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balloon+crew

  • 1 Piccard, Auguste

    SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace
    [br]
    b. 28 January 1884 Basel, Switzerland
    d. 24 March 1962 Lausanne, Switzerland
    [br]
    Swiss physicist who developed balloons to explore the upper atmosphere.
    [br]
    Auguste Piccard and his twin brother, Jean-Félix, studied together in Zurich and qualified as a physicist and a chemist, respectively. In 1913 they made a sixteen-hour balloon flight together, and in 1915 they joined the balloon section of the Swiss Army. Auguste moved to Brussels as Professor of Applied Physics in 1922 and he carried out research into cosmic radiation. He realized that he needed to ascend into the rarefied air of the stratosphere in order to study these cosmic rays. His target was 16,000 m (52,500 ft), but no one had ever ventured to this height before.
    Not surprisingly, Auguste Piccard turned to a balloon for his experiments, and during 1930 he designed a hydrogen balloon with a spherical gondola to house the crew. This gondola was sealed and pressurized with air, just as a modern airliner has a pressurized cabin. With Belgian finance, Piccard was able to build his balloon, and on 27 May 1931 he and his colleague Paul Kipfer reached a height of 15,781 m (51,775 ft). Although this was a world record and created great public interest, Piccard was a scientist rather than a record breaker, and as he needed further information he prepared for another ascent. His new gondola was equipped with radio and improved scientific equipment. On 18 August 1932 it ascended from Zurich and reached a height of 16,201 m (53,152 ft).
    Jean-Félix was also interested in high-altitude balloon flights and in 1934, together with his wife, he ascended through a clouded sky and reached 17,550m (57,579ft). Jean- Félix also tested a gondola lifted by ninety-eight small balloons, and he developed frost-resistant windows. Other balloonists followed with record-breaking high-altitude flights, but Auguste Piccard, aided by his son Jacques, turned his attention to exploration of the depths of the ocean.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1950, Between Earth and Sky, London. 1956, In Balloon and Bathyscaph, London.
    Further Reading
    D.H.de Vorkin, 1990, Race to the Stratosphere, Berlin (the first chapters describe the work of the Piccard twins).
    Pierre de Latil and Jean Rivoire, 1962, Le Professeur Auguste Piccard, France.
    JDS

    Biographical history of technology > Piccard, Auguste

  • 2 personal

    adj.
    personal.
    una opinión/pregunta personal a personal opinion/question
    personal e intransferible non-transferable
    f.
    personal foul.
    m.
    staff, personnel (trabajadores).
    personal docente teaching staff
    personal mínimo skeleton staff
    personal en plantilla in-house staff
    personal sanitario health workers
    personal de tierra ground crew
    * * *
    1 personal
    1 (de una empresa) personnel, staff
    2 familiar (gente) everyone, everybody
    1 DEPORTE (falta) personal foul
    \
    personal docente teaching staff
    * * *
    1. adj. 2. noun m.
    staff, personnel
    * * *
    1.
    2. SM
    1) (=plantilla) staff, personnel; ( esp Mil) force; (Náut) crew, complement

    personal de tierra — (Aer) ground crew, ground staff

    2) * (=gente) people
    3.
    SF (Baloncesto) personal foul
    * * *
    I
    adjetivo personal
    II
    a) (de fábrica, empresa) personnel (pl), staff (sing or pl)
    b) (Esp fam & hum) ( gente) people
    * * *
    I
    adjetivo personal
    II
    a) (de fábrica, empresa) personnel (pl), staff (sing or pl)
    b) (Esp fam & hum) ( gente) people
    * * *
    personal1
    1 = manpower, manpower force, personnel, staff, staffing, work-force [workforce], crew.

    Ex: The question has been raised as to the manpower required to produce the ever-increasing number of abstracts.

