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1 bru
bru [bʀy]feminine noun* * *bʀynom féminin daughter-in-law* * *bʀy nf* * *bru nf daughter-in-law.[bry] nom féminin -
2 BRÚÐR
(gen. -ar, dat. and acc. -i, pl. -ir), f.1) bride (konur skipuðu pall, ok var brúðrin döpr);2) esp. pl. brides-maids = brúðkonur; sat Þórhalla milli brúða, Th. was seated among the bridesmaids = milli brúðkvenna.* * *f., dat. acc. brúði; pl. brúðir: [Ulf. renders the Gr. νύμφη by bruþs, Matth. x. 35 (where the Gr. word means nurus); John iii. 29 (where it means bride) is lost in UIf., but no doubt ‘bruþs’ was also used there: A. S. bryde; Engl. bride; O. H. G. prut; Germ. braut; Dan.-Swed. Brud]:—a bride; Germans use ‘braut’ in the sense of betrothed, but Icel. call a girl festar-mey ( betrothed) from the espousal till she sets out for the wedding journey, when she becomes ‘bride’; in mod. usage the word only applies to the wedding day; konur skipuðu pall, ok var brúðrin döpr, Nj. 11; sat Hallgerðr á palli, ok var brúðrin allkát, 18; var brúðrin í för með þeim, 50; brúðr sat á miðjum palli, en til annarrar handar Þorgerðr dóttir hennar, 51; brúðr sat á midjan pall ok Þorlaug á aðra ok Geirlaug á aðra (the ladies’ seat of honour was nearest to the bride on her right and left hand), Lv. 37; konur sátu á palli, ok sat Helga hin Fagra næst brúðinni, Ísl. ii. 251.β. in a wider sense, the bridesmaids (= brúðkonur) sitting on the ‘bride’s bench’ are called brides; sat þá Þorgerðr (Ed. and MSS. wrongly Þórhalla) meðal brúða, then Thorgerda was seated among the ‘brides,’ i. e. on the bride’s bench, being herself bride, Ni. 51; cp. also Þkv. 25, hvar sattu ‘brúðir’ (acc. pl.) bíta hvassara? Answ., sáka ek brúðir bíta en breiðara: in poetry, girls, maids in general. Lex. Poët.: metaph. and theol., b. Guðs, b. Kristi = the church, H. E., Vidal., etc.COMPDS: brúðarbekkr, brúðarefni, brúðargangr, brúðarhús, brúðarlín, brúðarstóll. -
3 brúða
f.1) doll, puppet;2) chairpost; á brúðum stólsins var skorinn Þórr, Thor was carved on the chairposts.* * *u, f. a doll, puppet, Fms. xi. 309; stól-brúða (literally chair-bride), the pillar in carved work on the side of an old-fashioned chair; in Fbr. 98 the head of Thor was carved on the chair; Gríma kona Gamla átti stól einn mikinn, en á brúðum stólsins var skorinn Þórr, ok var þat mikit líkneski, cp. the classical passage Eb. ch. 4; var hár hennar bundit við stólbrúðurnar, Bárð. 175 (in the vellum MS. distinctly bruðrnar UNCERTAIN): a distinction in form and inflexion is always made between brúðr, a bride, and brúða, puppet; hence the saying, ‘to sit like a brúða,’ i. e. motionless, not stirring a limb; bláum skrýddr skrúða, skikkanlegri en brúða, more quiet than a b., Sig. Pét. 229; the sense of κόρη and νύμφη in Greek is analogous. -
4 brù
g. bronn, belly, so Irish, Old Irish brú, brond; Welsh bru: *brûs, *brus-nos, root brus, Indo-European bhrus, bhreus; Teutonic breust-, Norse bfjóst, English breast, German brust. Stokes refers it to the root bru, to swell, Greek $$G brúw, am full, $$Ge$$'m-bruon, embryo (whence English embryo), or to Sanskrit bhrûn$$.á, embryo. See bruinne. -
5 BRÚ
