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1 Boiled-Off Silk
BOILED-OFF SILK, IIThe product of the boiling-off (also called, degumming) process, in which raw silk, thrown silk, or fabricated silk is subjected to a treatment in hot water, soap and other solutions to dissolve and remove the gum or sericin, which is the coat protecting the clean fibre filaments of a thread from becoming separated, and to remove tints, dirt and other foreign substances which are not inherent in the nature of the silk. (Official definition, U.S.A.) ————————BOILED-OFF SILK, IUndyed thrown silk which has had the natural gum removed by boiling in soap solution. This process of boiling-off removes about 25 per cent of the weight. It is a necessary operation (same as degumming). Before boiling-off the thread is harsh, stiff and dull, but afterwards it is soft, flexible and lustrous. -
2 obgotowywame
• boiling-off -
3 odgumowywanie
• boiling-off -
4 отварка
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5 odgotowywanie jedwabiu
• boiling-off• silk degumming• silk scouringSłownik polsko-angielski dla inżynierów > odgotowywanie jedwabiu
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6 odklejanie
• boiling-off• deglutination• desizing -
7 kaynatma kaybı
boiling-off loss -
8 pişirme kaybı
boiling-off loss, scouring loss -
9 Mi-Cuit Silk
This term, a French word meaning " half-baked," is applied to silks from which the gum has been boiled-off to an extent about midway between the complete or " bright " boiling-off, and the " souple " or part boiling-off. The Mi-cuit boiling-off is not an exact, or fixed proportion, but varies according to how much or how little brilliancy is required. -
10 бучение
1) Engineering: washing in lye2) Construction: filling-in with rubble3) Mining: filling with rubble4) Textile: boil, boil-off, boiling-off, boiling-out, bowking, bucking, kiering, steeping6) Makarov: maceration -
11 отварка
2) Chemistry: boiling -
12 выпаривание
1) General subject: graduation (жидкости)2) Medicine: distillation, evaporation, vaporization3) Engineering: boil, concentration, vaporation5) Chemistry: boiling off, boiling-down6) Metallurgy: devolatilization, evaporization7) Oil: evaporating8) Food industry: steaming out, toing boil off9) Coolers: boil-off, evaporation (холодильного агента)10) Ecology: steaming11) Makarov: stripping -
13 варка
1) General subject: boiling, brew (пива и т.п.), brewage (пива), cooking, pulping (целлюлозы)2) Engineering: cook (порция готовой массы в производстве кондитерских изделий)3) Chemistry: pulpifying, vulcanization4) Trade: wash (способ обработки джинсы)6) Forestry: cooking (целлюлозы)7) Textile: boil, boiling-off, boiling-out, bowking9) Silicates: smelting10) Cellulose: digestion -
14 Silk Yarns
Silk yarns are composed of a number of silk filaments twisted together, usually 8 to 12 to form a thread. The filaments have a natural coating of gum which gives strength and elasticity, but reduces lustre. The gum must be boiled off if lustre is wanted, which may be done either in the yarn state or when woven in cloth. Silk yarns are divided into two classes, " thrown silk" and " spun silk," the first being yarns that are made by the processes of reeling and throwing, and the second consisting of yarns spun from waste silk. Thrown Silk, or Net Silk comprises organzine and tram yarns, organzine being made from the most perfect cocoons and used for warps. Tram is made from the inferior cocoons and used as weft. All silk contains a proportion of natural gum, and the amount of gum removed give rise to the following terms: - Boiled-off Silk - Yarn which has had all the gum removed, and has the highest sheen (see Boiled-off). Hard Silk - Yarn that has not undergone any boiling-off process. Ecru Silk - Yarn boiled to remove about 3 per cent to 5 per cent of the gum by light washing in lukewarm water. Souple Silk - Yarn