    Ex: This article focusses attention on formulating plans and policy for building up a manpower force for modernising library and information systems India within the next 5 years.
    Ex: Application areas include: personnel records, mailing lists, accident and incident records, clinical and health records, committee minutes and records, and so on.
    Ex: The current LC MARC data base contains both records created by the LC staff and those created by co-operating libraries and verified by the LC.
    Ex: During the discussions it became apparent that the most pressing issues of staffing, resources, procedural complexities and educational opportunities related to IT.
    Ex: Employers of library and information staff have to develop and maintain skills within the workforce.
    Ex: Phillips has 12 installations with a crew of 15-450 men.
    * actitud del personal = staff attitude.
    * administración de personal = personnel administration.
    * ahorro de personal = staff saving.
    * apoyo del personal = staff support.
    * asignar personal = commit + manpower.
    * bien dotado de personal = well-staffed.
    * costes de personal = staff costs.
    * dedicación del personal = staff hours.
    * desarrollo profesional del personal = staff development.
    * dotación de personal = staffing.
    * encargado de personal = personnel officer, welfare officer.
    * evaluación del personal = personnel evaluation.
    * exceso de personal administrativo = administrative bloat.
    * falta de personal = undermanning.
    * falto de personal = understaffed [under-staffed].
    * formación continua del personal = staff development.
    * formación del personal = staff training, professional development.
    * formar personal = produce + personnel.
    * funciones del personal = staff duties.
    * gastos en personal = staff costs.
    * gestión de personal = personnel management.
    * jefe de personal = personnel officer, welfare officer, staff manager.
    * jefe de personal de la biblioteca = library personnel officer.
    * miembro del personal = staff member, staffer.
    * movimiento de personal = staff turnover, turnover, labour turnover.
    * número y distribución de personal = staffing conditions.
    * personal administrativo = administrative staff.
    * personal administrativo de apoyo = clerical staff, clerical worker, clerical personnel.
    * personal auxiliar = clerical staff.
    * personal bibliotecario = library personnel, library staff, library worker.
    * personal civil = civilian staff.
    * personal cualificado = qualified staff, qualified personnel.
    * personal de ambulancia = ambulance crew.
    * personal de apoyo = paraprofessional staff, support staff.
    * personal de apoyo bibliotecario = library support staff.
    * personal de cabina = cabin crew.
    * personal de dirección = senior staff, senior management.
    * personal de la biblioteca = library staff, library worker.
    * personal del mostrador = counter staff.
    * personal del mostrador de préstamo = counter staff.
    * personal de mantenimiento = service worker.
    * personal de proceso de datos = operation staff.
    * personal de recepción = reception staff.
    * personal de referencia = reference staff, reference personnel.
    * personal de secretaría = secretarial staff.
    * personal de seguridad = security staff.
    * personal de servicios = service worker.
    * personal de un centro multimedia escolar = school media staff.
    * personal de vuelo = flight crew.
    * personal equivalente a tiempo completo = full-time equivalent staff (FTE staff).
    * personal joven = new blood.
    * personal más nuevo = junior staff.
    * personal militar = military personnel.
    * personal necesario = staffing levels.
    * personal paraprofesional = paraprofessional staff.
    * personal profesional = professional staff.
    * personal sanitario = clinical staff.
    * personal técnico = technical staff.
    * personal técnico de apoyo = support staff.
    * política de personal = personnel policy, staff policy.
    * puesta al día del personal = staff development.
    * que necesita bastante dedicación de personal = labour-intensive [labour intensive], staff-intensive [staff intensive].
    * razones del movimiento de personal = turnover behaviour.
    * recorte de personal = downsizing, staffing cut.
    * reducción de personal = staff cutbacks, downsizing.
    * registro de personal = personnel record.
    * renovación de personal = turnover, labour turnover.
    * responsable del personal de la biblioteca = library personnel officer.
    * reunión de personal = staff meeting.
    * ritmo de movimiento de personal = turnover rate.
    * sala de estar para el personal = coffee lounge.
    * sala de personal = staff lounge.
    * sección de personal = personnel department, personnel office.
    * selección de personal = personnel recruitment.
    * sólo para personal autorizado = restricted access.
    * tareas del personal = staff duties.
    * tasa de movimiento de personal = turnover rate, turnover rate.
    * turnos del personal = staffing rota.
    * vacante de personal = staff vacancy.

    personal2
    = one-to-one, personal, private, intimate, one-on-one.

    Ex: A few large libraries contain an adult learning centre, which provides training courses for volunteer tutors, one-to-one tutoring or instruction in small groups.

