basic physics

basic physics

 

физические основы
—
[Л.Г.Суменко. Англо-русский словарь по информационным технологиям. М.: ГП ЦНИИС, 2003.]

Тематики

• информационные технологии в целом

EN

• basic physics

1 element (sustancia).

elemento químico chemical element

estar (uno) en su elemento to be in one's element

2 factor.

el elemento sorpresa the surprise factor

3 individual (en equipo, colectivo) (person).

4 item, entry.

* * *

► nombre masculino

1 (gen) element

2 (parte) component, part

3 (individuo) type, sort

► nombre masculino plural elementos

1 (atmosféricos) elements

2 (fundamentos) rudiments, basic principles

\

estar uno en su elemento figurado to be in one's element

¡menudo elemento! / ¡vaya elemento! familiar he's a right one!

elementos de juicio facts of the case

* * *

* * *

1) (=parte) element

2) (Fís, Quím) element

3) (Elec) element; [de pila] cell

4) (=ambiente)

5) (=persona)

6) And, Caribe, Cono Sur (=imbécil) dimwit *

7) Caribe (=tipo raro) odd person, eccentric

8) pl elementos (=nociones) elements, basic principles

9) pl elementos (=fuerzas naturales) elements

10)

* * *

1) (Elec, Fís, Quím) element; ( fuerza natural)

2)

a) ( componente) element

b) ( medio)

- elementos de juicio

3) ( ambiente)

4) elementos masculino plural elements (pl)

5) (de secador, calentador) element

6)

a) ( persona)

b) (RPl) ( tipo de gente) crowd

- ta masculino, femenino (Esp fam & pey)

* * *

= component, data element, element, element, item, building block.

Ex. The primary components in this area are place of publication, publisher's name and date of publication (that is, the date of edition).

Ex. The Working Group undertook to determine from the data available what data elements should be included for each type of authority.

Ex. In order to support these three elements it is important to have some organisation which takes responsibility for revision and publication.

Ex. An element is a group of characters, a word, phrase, etc., representing a distinct unit of bibliographic information and forming part of an area (q.v.) of the description.

Ex. Since only twenty or so items can be displayed on the screen at a time, the ↑ (Up), ↓ (Down), Page Up and Page Down keys are used to scroll through the listing.

Ex. This article seeks to explain why current on-line products have, despite tremendous capitalisation, not yet achieved satisfactory returns, but have provided the necessary building blocks towards future products.

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* colocar como primer elemento de un encabezamiento compuesto = lead.

* elemento afín = nearest neighbour.

* elemento bibliográfico = bibliographic element.

* elemento clave = key element, building block.

* elemento de absorción = absorber.

* elemento de búsqueda ficticio = rogue string.

* elemento de cambio = agent of(for) change.

* elemento de entrada = entry element.

* elemento destacado = standout.

* elemento esencial = essential, kingpin.

* elemento importante = major force.

* elemento intangible = intangible.

* elemento integrante = fixture.

* elemento que se repite = repeater.

* elementos del marketing, los = marketing mix, the.

* enfrentarse a los elementos = brave + the elements.

* hacer frente a los elementos = brave + the elements.

* luchar contra los elementos = brave + the elements.

* subelemento = sub-element [subelement].

* * *

1) (Elec, Fís, Quím) element; ( fuerza natural)

2)

a) ( componente) element

b) ( medio)

- elementos de juicio

3) ( ambiente)

4) elementos masculino plural elements (pl)

5) (de secador, calentador) element

6)

a) ( persona)

b) (RPl) ( tipo de gente) crowd

- ta masculino, femenino (Esp fam & pey)

* * *

* * *

1 ( Fís, Quím) element

(fuerza natural): los elementos the elements

luchar contra los elementos to struggle against the elements

líquido² (↑ líquido (2))

1 (componente) element

los distintos elementos de la oración the different elements of the sentence

el elemento dramático de una novela the dramatic element in a novel

introdujo un elemento de tensión en las relaciones it brought an element of tension into the relationship

el elemento sorpresa the element of surprise

(medio): no disponemos de los elementos básicos para llevar a cabo la tarea we lack the basic resources with which to carry out the task

mpl facts (pl)

carezco de elementos de juicio para opinar I do not have sufficient information o facts o data to be able to form an opinion ( frml)

(ambiente): en el museo está/se siente en su elemento he's in his element at the museum

me han sacado de mi elemento y no sé lo que hago I'm out of my element and I don't know what I'm doing

