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1 buttress
(a support built on to the outside of a wall.) contrefort -
2 strain
strain [streɪn]1 noun∎ the rope snapped under the strain la corde a rompu sous la tension;∎ the weight put too much strain on the rope le poids a exercé une trop forte tension sur la corde;∎ to collapse under the strain (bridge, animal) s'effondrer sous le poids;∎ I took most of the strain c'est moi qui ai fourni le plus gros effort;∎ the buttress takes the strain off the wall le contrefort réduit la pression qui s'exerce sur le mur;∎ the girder can't take the strain la poutre ne peut pas supporter cette pression;∎ figurative the war is putting a great strain on the country's resources la guerre grève sérieusement les ressources du pays;∎ the new taxes take the strain off the budget les nouveaux impôts renflouent le budget(b) (mental or physical effort) (grand) effort m; (overwork) surmenage m; (tiredness) (grande) fatigue f; (stress) stress m, tension f ou fatigue f nerveuse;∎ he's beginning to feel/show the strain il commence à sentir la fatigue/à donner des signes de fatigue;∎ I've been under great physical strain je me suis surmené;∎ it was quite a strain for me to have to stand j'ai trouvé très fatigant de devoir rester debout;∎ the strain of making polite conversation l'effort que ça demande de faire la conversation à quelqu'un;∎ the situation has put our family under a great deal of strain la situation a mis notre famille à rude épreuve;∎ recent events have placed considerable strain on their relationship les événements récents ont mis leur relation à rude épreuve;∎ he can't take the strain anymore il ne peut plus supporter cette situation stressante;∎ it's a terrible strain on her nerves ses nerfs sont mis à rude épreuve;∎ they've been under a lot of strain recently leurs nerfs ont été mis à rude épreuve ces derniers temps;∎ the arrival of a new secretary took the immediate strain off me avec l'arrivée d'une nouvelle secrétaire, j'ai été immédiatement soulagée d'une partie de mon travail;∎ I couldn't stand the strain of commuting je trouvais trop épuisant de prendre les transports en commun tous les matins∎ to give one's back a strain se donner un tour de reins(d) (breed, variety → of animal, insect) race f; (→ of virus, bacteria) souche f; (→ of plant, grain) variété f∎ his other books are all very much in the same strain ses autres livres sont tout à fait dans le même genre ou dans le même style ou dans le même esprit(f) (streak, tendency) fond m, tendance f;∎ there is a strain of madness in the family il y a une prédisposition à la folie dans la famille;∎ there's a strong strain of fantasy in his novels il y a une grande part de rêve dans ses romans(a) (rope, cable, girder) tendre (fortement); figurative (resources, economy, budget) grever; (patience) mettre à l'épreuve, abuser de; (friendship, relationship) mettre à l'épreuve, mettre à rude épreuve;∎ he strained the canvas over the frame il a tendu la toile sur le cadre;∎ to be strained to breaking point être tendu au point de se rompre;∎ this new expense is straining our income to the limit nos revenus nous permettent tout juste cette dépense supplémentaire(b) (force → voice) forcer;∎ he strained his ears to hear what they were saying il tendit l'oreille pour entendre ce qu'ils disaient;∎ to strain one's eyes to see sth plisser les yeux pour mieux voir qch;∎ to strain every nerve or sinew to do sth s'efforcer de faire qch(c) (hurt, damage → eyes) fatiguer;∎ reading small print strains your eyes ça fatigue les yeux de lire des petits caractères;∎ you'll strain your eyes tu vas te fatiguer les yeux;∎ to strain a muscle se froisser un muscle;∎ I have to be careful not to strain my heart il faut que je veille à ménager mon cœur;∎ to strain one's back se donner un tour de reins;∎ I've strained my arm je me suis froissé un muscle du bras;∎ mind you don't strain yourself lifting that typewriter attention de ne pas te faire mal en soulevant cette machine à écrire;∎ ironic don't strain yourself! surtout ne te fatigue pas!;∎ she lent a hand, but she didn't exactly strain herself elle a mis la main à la pâte, mais elle ne s'est pas vraiment fatiguée∎ it would be straining the truth to call the play a masterpiece dire que cette pièce est un chef-d'œuvre serait exagéré∎ she strained the child to her breast elle serra l'enfant contre