boiled to remove about one-sixth of the gum. Bengal Silk - See Bengal Silk. Berlin Silk - A silk yarn made for fancy hand work. It is produced by doubling from 4 to 8 twisted singles grege by a right-hand twist; then again doubling three of these with a left-hand twist. The thread is very round, smooth, and hard, also known as cordon-net. Blond Silk - A special silk yarn made by doubling three grege threads left-hand twist, then doubling three of these together with right-hand twist. Brights - Silk which has been entirely de-gummed in the skein and then dyed. Bourette, Bourrette Yarn - A low grade of silk yarn made from the waste produced by schappe spinning. Canton Silk - See Canton Silk. Chiffon Twist - Single raw silk threads, 50 or more turns per inch. Used for chiffons, crepe-de-chines, etc. Crepe-de-Chine - Hard twist tram silk, about 40 to 70 turns per inch. Made from 3 to 5 raw silk ends. Usually woven as weft. Crepe Georgette - Hard twist raw silk usually made from two threads 13/15 deniers, 50 or more turns, both right and left twist, used for crepe georgettes as warp and weft. Crepe Twist - This is tram silk hard twisted, having from 30 to 100 turns per inch. Used for making fabrics of a crepe character both all silk and mixtures. Cordonnet Silk - See Berlin Silk; also under Cordonnet. Eri Silk - A raw silk obtained from the wild silkworm " Attacus ricini." Flock Silk - A general term used to indicate silk yarns made from the outer uneven parts of the cocoon. Floss Silk - Used principally for embroidery purposes. It is a thrown silk and made by doubling two thick raw singles with right-hand twist together with a left-hand twist. Galette Silk - A coarse silk yarn made from waste. Grenadine Silk - Organzine silk with a large number of turns per inch. Jaspe Silk - Silk warps printed in the hank. Ombre Silk - Skein dyed yarn in a gradation of shades, which run in sequence of depth of colour, varying from five up to forty shades. Schappe Silk - A spun silk yarn which is made from silk degummed by the maceration process used on the Continent (see Schappe Silk). Soie Ondee - See Soie Ondee. Silk Yarns - In addition to the foregoing yarns see under the following terms for further silk yarns: - Cable, Cevennes, Chappe, Chine, Clochepeid, Crocheting, Crue (see Ecru), Cuite Cusier, Cusirino, Degummed, Docken, Doup-pion. Ecru, Embroidery, Etschingo, Filature, Filature a 1'Europeune, Filet, Florette, Fringe, Goffered, Grege, Gum Hainin, Hard, Kahing, Knitting, Lousy, Marabout, Maybasch, Melange, Mele, Mi-cuit, Minchcw, Nett, Noil, Organzine, Ouvrees, Oval, Pearlina, Pel, Pelo, Poie, Pure dye Silk, Raw (see Grege), Re-reels, Retorse, Senegal, Sewing, Simonita, Soft Singles, Soie Ondee, Souple, Spun, Steeped, Strafilato, Stumba, Thrown, Tors San File, Tram, Tramette, Tsatlees, Tussah, Twist, Washed, Zaguri. -
15 расшлихтовка
Textile: boiling-off, boiling-out, de-sizing, desizing, destarching, drenching, dunging, grey wash, removing of size, scouring, scouring process, steeping -
16 Abkochbad
n <tech.allg> ■ boiling bath; cooking bath -
17 Assouplieren
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18 Halbentlasten
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19 выпаривающий
1) Chemistry: boiling off2) Food industry: steaming out, toing boil off -
20 ἀφέψω
A- ῶντες Olymp. in Mete.164.35
), [dialect] Ion. [full] ἀπέψω:— purify or refine by boiling off the refuse, boil down,καρπόν Hdt. 2.94
;τι εἰς τὸ τρίτον Dsc.5.6
; esp. free of dross, refine,χρυσίον καθαρώτατον ἀπεψήσας Id.4.166
; τὸν Δῆμον ἀφεψήσας.. καλὸν ἐξ αἰσχροῦ πεποίηκα Ar.Eq. 1321, cf. 1336:—[voice] Pass.,ὕδωρ ἀπεψημένον Hdt. 1.188
, cf. Hp.Aër.8, Dsc.2.107.2 boil off,τοῦ ὕδατος μέρος τι Arist.Mete. 359a30
:—[voice] Pass.,ἀφέψεται τὸ ἁλμυρόν Id.Pr. 933b15
;τοῦ ὀγδόου μόνον ἀφεψηθέντος Plb.34.10.12
; cf. ἄπεφθος.
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