D elementos mpl elements (pl)

elementos de física elements of physics, basic physics

E (CS) (de un secador, calentador) element

(persona): es un elemento pernicioso he's a bad influence

elementos subversivos subversive elements

2 ( RPl) (tipo de gente) crowd

no me gusta el elemento que va a ese club I don't like the crowd that goes o the people who go to that club

( Esp fam pey): es una elementa de cuidado she's a really nasty character o a nasty piece of work ( colloq)

su hijo está hecho un elemento her son has turned into a little monster o horror o terror o brat ( colloq)

* * *

a) ( en general) element;

◊ se siente en su elemento he's in his element;

b) ( persona):

◊ un elemento pernicioso a bad influence;

c) (RPl) ( tipo de gente) crowd

* * *

♦ nm

1. [sustancia] element;

elemento (químico) (chemical) element;

los cuatro elementos the four elements

2. [medio natural] element;

el agua es el elemento de estos animales water is these animals' natural element;

en su elemento in one's element;

entre niños está en su elemento he's in his element when he's with children;

le quitaron el puesto de bibliotecario y lo sacaron de su elemento he was removed from his post as librarian and taken out of his element

3. [parte, componente] element;

el elemento clave en el proceso de fabricación es la materia prima the key element in the manufacturing process is the raw material;

cada elemento del motor debe estar bien ajustado every part of the engine must be fitted tightly

4. [factor] factor;

un elemento decisivo en el triunfo electoral a decisive factor in the election victory;

un elemento de distensión en las negociaciones a certain easing of tension in the negotiations;

el elemento sorpresa the element of surprise

5. [persona]

elementos incontrolados provocaron graves destrozos unruly elements caused serious damage

♦ elementos nmpl

1. [fuerzas atmosféricas] elements;

se desataron los elementos the force of the elements was unleashed;

luchar contra los elementos to struggle against the elements

2. [nociones básicas] rudiments, basics

3. [medios, recursos] resources, means;

carece de los elementos mínimos indispensables para la tarea he lacks the minimum resources necessary for the task;

no tenemos elementos de juicio para pronunciarnos we don't have sufficient information to give an opinion

elemento², -a nm,f

1. Esp Fam Pey [persona]

¡vaya elemento que está hecho! he's a prize specimen!, he's a real piece of work!

2. Chile, Perú, PRico [torpe] dimwit, blockhead

* * *

m element;

estar en su elemento fig be in one’s element

* * *

elemento nm

: element

* * *

elemento n

1. (en general) element

2. (persona) little horror / little devil

1) Engineering: basic physics

2) Physics: principal physics

3) Makarov: physics

m

1. main thread ( oder theme) (running through s.th.), leitmotif

2. (Buch) guide (+ Gen to); Einführung: introduction (to); Lehrgang: basic course (in)

* * *

guide

* * *

m (fig)

* * *

* * *

m MEDIA manual, [introductory] guide, introduction, compendium

* * *

1) [basic] textbook

2) (Leitgedanke) main idea or theme

* * *

Leitfaden m

1. main thread ( oder theme) (running through sth), leitmotif

2. (Buch) guide (+gen to); Einführung: introduction (to); Lehrgang: basic course (in)

* * *

1) [basic] textbook

2) (Leitgedanke) main idea or theme

* * *

guide n.

manual n.

textbook n.

vade-mecum n.

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elementary, rudimentary

елементарни познания rudiments, elementary/rudimentary knowledge (no of)

елементарна физика elementary physics; rudiments/outlines of physics

елементарен курс an elementary course; basic course

неговите познания са много елементарни his knowledge is of the most elementary kind

той не разбира елементарни неща the simplest things are a mystery to him

елементарното приличие the elementary rules of politeness, common decency

* * *

елемента̀рен,

прил., -на, -но, -ни elementary, rudimentary; (не сложен) foolproof; \елементаренна физика elementary physics; rudiments/outlines of physics; \елементаренна частица fundamental particle; \елементаренни познания rudiments, elementary/rudimentary knowledge (по of); \елементаренно приличие the elementary rules of politeness, common decency.

* * *

elementary: елементарен knowledge - елементарни знания; rudimentary

* * *

1 energy, activeness, pep, vitality.

2 energy, capacity to produce work, power.