sa poitrine∎ she was straining at the door (pulling) elle tirait sur la porte de toutes ses forces; (pushing) elle poussait (sur) la porte de toutes ses forces;∎ to strain at a rope/at the oars tirer sur une corde/sur les rames;∎ the dog strained at the leash le chien tirait sur sa laisse;∎ figurative to be straining at the leash piaffer d'impatience;∎ I had to strain against the wind j'ai dû lutter contre le vent;∎ she strained under the weight elle ployait sous la charge∎ to strain to do sth s'efforcer de faire qch;∎ I strained to understand/hear what they were saying je me suis efforcé de comprendre/d'entendre ce qu'ils disaient;∎ he tends to strain after effect il a tendance à vouloir se faire remarquer(c) (be under tension → rope, cable) se tendre; (→ beam) fatiguer, travailler; (become deformed) gauchir, se fausser∎ to strain at sth (be unwilling) se faire un scrupule de qch;∎ to strain at doing sth avoir des scrupules à faire qch(of music) accents mpl, accords mpl;∎ the crowd rose to the strains of the national anthem le public s'est levé aux accents de l'hymne national(liquid) vider, égoutter -
3 коротыш
коротыш
Отрезок бревна или бруса 2.
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]Тематики
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Русско-французский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > коротыш
См. также в других словарях:
buttress — n Buttress, pier, abutment are architectural terms for auxiliary structures designed to serve as a prop, shore, or support for a wall (as of a building). A buttress is a structure (as of masonry) projecting from and supporting a wall and often… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
Buttress — • A pilaster, pier, or body of masonry projecting beyond the main face of the wall and intended to strengthen the wall at particular points Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Buttress Buttress … Catholic encyclopedia
Buttress dam — is a water tight dam supported at intervals on the downstream side by a series of buttresses or supports. [cite web url=http://www.dur.ac.uk/ des0www4/cal/dams/gloss/fg.htm title= Glossary publisher= accessdate=2007 02 05] The dam wall may be… … Wikipedia
Buttress — But tress, n. [OE. butrasse, boterace, fr. F. bouter to push; cf. OF. bouteret (nom. sing. and acc. pl. bouterez) buttress. See {Butt} an end, and cf. {Butteris}.] 1. (Arch.) A projecting mass of masonry, used for resisting the thrust of an arch … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
buttress — [bu′tris] n. [ME boteras < OFr bouterez, pl. of bouteret, flying buttress < buter: see BUTT2] 1. a projecting structure, generally of brick or stone, built against a wall to support or reinforce it 2. anything like a buttress; support or… … English World dictionary
wall — less, adj. wall like, adj. /wawl/, n. 1. any of various permanent upright constructions having a length much greater than the thickness and presenting a continuous surface except where pierced by doors, windows, etc.: used for shelter, protection … Universalium
buttress — ► NOUN 1) a projecting support built against a wall. 2) a projecting portion of a hill or mountain. ► VERB 1) support with buttresses. 2) support or strengthen. ORIGIN from Old French ars bouterez thrusting arch … English terms dictionary
Buttress — This article is about an architectural structure. For the large tree root, see Buttress root. For slang, see buttocks. A buttress is an architectural structure built against (a counterfort) or projecting from a wall which serves to support or… … Wikipedia
buttress — buttressless, adj. buttresslike, adj. /bu tris/, n. 1. any external prop or support built to steady a structure by opposing its outward thrusts, esp. a projecting support built into or against the outside of a masonry wall. 2. any prop or support … Universalium
buttress — I UK [ˈbʌtrəs] / US noun [countable] Word forms buttress : singular buttress plural buttresses a structure made of brick or stone that sticks out from the wall of a building to support it • See: flying buttress II UK [ˈbʌtrəs] / US verb… … English dictionary
buttress — /ˈbʌtrəs / (say butruhs) noun 1. Architecture a structure built against a wall or building for the purpose of giving it stability. 2. any prop or support. 3. a thing shaped like a buttress, as a rock wall projecting from a mountainside. –verb (t) …