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1 BORG
(-ar, -ir), f.2) stronghold, fortification, castle;3) fortified town, city.* * *ar, f., pl. ir, [Ulf. baurgs = πόλις, and once Nehem. vii.2. = arx, castellum; A. S. burg, burh, byrig, = urbs and arx; Engl. borough and burgh; O. H. G. puruc, purc; late Lat. burgus; Ital. borgo; Fr. bourg; cp. Gr. πύργος; the radical sense appears in byrgja, to enclose; cp. also berg, a hill, and bjarga, to save, defend. Borg thus partly answers to town (properly an enclosure); and also includes the notion of Lat. arx, Gr. ακρόπολις, a castle. Old towns were usually built around a hill, which was specially a burg; the name is very freq. in old Teut. names of towns.]I. a small dome-shaped hill, hence the Icel. names of farms built near to such hills, v. Landn. (Gl.) Hel. once uses the word in this sense, 81; v. the Glossary of Schmeller; brann þá Borgarhraun, þar var bærinn sem nú er borgin (viz. the volcanic hill Eld-borg), Landn. 78; göngum upp á borgina ( the hill) ok tölum þar, Ísl. ii. 216; er borgin er við kend, Landn. 127; Borgar-holt, -hraun, -dalr, -höfn, -fjörðr, -lækr, -sandr; Arnarbælis-borg, Eld-borg (above) in the west of Icel. It may be questioned, whether those names are derived simply from the hill on which they stand (berg, bjarg), or whether such hills took their name from old fortifications built upon them: the latter is more likely, but no information is on record, and at present ‘borg’ only conveys the notion of a ‘hill;’ cp. hólar, borgir og hæðir, all synonymous, Núm. 2. 99.II. a wall, fortification, castle; en fyrir innan á jörðunni görðu þeir borg ( wall) umhverfis fyrir ófriði jötna … ok kölluðu þá borg Miðgarð, Edda 6; cp. also the tale of the giant, 25, 26; borg Ása, Vsp. 28; þeir höfðu gört steinvegg fyrir framan hellismunnann, ok höfðu sér þat allt fyrir borg (shelter, fortification), Fms. vii. 81; hann let göra b. á sunnanverðu Morhæfi ( Murrey), Orkn. 10, 310, 312, 396, Fms. i. 124, xi. 393, Eg. 160; the famous Moussaburg in Shetland, cp. Orkn. 398.III. a city, esp. a great one, as London, Hkr. ii. 10; Lisbon, iii. 234; York, 156; Dublin, Nj. 274; Constantinople, Fms. vii. 94; Nineveh, Sks. 592; Zion, Hom. 107, etc. This sense of the word, however, is borrowed from the South-Teut. or Engl. In Scandin. unfortified towns have -bæ or -by as a suffix; and the termin. -by marks towns founded by the Danes in North. E.COMPDS: borgararmr, borgargreifi, borgargörð, borgarhlið, borgarhreysi, borgarklettr, borgarkona, borgarlið, borgarlím, borgarlýðr, borgarmaðr, borgarmúgr, borgarmúrr, borgarsiðr, borgarsmíð, borgarstaðr, borgarveggr, Borgarþing, borgaskipan. -
2 borg-firzkr
adj. one from the district Borgarfjörðr, Landn. -
3 borg-hlið
f. = borgarhlið, Edda 30, Bret. 94. -
4 eld-borg
f. a volcanic crag, vide borg. -
5 fjall-borg
f. a hill-fort, Stj. 380. -
6 fjár-borg
f. a ‘burrow’ or shieling in which sheep are kept in the east of Icel., vide Eggert Itin. ch. 816. -
7 hafn-borg
f. a sea borough, Þjal. 29. -
8 her-borg
f. a castle, Hervar. (in a verse). -
9 hug-borg
f., poët. the breast, Lex. Poët. -
10 höfuð-borg
f. a ‘head-burgh,’ metropolis, Fms. i. 101, Rb. 398. -
11 inn-borg
f. the inner castle, keep, Fms. viii. 178. -
12 jarð-borg
f. earth-works, an earth stronghold, Hkr. ii. 69. -
13 járn-borg
f. an ‘iron castle,’ used of a ring of iron-clad ships, Hkv. Hjörv. -
14 Jórsala-borg
f. Jerusalem. -
15 Kantara-borg
f. (- byrgi), [A. S. Cantuarbyrig], Canterbury, Bs. -
16 konungs-borg
f. a king’s castle, Stj. 519. -
17 megin-borg
f. the main town, Fms. ix. 41. -
18 Róma-borg
f. the city of Rome, Eluc. 50, passim; Rómaborgar keisari, höfðingi, lýðr, the Roman emperor, king, people, Eluc. 50, Fms, vii. 86, 99, 221; Rómaborgar lög, kirkja, the Roman law, church, 645. 98, H. E. i 464; Rómaborgar ríki, the Roman empire, Bs. i. 71; but also -
19 sjó-borg
f. a sea-town, Orkn., Pr. 140. -
20 skjald-borg
f. a ‘shield-burgh,’ wall of shields, an old battle array, Ó. H. 206, Nj. 274, Eg. 92, 532, Fms. ii. 319, vi. 416, 418, vii. 262, described in Har. S. Harðr. ch. 117 (Fms. vi 413).
См. также в других словарях:
Borg — ist der Name folgender Orte: Ortsteil der Gemeinde Perl im Saarland, der durch archäologische Ausgrabungen bekannt wurde (Villa Borg) Ortsteil der Stadt Ribnitz Damgarten in Mecklenburg Vorpommern, siehe Borg (Ribnitz Damgarten) Ortsteil der… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Borg — may refer to:People: *Anders Borg, Swedish politician *Anita Borg, historical computer scientist *Björn Borg, Swedish tennis player *Joe Borg, Maltese politician *Oscar Borg, Norwegian composer *Marcus Borg, religious scholar *Richard Borg, game… … Wikipedia
Borg — es un apellido de origen noruego. Personas Como tal, puede referirse a las siguientes personas: Bjon Borg, tenista sueco. Lugares Borg también se refiere a los siguientes lugares: Borg de Baz, una población y comuna francesa, situada en la región … Wikipedia Español
BORG (B.) — BORG BJÖRN (1956 ) Imperturbable, capable d’une concentration extrême sur les courts, froid, ce qui lui vaut le surnom d’«Iceborg», Björn Borg est le premier tennisman à axer l’essentiel de son jeu sur le lift, technique parfaitement adaptée aux… … Encyclopédie Universelle
borg — sb., en, e, ene, i sms. borg , fx borgruin … Dansk ordbog
Borg [1] — Borg, vorräthiges Tau od. Holz, welches man auf Schiffen zur Hand hat, um einen Schaden sogleich wieder zu ersetzen; daher Borgbrassen, Borgstange, Borgtau etc … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Borg [2] — Borg, Stadt, so v.w. Burg … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Borg — Borg, das verschnittene Männchen, u. Börger, das verschnittene Weibchen vom zahmen Schwein … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Borg — (Barg), das kastrierte männliche Schwein … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Borg — Borg, im Schiffbau Vorsilbe für »Hilfs«, z.B. Borgtakel oder Borgstag für Hilfstakel, Hilfsstag. T. Schwarz … Lexikon der gesamten Technik
Borg — (Barg), verschnittenes männliches Schwein … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon
