Sall. J. 14, 9:

in morbos longos,

Liv. 27, 33, 6.—

Pregn., to come to pass, be fulfilled:

aliquando id, quod somniarimus, evadere,

Cic. Div. 2, 59;

for which: si somnium verum evasit aliquod,

id. ib. 2, 71, 146.

Act. (mostly poet. and post-Aug.; not in Cic.), to pass over or pass a thing, to get over, pass beyond, leave behind.

Lit.

In gen.:

omnem videbar evasisse viam,

Verg. A. 2, 730:

tot urbes,

id. ib. 3, 282:

vada, arva,

Ov. M. 3, 19:

amnem,

Tac. A. 12, 35:

limen harae,

Col. 7, 9, 13:

vestibulum (apes),

id. 9, 12, 1 et saep.—

In an upward direction:

sic fata gradus evaserat altos,

had mounted the steps, Verg. A. 4, 685:

ardua,

to climb, ascend, Liv. 2, 65. —

In partic., to get away, flee, escape from, = effugere:

alicujus manus,

Verg. A. 9, 560:

loca mortis,

Ov. M. 14, 126:

flammam,

Verg. A. 5, 689:

angustias,

Liv. 21, 32; 38, 2:

nocturnas insidias,

Suet. Caes. 74: aliquem, Tiber. ap. Suet. Tib. 61.—

Trop.

In gen.: vitam, to depart from, i. e. to die, App. M. 4, p. 140.—

In an upward direction:

si haec quoque jam lenius supina perseverantibus studiis evaseris,

hast climbed, ascended, Quint. 12, 10, 79.—

In partic., to escape, get rid of: aegritudinem, Lucil. ap. Non. 294, 7:

necem,

Phaedr. 4, 6, 4:

gravem casum,

Tac. A. 14, 6:

sermones malignorum,

Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 3 et saep.

exactĭo, ōnis, f. [exigo].

A driving out, expelling:

(regum),

Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 37 (perh. only on account of the preceding exactis regibus).—

A demanding, exacting, requisition.

In gen.:

in exhibendis operariis,

Lact. Mort. Pers. 7, 8:

quotidiana, operis,

Col. 11, 1, 26.—Hence, the supervision, conduct of a public work; cf.

exactor, II. A.: operum publicorum,

Cic. Dom. 20, 51.—Far more freq.,

In partic., a calling in, collecting of debts, Cic. Att. 5, 1; id. Leg. 2, 20, 51; Liv. 38, 38; Dig. 42, 8, 24:

vectigalium,

Vulg. 2 Macc. 4, 28 et saep.—

Transf., a tax, tribute, impost:

acerbissima capitum atque ostiorum,

poll and hearth tax, Cic. Fam. 3, 8, 5: publicae, Asin. Pol. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 32; cf.

illicitae,

Tac. A. 13, 51; and: exactionum coactor (pater Horatii), Suet. Vita Hor.—

A finishing, completion, Vitr. 3, 1; 6, 11; Aus. Idyll. 11, 5.

fĕrŭla, ae, f., the plant fennel-giant, Ferula, Linn., in the pith of which Prometheus is feigned to have preserved the fire which he stole from heaven.

Lit., Plin. 13, 22, 42, § 122; 7, 56, 57, § 198; Hyg. Fab. 144; Serv. Verg. E. 6, 42.—

Transf.

The thin or slender branch of a tree, Plin. 17, 21, 35, § 152.—

A staff, walkingstick (for syn. cf.: baculum, bacillum, scipio, fustis;

virga),

Plin. 13, 22, 42, § 123.—

A whip, rod, to punish slaves or schoolboys, Hor. S. 1, 3, 120; Juv. 6, 479; Mart. 14, 80; 10, 62, 10; Juv. 1, 15; Mart. Cap. 3, § 224;

for driving draught cattle,

Ov. M. 4, 26; cf. id. A. A. 1, 546.—

As an attribute of Silvanus, Verg. E. 10, 25.—

A splint for broken bones, Cels. 8, 10, 1.—

The young stag's horn, Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 117.

flăgellum, i, n. dim. [flagrum], a whip, scourge; more severe than scutica.

(Cf. also: flagrum, verber, lorum.) Lit.:

nec scuticā dignum horribili sectere flagello,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 119; cf.:

ille flagellis Ad mortem caesus,

id. ib. 1, 2, 41; Cic. Rab. Perd. 4, 12; Dig. 48, 19, 10; Hor. Epod. 4, 11; Cat. 25, 11; Ov. Ib. 185; Juv. 6, 479.—

Transf.

A riding-whip, Verg. A. 5, 579; Sil. 4, 441; a whip for driving cattle, Col. 2, 2, 26.—

The thong of a javelin, Verg. A. 7, 731.—

A young branch or shoot, a vine-shoot, Varr. R. R. 1, 31, 3; Verg. G. 2, 299; Cat. 62, 52; Col. 3, 6, 3 al.—

The arm of a polypus, Ov. M. 4, 367.—

In late Lat., a threshing-flail, Hier. Isa. 28.—

A tuft of hair, Sid. Ep. 1, 2.—

Trop., the lash or stings of conscience ( poet.), Lucr. 3, 1019; Juv. 13, 195; cf.

of the goad of love,

Hor. C. 3, 26, 11.