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bare+source

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1 открытый источник

bare source

Русско-английский технический словарь > открытый источник
2 открытый источник

bare source

Русско-английский политехнический словарь > открытый источник
3 відкрите джерело

bare source

Українсько-англійський словник > відкрите джерело
4 открытый источник

bare source

Русско-английский научно-технический словарь Масловского > открытый источник
5 открытый источник

1) General subject: (информации) published source

2) Engineering: bare source

3) Metallurgy: free source

4) Metrology: (радиоактивный) bare source

5) Business: (информации) public source, (информации) publicly available source

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > открытый источник
6 источник

origin, principle, producer, source, spring, transmitter, well, ( орграфа) source vertex

* * *
исто́чник м.
source
служи́ть исто́чником — be a source (of), give rise (to), cause, originate

исто́чник а́льфа-излуче́ния — alpha source

бе́лый исто́чник ( лучистой энергии) — white source

бесконе́чный исто́чник — infinite source

исто́чник бе́та-излуче́ния — beta source

исто́чник вихреобразова́ния — vorticity source

вне́шний исто́чник — external [extraneous] source

исто́чник возбужде́ния — excitation source

исто́чник возбужде́ния пла́змы — plasma-excitation source

исто́чник возмуще́ний — perturbation source

исто́чник газовыделе́ния — gas emission source

исто́чник га́мма-излуче́ния — gamma source

исто́чник дислока́ции — dislocation [Frank-Read] source

дугово́й исто́чник — arc source

исто́чник зву́ка — sound source

исто́чник зву́ка, мни́мый — acoustic(al) image

исто́чник излуче́ния — radiation source; radiator, emitter

исто́чник излуче́ния, дипо́льный — dipole source

исто́чник излуче́ния, изото́пный — isotope (radiation) source

исто́чник излуче́ния с попере́чной поляриза́цией — transversely polarized source

исто́чник излуче́ния с продо́льной поляриза́цией — longitudinally polarized source

исто́чник излуче́ния, я́дерный — nuclear (radiation) source

и́мпульсный исто́чник — pulsed source

исто́чник и́мпульсов — impulse source

исто́чник инфе́кции — focal point of infection

исто́чник информа́ции — information source, information generator

исто́чник иониза́ции — ionization source

исто́чник ио́нов — ion source

исто́чник ио́нов, капилля́рный — capillary-type ion source

искрово́й исто́чник — spark source

капилля́рно-дугово́й исто́чник — capillary-arc source

когере́нтный исто́чник — coherent source

кольцево́й исто́чник — ring source

исто́чник корпускуля́рного излуче́ния — particle source

косми́ческий исто́чник — cosmic source

лине́йный исто́чник — line [linear] source

мни́мый исто́чник — virtual [image] source

исто́чник молекуля́рного пучка́ — molecular gun

монохромати́ческий исто́чник — monochromatic source

исто́чник нака́чки рад.-эл. — pump(ing) source

напра́вленный исто́чник — directional source

исто́чник напряже́ния — voltage source

нейтро́нный исто́чник — neutron source

некогере́нтный исто́чник — incoherent source

нестациона́рный исто́чник — transient source

объё́мный исто́чник — volume source

откры́тый исто́чник — bare source

исто́чник оши́бок — error source

перви́чный исто́чник — primary source

исто́чник пита́ния — power [supply] source, power supply

исто́чник пита́ния, авари́йный — emergency source

исто́чник пита́ния, бортово́й — ( на любом транспортном средстве) on-board lower source; ( на самолете) airborne [airplane] power source; ( на автомобиле) car [truck, vehicle-born] power source; ( на судне) shipboard power source

переходи́ть на бортово́й исто́чник пита́ния — transfer load(s) to the on-board power source

исто́чник пита́ния, запасно́й — alternate supply source

исто́чник пита́ния, назе́мный — ground power source

исто́чник пита́ния на то́пливных элеме́нтах — fuel-cell power source

исто́чник пита́ния, опо́рный — reference supply source

исто́чник пита́ния, основно́й ( по отношению к аварийному) — normal supply source

исто́чник пита́ния, сва́рочный — welding (power) source

исто́чник пита́ния, сва́рочный, для дугово́й сва́рки — arc welding (power) source

исто́чник пита́ния, сва́рочный, с жё́сткой характери́стикой — constant-potential welding [flat V/ I-curve] source

исто́чник пита́ния, стабилизи́рованный — брит. stabilized power supply; амер. regulated power supply

пла́зменный исто́чник — plasma source

пло́ский исто́чник — plane [two-dimensional] source

исто́чник пожароопа́сности — fire hazard

откры́тое пла́мя представля́ет исто́чник пожароопа́сности — an open flame constitutes [is] a fire hazard

по́лый исто́чник — hollow source

исто́чник по́ля — field source

исто́чник постоя́нного ( фиксированного) [m2]напряже́ния — constant-voltage source

исто́чник постоя́нного ( фиксированного) [m2]то́ка — constant-current source

постоя́нный исто́чник — steady source

протяжё́нный исто́чник — distributed [extended, spread] source

исто́чник пылеобразова́ния — dust source

равноэнергети́ческий исто́чник — equal-energy source

радиоакти́вный исто́чник — radioactive source

исто́чник радиоизлуче́ния — source of radio-frequency radiation, radio source

исто́чник радиоизлуче́ния, внегалакти́ческий — extragalactic radio source

исто́чник радиоизлуче́ния, галакти́ческий — galactic radio source

распределё́нный исто́чник — distributed [extended, spread] source

исто́чник рентге́новского излуче́ния — X-ray source

исто́чник све́та — light source

исто́чник све́та, газоразря́дный — gas-discharge light source

исто́чник све́та, искрово́й — spark light source

исто́чник све́та, иску́сственный — artificial light source

исто́чник све́та, люминесце́нтный — luminescent light source

исто́чник све́та, модули́рованный — modulated light source

исто́чник све́та, радиоакти́вный — radioactive light source

исто́чник све́та с а́томным пучко́м — atomic-beam light source

исто́чник све́та, твердоте́льный — solid-state light source

исто́чник све́та, температу́рный — incandescent source

исто́чник синхронизи́рующих и́мпульсов — clock source

«слоё́ный» исто́чник — sandwiched [sandwich-type] source

сосредото́ченный исто́чник — lumped source

исто́чник с пове́рхностной иониза́цией — surface ionization source

стациона́рный исто́чник — stationary source

исто́чник с широ́ким энергети́ческим спе́ктром — broad-energy-spectrum source

исто́чник телефо́нной нагру́зки (линия, прибор или устройство) — telephone traffic source

исто́чник тепла́ — heat source

исто́чник тепла́, холо́дный ( в термодинамике) — (heat) sink

исто́чник тепловы́х нейтро́нов — thermal-neutron source

исто́чник то́ка — (собственно источник тока, в отличие от источника напряжения) current source; ( часто как источник питания) power supply, power [supply] source

исто́чник то́ка, втори́чный — ( единичный элемент) secondary cell; ( батарея) storage battery

исто́чник то́ка, перви́чный — ( единичный элемент) primary cell; ( батарея) primary-cell battery

исто́чник то́ка, резе́рвный — emergency current generator cell

исто́чник то́ка, физи́ческий — physical source of electric energy

исто́чник то́ка, хими́ческий — chemical source of electric energy

то́чечный исто́чник — point source

то́чечный, осево́й исто́чник — axial point source

то́чечный исто́чник с ра́вной фа́зой — cophasal point source

исто́чник шу́ма — noise source

щелево́й исто́чник — slit source

исто́чник электро́нов — electron-emitting source

исто́чник эне́ргии — energy [power] source

исто́чник эне́ргии, биологи́ческий — bioelectric power source

исто́чник эне́ргии, биоэлектри́ческий — bioelectric power source

эргоди́ческий исто́чник — ergodic source

этало́нный исто́чник — standard source

исто́чник я́дерного излуче́ния — nuclear radiation source

Русско-английский политехнический словарь > источник
7 источник

м. source

служить источником — be a source

источник альфа-излучения — alpha source

белый источник — white source

бесконечный источник — infinite source

источник бета-излучения — beta source

источник вихреобразования — vorticity source

внешний источник — external source

источник возбуждения — excitation source

источник возбуждения плазмы — plasma-excitation source

источник возмущений — perturbation source

источник газовыделения — gas emission source

источник гамма-излучения — gamma source

источник дислокации — dislocation source

дуговой источник — arc source

источник звука — sound source

источник излучения — radiation source; radiator

источник излучения с поперечной поляризацией — transversely polarized source

источник излучения с продольной поляризацией — longitudinally polarized source

импульсный источник — pulsed source

источник импульсов — impulse source

источник инфекции — focal point of infection

источник информации — information source

источник ионизации — ionization source

источник ионов — ion source

искровой источник — spark source

капиллярно-дуговой источник — capillary-arc source

когерентный источник — coherent source

кольцевой источник — ring source

источник корпускулярного излучения — particle source

космический источник — cosmic source

линейный источник — line source

мнимый источник — virtual source

источник молекулярного пучка — molecular gun

монохроматический источник — monochromatic source

источник накачки — pump source

направленный источник — directional source

источник напряжения — voltage source

нейтронный источник — neutron source

некогерентный источник — incoherent source

нестационарный источник — transient source

объёмный источник — volume source

открытый источник — bare source

источник ошибок — error source

первичный источник — primary source

источник питания — power source

переходить на бортовой источник питания — transfer load to the on-board power source

источник питания на топливных элементах — fuel-cell power source

плазменный источник — plasma source

плоский источник — plane source

источник пожароопасности — fire hazard

открытое пламя представляет источник пожароопасности — an open flame constitutes a fire hazard

полый источник — hollow source

источник поля — field source

источник постоянного напряжения — constant-voltage source

источник постоянного тока — constant-current source

постоянный источник — steady source

протяжённый источник — distributed source

источник пылеобразования — dust source

равноэнергетический источник — equal-energy source

радиоактивный источник — radioactive source

источник радиоизлучения — source of radio-frequency radiation

распределённый источник — distributed source

источник рентгеновского излучения — X-ray source

источник света — light source

источник света с атомным пучком — atomic-beam light source

источник синхронизирующих импульсов — clock source

«слоёный» источник — sandwiched source

сосредоточенный источник — lumped source

источник с поверхностной ионизацией — surface ionization source

стационарный источник — stationary source

источник с широким энергетическим спектром — broad-energy-spectrum source

источник телефонной нагрузки — telephone traffic source

источник тепла — heat source

источник тепловых нейтронов — thermal-neutron source

источник тока — current source; power supply

точечный источник — point source

точечный источник с равной фазой — cophasal point source

источник шума — noise source

щелевой источник — slit source

источник электронов — electron-emitting source

источник энергии — energy source

эргодический источник — ergodic source

источник информации из сената — senate source

источник напыляемого материала — vapor source

метод источников и стоков — method of sources

радиоактивность источника — source activities

расход источника — productiveness of a source

Синонимический ряд:

ключ (сущ.) ключ; криница; криницу; родник

Русско-английский большой базовый словарь > источник
8 открытый радионуклидный источник

Makarov: bare radioactive source, bare source

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > открытый радионуклидный источник
9 неэкранированный источник

1) Metallurgy: free source

2) Metrology: (радиоактивный) bare source

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > неэкранированный источник
10 неэкранированный (радиоактивный) источник

Metrology: bare source

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > неэкранированный (радиоактивный) источник
11 открытый (радиоактивный) источник

Metrology: bare source

Универсальный русско-английский словарь > открытый (радиоактивный) источник
12 открытый радионуклидный источник

bare radioactive source

Русско-английский физический словарь > открытый радионуклидный источник
13 combinar

v.

1 to combine.

combina lo práctico con lo barato it is both practical and cheap

Ella combina minerales She combines minerals.

Ella combina trabajo y placer She combines business with pleasure.

Ella combina posibilidades She permutes possibilities.

2 to mix (bebidas).

3 to match (colores).

4 to arrange, to organize.

5 to bind.

* * *

combinar

► verbo transitivo

1 (gen) to combine

2 (disponer) to arrange, plan

3 QUÍMICA to combine

4 (colores) to match ( con, -), go ( con, with)

► verbo pronominal combinarse

1 (ponerse de acuerdo) to get together

* * *

verb

1) to combine

2) match

•

- combinarse

* * *

1. VT

1) [+ esfuerzos, movimientos] to combine; [+ colores] to match, mix

2) [+ plan, proyecto] to devise, work out

2.

See:

combinarse

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

a) < ingredientes> to combine, mix together

b) < colores> to put together

no sabe combinar la ropa — he isn't very good at coordinating clothes

combinar algo con algo: combinar el rojo con el violeta to put red and purple together; no puedes combinar esa falda con ese jersey — you can't wear that skirt with that sweater

c) (Quím) to combine

d) ( reunir) to combine
2.
combinar vi colores/ropa to go together

combinar con algo — to go with something
3.
combinarse v pron

a) personas ( ponerse de acuerdo)

se combinaron para sorprenderlo — they got together to give him a surprise

nos combinamos para estar allí a las seis — we all arranged to be there at six

b) (Quím) to combine

* * *

= bridge, combine (together), link, marry, perform + combination, pick and mix, coalesce, blend, mix and match, piece together, concatenate, conflate, mingle (with), mesh, bundle, federate, couple, mix, mash up, conjoin, conjugate, commingle.

Ex. BLAISE offers a variety of services bridging the cataloguing and information retrieval functions.

Ex. Search aids are available in the form of logical statements which combine terms in order to be able to trace subjects according to a more specific document profile.

Ex. These references operate in a similar fashion whether they are used to link authors' names or subject headings.

Ex. At that time OCLC was already going strong, and we tried to find some backing from the State of New York and possibly from the federal government to marry those two systems.

Ex. If a search involves more than a single term, the system searches for each term separately, and reports intermediate results before performing the combination.

Ex. Modular courses are already in place from which a student can pick and mix.

Ex. Mayo's conclusion was that 'the singling out of certain groups of employees for special attention had the effect of coalescing previously indifferent individuals into cohesive groups with a high degree of group ride or esprit-de-corps'.

Ex. In her last appraisal they had observed how she blended many attractive personal qualities with intelligence, energy, and determination.

Ex. It is possible to mix and match from copyright law, patent law and trade secret and contract law, and the choice of avenue offering the best protection will depend upon many variables.

Ex. During his stay in Laputa, Captain Gulliver was very impressed by a book-writing machine which produced fragments of sentences which were dictated to scribes and later pieced together.

Ex. Individual files are concatenated to allow a full Boolean search to all files simultaneously.

Ex. Authors did not always read proofs; revises might be omitted and routines conflated.

Ex. Not so long ago, the far off lands existed, to most people, in their imagination where they mingled with fairy tales and imaginary stories.

Ex. Meshing together the many means of communication remains the central task of libraries and this task continues to require financial support = La tarea central de las bibliotecas sigue siendo la de combinar los númerosos medios de comunicación, algo que continúa necesitando apoyo económico.

Ex. CD-ROM products that combine, or bundle, related information services will be at the forefront because of their usefulness to end-users.

Ex. The usefulness of the many online periodicals and scientific digital libraries that exist today is limited by the inability to federate these resources through a unified interface.

Ex. The author describes a model for coupling hypertext and a knowledge based system.

Ex. Plaster was mixed with water and poured over the type, and allowed to set; when it had hardened it was lifted off the page (the oil preventing it from sticking to the type), and baked hard in an oven.

Ex. The name comes from pop music, where DJs have made a hobby out of mashing up multiple, disparate songs to create new sounds.

Ex. The grotesque is an effect achieved by conjoining disparate framents which do not realistically belong together.

Ex. The problema can be solved by conjugating two bare hard disks.

Ex. By mixing the marital property (your paycheck) with the separate property (your inheritance), you have ' commingled' them, and they cannot be considered separate property anymore.

----

* combinar Algo con Algo = marry + Nombre + with + Nombre.

* combinar con = intersperse with.

* combinar en = meld (in/into).

* combinar intereses = bridge + interests.

* que combina diferentes tipos de re = multi-source [multi source].

* volver a combinar = recombine [re-combine].

* * *
1.
verbo transitivo

a) < ingredientes> to combine, mix together

b) < colores> to put together

no sabe combinar la ropa — he isn't very good at coordinating clothes

combinar algo con algo: combinar el rojo con el violeta to put red and purple together; no puedes combinar esa falda con ese jersey — you can't wear that skirt with that sweater

c) (Quím) to combine

d) ( reunir) to combine
2.
combinar vi colores/ropa to go together

combinar con algo — to go with something
3.
combinarse v pron

a) personas ( ponerse de acuerdo)

se combinaron para sorprenderlo — they got together to give him a surprise

nos combinamos para estar allí a las seis — we all arranged to be there at six

b) (Quím) to combine

* * *

= bridge, combine (together), link, marry, perform + combination, pick and mix, coalesce, blend, mix and match, piece together, concatenate, conflate, mingle (with), mesh, bundle, federate, couple, mix, mash up, conjoin, conjugate, commingle.

Ex: BLAISE offers a variety of services bridging the cataloguing and information retrieval functions.

Ex: Search aids are available in the form of logical statements which combine terms in order to be able to trace subjects according to a more specific document profile.

Ex: These references operate in a similar fashion whether they are used to link authors' names or subject headings.

Ex: At that time OCLC was already going strong, and we tried to find some backing from the State of New York and possibly from the federal government to marry those two systems.

Ex: If a search involves more than a single term, the system searches for each term separately, and reports intermediate results before performing the combination.

Ex: Modular courses are already in place from which a student can pick and mix.

Ex: Mayo's conclusion was that 'the singling out of certain groups of employees for special attention had the effect of coalescing previously indifferent individuals into cohesive groups with a high degree of group ride or esprit-de-corps'.

Ex: In her last appraisal they had observed how she blended many attractive personal qualities with intelligence, energy, and determination.

Ex: It is possible to mix and match from copyright law, patent law and trade secret and contract law, and the choice of avenue offering the best protection will depend upon many variables.

Ex: During his stay in Laputa, Captain Gulliver was very impressed by a book-writing machine which produced fragments of sentences which were dictated to scribes and later pieced together.

Ex: Individual files are concatenated to allow a full Boolean search to all files simultaneously.

Ex: Authors did not always read proofs; revises might be omitted and routines conflated.

Ex: Not so long ago, the far off lands existed, to most people, in their imagination where they mingled with fairy tales and imaginary stories.

Ex: Meshing together the many means of communication remains the central task of libraries and this task continues to require financial support = La tarea central de las bibliotecas sigue siendo la de combinar los númerosos medios de comunicación, algo que continúa necesitando apoyo económico.

Ex: CD-ROM products that combine, or bundle, related information services will be at the forefront because of their usefulness to end-users.

Ex: The usefulness of the many online periodicals and scientific digital libraries that exist today is limited by the inability to federate these resources through a unified interface.

Ex: The author describes a model for coupling hypertext and a knowledge based system.

Ex: Plaster was mixed with water and poured over the type, and allowed to set; when it had hardened it was lifted off the page (the oil preventing it from sticking to the type), and baked hard in an oven.

Ex: The name comes from pop music, where DJs have made a hobby out of mashing up multiple, disparate songs to create new sounds.

Ex: The grotesque is an effect achieved by conjoining disparate framents which do not realistically belong together.

Ex: The problema can be solved by conjugating two bare hard disks.

Ex: By mixing the marital property (your paycheck) with the separate property (your inheritance), you have ' commingled' them, and they cannot be considered separate property anymore.

* combinar Algo con Algo = marry + Nombre + with + Nombre.

* combinar con = intersperse with.

* combinar en = meld (in/into).

* combinar intereses = bridge + interests.

* que combina diferentes tipos de re = multi-source [multi source].

* volver a combinar = recombine [re-combine].

* * *

combinar [A1 ]

vt

1 ‹ingredientes› to combine, mix together

2 ‹colores› to put together

no se puede combinar esos dos colores you can't put those two colors together

no sabe combinar la ropa he isn't very good at coordinating clothes

combinar algo CON algo:

me gusta la falda pero no tengo con qué combinarla I like the skirt but I have nothing to wear with it o to go with it

¿a quién se le ocurre combinar el rojo con el violeta? how could you think of putting red and purple together?

no puedes combinar esa falda con ese jersey you can't wear that skirt with that sweater

3 ( Quím) to combine

4 (reunir) to combine

■ combinar

vi

«colores/ropa»: combinar CON algo; to go WITH sth

quiero un bolso que combine con estos zapatos I want a bag that goes with o to go with these shoes

■ combinarse

v pron

1

«personas» (ponerse de acuerdo): se combinaron para sorprenderlo they got together to give him a surprise

se combinaron para gastarle una broma they got together o ganged up to play a trick on him

nos combinamos para estar allí a las seis we all arranged to be there at six

2 ( Quím) to combine

* * *

combinar ( conjugate combinar) verbo transitivo
a) ( en general) to combine

b) ‹ colores› to put together;

‹ ropa› to coordinate;
◊ combinar el rojo con el violeta to put red and purple together

verbo intransitivo [colores/ropa] to go together;
combinar con algo to go with sth
combinar verbo transitivo, to combine, mix: hay que saber combinar estos dos sabores, you need to know how to best combine these two flavours
' combinar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
calor
- entonar
- ir
- mezclar
- pegar
- compaginar
- salir
- sintetizar
English:
blend
- combine
- match
- merge
- coordinate
- go
- mix

* * *

combinar

♦ vt

1. [unir, mezclar] to combine;

combina lo práctico con lo barato it is both practical and cheap

2. [bebidas] to mix

3. [colores] to match

4. [planificar] to arrange, to organize;

combinan sus horarios para que siempre haya alguien en casa they arrange the hours they work so there's always somebody at home

5. Mat to permute

6. Quím to combine

♦ vi
[colores, ropa]
combinar con to go with;

no tengo nada que combine con estos pantalones I haven't got anything to go o that goes with these trousers

♦ See also the pronominal verb combinarse

* * *

combinar

v/t combine

* * *

combinar vt

1) unir: to combine, to mix together

2) : to match, to put together

♦ See also the reflexive verb combinarse

* * *

combinar vb

1. (en general) to combine

combina el trabajo con los estudios he combines work with studying

2. (tener armonía) to match / to go with

ese color combina muy bien con los muebles that colour matches the furniture really well

Spanish-English dictionary > combinar
14 escueto

adj.

plain, bare, concise, unadorned.

* * *

escueto

► adjetivo

1 (sin adornos) bare, plain, unadorned

2 (conciso) concise, brief, succinct

* * *

(f. - escueta)

adj.

plain, simple, concise

* * *

ADJ [verdad] plain, naked; [estilo] simple; [explicación, presentación] concise, succinct

* * *

- ta adjetivo < explicación> succinct; <lenguaje/estilo> concise, plain

fue muy escueto — he was very succinct

* * *

= stark, bald, lean [leaner -comp., leanest -sup.], terse.

Ex. To be sure, it still has its congeries of mills and factories, its grimy huddle of frame dwellings and congested tenements, its stark, jagged skyline, but its old face is gradually changing.

Ex. This text contains its share of irrelevant allusions included by authors 'to add artistic verisimilitude to a bald and otherwise unconvincing narrative', to quote another favourite source.

Ex. While Baskerville's italic was a lean, elegant letter, the most radical departure from tradition since the French academic italic of the 1690s.

Ex. This terse McLuhanesque turn of phrase is at the core of what I want to talk about today.

* * *

- ta adjetivo < explicación> succinct; <lenguaje/estilo> concise, plain

fue muy escueto — he was very succinct

* * *

= stark, bald, lean [leaner -comp., leanest -sup.], terse.

Ex: To be sure, it still has its congeries of mills and factories, its grimy huddle of frame dwellings and congested tenements, its stark, jagged skyline, but its old face is gradually changing.

Ex: This text contains its share of irrelevant allusions included by authors 'to add artistic verisimilitude to a bald and otherwise unconvincing narrative', to quote another favourite source.

Ex: While Baskerville's italic was a lean, elegant letter, the most radical departure from tradition since the French academic italic of the 1690s.

Ex: This terse McLuhanesque turn of phrase is at the core of what I want to talk about today.

* * *

escueto -ta

adjective

‹explicación› succinct; ‹lenguaje/estilo› concise, plain

no se extendió mucho, fue muy escueto al respecto he didn't go into great detail, he was very succinct

su mensaje fue escueto his message was concise o brief

* * *

escueto
◊ -ta adjetivo ‹ explicación› succinct;

‹lenguaje/estilo› concise, plain;
◊ fue muy escueto he was very succinct

escueto,-a adjetivo plain
(lenguaje) concise

' escueto' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
escueta
English:
bare
- crisp
- stark

* * *

escueto, -a adj
[sucinto] concise; [sobrio] plain, unadorned;
fue o [m5] estuvo muy escueto en la rueda de prensa he was rather unforthcoming at the press conference

* * *

escueto

adj succinct, concise

* * *

escueto, -ta adj

1) : plain, simple

2) : succinct, concise

♦ escuetamente adv

Spanish-English dictionary > escueto
15 AT

I) prep.

A. with dative.

I. Of motion;

1) towards, against;

Otkell laut at Skamkatli, bowed down to S.;

hann sneri egginni at Ásgrími, turned the edge against A.;

2) close atup to;

Brynjólfr gengr alit at honum, quite up to him;

þeir kómust aldri at honum, they could never get near him, to close quarters with him;

3) to, at;

koma at landi, to come to land;

ganga at dómi, to go into court;

4) along (= eptir);

ganga at stræti, to walk along the street;

dreki er niðr fór at ánni (went down the river) fyrir strauminum;

refr dró hörpu at ísi, on the ice;

5) denoting hostility;

renna (sœkja) at e-m, to rush at, assault;

gerði þá at þeim þoku mikla, they were overtaken by a thick fog;

6) around;

vefja motri at höfði sér, to wrap a veil round one’s head;

bera grjót at e-m, to heap stones upon the body;

7) denoting business, engagement;

ríða at hrossum, at sauðum, to go looking after horses, watching sheep;

fara at landskuldum, to go collecting rents.

II. Of position, &c.;

1) denoting presence at, near, by, upon;

at kirkju, at church;

at dómi, in court;

at lögbergi, at the hill of laws;

2) denoting participation in;

vera at veizlu, brullaupi, to be at a banquet, wedding;

vera at vígi, to be an accessory in man-slaying;

3) ellipt., vera at, to be about, to be busy at;

kvalararnir, er at vóru at pína hann, who were tormenting him;

var þar at kona nökkur at binda (was there busy dressing) sár manna;

4) with proper names of places (farms);

konungr at Danmörku ok Noregi, king of;

biskup at Hólum, bishop of Holar;

at Helgafelli, at Bergþórshváli;

5) used ellipt. with a genitive, at (a person’s) house;

at hans (at his house) gisti fjölmenni mikit;

at Marðar, at Mara’s home;

at hins beilaga Ólafs konungs, at St. Olave’s church;

at Ránar, at Ran’s (abode).