* * *

► nombre femenino

1 energy, power

2 figurado vigour (US vigor)

\

energía cinética kinetic energy

energía eléctrica electric power

energía hidráulica water power

energía nuclear nuclear power

energía vital figurado vitality

* * *

* * *

1) (=fuerza) energy, drive

2) (Téc) power, energy

* * *

1) (Fís) energy

- energía atómica/éolica/hidráulica/nuclear/solar

- energía cinética

- energía eléctrica

2)

a) (vigor, empuje) energy

b) ( firmeza) firmness

* * *

= drive, energy, fuel, power, liveliness, verve, pizzazz, oomph, pep.

Ex. Hierarchical bibliometry would act as a positive drive to support the authorship requirements now stipulated by some international editorial committees.

Ex. Ranganathan proposed five basic types of facets which may occur in many subject fields: personality, matter, energy, space, time.

Ex. The librarians have instituted a series of campaigns, including displays and leaflets on specific issues, eg energy conservation and fuel debt, rent and rates rebates, and school grants.

Ex. She added that she felt sorry for the assistant because he had so little power.

Ex. To infuse into that basic form an element of linguistic liveliness and wit, which marks out the best adult reviewers, is to ask far more than most children can hope to achieve.

Ex. Much of the verve and shimmer of her lyrics can be connected to the near-fatal liver abscess she suffered in 1996.

Ex. I wanted to show them an application which not only was database functional, but which itself had some pizzazz as a website.

Ex. Many recent commentators speak as if they think that computers can painlessly deliver the oomph we need in curriculum.

Ex. Not a lot of pep however, so this might be the day to curl up with a really challenging book or game.

----

* ahorrar energía = save + energy.

* ahorro de energía = energy conservation, energy saving, savings in energy.

* compañía de suministro de energía = energy company.

* Comunidad Europea de la Energía Atómica (Euratom o EAEC) = European Atomic Energy Community (Euratom/EAEC).

* con energía = powerfully.

* con mucha energía = high energy.

* consumir energía = consume + energy, take up + energy.

* conversión de la energía = energy conversion.

* dar energía = energise [energize, -USA].

* de alta energía = high energy.

* dedicar energía = expend + energy.

* derrochar energía = waste + energy.

* energía atómica = nuclear power.

* energía atómmica = atomic energy.

* energía cinética = kinetic energy.

* energía del mar = ocean energy.

* energía del petróleo = petroleum energy.

* energía eléctrica = electric power, power, electrical power.

* energía eólica = wind energy, wind power.

* energía espiritual = spiritual energy.

* energía geotérmica = geothermal energy.

* energía hidroeléctrica = hydroelectric power.

* energía humana = human energy.

* energía negativa = bad vibes.

* energía no renovable = non-renewable energy.

* energía nuclear = nuclear energy, nuclear power.

* energía positiva = vibrations, good vibes.

* energía producto de la fisión = fission energy.

* energía renovable = renewable energy.

* energía solar = solar energy.

* energía térmica = thermal power.

* energía termosolar = thermal solar power.

* energía vital = life force.

* faceta de Energía = Energy facet.

* física de altas energías = high energy physics.

* fuente de energía = energy source, source of energy, power source.

* fuente de energía(s) alternativa(s) = alternative energy source.

* generador de energía eléctrica = power generator, power unit, electrical generator.

* generador de energía solar = solar energy generator.

* impulsado por energía eólica = wind-powered.

* infundir energía = energise [energize, -USA].

* liberar energía = blow off + steam, let off + steam.

* lleno de energía = energetic, feisty [feistier -comp., feistiest -sup.], full of beans.

* modo de ahorro de energía = power save mode.

* pletórico de energía = full of beans.

* que consume mucha energía = energy-intensive, power-hungry.

* que funciona con energía eólica = wind-powered.

* rebosante de energía y lleno de entusiasmo = all bright-eyed and bushy-tailed.

* rebosante de vida y energía = all bright-eyed and bushy-tailed.

* recobrar energía = get + a second wind.

* recobrar la energía = regain + Posesivo + strength.

* recuperación de la energía = second wind.

* recuperar la energía = regain + Posesivo + strength.

* sin energía = lethargic.

* transformación de la energía = energy conversion.