* * *(-ar, pl. -ar, -r, brýr), f. bridge.* * *gen. brúar; nom. pl. brúar, Grág. i. 149, ii. 277, Eg. 529; brúr, Bs. i. 65 (Hungrvaka), is a bad spelling, cp. Landn. 332 (Mantissa); mod. pl. brýr, which last form never occurs in old writers; dat. sing. brú, gen. pl. brúa, dat. brúm: [A. S. brycg and bricg; Scot. brigg; Germ. brücke; Dan. bro; cp. bryggja]:—a bridge, Sturl. i. 244, 255, 256, iii. 24. In early times bridges, as well as ferries, roads, and hospitals, were works of charity, erected for the soul’s health; hence the names sælu-hús ( hospital), sælu-brú ( soul-bridge). In the Swedish-Runic stones such bridges are often mentioned, built by pious kinsmen for the souls of the dead, Baut. 41, 97, 119, 124, 146, 559, 796, 829, 1112, etc. The Icel. Libri Datici of the 12th century speak of sheltering the poor and the traveller, making roads, ferries, churches, and bridges, as a charge upon donations (sálu-gjafir); þat fé þarf eigi til tíundar at telja, er áðr er til Guðs þakka gefit, hvart sem þat er til kirkna lagit eðr brúa, eðr til sælu-skipa, K. Þ. K. 142, cp. D. I. i. 279, 402.COMPDS: brúarfundr, brúargörð, brúarsporðr. -
6 bru
мост-a, -er, -ene* * *subst. (miljø) bridge subst. bridge subst. [ landgangsbro] gangway subst. [ anløpsbru] landing stage, jetty subst. (gymnastikk) back-bend, back-bend position -
7 brú
nm pressure, push -
8 brúður
bride -
9 bru
n (m) dark-skinned / tanned / dark -
10 brúð-fé
n. a bride’s fee; cp. the ‘duty to the priest and clerk’ in the Engl. service; the bride’s fee is mentioned in the beautiful heathen poem Þrymskviða (our chief authority in these matters), 29, 32; where it is a fee or gift of the bride to the giant maid. It seems to be a fee paid by the guests for attendance and waiting. Unfortunately there is a lacuna in verse 29, the last part of which refers to the bekkjargjöf (vide 57); the poem is only left in a single MS. and the text cannot be restored. It is carious that Þkv. 32 calls this fee ‘shillings,’ cp. Germ. braut schilling (Grimm); it shews that the bride’s fee was paid in small pieces of money. -
11 brúð-maðr
m. a bridegroom’s man, N. G. L. i. 27: collect. the bridesmen and bridesmaids when on a bride’s journey, Grág. i. 436, Eg. 201, Rd. 270. -
12 brúðfé
n. bride’s fee or gift. -
13 brúðmaðr
m. bridegroom’s man, bridesman. -
14 bru|d
Ⅰ m (G brudu) 1. (zanieczyszczenie) dirt U; (intensywny, trwały) filth U- warstwa/plamka brudu a layer/speck of dirt- pokryty warstwą brudu covered with (a layer of) dirt- brud za paznokciami dirt under sb’s fingernails- oczyścić buty z brudu to clean the dirt off one’s shoes- mieszkać a. żyć w brudzie to live in filth- zarastać brudem to get filthy- wszystko było lepkie od brudu everything was dirty and sticky- ile tu brudu! it’s filthy in here!- brud, smród i ubóstwo a pigsty pot., przen.; a (real) dump pot.2. przen. (zło) dirty dealings pl- brud moralny moral depravityⅡ brudy plt 1. (brudna bielizna) (dirty) laundry- kosz na brudy a laundry basket2. (śmieci, odpadki) rubbish U- posprzątać brudy to clean out the rubbish3. (zło, złe uczynki) dirty dealings■ tyle co brudu za paznokciem pot. next to nothing- prać swoje brudy publicznie to wash one’s dirty linen in publicThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > bru|d
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15 brū
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16 brù
nf. g.d. broinn; v. bhrù; pl. bronnan, belly -
17 bru
blue -
18 brúð-kaup
and brul-laup, n. a wedding feast, bridal; these two words are identical in sense, but different in etymology; brúðkaup, prop. bride’s bargain, refers to the old notion, that marriage was a bargain or purchase, not that the bride was bought herself, but the word refers to the exchange of mundr (by the bridegroom) and heimanfylgja (by the bride’s father), vide these words; hence the allit. phrase, mey mundi keypt, and mundr and mey (‘mund’ and maid); again, brullaup, [qs. brúð-hlaup, bride’s leap, cp. Germ. brautlauf, M. H. G. brûtlouf, Swed. bröllopp, Dan. bryllup; Grimm mentions an A. S. brydlop (not found in Grein’s Glossary or Bosworth’s A. S. Dictionary); the full form brúðhlaup scarcely occurs in very old MSS., it is found in the Játv. S. MS. A. D. 1360, but only assimilated, Grág. i. 303, 311, l. i] refers either to the bride’s journey = brúðför, or to some bridal procession on the wedding day, probably the first; but in fact both words are only used of the wedding feast, the Engl. ‘bridal,’ A. S. bryd-eala. At the wedding feast the contract, though agreed upon at the espousals (festar), was to be read: to make a lawful ‘brúðkaup’ there must be at least six guests—þá er brullaup gert at lögum, ef lögráðandi fastnar konu, enda sé sex menn at brullaupi et fæsta, ok gangi brúðguminn i ljósi í sama sæing konu, Grág. i. 175; ráða b., to fix the wedding day. Nj. 4; vera at brullaupi, Ld. 70; drekka b., to drink, i. e. hold, a wedding, 16, Fms. iv. 196; koma til b., Sturl. iii. 182; göra b., Fms. i. 150; göra b. til, to wed, Eg. 160, Landn. 243; veita b., Eb. 140: as to the time of wedding, vide Grág. i. 311.COMPDS: brúðkaupsferð, brúðkaupsgörð, brúðkaupsklæði, brúðkaupskostr, brúðkaupsstefna, brúðkaupsveizla, brúðkaupsvitni. -
19 brúð-gumi
a, m. [Ulf. uses bruþfaþs, not bruþguma; A. S. brydguma; Hel. brudigomo; O. H. G. prutigomo; Germ. bräutigam; Dan. brudgom; Swed. brudgumme; from brúðr, a bride, and gumi, a man = Lat. homo; the Engl. inserts a spurious r, bridegroom]:—a ‘bride’s man,’ bridegroom; svá sem gumi er kallaðr í brúðför, Edda 107, Grág. i. 175, Nj. 25, Sturl. iii. 182, Ísl. ii. 250.COMPD: brúðgumareið. -
20 brúð-férð
and brúð-för, f. a bride’s journey, Landn. 304, cp. Fs. 124, Rd. 255, Fms. iv. 180, Eg. 701, Grág. i. 441 A; as a rule the bridegroom was to carry his bride home, or she was carried home to him, and the wedding feast was held at the house and at the cost of the bridegroom or his parents. The bride came attended and followed by her bridesmaids, friends, and kinsmen, sometimes a host of men; hence originate the words brúðferð, brúðför, and perhaps even brúðhlaup, etc. ‘Dress the hall! now the bride is to turn homeward with me,’ says the bridegroom-dwarf in the beginning of the poem Alvísmál; so the bride Freyja travels to the wedding at the giant’s, Þkv., cp. Rm. 37;—báðu hennar, ok heim óku, giptu Karli, gékk hón und líni, Ld. ch. 7, Nj. ch. 34, Harð. S. ch. 4, Sturl. iii. 181 sqq. In some cases, to shew deference to the father of the bride, the feast might be held at his house, Nj. ch. 2 (skyldi boð vera at Marðar), ch. 10, 14, Lv. ch. 12; cp. the curious case, Sturl. i. 226. In Icel., where there were no inns, the law ordered that a bride and bridegroom, when on the bride’s journey, had the same right as members of parliament on their journey to the parliament; every farmer was bound to shelter at least six of the party, supposing that the bride or bridegroom was among the number, K. Þ. K. 94. One who turned them out was liable to the lesser outlawry, Grág. i. 441.
См. также в других словарях:
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