III. Of time;

1) at, in;

at upphafi, at first, in the beginning;

at skilnaði, at parting, when they parted;

at páskum, at Easter;

at kveldi, at eventide;

at þinglausnum, at the close of the Assembly;

at fjöru, at the ebb;

at flœðum, at the floodtide;

2) adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr’;

at ári komanda, next year;

at vári, er kemr, next spring;

generally with ‘komanda’ understood;

at sumri, hausti, vetri, vári, next summer, &c.;

3) used with an absolute dative and present or past part.;

at sér lifanda, duing his lifetime;

at öllum ásjándum, in the sight of all;

at áheyranda höfðingjanum, in the hearing of the chief;

at upprennandi sólu, at sunrise;

at liðnum sex vikum, after six weeks are past;

at honum önduðum, after his death;

4) denoting uninterrupted succession, after;

hverr at öðrum, annarr at öðrum, one after another;

skildu menn at þessu, thereupon, after this;

at því (thereafter) kómu aðrar meyjar.

IV. fig. and in various uses;

1) to, into, with the notion of destruction or change;

brenna (borgina) at ösku, to burn to ashes;

verða at ormi, to become a snake;

2) for, as;

gefa e-t at gjöf, as a present;

eiga e-n at vin, to have one as friend;

3) by;

taka sverð at hjöltum, by the hilt;

draga út björninn at hlustunum, by the ears;

kjósa at afli, álitum, by strength, appearrance;

4) as regards as to;

auðigr at fé, wealthy in goods;

vænn (fagr) at áliti, fair of face;

5) as a law term, on the grounds of, by reason of;

ryðja ( to challenge) dóm at mægðum, kvið at frændsemi;

6) as a paraphrase of a genitive;

faðir, móðir at barni (= barns, of a child);

aðili at sök = aðili sakar;

7) with adjectives denoting colour, size, age, of;

hvítr, svartr, rauðr at lit, while, black, red of colour;

mikill, lítill at stœrð, vexti, tall, small of stature;

tvítugr at aldri, twenty years of age;

kýr at fyrsta, öðrum kálfi, a cow that has calved once, twice;

8) determining the source from which anything comes, of, from;

Ari nam ok marga frœði at Þuríði (from her);

þiggja, kaupa, geta, leigja e-t at e-m, to receive, buy, obtain, borrow a thing from one;

hafa veg (virðing) styrk at e-m, to derive honour, power, from one;

9) according, to, after (heygðr at fornum sið);

at ráði allra vitrustu manna, by the advice of;

at landslögum, by the law of the land;

at vánum, as was to be expected;

at leyfi e-s, by one’s leave;

10) in adverbial phrases;

gróa (vera grœddr) at heilu, to be quite healed;

bíta af allt gras at snøggu, quite bare;

at fullu, fully;

at vísu, surely;

at frjálsu, freely;

at eilífu, for ever and ever;

at röngu, at réttu, wrongly, rightly;

at líku, at sömu, equally, all the same;

at mun, at ráði, at marki, to a great extent.

B. with acc., after, upon (= eptir);

sonr á at taka arf at föður sinn, to take the inheritance after his father;

eiga féránsdóm at e-n, to hold a court of execution upon a person;

at þat (= eptir þat), after that, thereafter;

connected with a past part. or a., at Gamla fallinn, after the fall of Gamli;

at Hrungni dauðan, upon the death of Hrungnir.

II)

1) as the simple mark of the infinitive, to;

at ganga, at ríða, at hlaupa, to walk, to ride, to run;

2) in an objective sense;

hann bauð þeim at fara, sitja, he bade (ordered) them to go, sit;

gefa e-m at eta, at drekka, to give one to eat, to drink;

3) denoting design or purpose, in order to (hann gekk í borg at kaupa silfr).

III)

1) demonstrative particle before a comparative, the, all the, so much the;

hón grét at meir, she wept the more;

þykkir oss at líkara, all the more likely;

þú ert maðr at verri (so much the worse), er þú hefir þetta mælt;

2) rel. pron., who, which, that (= er);

þeir allir, at þau tíðindi heyrðu, all those who heard;

sem þeim er títt, at ( as is the custom of those who) kaupferðir reka.

IV)

conj., that;

1) introducing a subjective or objective clause;

þat var einhverju sinni, at Höskuldr hafði vinaboð, it happened once that H.;

vilda ek, at þú réðist austr í fjörðu, I should like you to go;

2) relative to svá, denoting proportion, degree;

svá mikill lagamaðr, at, so great a lawyer, that;

3) with subj., denoting end or purpose, in order that (skáru þeir fyrir þá (viz. hestana) melinn, at þeir dœi eigi af sulti);

4) since, because, as (= því at);

5) connected with þó, því, svá;

þó at (with subj.), though, although;

því at, because, for;

svá at, so that;

6) temp., þá at (= þá er), when;

þegar at (= þegar er), as soon as;

þar til at (= þar til er), until, till;

áðr at (= á. en), before;

7) used superfluously after an int. pron. or adv.;

Ólafr spurði, hvern styrk at hann mundi fá honum, what help he was likely to give him;

in a relative sense; með fullkomnum ávexti, hverr at (which) þekkr ok þægiligr mun verða.

V)

negative verbal suffix, = ata; var-at, was not.

VI)

n. an incited conflict or fight ( see etja);

odda at, Yggs at, battle.

* * *

1.

and að, prep., often used ellipt. dropping the case and even merely as an adverb, [Lat. ad; Ulf. at = πρός and παρά, A. S. ät; Engl. at; Hel. ad = apud; O. H. G. az; lost in mod. Germ., and rare in Swed. and Dan.; in more freq. use in Engl. than any other kindred language, Icel. only excepted]:—the mod. pronunciation and spelling is að (aþ); this form is very old, and is found in Icel. vellum MSS. of the 12th century, e. g. aþ, 623. 60; yet in earlier times it was sounded with a tenuis, as we may infer from rhymes, e. g. jöfurr hyggi at | hve ek yrkja fat, Egill: Sighvat also makes it rhyme with a t. The verse by Thorodd—þar vastu at er fjáðr klæðið þvat (Skálda 162)—is hardly intelligible unless we accept the spelling with an aspirate (að), and say that þvað is = þvá = þváði, lavabat; it may be that by the time of Thorodd and Ari the pure old pronunciation was lost, or is ‘þvat’ simply the A. S. þvât, secuit? The Icelanders still, however, keep the tenuis in compounds before a vowel, or before h, v, or the liquids l, r, thus—atyrða, atorka, athöfn, athugi, athvarf, athlægi; atvinna, atvik; atlaga, atlíðanði ( slope), atriði, atreið, atróðr: but aðdjúpr, aðfinsla (critic), aðferð, aðkoma, aðsókn, aðsúgr (crowding), aðgæzla. In some words the pronunciation is irregular, e. g. atkvæði not aðkv-; atburðr, but aðbúnaðr; aðhjúkran not athjúkran; atgörvi not aðgörfi. At, to, towards; into; against; along, by; in regard to; after.

Mostly with dat.; rarely with acc.; and sometimes ellipt.—by dropping the words ‘home,’ ‘house,’ or the like—with gen.

WITH DAT.

A. LOC.

I. WITH MOTION; gener. the motion to the borders, limits of an object, and thus opp. to frá:

1. towards, against, with or without the notion of arrival, esp. connected with verbs denoting motion (verba movendi et eundi), e. g. fara, ganga, koma, lúta, snúa, rétta at…; Otkell laut at Skamkatli, O. louted (i. e. bowed down) towards S., Nj. 77, Fms. xi. 102; sendimaðrinn sneri ( turned) hjöltum sverðsins at konungi, towards the king, i. 15; hann sneri egginni at Ásgrími, turned the edge towards A., Nj. 220; rétta e-t at e-m, to reach, hand over, Ld. 132; ganga at, to step towards, Ísl. ii. 259.

2. denoting proximity, close up to, up to; Brynjólfr gengr … allt at honum, B. goes quite up to him, Nj. 58; Gunnarr kom þangat at þeim örunum, G. reached them even there with his arrows, 115; þeir kómust aldri at honum, they could never get near him, to close quarters, id.; reið maðr at þeim (up to them), 274; þeir höfðu rakit sporin allt at ( right up to) gammanum, Fms. i. 9; komu þeir at sjó fram, came down to the sea, Bárð. 180.

3. without reference to the space traversed, to or at; koma at landi, to land, Ld. 38, Fms. viii. 358; ríða at dyrum, Boll. 344; hlaupa at e-m, to run up to, run at, Fms. vii. 218, viii. 358; af sjáfarganginum er hann gekk at landinu, of the surf dashing against the shore, xi. 6; vísa ólmum hundi at manni, to set a fierce hound at a man, Grág. ii. 118; leggja e-n at velli, to lay low, Eg. 426, Nj. 117; hníga at jörðu, at grasi, at moldu, to bite the dust, to die, Njarð. 378; ganga at dómi, a law term, to go into court, of a plaintiff, defendant, or bystander, Nj. 87 (freq.)

4. denoting a motion along, into, upon; ganga at stræti, to walk along the street, Korm. 228, Fms. vii. 39; at ísi, on the ice, Skálda 198, Fms. vii. 19, 246, viii. 168, Eb. 112 new Ed. (á is perh. wrong); máttu menn ganga bar yfir at skipum einum, of ships alone used as a bridge, Fas. i. 378; at höfðum, at nám, to trample on the slain on the battle-field, Lex. Poët.; at ám, along the rivers; at merkiósum, at the river’s mouth, Grág. ii. 355; at endilöngu baki, all along its back, Sks. 100.

5. denoting hostility, to rush at, assault; renna at, hlaupa at, ganga, fara, ríða, sækja, at e-m, (v. those words), whence the nouns atrenna, athlaup, atgangr, atför, atreið, atsókn, etc.

β. metaph., kom at þeim svefnhöfgi, deep sleep fell on them, Nj. 104. Esp. of weather, in the impers. phrase, hríð, veðr, vind, storm görir at e-m, to be overtaken by a snow storm, gale, or the like; görði þá at þeim þoku mikla, they were overtaken by a thick fog, Bárð. 171.

6. denoting around, of clothing or the like; bregða skikkju at höfði sér, to wrap his cloak over his head, Ld. 62; vefja motri at höfði sér, to wrap a snood round her head, 188; sauma at, to stick, cling close, as though sewn on; sauma at höndum sér, of tight gloves, Bs. i. 453; kyrtill svá þröngr sem saumaðr væri at honum, as though it were stitched to him, Nj. 214; vafit at vándum dreglum, tight laced with sorry tags, id.; hosa strengd fast at beini, of tight hose, Eg. 602; hann sveipar at sér iðrunum ok skyrtunni, he gathers up the entrails close to him and the skirt too, Gísl. 71; laz at síðu, a lace on the side, to keep the clothes tight, Eg. 602.

β. of burying; bera grjót at einum, to heap stones upon the body, Eg. 719; var gör at þeim dys or grjóti, Ld. 152; gora kistu at líki, to make a coffin for a body, Eb. 264, Landn. 56, Ld. 142.

γ. of summoning troops or followers; stefna at sér mönnum, to summon men to him, Nj. 104; stefna at sér liði, Eg. 270; kippa mönnum at sér, to gather men in haste, Ld. 64.

7. denoting a business, engagement; ríða at hrossum, at sauðum, to go looking after after horses, watching sheep, Glúm. 362, Nj. 75; fara at fé, to go to seek for sheep, Ld. 240; fara at heyi, to go a-haymaking, Dropl. 10; at veiðum, a-hunting; at fuglum, a-fowling; at dýrum, a-sbooting; at fiski, a-fishing; at veiðiskap, Landn. 154, Orkn. 416 (in a verse), Nj. 25; fara at landskuldum, to go a-collecling rents, Eg. 516; at Finnkaupum, a-marketing with Finns, 41; at féföngum, a-plundering, Fms. vii. 78; ganga at beina, to wait on guests, Nj. 50; starfa at matseld, to serve at table, Eb. 266; hitta e-n at nauðsynjum, on matters of business; at máli, to speak with one, etc., Fms. xi. 101; rekast at e-m, to pursue one, ix. 404; ganga at liði sér, to go suing for help, Grág. ii. 384.

β. of festivals; snúa, fá at blóti, veizlu, brullaupi, to prepare for a sacrificial banquet, wedding, or the like, hence at-fangadagr, Eb. 6, Ld. 70; koma at hendi, to happen, befall; ganga at sínu, to come by one’s own, to take it, Ld. 208; Egill drakk hvert full er at honum kom, drained every horn that came to him, Eg. 210; komast at keyptu, to purchase dearly, Húv. 46.

8. denoting imaginary motion, esp. of places, cp. Lat. spectare, vergere ad…, to look or lie towards; horfði botninn at höfðanum, the bight of the bay looked toward the headland, Fms. i. 340, Landn. 35; also, skeiðgata liggr at læknum, leads to the brook, Ísl. ii. 339; á þann arminn er vissi at sjánum, on that wing which looked toward the sea, Fms. viii. 115; sár þau er horft höfðu at Knúti konungi, xi. 309.

β. even connected with verbs denoting motion; Gilsáreyrr gengr austan at Fljótinu, G. extends, projects to F. from the east, Hrafh. 25; hjá sundi því, er at gengr þingstöðinni, Fms. xi. 85.

II. WITHOUT MOTION; denoting presence at, near, by, at the side of, in, upon; connected with verbs like sitja, standa, vera…; at kirkju, at church, Fms. vii. 251, K. f). K. 16, Ld. 328, Ísl. ii. 270, Sks. 36; vera at skála, at húsi, to be in, at home, Landn. 154; at landi, Fms. i. 82; at skipi, on shipboard, Grág. i. 209, 215; at oldri, at a banquet, inter pocula; at áti, at dinner, at a feast, inter edendum, ii. 169, 170; at samförum ok samvistum, at public meetings, id.; at dómi, in a court; standa (to take one’s stand) norðan, sunnan, austan, vestan at dómi, freq. in the proceedings at trials in lawsuits, Nj.; at þingi, present at the parliament, Grág. i. 142; at lögbergi, o n the hill of laws, 17, Nj.; at baki e-m, at the back of.

2. denoting presence, partaking in; sitja at mat, to sit at meat, Fms. i. 241; vera at veizlu, brullaupi, to be at a banquet, nuptials, Nj. 51, Ld. 70: a law term, vera at vígi, to be an accessory in manslaying, Nj. 89, 100; vera at e-u simply means to be about, be busy in, Fms. iv. 237; standa at máli, to stand by one in a case, Grág. ii. 165, Nj. 214; vera at fóstri, to be fostered, Fms. i. 2; sitja at hégóma, to listen to nonsense, Ld. 322; vera at smíð, to be at one’s work, Þórð. 62: now absol., vera at, to go on with, be busy at.

3. the law term vinna eið at e-u has a double meaning:

α. vinna eið at bók, at baugi, to make an oath upon the book by laying the band upon it, Landn. 258, Grág., Nj.; cp. Vkv. 31, Gkv. 3. 3, Hkv. 2. 29, etc.: ‘við’ is now used in this sense.

β. to confirm a fact (or the like) by an oath, to swear to, Grág. i. 9, 327.

γ. the law phrase, nefna vátta at e-u, of summoning witnesses to a deed, fact, or the like; nefna vátta at benjum, to produce evidence, witnesses as to the wounds, Nj., Grág.; at görð, Eg. 738; at svörum, Grág. i. 19: this summoning of witnesses served in old lawsuits the same purpose as modern pleadings and depositions; every step in a suit to be lawful must be followed by such a summoning or declaration.

4. used ellipt., vera at, to be about, to be busy at; kvalararnir er at vóru at pína hann, who were tormenting him; þar varstu at, you were there present, Skálda 162; at várum þar, Gísl. (in a verse): as a law term ‘vera at’ means to be guilty, Glúm. 388; vartattu at þar, Eg. (in a verse); hence the ambiguity of Glum’s oath, vask at þar, I was there present: var þar at kona nokkur ( was there busy) at binda sár manna, Fms. v. 91; hann var at ok smíðaði skot, Rd. 313; voru Varbelgir at ( about) at taka af, þau lög …, Fms. ix. 512; ek var at ok vafk, I was about weaving, xi. 49; þeir höfðu verit at þrjú sumur, they had been busy at it for three summers, x. 186 (now very freq.); koma at, come in, to arrive unexpectedly; Gunnarr kom at í því, G. came in at that moment; hvaðan komtú nú at, whence did you come? Nj. 68, Fms. iii. 200.

5. denoting the kingdom or residence of a king or princely person; konungr at Danmörk ok Noregi, king of…, Fms. i. 119, xi. 281; konungr, jarl, at öllum Noregi, king, earl, over all N., íb. 3, 13, Landn. 25; konungr at Dyflinni, king of Dublin, 25; but í or yfir England!, Eg. 263: cp. the phrase, sitja at landi, to reside, of a king when at home, Hkr. i. 34; at Joini, Fms. xi. 74: used of a bishop; biskup at Hólum, bishop of Hólar, Íb. 18, 19; but biskup í Skálaholti, 19: at Rómi, at Rome, Fbr. 198.

6. in denoting a man’s abode (vide p. 5, col. 1, l. 27), the prep. ‘at’ is used where the local name implies the notion of by the side of, and is therefore esp. applied to words denoting a river, brook, rock, mountain, grove, or the like, and in some other instances, by, at, e. g. at Hofi (a temple), Landn. 198; at Borg ( a castle), 57; at Helgafelli (a mountain), Eb. constantly so; at Mosfelli, Landn. 190; at Hálsi (a hill), Fms. xi. 22; at Bjargi, Grett. 90; Hálsum, Landn. 143; at Á ( river), 296, 268; at Bægisá, 212; Giljá, 332; Myrká, 211; Vatnsá, id.; þverá, Glúm. 323; at Fossi (a ‘force’ or waterfall), Landn. 73; at Lækjamoti (waters-meeting), 332; at Hlíðarenda ( end of the lithe or hill), at Bergþórshváli, Nj.; at Lundi (a grove), at Melum (sandhill), Landn. 70: the prep. ‘á’ is now used in most of these cases, e. g. á Á, á Hofi, Helgafelli, Felli, Hálsi, etc.

β. particularly, and without any regard to etymology, used of the abode of kings or princes, to reside at; at Uppsölum, at Haugi, Alreksstöðum, at Hlöðum, Landn., Fms.

γ. konungr lét kalla at stofudyrum, the king made a call at the hall door, Eg. 88; þeir kölluðu at herberginu, they called at the inn, Fms. ix. 475.

7. used ellipt. with a gen., esp. if connected with such words as gista, to be a guest, lodge, dine, sup (of festivals or the like) at one’s home; at Marðar, Nj. 4; at hans, 74; þingfesti at þess bóanda, Grág. i. 152; at sín, at one’s own home, Eg. 371, K. Þ. K. 62; hafa náttstað at Freyju, at the abode of goddess Freyja, Eg. 603; at Ránar, at Ran’s, i. e. at Ran’s house, of drowned men who belong to the queen of the sea, Ran, Eb. 274; at hins heilaga Ólafs konungs, at St. Olave’s church, Fms. vi. 63: cp. ad Veneris, εις Κίμωνος.

B. TEMP.

I. at, denoting a point or period of time; at upphafi, at first, in the beginning, Ld. 104; at lyktum, at síðustu, at lokum, at last; at lesti, at last, Lex. Poët., more freq. á lesti; at skilnaði, at parting, at last, Band. 3; at fornu, in times of yore, formerly, Eg. 267, D. I. i. 635; at sinni, as yet, at present; at nýju, anew, of present time; at eilífu, for ever and ever; at skömmu, soon, shortly, Ísl. ii. 272, v. l.

II. of the very moment when anything happens, the beginning of a term; denoting the seasons of the year, months, weeks, the hours of the day; at Jólum, at Yule, Nj. 46; at Pálmadegi, on Palm Sunday, 273; at Páskum, at Easter; at Ólafsvöku, on St. Olave’s eve, 29th of July, Fms.; at vetri, at the beginning of the winter, on the day when winter sets in, Grág. 1. 151; at sumarmálum, at vetrnáttum; at Tvímánaði, when the Double month (August) begins, Ld. 256, Grág. i. 152; at kveldi, at eventide, Eg. 3; at því meli, at that time; at eindaga, at the term, 395; at eykð, at 4 o’clock p. m., 198; at öndverðri æfi Abra hams, Ver. II; at sinni, now at once, Fms. vi. 71; at öðruhverju, every now and then.

β. where the point of time is marked by some event; at þingi, at the meeting of parliament (18th to the 24th of June), Ld. 182; at féránsdómi, at the court of execution, Grág. i. 132, 133; at þinglausnum, at the close of the parliament (beginning of July), 140; at festarmálum, eðr at eiginorði, at betrothal or nuptials, 174; at skilnaði, when they parted, Nj. 106 (above); at öllum minnum, at the general drinking of the toasts, Eg. 253; at fjöru, at the ebb; at flæðum, at flood tide, Fms. viii. 306, Orkn. 428; at hrörum, at an inquest, Grág. i. 50 (cp. ii. 141, 389); at sökum, at prosecutions, 30; at sinni, now, as yet, v. that word.

III. ellipt., or adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr,’ of the future time:

1. ellipt., komanda or the like being understood, with reference to the seasons of the year; at sumri, at vetri, at hausti, at vári, next summer, winter…, Ísl. ii. 242; at miðju sumri, at ári, at Midsummer, next year, Fas. i. 516; at miðjum vetri, Fms. iv. 237,

2. adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr;’ at ári komanda, Bárð. 177; at vári er kemr, Dipl. iii. 6.

IV. used with an absolute dat. and with a pres. part.:

1. with pres. part.; at morni komanda, on the coming morrow, Fms. i. 263; at sér lifanda, in vivo, in his life time, Grág. ii. 202; at þeim sofundum, illis dormientibus, Hkr. i. 234; at öllum ásjándum, in the sight of all, Fms. x. 329; at úvitanda konungi, illo nesciente, without his knowledge, 227; at áheyranda höfðingjanum, in the chief’s bearing, 235.

2. of past time with a past part. (Lat. abl. absol.); at hræjum fundnum, on the bodies being found, Grág. ii. 87; at háðum dómum ok föstu þingi, during the session, the courts being set, i. 484; at liðnum sex vikum, after six weeks past, Band. 13; at svá búnu, so goru, svá komnu, svá mæltu (Lat. quibus rebus gestis, dictis, quo facto, dicto, etc.), v. those words; at úreyndu, without trial, without put ting one to the test, Ld. 76; at honum önduðum, illo mortuo.

3. ellipt. without ‘at;’ en þessum hlutum fram komnum, when all this has been done, Eb. 132.

V. in some phrases with a slight temp, notion; at görðum gildum, the fences being strong, Gþl. 387; at vörmu spori, at once, whilst the trail is warm; at úvörum, unawares, suddenly, Nj. 95, Ld. 132; at þessu, at this cost, on that condition, Eb. 38, Nj. 55; at illum leiki, to have a narrow escape, now við illan leik, Fms. ix. 473; at því, that granted, Grág. ii. 33: at því, at pessu, thereafter, thereupon, Nj. 76.

2. denoting succession, without interruption, one after another; hverr at öðrum, annarr maðr at öðrum, aðrir at öðrum; eina konu at annarri, Eg. 91, Fms. ii. 236, vi. 25, Bs. i. 22, 625. 80, H. E. i. 522.

C. METAPH. and in various cases:

I. denoting a transformation or change into, to, with the notion of destruction; brenna at ösku, at köldum kolum, to burn to ashes, to be quite destroyed, Fms. i. 105, Edda 3, Sturl. ii. 51: with the notion of transformation or transfiguration, in such phrases as, verða at e-u, göra e-t at e-u, to turn it into:

α. by a spell; verða at ormi, to become a snake, Fms. xi. 158; at flugdrekum, Gullþ. 7; urðu þau bönd at járni, Edda 40.

β. by a natural process it can often be translated by an acc. or by as; göra e-n at urðarmanni, to make him an outlaw, Eg. 728; græða e-n at orkumlamanni, to heal him so as to maim him for life, of bad treatment by a leech, Eb. 244: in the law terms, sár görist at ben, a wound turning into a ben, proving to be mortal, Grág., Nj.; verða at ljúgvætti, to prove to be a false evidence, Grág. i. 44; verða at sætt, to turn into reconciliation, Fms. i. 13; göra e-t at reiði málum, to take offence at, Fs. 20; at nýjum tíðindum, to tell as news, Nj. 14; verða fátt at orðum, to be sparing of words, 18; kveðr (svá) at orði, to speak, utter, 10; verða at þrifnaði, to geton well, Fms. vii. 196: at liði, at skaða, to be a help or hurt to one; at bana, to cause one’s death, Nj. 223, Eg. 21, Grág. ii. 29: at undrum, at hlátri, to become a wonder, a laughing-stock, 623. 35, Eg. 553.

II. denoting capacity, where it may be translated merely by as or for; gefa at Jólagjöf, to give for a Christmas-box, Eg. 516; at gjöf, for a present; at erfð, at láni, launum, as an inheritance, a loan; at kaupum ok sökum, for buying and selling, Ísl. ii. 223, Grág. i. 423; at solum, ii. 204; at herfangi, as spoil or plunder; at sakbótum, at niðgjöldum, as a compensation, weregeld, i. 339, ii. 171, Hkr. ii. 168; taka at gíslingu, to take as an hostage, Edda 15; eiga e-n at vin, at óvin, to have one as friend or foe, illt er at eiga þræl at eingavin, ‘tis ill to have a thrall for one’s bosom friend (a proverb), Nj. 77; fæða, eiga, at sonum (syni), to beget a son, Edda 8, Bs. i. 60 (but eiga at dóttur cannot be said); hafa möttul at yfirhöfn, Fms. vii. 201; verða nökkut at manni (mönnum), to turn out to be a worthy man; verða ekki at manni, to turn out a worthless person, xi. 79, 268.

2. in such phrases as, verða at orðum, to come towards, Nj. 26; var þat at erindum, Eg. 148; hafa at veizlum, to draw veizlur ( dues) from, Fms. iv. 275, Eg. 647; gora e-t at álitum, to take it into consideration, Nj. 3.

III. denoting belonging to, fitting, of parts of the whole or the like; vóru at honum (viz. the sword) hjölt gullbúin, the sword was ornamented with a hilt of gold, Ld. 330; umgörð at ( belonging to) sverði, Fs. 97 (Hs.) in a verse; en ef mór er eigi at landinu, if there be no turf moor belonging to the land, Grág. ii. 338; svá at eigi brotnaði nokkuð at Orminum, so that no harm happened to the ship Worm, Fms. x. 356; hvatki er meiðir at skipinu eðr at reiðinu eðr at viðum, damage done t o …, Grág. ii. 403; lesta ( to injure) hús at lásum, við eðr torfi, 110; ef land hefir batnað at húsum, if the land has been bettered as to its buildings, 210; cp. the phrase, göra at e-u, to repair: hamlaðr at höndum eðr fótum, maimed as to hands or feet, Eg. 14; heill at höndum en hrumr at fótum, sound in band, palsied in foot, Fms. vii. 12; lykill at skrá, a key belonging, fitting, to the latch; hurð at húsi; a key ‘gengr at’ ( fits) skrá; and many other phrases. 2. denoting the part by which a thing is held or to which it belongs, by; fá, taka at…, to grasp by …; þú tókt við sverði hans at hjöltunum, you took it by the bill, Fms. i. 15; draga út björninn at hlustum, to pull out the bear by the ears, Fas. ii. 237; at fótum, by the feet, Fms. viii. 363; mæla ( to measure) at hrygg ok at jaðri, by the edge or middle of the stuff, Grág. i. 498; kasta e-m at höfði, head foremost, Nj. 84; kjósa e-n at fótum, by the feet alone, Edda 46; hefja frændsemi at bræðrum, eða at systkynum, to reckon kinship by the brother’s or the sister’s side, Grág. i. 28; kjósa at afli, at álitum, by strength, sight, Gs. 8, belongs rather to the following.

IV. in respect of, as regards, in regard to, as to; auðigr at fé, wealthy of goods, Nj. 16, 30, 51; beztir hestar at reið, the best racehorses, 186; spekingr at viti, a man of great intellect, Ld. 124; vænn (fagr) at áliti, fair of face, Nj. 30, Bs. i. 61; kvenna vænst at ásjónu ok vits munum, of surpassing beauty and intellect, Ld. 122; fullkominn at hyggju, 18; um fram aðra menn at vinsældum ok harðfengi, of surpassing popularity and hardihood, Eb. 30.

2. a law term, of challenging jurors, judges, or the like, on account of, by reason of; ryðja ( to challenge) at mægðum, guðsifjum, frændsemi, hrörum …; at leiðarlengd, on account of distance, Grág. i. 30, 50, Nj. (freq.)

3. in arithm. denoting proportion; at helmingi, þriðjungi, fjórðungi, tíunda hluta, cp. Lat. ex asse, quadrante, for the half, third… part; máttr skal at magni (a proverb), might and main go together, Hkr. ii. 236; þú munt vera at því mikill fræðimaðr á kvæði, in the same proportion, as great, Fms. vi. 391, iii. 41; at e-s hluta, at… leiti, for one’s part, in turn, as far as one is con cerned, Grág. i. 322, Eg. 309, Fms. iii. 26 (freq.): at öðrum kosti, in the other case, otherwise (freq.) More gener., at öllu, öngu, in all (no) respects; at sumu, einhverju, nokkru, partly; at flestu, mestu, chiefly.

4. as a paraphrase of a genitive; faðir, móðir at barni (= barns); aðili at sök (= sakar a.); morðingi at barni (= barns), faðerni at barni (barns); illvirki at fé manna (cp. Lat. felo de se), niðrfall at sökum (saka), land gangr at fiskum (fiska), Fms. iv. 274, Grág. i. 277, 416, N. G. L. i. 340, K. Þ. K. 112, Nj. 21.

5. the phrase ‘at sér,’ of himself or in himself, either ellipt. or by adding the participle görr, and with the adverbs vel, ilia, or the like; denoting breeding, bearing, endowments, character …; væn kona, kurteis ok vel at sér, an accomplished, well-bred, gifted lady, Nj. I; vitr maðr ok vel at sér, a wise man and thoroughly good in feeling and bearing, 5; þú ert maðr vaskr ok vel at þér, 49; gerr at sér, accomplished, 51; bezt at sér görr, the finest, best bred man, 39, Ld. 124; en þó er hann svá vel at sér, so generous, Nj. 77; þeir höfðingjar er svá vóru vel at sér, so noble-minded, 198, Fms. i. 160: the phrase ‘at sér’ is now only used of knowledge, thus maðr vel að sér means clever, a man of great knowledge; illa að sér, a blockhead.

6. denoting relations to colour, size, value, age, and the like; hvitr, svartr, grár, rauðr … at lit, white, swarthy, gray, red … of colour, Bjarn. 55, 28, Ísl. ii. 213, etc.; mikill, lítill, at stærð, vexti, tall, small of size, etc.; ungr, gamall, barn, at aldri, young, old, a child of age; tvítugr, þrítugr … at aldri, twenty, thirty … years of age (freq.): of animals; kyr at fyrsta, öðrum … kálfi, a cow having calved once, twice…, Jb. 346: value, amount, currency of money, kaupa e-t at mörk, at a mark, N. G. L. 1. 352; ok er eyririnn at mörk, amounts to a mark, of the value of money, Grág. i. 392; verðr þá at hálfri murk vaðmála eyrir, amounts to a half a mark, 500.

β. metaph. of value, connected with verbs denoting to esteem, hold; meta, hafa, halda at miklu, litlu, vettugi, engu, or the like, to hold in high or low esteem, to care or not to care for (freq.): geta e-s at góðu, illu, öngu, to mention one favourably, unfavourably, indifferently … (freq.), prop. in connection with. In many cases it may be translated by in; ekki er mark at draumum, there is no meaning in dreams, no heed is to be paid to dreams, Sturl. ii. 217; bragð er at þá barnið finnr, it goes too far, when even a child takes offence (a proverb): hvat er at því, what does it mean? Nj. 11; hvert þat skip er vöxtr er at, any ship of mark, i. e. however small, Fms. xi. 20.

V. denoting the source of a thing:

1. source of infor mation, to learn, perceive, get information from; Ari nam ok marga fræði at Þuríði, learnt as her pupil, at her hands, as St. Paul at the feet of Gamaliel, (just as the Scotch say to speer or ask at a person); Ari nam at Þorgeiri afraðskoll, Hkr. (pref.); nema kunnáttu at e-m, used of a pupil, Fms. i. 8; nema fræði at e-m, xi. 396.

2. of receiving, acquiring, buying, from; þiggja e-t at e-m, to receive a thing at his hands, Nj. 51; líf, to be pardoned, Fms. x. 173; kaupa land at e-m, to buy it from, Landn. 72, Íb. II, (now af is more freq. in this sense); geta e-t at e-m, to obtain, procure at one’s hands, impetrare; þeirra manna er þeir megu þat geta at, who are willing to do that, Grág. i. I; heimta e-t at e-m (now af), to call in, demand (a debt, money), 279; fala e-t at e-m (now af), to chaffer for or cheapen anything, Nj. 73; sækja e-t at e-m, to ask, seek for; sækja heilræði ok traust at e-m, 98; leiga e-t at e-m (now af), to borrow, Grág. ii. 334; eiga e-t (fé, skuld) at e-m, to be owed money by any one, i. 399: metaph. to deserve of one, Nj. 113; eiga mikit at e-m, to have much to do with, 138; hafa veg, virðing, styrk, at, to derive honour, power from, Fms. vi. 71, Eg. 44, Bárð. 174; gagn, to be of use, Ld. 216; mein, tálma, mischief, disadvantage, 158, 216, cp. Eg. 546; ótta, awe, Nj. 68.

VI. denoting conformity, according to, Lat. secundum, ex, after; at fornum sið, Fms. i. 112; at sögn Ara prests, as Ari relates, on his authority, 55; at ráði allra vitrustu manna, at the advice of, Ísl. ii. 259, Ld. 62; at lögum, at landslögum, by the law of the land, Grág., Nj.; at líkindum, in all likelihood, Ld. 272; at sköpum, in due course (poet.); at hinum sama hætti, in the very same manner, Grág. i. 90; at vánum, as was to be expected, Nj. 255; at leyfi e-s, by one’s leave, Eg. 35; úlofi, Grág. ii. 215; at ósk, vilja e-s, as one likes…; at mun, id. (poet.); at sólu, happily (following the course of the sun), Bs. i. 70, 137; at því sem …, as to infer from …, Nj. 124: ‘fara, láta, ganga at’ denotes to yield, agree to, to comply with, give in, Ld. 168, Eg. 18, Fms. x. 368.

VII. in phrases nearly or quite adverbial; gróa, vera græddr, at heilu, to be quite healed, Bárð. 167, Eb. 148; bíta at snöggu, to bite it bare, Fms. xi. 6; at þurru, till it becomes dry, Eb. 276; at endilöngu, all along, Fas. ii; vinnast at litlu, to avail little, 655 x. 14; at fullu, fully, Nj. 257, Hkr. i. 171; at vísu, of a surety, surely, Ld. 40; at frjálsu, freely, 308; at líku, at sömu, equally, all the same, Hom. 80, Nj. 267; at röngu, wrongly, 686 B. 2; at hófi, temperately, Lex. Poët.; at mun, at ráði, at marki, to a great extent; at hringum, utterly, all round, (rare), Fms. x. 389; at einu, yet, Orkn. 358; svá at einu, því at einu, allt at einu, yet, however, nevertheless.

VIII. connected with comparatives of adverbs and adjectives, and strengthening the sense, as in Engl. ‘the,’ so much the more, all the more; ‘at’ heldr tveimr, at ek munda gjarna veita yðr öllum, where it may be translated by so much the more to two, as I would willingly grant it to all of you; hon grét at meir, she grat (wept) the more, Eg. 483; þykir oss at líkara, all the more likely, Fms. viii. 6; þess at harðari, all the harder, Sturl. iii. 202 C; svá at hinn sé bana at nær, Grág. ii. 117; at auðnara, at hólpnara, the more happy, Al. 19, Grett. 116 B; þess at meiri, Fms. v. 64; auvirðismaðr at meiri, Sturl. ii. 139; maðr at vaskari, id.; at feigri, any the more fey, Km. 22; maðr at verri, all the worse, Nj. 168; ok er ‘at’ firr…, at ek vil miklu heldr, cp. Lat. tantum abest… ut, Eg. 60.

β. following after a negation; eigi at síðr, no less, Nj. 160, Ld. 146; eigi… at meiri maðr, any better, Eg. 425, 489; erat héra at borgnara, any the better off for that, Fms. vii. 116; eigi at minni, no less for that, Edda (pref.) 146; eigi at minna, Ld. 216, Fms. ix. 50; ekki at verri drengr, not a bit worse for that, Ld. 42; er mér ekki son minn at bættari, þótt…, 216; at eigi vissi at nær, any more, Fas. iii. 74.

IX. following many words:

1. verbs, esp. those denoting, a. to ask, enquire, attend, seek, e. g. spyrja at, to speer (ask) for; leita at, to seek for; gæta, geyma at, to pay attention to; huga, hyggja at; hence atspurn, to enquire, aðgæzla, athugi, attention, etc.

β. verbs denoting laughter, play, joy, game, cp. the Engl. to play at …, to laugh at …; hlæja, brosa at e-u, to laugh, smile at it; leika (sér) at e-u, to play at; þykja gaman at, to enjoy; hæða, göra gys at …, to make sport at …

γ. verbs denoting assistance, help; standa, veita, vinna, hjálpa at; hence atstoð, atvinna, atverk:—mode, proceeding; fara at, to proceed, hence atför and atferli:—compliance; láta, fara at e-u, v. above:— fault; e-t er at e-u, there is some fault in it, Fms. x. 418; skorta at e-u, to fall short of, xi. 98:—care, attendance; hjúkra at, hlýja at, v. these words:—gathering, collecting; draga, reiða, flytja, fá at, congerere:—engagement, arrival, etc.; sækja at, to attack; ganga at, vera at, to be about; koma at, ellipt. to arrive: göra at, to repair: lesta at, to impair (v. above); finna at, to criticise (mod.); telja at, id.: bera at, to happen; kveða at e-m, to address one, 625. 15, (kveða at (ellipt.) now means to pronounce, and of a child to utter (read) whole syllables); falla at, of the flood-tide (ellipt.): metaph. of pains or straits surrounding one; þreyngja, herða at, to press hard: of frost and cold, with regard to the seasons; frjósa at, kólna at, to get really cold (SI. 44), as it were from the cold stiffening all things: also of the seasons themselves; hausta, vetra að, when the season really sets in; esp. the cold seasons, ‘sumra at’ cannot be used, yet we may say ‘vára að’ when the spring sets in, and the air gets mild.

δ. in numberless other cases which may partly be seen below.

2. connected ellipt. with adverbs denoting motion from a place; norðan, austan, sunnan, vestan at, those from the north, east…; utan at, innan at, from the outside or inside.

3. with adjectives (but rarely), e. g. kærr, elskr, virkr (affectionate), vandr (zealous), at e-m; v. these words.

WITH ACC.

TEMP.: Lat. post, after, upon, esp. freq. in poetry, but rare in prose writers, who use eptir; nema reisi niðr at nið (= maðr eptir mann), in succession, of erecting a monument, Hm. 71; in prose, at þat. posthac, deinde, Fms. x. 323, cp. Rm., where it occurs several times, 2, 6, 9, 14, 18, 24, 28, 30, 35; sonr á at taka arf at föður sinn, has to take the inheritance after his father, Grág. i. 170 new Ed.; eiga féránsdóm at e-n, Grág. i. 89; at Gamla fallinn, after the death of G., Fms. x. 382; in Edda (Gl.) 113 ought to be restored, grét ok at Oð, gulli Freyja, she grat (wept) tears of gold for her lost husband Od. It is doubtful if it is ever used in a purely loc. sense; at land, Grág. (Sb.)ii. 211, is probably corrupt; at hönd = á hönd, Grág. (Sb.) i. 135; at mót = at móti, v. this word.

☞ In compounds (v. below) at- or að- answers in turn to Lat. ad- or in- or con-; atdráttr e. g. denotes collecting; atkoma is adventus: it may also answer to Lat. ob-, in atburðr = accidence, but might also be compared with Lat. occurrere.

2.

and að, the mark of the infinitive [cp. Goth. du; A. S. and Engl. to; Germ. zu]. Except in the case of a few verbs ‘at’ is always placed immediately before the infinitive, so as to be almost an inseparable part of the verb.

I. it is used either,

1. as, a simple mark of the infinitive, only denoting an action and independent of the subject, e. g. at ganga, at hlaupa, at vita, to go, to run, to know; or,

2. in an objective sense when following such verbs as bjóða segja…, to invite, command …; hann bauð þeim at ganga, at sitja, be bade, ordered them to go, sit, or the like; or as gefa and fá; gefa e-m at drekka, at eta, to give one to drink or to eat, etc. etc.

β. with the additional notion of intention, esp. when following verba cogitandi; hann ætlaði, hafði í hyggju at fara, he had it in his mind to go (where ‘to go’ is the real object to ætlaði and hafði í hyggju).

3. answering to the Gr. ινα, denoting intention, design, in order to; hann gékk í borg at kaupa silfr, in order to buy, Nj. 280; hann sendi riddara sína með þeim at varðveita þær, 623. 45: in order to make the phrase more plain, ‘svá’ and ‘til’ are frequently added, esp. in mod. writers, ‘svá at’ and contr. ‘svát’ (the last however is rare), ‘til at’ and ‘til þess at,’ etc.

II. in the earlier times the infin., as in Greek and Lat., had no such mark; and some verbs remain that cannot be followed by ‘at;’ these verbs are almost the same in Icel. as in Engl.:

α. the auxiliary verbs vil, mun ( μέλλω), skal; as in Engl. to is never used after the auxiliaries shall, will, must; ek vil ganga, I will go; ek mun fara, (as in North. E.) I mun go; ek skal göra þat, I shall do that, etc.

β. the verbs kunna, mega, as in Engl. I can or may do, I dare say; svá hygginn at hann kunni fyrir sökum ráða, Grág. ii. 75; í öllu er prýða má góðan höfðingja, Nj. 90; vera má, it may be; vera kann þat, id.: kunnu, however, takes ‘at’ whenever it means to know, and esp. in common language in phrases such as, það kann að vera, but vera kann þat, v. above.

γ. lata, biðja, as in Engl. to let, to bid; hann lét (bað) þá fara, he let (bade) them go.

δ. þykkja, þykjast, to seem; hann þykir vera, he is thought to be: reflex., hann þykist vera, sibi videtur: impers., mér þykir vera, mibi videtur, in all cases without ‘at.’ So also freq. the verbs hugsa, hyggja, ætla, halda, to think, when denoting merely the act of thinking; but if there be any notion of intention or purpose, they assume the ‘at;’ thus hann ætlaði, hugði, þá vera góða menn, he thought them to be, acc. c. inf.; but ætlaði at fara, meant to go, etc.

ε. the verbs denoting to see, bear; sjá, líta, horfa á … ( videre); heyra, audire, as in Engl. I saw them come, I heard him tell, ek sá þá koma, ek heyrði hann tala.

ζ. sometimes after the verbs eiga and ganga; hann gékk steikja, be went to roast, Vkv. 9; eiga, esp. when a mere periphrasis instead of skal, móður sína á maðr fyrst fram færa (better at færa), Grág. i. 232; á þann kvið einskis meta, 59; but at meta, id. l. 24; ráða, nema, göra …, freq. in poetry, when they are used as simple auxiliary verbs, e. g. nam hann sér Högna hvetja at rúnum, Skv. 3. 43.

η. hljóta and verða, when used in the sense of must (as in Engl. he must go), and when placed after the infin.of another verb; hér muntu vera hljóta, Nj. 129; but hljóta at vera: fara hlýtr þú, Fms. 1. 159; but þú hlýtr at fara: verða vita, ii. 146; but verða at vita: hann man verða sækja, þó verðr (= skal) maðr eptir mann lifa, Fms. viii. 19, Fas. ii. 552, are exceptional cases.

θ. in poetry, verbs with the verbal neg. suffix ‘-at,’ freq. for the case of euphony, take no mark of the infinitive, where it would be indispensable with the simple verb, vide Lex. Poët. Exceptional cases; hvárt sem hann vill ‘at’ verja þá sök, eða, whatever he chooses, either, Grág. i. 64; fyrr viljum vér enga kórónu at bera, en nokkut ófrelsi á oss at taka, we would rather bear no crown than …, Fms. x. 12; the context is peculiar, and the ‘at’ purposely added. It may be left out ellipt.; e. g. þá er guð gefr oss finnast (= at finnast), Dipl. ii. 14; gef honum drekka (= at drekka), Pr. 470; but mostly in unclassical writers, in deeds, or the like, written nastily and in an abrupt style.

3.

and að, conj. [Goth. þatei = οτι; A. S. þät; Engl. that; Germ, dass; the Ormul. and Scot. at, see the quotations sub voce in Jamieson; in all South-Teutonic idioms with an initial dental: the Scandinavian idioms form an exception, having all dropped this consonant; Swed. åt, Dan. at]. In Icel. the Bible translation (of the 16th century) was chiefly based upon that of Luther; the hymns and the great bulk of theol. translations of that time were also derived from Germany; therefore the germanised form það frequently appears in the Bible, and was often employed by theol. authors in sermons since the time of the Reformation. Jón Vidalin, the greatest modern Icel. preacher, who died in 1720, in spite of his thoroughly classical style, abounds in the use of this form; but it never took root in the language, and has never passed into the spoken dialect. After a relative or demonstr. pronoun, it freq. in mod. writers assumes the form eð, hver eð, hverir eð, hvað eð, þar eð. Before the prep. þú (tu), þ changes into t, and is spelt in a single word attú, which is freq. in some MS.;—now, however, pronounced aððú, aððeir, aððið …, = að þú…, with the soft Engl. th sound. It gener. answers to Lat. ut, or to the relat. pron. qui.

I. that, relative to svá, to denote proportion, degree, so…, that, Lat. tam, tantus, tot…, ut; svá mikill lagamaðr, at…, so great a lawyer, that…, Nj. 1; hárið svá mikit, at þat…, 2; svá kom um síðir því máli, at Sigvaldi, it came so far, that…, Fms. xi. 95, Edda 33. Rarely and unclass., ellipt. without svá; Bæringr var til seinn eptir honum, at hann … (= svá at), Bær. 15; hlífði honum, at hann sakaði ekki, Fas. iii. 441.

II. it is used,

1. with indic, in a narrative sense, answering partly to Gr. οτι, Lat. quod, ut, in such phrases as, it came to pass, happened that …; þat var einhverju sinni, at Höskuldr hafði vinaboð, Nj. 2; þat var á palmdrottinsdag, at Ólafr konungr gékk út um stræti, Fms. ii. 244.

2. with subj. answering to Lat. acc. with infin., to mark the relation of an object to the chief verb, e. g. vilda ek at þú réðist, I wished that you would, Nj. 57.

β. or in an oblique sentence, answering to ita ut…; ef svá kann verða at þeir láti…, if it may be so that they might…, Fms. xi. 94.

γ. with a subj. denoting design, answering to ϊνα or Lat. ut with subj., in order that; at öll veraldar bygðin viti, ut sciat totus orbis, Stj.; þeir skáru fyrir þá melinn, at þeir dæi eigi af sulti, ut ne fame perirent, Nj. 265; fyrsti hlutr bókarinnar er Kristindómsbálkr, at menn skili, in order that men may understand, Gþl. p. viii.

III. used in connection with conjunctions,

1. esp. þó, því, svá; þó at freq. contr. þótt; svát is rare and obsolete.

α. þóat, þótt (North. E. ‘thof’), followed by a subjunctive, though, although, Lat. etsi, quamquam (very freq.); þóat nokkurum mönnum sýnist þetta með freku sett… þá viljum vér, Fms. vi. 21: phrases as, gef þú mér þó at úverðugri, etsi indignae (dat.), Stj. MS. col. 315, are unclass., and influenced by the Latin: sometimes ellipt. without ‘þó,’ eigi mundi hón þá meir hvata göngu sinni, at (= þóat) hon hraeddist bana sinn, Edda 7, Nj. 64: ‘þó’ and ‘at’ separated, svarar hann þó rétt, at hann svari svá, Grág. i. 23; þó er rétt at nýta, at hann sé fyrr skorinn, answering to Engl. yet—though, Lat. attamen —etsi, K. Þ. K.

β. því at, because, Lat. nam, quia, with indic.; því at allir vóru gerfiligir synir hans, Ld. 68; því at af íþróttum verðr maðr fróðr, Sks. 16: separated, því þegi ek, at ek undrumst, Fms. iii. 201; því er þessa getið, at þat þótti, it i s mentioned because …, Ld. 68.

γ. svá at, so that, Lat. ut, ita ut; grátrinn kom upp, svá at eingi mátti öðrum segja, Edda 37: separated, so … that, svá úsvúst at …, so bad weather, that, Bs. i. 339, etc.

2. it is freq. used superfluously, esp. after relatives; hver at = hverr, quis; því at = því, igitur; hverr at þekkr ok þægiligr mun verða, Fms. v. 159; hvern stvrk at hann mundi fá, 44; ek undrumst hvé mikil ógnarraust at liggr í þér, iii. 201; því at ek mátti eigi þar vera elligar, því at þar var kristni vel haldin, Fas. i. 340.

IV. as a relat. conj.:

1. temp, when, Lat. quum; jafnan er ( est) mér þá verra er ( quum) ek fer á braut þaðan, en þá at ( quum) ek kem, Grett. 150 A; þar til at vér vitum, till we know, Fms. v. 52; þá at ek lýsta (= þá er), when, Nj. 233.

2. since, because; ek færi yðr (hann), at þér eruð í einum hrepp allir, because of your being all of the same Rape, Grág. i. 260; eigi er kynlegt at ( though) Skarphéðinn sé hraustr, at þat er mælt at…, because (since) it is a saying that…, Nj. 64.

V. in mod. writers it is also freq. superfluously joined to the conjunctions, ef að = ef, si, (Lv. 45 is from a paper MS.), meðan að = meðan, dum; nema að, nisi; fyrst að = fyrst, quoniam; eptir að, síðan að, postquam; hvárt að = hvárt, Lat. an. In the law we find passages such as, þá er um er dæmt eina sök, at þá eigu þeir aptr at ganga í dóminn, Grág. i. 79; ef þing ber á hina helgu viku, at þat á eigi fyrir þeim málum at standa, 106; þat er ok, at þeir skulu reifa mál manna, 64; at þeir skulu með váttorð þá sök sækja, 65: in all these cases ‘at’ is either superfluous or, which is more likely, of an ellipt. nature, ‘the law decrees’ or ‘it is decreed’ being understood. The passages Sks. 551, 552, 568, 718 B, at lokit (= at ek hefi lokit), at hugleitt (= at ek hefi h.), at sent (= at ek hefi sent) are quite exceptional.

4.

and að, an indecl. relat. pronoun [Ulf. þatei = ος, ος αν, οστις, οσπερ, οιος, etc.; Engl. that, Ormul. at], with the initial letter dropped, as in the conj. at, (cp. also the Old Engl. at, which is both a conj. and a pronoun, e. g. Barbour vi. 24 in Jamieson: ‘I drede that his gret wassalage, | And his travail may bring till end, | That at men quhilc full litil wend.’ | ‘His mestyr speryt quhat tithings a t he saw.’—Wyntoun v. 3. 89.) In Icel. ‘er’ (the relat. pronoun) and ‘at’ are used indifferently, so that where one MS. reads ‘er,’ another reads ‘at,’ and vice versâ; this may easily be seen by looking at the MSS.; yet as a rule ‘er’ is much more freq. used. In mod. writers ‘at’ is freq. turned into ‘eð,’ esp. as a superfluous particle after the relative pron. hverr (hver eð, hvað eð, hverir eð, etc.), or the demonstr. sá (sá eð, þeir eð, hinir eð, etc.):—who, which, that, enn bezta grip at ( which) hafði til Íslands komið, Ld. 202; en engi mun sá at ( cui) minnisamara mun vera, 242; sem blótnaut at ( quae) stærst verða, Fms. iii. 214; þau tiðendi, at mér þætti verri, Nj. 64, etc. etc.

5.

n. collision (poët.); odda at, crossing of spears, crash of spears, Höfuðl. 8.

β. a fight or bait of wild animals, esp. of horses, v. hesta-at and etja.

6.

the negative verbal suffix, v. -a.

Íslensk-ensk orðabók > AT
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17 сопротивление

( среды) drag, impedance, impact resistance, resistance

* * *
сопротивле́ние с.
1. ( свойство) resistance; opposition

ока́зывать сопротивле́ние — offer resistance [opposition] to …

2. ( резистор) resistor

акти́вное сопротивле́ние эл. — resistance

акусти́ческое сопротивле́ние — acoustic resistance

аэродинами́ческое сопротивле́ние — aerodynamic [air] drag, air resistance, resistance to air-flow

балансиро́вочное сопротивле́ние аргд. — trim drag

балла́стное сопротивле́ние

1. ballast resistance

2. ballast resistor

блокиро́вочное сопротивле́ние рад.-эл. — by-pass resistor

брызгово́е сопротивле́ние — spray resistance, spray drag

сопротивле́ние ве́нтильного про́вода ( криотрона) — gate resistance

вихрево́е сопротивле́ние аргд. — vortex drag, vortex resistance

сопротивле́ние возде́йствию хими́ческих реаге́нтов — resistance to attack by chemicals

сопротивле́ние во́здуха аргд. — air drag, air resistance, resistance to airflow

волново́е сопротивле́ние

1. мех. wave resistance, wave drag

2. эл., свз. characteristic [wave] impedance

3. аргд. shockwave drag

вре́менное сопротивле́ние сопр. — ultimate strength

входно́е сопротивле́ние — input resistance

сопротивле́ние в цепи́ возбужде́ния — field resistance

сопротивле́ние в цепи́ като́да

1. cathode resistance

2. cathode resistor

сопротивле́ние в цепи́ се́тки

1. grid resistance

2. grid resistor

сопротивле́ние вы́пуска двс. — exhaust resistance, back pressure of exhaust

выходно́е сопротивле́ние — output resistance

вя́зко(стно)е сопротивле́ние — viscous resistance, viscous drag

гася́щее сопротивле́ние эл.