* * *

1) (Fís) energy

- energía atómica/éolica/hidráulica/nuclear/solar

- energía cinética

- energía eléctrica

2)

a) (vigor, empuje) energy

b) ( firmeza) firmness

* * *

* * *

A ( Fís) energy

derroche de energía waste of energy

consumo de energía energy consumption

fuentes de energía sources of energy

atomic power

kinetic energy

electricity, electric power

wind power

water power

nuclear power, nuclear energy

solar power, solar energy

1 (vigor, empuje) energy

lo acometió con energía he undertook it with great vigor o with great energy o very energetically

me siento cansada y sin energía(s) I feel tired and lacking in energy

protestar con energía to protest vigorously

2 (firmeza) firmness

tienes que tratarlo con más energía you must be firmer o stricter with him

* * *

◊ energía nuclear/solar nuclear/solar power

a) (vigor, empuje) energy;

◊ protestar con energía to protest vigorously;

b) ( firmeza) firmness

* * *

energía nf

1. [para máquina, sistema] power, energy;

fuentes de energía sources of energy;

el aporte necesario de energía para el organismo the body's energy needs

energía atómica nuclear power o energy;

energía calórica heat energy;

energía eléctrica electric energy;

energía eólica wind energy o power;

energía geotérmica geothermal energy o power;

energía hidráulica water power;

energía hidroeléctrica hydroelectric power;

energía limpia clean energy;

energía mareomotriz tidal o wave energy;

energía nuclear nuclear power o energy;

energía de las olas o del oleaje tidal o wave energy;

energía radiante radiant energy;

energías renovables renewable forms of energy;

energía solar solar energy o power;

energía térmica thermal energy o power

2. [vigor físico] energy;

su trabajo le resta energías his work doesn't leave him much energy;

hay que empujar con energía you have to push hard

3. [actitud] vigour, forcefulness;

defendió su postura con energía she energetically defended her position;

respondió con energía he responded emphatically

* * *

f energy;

sin energía golpe weak, feeble; persona listless, lacking in energy; hacer algo listlessly;

con energía hacer algo energetically; chutar hard;

abrir la puerta con energía fling open the door

* * *

energía nf

: energy

* * *

energía n

1. (fuerza) energy / power

2. (capacidad) energy

1 basic.

2 obvious (obvio).

3 elementary, primary, elemental, basic.

4 essential, indispensable, elementary.

* * *

► adjetivo

1 (del elemento) elemental

2 (obvio) elementary, basic

* * *

1) basic, elementary

2) essential

* * *

1) (=básico, rudimentario) elementary

2) [derecho, principio] basic

3) (=necesario) essential

4) (=de los elementos) elemental

* * *

a) ( esencial) <norma/principio> fundamental

b) ( básico) <curso/nivel/texto> elementary; <conocimientos/nociones> rudimentary, basic

* * *

= elementary, rudimentary, elemental, basal.

Ex. If we were to seek to index or retrieve documents on this subjects, we could start by recognising that this subject contains four separate elementary or unit concepts.

Ex. These are the rudimentary elements of an information retrieval system.

Ex. The great storyteller, FC Sayers, having advised the beginner to 'steep himself in folklore until the elemental themes are part of himself,' explains how best to get command of a tale.

Ex. Basal textbooks, despite their well-publicized limitations in comparison with other media, remain the keystone of US school publishing.

* * *

a) ( esencial) <norma/principio> fundamental

b) ( básico) <curso/nivel/texto> elementary; <conocimientos/nociones> rudimentary, basic

* * *

* * *

1 (esencial) ‹norma/principio› fundamental

un rasgo elemental de su poesía an essential o a fundamental feature of his poetry

2 (básico) ‹curso/nivel› elementary; ‹texto› elementary, basic

tiene nociones elementales de inglés she has a rudimentary o basic knowledge of English

desconoce las más elementales normas de urbanidad he doesn't know the most basic o elementary norms of civilized behavior

* * *

a) ( esencial) ‹norma/principio› fundamental

b) ( básico) ‹curso/nivel/texto› elementary;

* * *

elemental adj

1. [básico] [conocimientos, característica, requisito] basic;

un derecho elemental de todos los ciudadanos a basic right of all citizens

2. [sencillo] simple;

elemental, querido Watson elementary, my dear Watson

* * *

1 ( esencial) fundamental, essential

2 ( básico) elementary, basic

* * *

elemental adj

1) : elementary, basic

2) : fundamental, essential

* * *

elemental adj elementary

n

1. basic law

2. POL.: das Grundgesetz (abgek. GG) the (German) constitution

* * *

basic law

* * *

* * *

1. (Grundprinzip) basic [or fundamental] law

physikalische/chemische \Grundgesetze the fundamental laws of physics/chemistry

2. (deutsche Verfassung) Basic Law

* * *

1) (Verfassung) Basic Law

2) (wichtiges Gesetz) fundamental or basic law

* * *

Grundgesetz n

1. basic law

2. POL:

das Grundgesetz (abk GG) the (German) constitution

* * *

1) (Verfassung) Basic Law

2) (wichtiges Gesetz) fundamental or basic law

* * *

German constitutional law n.

SUBJECT AREA: Electricity

[br]

[br]

[br]

Given the same first name as his father, Johann, at his baptism, Ohm was generally known by the name of Georg to avoid confusion. While still a child he became interested in science and learned many of his basic skills from his father, a mechanical engineer. After basic education he attended the Gymnasium at Erlangen for a year, then in 1805 he entered the University of Erlangen. Probably for financial reasons, he left after three terms in 1806 and obtained a post as a mathematics tutor at a school in Gottstadt, Switzerland, where he may well have begun to experiment with electrical circuits. In 1811 he returned to Erlangen. He appears to have obtained his doctorate in the same year. After studying physics for a year, he became a tutor at the Studienanstalt (girls' secondary school) at Bamberg in Bavaria. There, in 1817, he wrote a book on the teaching of geometry in schools, as a result of which King Freidrich Wilhelm III of Prussia had him appointed Oberlehrer (Senior Master) in Mathematics and Physics at the Royal Consistory in Cologne. He continued his electrical experiments and in 1826 was given a year's leave of absence to concentrate on this work, which culminated the following year in publication of his "Die galvanische Kette", in which he demonstrated his now-famous Law, that the current in a resistor is proportional to the applied voltage and inversely proportional to the resistance. Because he published only a theoretical treatment of his Law, without including the supporting experimental evidence, his conclusions were widely ignored and ridiculed by the eminent German scientists of his day; bitterly disappointed, he was forced to resign his post at the Consistory. Reduced to comparative poverty he took a position as a mathematics teacher at the Berlin Military School. Fortunately, news of his discovery became more widely known, and in 1833 he was appointed Professor at the Nuremberg Polytechnic School. Two years later he was given the Chair of Higher Mathematics at the University of Erlangen and the position of State Inspector of Scientific Education. Honoured by the Royal Society of London in 1841 and 1842, in 1849 he became Professor of Physics at Munich University, apost he held until his death.

[br]

See also: Thévénin, Léon Charles

law (norma, precepto).

leyes law (derecho)

ganaron con todas las de la ley (informal) they won fair and square

de buena ley reliable, sterling

ley del embudo (informal) one law for oneself and another for everyone else

ley marcial martial law

ley de la oferta y la demanda law of supply and demand

ley sálica (history) Salic law

la Ley Seca (history) Prohibition

la ley de la selva the law of the jungle

ley de la ventaja (sport) advantage (law)

* * *

► nombre femenino

1 (gen) law; (proyecto de ley) bill, act; (regla) rule

2 (de metal) purity

\

aprobar una ley to pass a bill

con todas las de la ley proper

de ley (oro) pure 2 (plata) sterling 3 (persona) genuine

¡es ley de vida! that's life!, that's the way the cookie crumbles!

estar fuera de la ley to be outside the law

hecha la ley, hecha la trampa whatever the law, there's always a loophole, laws are made to be broken

por ley by law

la ley del más fuerte the law of the jungle

ley del embudo double standards plural

ley marcial martial law

ley orgánica constitutional law

ley sálica Salic law

ley seca prohibition law

* * *

1) law

2) purity

* * *

1) (=precepto) law

- hecha la ley hecha la trampa

2) (=regla no escrita) law

3) (=principio científico) law

4) (Dep) rule, law

5) (Rel)

6) (Metal)

7) † (=lealtad) loyalty, devotion

* * *

1) ( disposición legal) law

- ley de fuga

- ley del embudo

- ley seca

2) ( justicia)

- ley marcial/sálica

3) (Fís) law

- ley de la oferta y la demanda

4) (de oro, plata) assay value

* * *

= bill, law, legislative enactment, act.

Ex. The conference debated a library bill which aims to set up public libraries in all municipalities with over 30,000 inhabitants.

Ex. A catalogue code is a systematic arrangement of laws and statutes so as to avoid inconsistency and duplication in catalogues.

Ex. Apply this rule to legislative enactments and decrees of a political jurisdiction and decrees of a chief executive having the force of law.

Ex. This act allowed for the establishment of town libraries, which were free and open to all ratepayers and provided by funds from local rates.

----

* acatar la ley = follow + the law.

* acatar las leyes = keep on + the right side of the law.

* al borde de la ley = on the edge of the law.

* al margen de la ley = extra-judicial.

* ante la ley = at law.

* anteproyecto de ley = draft of legislation, draft bill.

* aprobar una ley = pass + law, pass + legislation, pass + bill.

* ausencia de ley = anomie.

* autoridad sancionadora de ley = enactor of law.

* castigar con todo el peso de la ley = punish + to the full extent of the law.

* confección de leyes = law-making [lawmaking/law making].

* con todas las de la ley = full-bodied, full-fledged, full-scale.

* con todo el peso de la ley = to the full extent of the law.

* contravenir la ley = contravene + the law, break + the law.

* contravenir una ley = be in breach of + law.

* creación de leyes = rulemaking [rule-making].

* creador de leyes = rule-maker [rulemaker].

* cumplidor de las leyes = law abiding.

* cumplir la ley = observe + the law.

* de acuerdo con la ley = according to law.

* de ley = kosher.

* dentro de la ley = within the law.

* elaboración de leyes = rulemaking [rule-making].

* espíritu de la ley, el = spirit of the law, the.

* formulación de leyes = rulemaking [rule-making].

* hacer cumplir la ley = law enforcement, enforce + law, legal enforcement.

* hacer las leyes más estrictas = tighten + laws.

* infractor de la ley = scofflaw.

* infringir la ley = break + the law.

* infringir una ley = infringe + law, violate + law, breach + law, be in breach of + law.

* interpretar la ley = interpret + the law.

* interpretar la ley según le convenga mejor a Uno = bend + the rules to suit + Posesivo + own purposes, bend + the rules, circumvent + rules.

* ir en contra de la ley = be against the law.

* legislación por decreto ley = delegated legislation.

* ley antigua = ancient law.

* ley antiterrorista = terrorism act.

* ley consuetudinaria = customary law.

* ley cósmica = cosmic law.

* ley de bibliotecas = library law.

* ley de bibliotecas, la = library act, the.

* ley de copyright = copyright law.

* ley de derechos de autor = copyright law.

* ley de dispersión = law of scattering.

* Ley de Dispersión de Bradford = Bradford's distribution law, Bradford's Law of Scatter, Bradford's Law of Scattering.

* ley de frecuencias de palabras de Zipf = Zipf's word frequency law.

* ley de la gravedad, la = law of gravity, the.

* ley de la oferta y la demanda = law of supply and demand.

* ley de la selva, la = law of the jungle, the.

* Ley del Derecho a la Privacidad = privacy law, privacy protection law, Privacy Act.

* ley del más fuerte, la = law of the jungle, the, law of the jungle, the, survival of the fittest, survival of the strongest.

* Ley de los Medicamentos Raros, la = Orphan Drug Act, the.

* ley de los rendimientos decrecientes = law of diminishing returns.

* Ley de Lotka, la = Lotka's Law.

* ley del secreto industrial = trade secret law.

* ley de Pareto = Pareto's law.

* ley de pesos y medidas = weights and measures act.

* ley de productividad científica de Lotka = Lotka's scientific productivity law.

* Ley de Propiedad Intelectual, la = intellectual property law, Copyright Act, the.

* ley de relación exponencial inversa al cuadrado = inverse square law.

* ley de relación exponencial inversa al cubo = inverse cube law.

* ley de responsabilidad por el producto = product liability law.

* Ley de Simplificación de los Procesos Administrativos = Paperwork Reduction Act.

* ley de sucesión = inheritance law.

* ley de vida = fact of life, laws of nature.

* ley draconiana = draconian law.

* leyes = the law of the land.

* leyes científicas = laws of physics.

* leyes contra la difamación = laws of libel.

* leyes de la ciencia = laws of physics.

* leyes de la física = laws of physics.

* leyes de la naturaleza = nature's laws, laws of nature.

* leyes sobre la igualdad = equity laws.

* leyes sobre patentes = patent law.

* leyes vigentes = the law of the land.

* ley exponencial = power law.

* ley exponencial inversa = inverse power law.

* ley marcial = martial law.