1. damping resistance

2. (voltage) dropping resistor

гидравли́ческое сопротивле́ние тепл. — pressure [friction] loss

гидродинами́ческое сопротивле́ние — hydrodynamic resistance, hydrodynamic drag

сопротивле́ние го́лого ко́рпуса мор. — bare-hull [naked-hull] resistance

сопротивле́ние давле́ния — pressure resistance, pressure drag

сопротивле́ние движе́нию — tractive resistance

динами́ческое сопротивле́ние ( магнитоуправляемого контакта) — dynamic contact resistance

сопротивле́ние дио́дного дете́ктора вну́треннее ( переменному току — сигналу) — diode conduction [diode slope] resistance

дифференциа́льное сопротивле́ние — incremental resistance

доба́вочное сопротивле́ние ( измерительного прибора)

1. series [multiplier] resistance

2. series resistor

ё́мкостное сопротивле́ние — capacitive reactance, capacitive impedance

сопротивле́ние заземле́ния — earthing resistance

заря́дное сопротивле́ние — charging resistor

сопротивле́ние затво́ра ( полевого транзистора) — gate resistance

сопротивле́ние изги́бу — bending strength, resistance to bending

измери́тельное сопротивле́ние — instrument resistor

сопротивле́ние изно́су — resistance to wear

сопротивле́ние изоля́ции — insulation resistance

и́мпульсное сопротивле́ние мор. — momentum resistance, momentum drag

индукти́вное сопротивле́ние

1. эл. ( полное) inductive impedance; ( реактивное) inductive reactance

2. аргд. drag due to [from] lift, induced [lift] drag

индукти́вное сопротивле́ние рассе́яния эл. — leakage inductive reactance

сопротивле́ние истира́нию — attrition [scuff, abrasion] resistance

сопротивле́ние исто́ка ( полевого транзистора) — source resistance

сопротивле́ние исто́чника, вну́треннее — ( активное) source resistance; ( полное) source impedance

сопротивле́ние кана́ла ( полевого транзистора) — channel resistance

сопротивле́ние колле́ктора ( транзистора) — collector resistance

ко́мплексное сопротивле́ние — complex impedance, (vector) impedance

конта́ктное сопротивле́ние — contact resistance

сопротивле́ние коро́ткого замыка́ния — short-circuit impedance

сопротивле́ние корро́зии — corrosion resistance, resistance to corrosion

сопротивле́ние котлоагрега́та, аэродинами́ческое — draught loss

сопротивле́ние котлоагрега́та, га́зовое — draught loss

сопротивле́ние котлоагрега́та, про́фильное — profile drag, profile loss

сопротивле́ние ла́мпы переме́нному то́ку, вну́треннее — брит. anode slope resistance; амер. dynamic plate resistance

сопротивле́ние ла́мпы постоя́нному то́ку, вну́треннее — (internal) d.c. resistance

сопротивле́ние круче́нию — torsional rigidity, torsional strength

лобово́е сопротивле́ние аргд. — drag, head [frontal] resistance

магни́тное сопротивле́ние — reluctance, magnetic resistance

магни́тное, уде́льное сопротивле́ние — specific reluctance, reluctivity

сопротивле́ние материа́лов — strength of materials

сопротивле́ние на высо́ких часто́тах — high-frequency resistance

сопротивле́ние нагру́зки — load impedance

нагру́зочное сопротивле́ние — load resistor

сопротивле́ние насыще́ния — saturation resistance

нача́льное сопротивле́ние ( тензорезистора) — initial gauge resistance

нелине́йное сопротивле́ние — ( активное) non-linear resistance; ( полное) non-linear impedance

обра́тное сопротивле́ние — back resistance

объё́мное сопротивле́ние — cubic [volume] resistance

оми́ческое сопротивле́ние — ohmic [d.c.] resistance

оста́точное сопротивле́ние мор. — residuary resistance, residuary drag

отрица́тельное сопротивле́ние — negative resistance

отса́сывающее сопротивле́ние — bleeder resistor

сопротивле́ние отсла́иванию — resistance to peeling, resistance to separation

паралле́льное сопротивле́ние — shunt resistance

переме́нное сопротивле́ние — variable resistance

сопротивле́ние переме́нному то́ку — alternating current [a.c.] resistance

сопротивле́ние перехо́да полупр. — junction resistance

перехо́дное сопротивле́ние — contact resistance

сопротивле́ние пове́рхностного тре́ния — skin (friction) resistance

пове́рхностное сопротивле́ние — surface resistance

сопротивле́ние ползу́чести — creep resistance

по́лное сопротивле́ние

1. эл. impedance

по́лное сопротивле́ние це́пи име́ет ё́мкостный хара́ктер — the circuit exhibits a capacitive impedance; the impedance of the circuit is capacitive in its effect

согласо́вывать по́лное сопротивле́ние — match impedance

2. мор. total resistance, total drag

по́лное, вноси́мое сопротивле́ние (эффект активной нагрузки на сопротивление первичной цепи трансформатора, связанных контуров) — брит. coupled impedance; амер. reflected impedance

по́лное сопротивле́ние в опера́торной фо́рме — operational impedance

по́лное, входно́е сопротивле́ние — input impedance; ( в измерительных приборах) input impedance, input RC

по́лное, выходно́е сопротивле́ние — output impedance

по́лное сопротивле́ние на входны́х зажи́мах ( четырёхполюсника) — driving-point impedance

по́лное, переда́точное сопротивле́ние ( четырёхполюсника) — transfer impedance

по́лное, переда́точное обра́тное сопротивле́ние — reverse transfer impedance

по́лное, переда́точное прямо́е сопротивле́ние — forward transfer impedance

по́лное, согласо́ванное сопротивле́ние — matched impedance

по́лное сопротивле́ние холосто́го хо́да ( в теории цепей) — open-circuit impedance

постоя́нное сопротивле́ние

1. fixed resistance

2. fixed resistor

сопротивле́ние постоя́нному то́ку — direct-current [d.c.] resistance

сопротивле́ние по́чвы — soil reaction

сопротивле́ние, приведё́нное (к перви́чной це́пи) — ( активное) resistance referred to (the primary side); ( полное) impedance referred to (the primary side)

про́волочное сопротивле́ние — wire-wound resistor

сопротивле́ние продо́льному изги́бу — resistance to lateral bending, buckling resistance

пусково́е сопротивле́ние — starting resistor

развя́зывающее сопротивле́ние свз. — decoupling resistor

сопротивле́ние разда́вливанию сопр. — crushing strength

сопротивле́ние разры́ву — rupture [breaking] strength

разря́дное сопротивле́ние

1. discharge resistance

2. discharging resistor

распределё́нное сопротивле́ние — distributed resistance

сопротивле́ние растяже́нию — tensile strength

реакти́вное сопротивле́ние — reactance, reactive impedance

регулиро́вочное сопротивле́ние — adjusting resistance

регули́руемое сопротивле́ние — adjustable resistor

резона́нсное сопротивле́ние ( пьезоэлектрического резонатора) — resonance resistance

сопротивле́ние светово́му старе́нию — light-ageing resistance

сопротивле́ние свя́зи — coupling impedance

сопротивле́ние сдви́гу — shear(ing) strength

сопротивле́ние сдви́гу армату́ры в бето́не — bond resistance

сопротивле́ние се́тки, антипарази́тное радио — grid suppressor

се́точное сопротивле́ние — grid resistor

сопротивле́ние сжа́тию — compressive [compression] strength, resistance to compression

сопротивле́ние ска́лыванию — cleavage strength

сопротивле́ние скольже́нию — slip resistance

сло́жное сопротивле́ние сопр. — resistance to combined stress

сопротивле́ние смеще́ния рад.-эл. — bias resistor

сосредото́ченное сопротивле́ние — lumped resistance

составно́е сопротивле́ние — composite resistor

сопротивле́ние сре́зу — shear(ing) strength

сопротивле́ние сре́зу, вре́менное — ultimate shear(ing) strength

сопротивле́ние сто́ка ( полевого транзистора) — drain resistance

сопротивле́ние те́ла аргд. — body drag

темново́е сопротивле́ние — dark resistance

температу́рно-зави́симое сопротивле́ние — temperature-dependent resistor

теплово́е сопротивле́ние — thermal [heat] resistance

терми́ческое сопротивле́ние — thermal [heat] resistance

термометри́ческое сопротивле́ние — thermometer resistor

сопротивле́ние тре́нию — friction resistance

тя́говое сопротивле́ние — draught resistance

сопротивле́ние уда́ру — impact resistance, shock strength

уде́льное сопротивле́ние — resistivity, specific resistance

уде́льное, объё́мное сопротивле́ние — volume resistivity

уде́льное, пове́рхностное сопротивле́ние — surface resistivity

управля́емое цифрово́е сопротивле́ние — gated resistance network

сопротивле́ние уста́лости — fatigue resistance, endurance strength

устано́вочное сопротивле́ние ( в компенсаторах) эл. — standardizing resistor

сопротивле́ние уте́чки

1. leak(age) resistance

2. bleeder (resistor)

сопротивле́ние фо́рмы мор. — form resistance, form drag

характеристи́ческое сопротивле́ние — characteristic impedance

сопротивле́ние шерохова́тости мор. — roughness resistance, roughness drag

шунти́рующее сопротивле́ние ( линейного потенциометра) — padding resistor

эквивале́нтное сопротивле́ние — equivalent resistance

эквивале́нтное, шумово́е сопротивле́ние — equivalent noise resistance

электри́ческое сопротивле́ние — electric(al) resistance

этало́нное сопротивле́ние — standard resistance

Русско-английский политехнический словарь > сопротивление
18 воздушная линия электропередачи
1. overhead power transmission line
2. overhead power line
3. overhead network
4. overhead line
5. aerial power line
воздушная линия электропередачи
ВЛ
Линия электропередачи, провода которой поддерживаются над землей с помощью опор, изоляторов.
[ ГОСТ 24291-90]

воздушная линия электропередачи
Устройство для передачи электроэнергии по проводам, расположенным на открытом воздухе и прикрепленным с помощью изоляторов и арматуры к опорам или кронштейнам и стойкам на инженерных сооружениях (мостах, путепроводах и т. п.). За начало и конец воздушной линии электропередачи принимаются линейные порталы или линейные вводы распределительного устройства (далее - РУ), а для ответвлений - ответвительная опора и линейный портал или линейный ввод РУ.
[Правила технической эксплуатации электроустановок потребителей. Министерство энергетики РФ. 2003 г.]

линия электропередачи воздушная
Линия электропередачи, расположенная на открытом воздухе, провод которой прикреплён к опорам при помощи изоляторов и арматуры
[Терминологический словарь по строительству на 12 языках (ВНИИИС Госстроя СССР)]

воздушная линия электропередачи
Устройство для передачи электроэнергии по проводам, расположенным на открытом воздухе и прикрепленным с помощью изоляторов и арматуры к опорам или кронштейнам и стойкам на инженерных сооружениях (мостах, путепроводах и т.п.). За начало и конец воздушной линии электропередачи принимаются линейные порталы или линейные вводы РУ, а для ответвлений - ответвительная опора и линейный портал или линейный ввод РУ.
[ПОТ Р М-016-2001]
[РД 153-34.0-03.150-00]

воздушные линии электропередачи
ВЛ
ВЛЭП
Конструкции для передачи электроэнергии на расстояние по проводам. Основными конструктивными элементами ВЛ являются провода, тросы, опоры, изоляторы и линейная арматура. Провода служат для передачи электроэнергии. В верхней части опор над проводами для защиты ВЛ от грозовых перенапряжений монтируют грозозащитные тросы. Опоры поддерживают провода и тросы на определенной высоте над уровнем земли или воды. Изоляторы изолируют провода от опоры. С помощью линейной арматуры провода закрепляются на изоляторах, а изоляторы на опорах. В некоторых случаях провода ВЛ с помощью изоляторов и линейной арматуры прикрепляются к кронштейнам инженерных сооружений.
[ http://www.energo-konsultant.ru/termini]

воздушная линия
-
[IEV number 151-12-33]

EN

overhead line
line with one or more conductors or a cable supported above ground by appropriate means
NOTE 1 – An overhead line may consist of only one conductor when the circuit is closed by the Earth.
NOTE 2 – An overhead line may be constructed with bare conductors, generally supported by insulators, or with insulated conductors.
NOTE 3 – The concept of overhead line generally includes the supporting elements.
Source: 466-01-02 MOD, 601-03-04 MOD
[IEV number 151-12-33]

overhead power line
Suspended cables by which electrical power is distributed throughout a country. (Source: UVAROVa)
[ http://www.eionet.europa.eu/gemet/alphabetic?langcode=en]

FR

ligne aérienne, f
ligne comportant un ou plusieurs conducteurs ou un câble maintenus au-dessus du sol par des supports appropriés
NOTE 1 – Une ligne aérienne peut être formée d’un seul conducteur lorsque le circuit est fermé par la Terre.
NOTE 2 – Une ligne aérienne peut être constituée de conducteurs nus, généralement maintenus au moyen d’isolateurs, ou de conducteurs avec isolation.
NOTE 3 – Le concept de ligne aérienne inclut généralement les supports.
Source: 466-01-02 MOD, 601-03-04 MOD
[IEV number 151-12-33]

В сельской местности, в малых городах и поселках потребители получают питание в основном по воздушным ЛЭП.
[Макаров Е.Ф. Справочник по электрическим сетям 0,4-35 кВ и 110-1150 кВ]

Тематики
- электроснабжение в целом
Синонимы
EN
DE
FR
51 воздушная линия электропередачи; ВЛ

Линия электропередачи, провода которой поддерживаются над землей с помощью опор, изоляторов

601-03-04

de Freileitung

en overhead line

fr ligne aérienne

Источник: ГОСТ 24291-90: Электрическая часть электростанции и электрической сети. Термины и определения оригинал документа

35. Воздушная линия электропередачи

ВЛ

E. Overhead line

F. Ligne aérienne

Источник: ГОСТ 19431-84: Энергетика и электрификация. Термины и определения оригинал документа
Русско-английский словарь нормативно-технической терминологии > воздушная линия электропередачи
19 प्रकृतिः _prakṛtiḥ

प्रकृतिः f.