* Ley Patriótica, La = USA Patriot Act, the.

* ley penal = penal law.

* ley sobre contratos = contract law.

* ley sucesoria = inheritance law.

* ley tribal = tribal law.

* ley tributaria = tax bill.

* no infringir las leyes = stay on + the right side of the law, keep on + the right side of the law.

* obedecer la ley = observe + the law, follow + the law.

* organismo encargado de hacer cumplir la ley = law enforcing agency.

* por ley = mandated.

* promulgar leyes = enact + legislation.

* promulgar una ley = enact + law, promulgate + rule, promulgate + law.

* proteger por ley = protect by + law.

* proyecto de ley = green paper, legislative bill.

* quebrantar la ley = break + the law.

* rechazar una ley = defeat + legislation.

* redactar leyes = draft + legislation.

* redactar una ley = draft + law.

* respetar la ley = observe + the law.

* respetar las leyes = stay on + the right side of the law, keep on + the right side of the law.

* respetuoso de la ley = law abiding.

* saltarse la ley a la torera = flout + the law.

* ser responsable ante la ley = be criminally liable.

* tener problemas con la ley = fall + foul of the law, go + afoul of the law, fall + afoul of the law.

* transgresor de la ley = lawbreaker.

* valor de ley = force of law.

* violación de la ley = breach of legislation.

* violar una ley = violate + law, break + the law, be in breach of + law.

* * *

1) ( disposición legal) law

- ley de fuga

- ley del embudo

- ley seca

2) ( justicia)

- ley marcial/sálica

3) (Fís) law

- ley de la oferta y la demanda

4) (de oro, plata) assay value

* * *

* * *

A (disposición legal) law

conforme a la leyor según disponen las leyes in accordance with the law

promulgar/dictar una ley to promulgate/issue a law

aprobar/derogar una ley to pass/repeal a law

aplicar una ley to apply a law

se acogió a la ley de ciudadanía he sought protection under the citizenship law

violar la ley to break the law

atenerse a la ley to abide by o obey the law

es ley de vida it is a fact of life

hacerle la ley del hielo a algn (Chi, Méx); to give sb the cold shoulder

la ley de la selva or de la jungla the law of the jungle

la ley del más fuerte the survival of the fittest

la ley del mínimo esfuerzo the line of least resistance

la ley del Talión an eye for an eye

aplicar la ley del Talión to demand an eye for an eye

morir en su ley ( Andes); to die as one lived

tenerle ley a algn ( Chi fam); to have it in for sb ( colloq)

hecha la ley hecha la trampa or quien hace la ley hace la trampa every law has its loophole

ley pareja no es dura or rigurosa (CS); a rule isn't unfair if it applies to everyone

(en Esp) ≈ immigration laws (pl)

(Andes, Méx): aplicarle a algn la ley de fuga(s) the practice of allowing a prisoner to escape and then shooting him/her in the back

advantage rule

unfair law/rule

organic law

la ley seca Prohibition

tax law

(justicia): la ley the law

todos somos iguales ante la ley we are all equal in the eyes of the law o under the law

un representante de la ley a representative of the law

con todas las de la ley: ganó con todas las de la ley she won very fairly o rightly o deservedly

un almuerzo con todas las de la ley a proper o real lunch

martial law

Salic law

1 (regla natural) law

las leyes de la física the laws of physics

2 ( Bib) law

law of gravity

law of supply and demand

fpl Mendel's laws (pl)

D (de oro, plata) assay value

de buena ley genuine

* * *

◊ violar la ley to break the law;

* * *

ley nf

1. [norma] law;

hecha la ley, hecha la trampa laws are made to be broken;

leyes [derecho] law

ley de fugas = illegal execution of prisoner, pretending that he was shot while trying to escape;

ley fundamental basic law, constitutional law;

ley de incompatibilidades = act regulating which other positions may be held by people holding public office;

ley marcial martial law;

ley seca prohibition law;

aplicar la ley de la ventaja to play the advantage

2. [precepto religioso] law

la ley judía Jewish law

3. [principio] law

la ley del más fuerte the survival of the fittest;

la ley del mínimo esfuerzo: [m5] seguir la ley del mínimo esfuerzo to take the line of least resistance;

ley natural law of nature;

ley de la oferta y de la demanda law of supply and demand;

la ley de la selva the law of the jungle;

la ley del talión an eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth;

no cree en la ley del talión she doesn't believe in “an eye for an eye”;

ley de vida: [m5] es ley de vida it's a fact of life

4.

la igualdad ante la ley equality before the law;

con todas las de la ley: ganaron con todas las de la ley they won fair and square;

ser de ley [situación] to be right and proper;

5. [de metal precioso]

de buena ley reliable, sterling;

de mala ley crooked, disreputable

* * *

f law;

es la ley del más fuerte might is right;

una ley no escrita an unwritten law;

con todas las de la ley fairly and squarely

* * *

ley nf

1) : law

fuera de la ley: outside the law

la ley de gravedad: the law of gravity

2) : purity (of metals)

oro de ley: pure gold

* * *

ley n law

1) General subject: principle diagram, (продвижения от исходной точки к конечной цели посредством решения ряда промежуточных задач) road map

2) Aviation: skeleton diagram

3) Naval: diagrammatic layout, principal diagram

4) Military: actual layout, circuitry, equipment circuit

5) Engineering: basic diagram, circuit diagram, circuit schematic, hookup, ladder (напр. автоматики станка), ladder circuit (напр. электроавтоматики станка), ladder diagram, ladder logic (напр. автоматики станка), ladder network (напр. электроавтоматики станка), cable-and-trunk schematic

6) Construction: structural scheme, P&ID( piping and instruments diagram)

7) Mathematics: a conceptual sketch of, block diagram, elementary diagram, principal scheme, schematic diagram

8) Accounting: flowchart

9) Automobile industry: elementary diagram (напр. электрических соединений и аппаратов), plat

10) Physics: key diagram

11) Electronics: basic circuit, hook-up, schematic circuit, schematic circuit diagram, wiring diagram

12) Information technology: functional diagram

13) Ecology: conceptual flow chart

14) Sakhalin energy glossary: flow chart, general layout, interconnection diagram

15) Microelectronics: basic-circuit arrangement, configuration, schematic configuration

16) Automation: action chart, framework

17) General subject: circuit diagram (напр., пневматической тормозной системы), schematics

18) Chemical weapons: concept scheme

19) Makarov: basic circuit arrangement (материальный объект), flow diagram (of an apparatus) (пневматического или гидравлического устройства), fundamental circuit arrangement (материальный объект), line diagram (simplified; неэлектрическая, напр. механического устройства), schematic (diagram) (изображение), schematic diagram (изображение), simplified line diagram (неэлектрическая, напр. механического устройства)

20) Electric machinery: single line diagram

21) Electrochemistry: basic outline

22) Combustion gas turbines: basic configuration, basic scheme, diagrammatic arrangement

23) Electrical engineering: (электрическая) circuit schematic, (электрическая) wiring diagram, connection diagram

notion [nosjɔ̃]

   a. ( = conscience) notion

• perdre la notion du temps to lose track of the time

   b. ( = connaissance) notions basic knowledge

• anglais: notions basic knowledge of English

* * *

1) ( conscience) notion

2) ( concept) notion

3) (de langue, science)

* * *

1. nf

2. notions nfpl

(= rudiments) rudiments

* * *

notion nf

1 (de danger, temps, réalité) notion; perdre la notion de qch to lose all sense of sth;

2 ( concept) notion;

3 (de langue, science) basic knowledge ¢; avoir des notions de to have a basic knowledge of; ‘Notions de botanique’ ‘A Botany Primer’.

[nɔsjɔ̃] nom féminin

[idée] notion

je n'en ai pas la moindre notion I haven't (got) the faintest ou slightest idea

————————

notions nom féminin pluriel

[rudiments]

‘anglais: notions’ [sur un CV] ‘basic knowledge of English’

[comme titre d'ouvrage] primer

notions de géométrie geometry primer

magnetism (also figurative).

* * *

► nombre masculino

1 magnetism

* * *

SM (lit, fig) magnetism

* * *

masculino magnetism

* * *

= magnetism.

Ex. We can see that heat, light, sound, electricity and magnetism can be grouped with various other basic classes to form a group of subjects which we call physics.

* * *

masculino magnetism

* * *

* * *

1 ( Fís) magnetism

2 (de una persona) magnetism

ejerce una especie de magnetismo sobre sus seguidores he has a kind of magnetic hold o power over his followers

el magnetismo terrestre terrestrial magnetism

* * *

* * *

magnetismo nm

1. [del imán] magnetism

2. [atractivo] magnetism