1 The natural condition or state of any- thing, nature, natural form (opp. विकृति which is a change or effect); तं तं नियममास्थाय प्रकृत्या नियताः स्वया Bg. 7.2. प्रकृत्या यद्वक्रम् Ś1.9; उष्णत्वमग्न्यातपसंप्रयोगात् शैत्यं हि यत् सा प्रकृतिर्जलस्य R.5.54; मरणं प्रकृतिः शरीरिणां विकृति- र्जीवितमुच्यते बुधैः R.8.87; U.7.19; अपेहि रे अत्रभवान् प्रकृतिमापन्नः Ś.2. 'has resumed his wonted nature'; प्रकृतिम् आपद् or प्रतिपद् or प्रकृतौ स्था 'to come to one's senses', 'regain one's consciousness.'

-2 Natural disposition, temper, temperament, nature, constitution; प्रकृतिः खलु सा महीयसः सहते नान्यसमुन्नतिं यया Ki.2.21; कथं गत एव आत्मनः प्रकृतिम् Ś.7. 'natural character'; अपश्यत् पाण्डवश्रेष्ठो हर्षेण प्रकृतिं गतः Mb.39.66 (com. प्रकृतिं स्वास्थ्यम्); so प्रकृतिकृपण, प्रकृतिसिद्ध; see below.

-3 Make, form, figure; महानुभावप्रकृतिः Māl.1.

-4 Extrac- tion, descent; गोपालप्रकृतिरार्यको$स्मि Mk.7.

-5 Origin, source, original or material cause, the material of which anything is made; नार्थानां प्रकृतिं वेत्सि Mb.4.49.1; प्रकृतिश्चोपादानकारणं च ब्रह्माभ्युपगन्तव्यम् Ś. B. (see the full discussion on Br. Sūt.1.4.23); यामाहुः सर्वभूतप्रकृतिरिति Ś.1.1; Bhāg.4.28.24.

-6 (In Sāṅ. phil.) Nature (as distinguished from पुरुष,) the original source of the material world, consisting of the three essential quali- ties सत्त्व, रजस् and तमस्. It is also mentioned as one of the four contentments; प्रकृत्युपादानकालभागाख्याः Sāṅ. K.5.

-7 (In gram.) The radical or crude form of a word to which case-terminations and other affixes are applied; प्रकृतिप्रत्यययोरिवानुबन्धः Ki.13.19.

-8 A model, pattern, standard, (especially in ritualistic works); Bhāg.5.7.5.

-9 A woman.

-1 The personified will of the Supreme Spirit in the creation (identified with माया or illusion); मयाध्यक्षेण प्रकृतिः सूयते सचराचरम् Bg.9.1.

-11 The male or female organ of generation.

-12 A mother.

-13 (In arith.) A coefficient, or multiplier.

-14 (In ana- tomy) Temperament of the humours; प्रकृतिं यान्ति भूतानि निग्रहः किं करिष्यति Bg.3.33.

-15 An animal.

-16 An artisan.

-17 The Supreme Being; न ह्यस्ति सर्वभूतेषु दुःख- मस्मिन् कुतः सुखम् । एवं प्रकृतिभूतानां सर्वसंसर्गयायिनाम् ॥ Mb.12. 152.16.

-18 Eight forms of the Supreme Being; भूमि- रापो$नलो वायुः खं मनो बुद्धिरेव च । अहंकार इतीयं मे भिन्ना प्रकृति- रष्टधा ॥ Bg.7.4.

-19 The way of life (जीवन); सतां वै ददतो$न्नं च लोके$स्मिन् प्रकृतिर्ध्रुवा Mb.12.18.27. (pl.)

1 A king's ministers, the body of ministers or counsellors, ministry; अथानाथाः प्रकृतयो मातृबन्धुनिवासिनम् R.12.12; Pt.1.48; अशुद्धप्रकृतौ राज्ञि जनता नानुरज्यते 31.

-2 The subjects (of a king); प्रवर्ततां प्रकृतिहिताय पार्थिवः Ś.7.35; नृपतिः प्रकृतीरवेक्षितुम् R.8.18,1.

-3 The constituent ele- ments of the state (सप्ताङ्गानि), i. e. 1 the king; -2 the minister; -3 the allies; -4 treasure; -5 army; -6 ter- ritory; -7 fortresses &c.; and the corporations of citi- zens (which is sometimes added to the 7); स्वाम्यमात्य- सुहृत्कोशराष्ट्रदुर्गबलानि च Ak.

-4 The various sovereigns to be considered in case of war; (for full explana- tion see Kull. on Ms.7.155 and 157).

-5 The eight primary elements out of which everything else is evolved according to the Sāṅkhyas; see Sāṅ. K.3.

-6 The five primary elements of creations (पञ्चमहाभूतानि) i. e. पृथ्वी, अप्, तेजस्, वायु and आकाश; प्रकृतिं ते भजिष्यन्ति नष्टप्रकृतयो मयि Mb.5.73.17.

-Comp. -अमित्रः an ordinary foe; प्रकृत्यमित्रानुत्थाप्य Dk.2.4.

-ईशः a king or magistrate.

-कल्याण a. beautiful by nature.

-कृपण a. naturally slow or unable to discern; Me.5.

-गुणः one of the three constituent qualities of nature; see गुण.

-ज a. innate, inborn, natural.

- तरल a. fickle by nature, naturally inconsistent; प्रकृतितरले का नः पीडा गते हतजीविते Amaru.3.

-पाठः a list of verbal roots (धातुपाठ).

-पुरुषः a minister, a functionary (of the state); जानामि त्वां प्रकृतिपुरुषं कामरूपं मघोनः Me.6.

-2 a standard or model of a man.

-षौ nature and spirit.

-भाव a. natural, usual. (

-वः) natural or original state.

-भोजनम् usual food.

-मण्डलम् the whole ter- ritory of kingdom; अधिगतं विधिवद्यदपालयत् प्रकृतिमण्डलमात्म- कुलोचितम् R.9.2.

-लयः absorption into the Prakṛiti, dissolution of the universe.

-विकृतिः mutation of the original form.

-श्रैष्ठ्यम् superiority of origin; Ms. 1.3.

-सिद्ध a. inborn, innate, natural; सुजनबन्धुजने- ष्वसहिष्णुता प्रकृतिसिद्धमिदं हि दुरात्मनाम् Bh.2.52.

-सुभग a. naturally lovely or agreeable.

-स्थ a.

1 being in the natural state or condition, natural, genuine; दृष्ट्वा चाप्रकृतिस्थां ताम् Rām.7.58.17.

-2 inherent, innate, incidental to nature; रघुरप्यजयद् गुणत्रयं प्रकृतिस्थं समलोष्ट- काञ्चनः R.8.21.

-3 healthy, in good health.

-4 recovered.

-5 come to oneself.

-6 stripped of every- thing, bare.

Sanskrit-English dictionary > प्रकृतिः _prakṛtiḥ
20 сопротивление

1) resistance

2) <electr.> resistor
3) <engin.> strength
– балансировочное сопротивление
– балластное сопротивление
– блокировочное сопротивление
– брызговое сопротивление
– вихревое сопротивление
– волновое сопротивление
– входное сопротивление
– выходное сопротивление
– вязкое сопротивление
– гасящее сопротивление
– дифференциальное сопротивление
– добавочное сопротивление
– емкостное сопротивление
– измерительное сопротивление
– импульсное сопротивление
– индуктивное сопротивление
– комплексное сопротивление
– контактное сопротивление
– лобовое сопротивление
– магнитное сопротивление
– нагрузочное сопротивление
– начальное сопротивление
– нелинейное сопротивление
– обратное сопротивление
– объемное сопротивление
– оказывать сопротивление
– омическое сопротивление
– остаточное сопротивление
– параллельное сопротивление
– переменное сопротивление
– поверхностное сопротивление
– полное сопротивление
– постоянное сопротивление
– проволочное сопротивление
– профильное сопротивление
– пусковое сопротивление
– развязывающее сопротивление
– разрядное сопротивление
– распределенное сопротивление
– реактивное сопротивление
– регулировочное сопротивление
– регулируемое сопротивление
– резонансное сопротивление
– сложное сопротивление
– сопротивление активное
– сопротивление антенны
– сопротивление антипаразитное
– сопротивление балластное
– сопротивление в оба конца
– сопротивление векторное
– сопротивление вносимое
– сопротивление внутренее
– сопротивление воздуха
– сопротивление волновое
– сопротивление выпуска
– сопротивление гасящее
– сопротивление давления
– сопротивление движению
– сопротивление динамическое
– сопротивление добавочное
– сопротивление донное
– сопротивление емкостное
– сопротивление заземления
– сопротивление зарядное
– сопротивление изгибу
– сопротивление изменяющееся
– сопротивление изоляции
– сопротивление индуктивное
– сопротивление истиранию
– сопротивление истока
– сопротивление кажущееся
– сопротивление канала
– сопротивление катушечное
– сопротивление колебательное
– сопротивление коллектора
– сопротивление комплексное
– сопротивление композиционное
– сопротивление коррозии
– сопротивление кратер-анода
– сопротивление ленточное
– сопротивление материалов
– сопротивление межслойное
– сопротивление нагрузки
– сопротивление насыщения
– сопротивление неметаллическое
– сопротивление непроволочное
– сопротивление омическое
– сопротивление отводящее
– сопротивление отслаиванию
– сопротивление перехода
– сопротивление поглотительное
– сопротивление подобранное
– сопротивление ползучести
– сопротивление полное
– сопротивление постоянное
– сопротивление почвы
– сопротивление развязывающее
– сопротивление связи
– сопротивление сдвигу
– сопротивление секционированное
– сопротивление сжатию
– сопротивление скольжению
– сопротивление смещения
– сопротивление сопряженное
– сопротивление стока
– сопротивление тела
– сопротивление трению
– сопротивление удару
– сопротивление усталости
– сопротивление утечки
– сопротивление формы
– сопротивление шероховатости
– сосредоточенное сопротивление
– составное сопротивление
– темновое сопротивление
– тепловое сопротивление
– тяговое сопротивление
– удельное сопротивление
– установочное сопротивление
– шунтирующее сопротивление
– эталонное сопротивление

вносимое полное сопротивление — reflected impedance

внутреннее сопротивление источника — source impedance

временное сопротивление срезу — ultimate shear strength

входное полное сопротивление — input impedance

входное сопротивление антенны — antenna feed-impedance

выходное полное сопротивление — output impedance

общее активное сопротивление — total resistance

объемное удельное сопротивление — volume resistivity

передаточное полное сопротивление — transfer impedance

полное сопротивление в операторной — operational impedance

согласованное полное сопротивление — matched impedance

согласующее реактивное сопротивление — matching reactance

сопротивление активное акустическое — <acoust.> acoustic resistance

сопротивление в цепи возбуждения — field resistance

сопротивление в цепи катода — cathode resistance

сопротивление в цепи сетки — <tech.> grid leak, grid resistance

сопротивление вентильного провода — gate resistance

сопротивление голого корпуса — bare-hull resistance

сопротивление диодного детектора — diode conduction resistance

сопротивление короткого замыкания — short-circuit resistance

сопротивление лампы внутренее — <electr.> anode resistance, plate resistance

сопротивление линии волновое — < radio> characteristic impedance, line characteristic

сопротивление лобовое аэродинамическое — <phys.> aerodynamic drag

сопротивление на высоких частотах — high-frequency resistance

сопротивление нагрузочное стабилизирующее — <tech.> bleeder

сопротивление переменному току — alternating-current resistance

сопротивление полное вносимое — <electr.> coupled impedance

сопротивление постояннному току — direct-current resistance

сопротивление продольному изгибу — resistance to lateral bending

сопротивление рассеяния реактивное — <tech.> leakage reactance

сопротивление световому старению — light-ageing resistance

сопротивление удельное кажущее — <electr.> apparent resistivity

сопротивление удельное поверхностное — <electr.> surface resistivity

удельное магнитное сопротивление — specific reluctance

управляемое цифровое сопротивление — gated resistance network

Русско-английский технический словарь > сопротивление

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