    Ex: Cards will remain useful for small local and personal indexes but other options, in the form of microcomputers and their software are beginning to compete in this application.
    Ex: SWALCAP supports a network arrangement of remote terminals and minicomputers linked to the central computer via private lines.
    Ex: Until we feel as librarians that we are an intimate part of society, we will never begin to believe that we really function.
    Ex: The one-on-one training pattern predominates and is effective at this institution where education in the singular is stressed.
    * actitud personal = personal attitude.
    * a favor de la decisión personal sobre el aborto = pro-choice.
    * alarma personal = rape alarm, personal alarm.
    * anuncio personal = personal ad.
    * aprovechamiento personal = personal gain.
    * archivo personal = private archives, personal archive(s), personal records.
    * armadura personal = body armour.
    * artículo personal = personal item.
    * asunto personal = personal issue.
    * atención personal = personal attention.
    * atención personal al cliente = personal selling.
    * a título personal = in a personal capacity, in a private capacity.
    * atracción personal = personal attraction.
    * autoría personal = personal authorship.
    * autor personal = personal author.
    * autor personal único = single personal authorship.
    * beneficio personal = personal gain.
    * biblioteca personal = personal library.
    * bienes personales = personal property.
    * blindaje personal = body armour.
    * característica personal = personality trait, personality characteristic.
    * carta personal = personal letter.
    * cheque personal = personal cheque.
    * comentario personal = personal note.
    * comentario personal de una lectura = reading-reportage.
    * compromiso personal = personal engagement, personal investment.
    * contacto personal = personal contact, public contact.
    * contratación de personal cualificado de otras empresas = lateral hiring.
    * convicción personal = personal conviction.
    * cualidades personales = personal qualities.
    * cuestión personal = personal issue, life issue.
    * datos personales = personal details.
    * dinero para gastos personales = pocket change, pocket money.
    * documentos personales = personal papers.
    * economía personal = personal finance.
    * efectos personales = personal belongings.
    * ego personal = personal ego.
    * encabezamiento de nombre personal = personal name heading.
    * enriquecimiento personal = personal enrichment.
    * entrada de nombre personal = personal name entry.
    * entrevista personal = personal interview.
    * espacio personal = personal space, territorial space, personal space territory.
    * estilo personal = persona [personae, -pl.].
    * expediente personal = personal records.
    * experiencia personal = personal experience.
    * gestión de archivos personales = personal archives management, personal records management.
    * gusto personal = personal taste, personal preference.
    * hábito personal = personal habit.
    * hacer uso personal = make + personal use.
    * higiene personal = personal hygiene.
    * historia personal = personal history.
    * índice de rendimiento personal = individual performance index.
    * información personal = personal information.
    * interés personal = vested interest, personal interest.
    * interpersonal = person-to-person.
    * intimidad personal = personal privacy.
    * invasión del espacio personal = invasion of space.
    * libertad personal = personal freedom.
    * logro personal = a feather in + Posesivo + cap, personal achievement.
    * marca personal = personal record.
    * miembro personal = personal member.
    * nombre personal = personal name.
    * norma personal = personal norm.
    * opinión personal = personal opinion.
    * ordenador personal (PC) = personal computer (PC).
    * para uso personal = for personal use.
    * perder un objeto personal = lose + property.
    * personal investigador = research staff.
    * PIN (número de identificación personal) = PIN (personal identification number).
    * por razones personales = for personal reasons.
    * preferencia personal = personal preference.
    * problema personal = personal problem.
    * razones personales = personal reasons.
    * realización personal = personal fulfilment.
    * récord personal = personal record.
    * responsabilidad personal = personal responsibility.
    * satisfacción personal = personal satisfaction.
    * seguridad personal = personal safety.
    * sello personal = fingerprint [finger-print].
    * sicología personal = personal psychology.
    * sistema de valores personales = personal value system.
    * tecnología del ordenador personal = personal computer technology.
    * tener un interés muy personal en = hold + a stake in, have + a stake in.
    * territorio personal = personal space territory.
    * toque personal = personal touch.
    * triunfo personal = a feather in + Posesivo + cap.
    * uso personal = personal use.
    * vida personal = personal life.
    * voluntad personal = personal will.

    * * *
    ‹asunto/documento/pregunta› personal; ‹opinión/juicio› personal
    objetos de uso personal personal effects
    una alusión personal a personal remark
    está basado en su experiencia personal it is based on (his own) personal experience
    no tiene ningún interés personal en el asunto he has no personal interest in the matter
    1 (de una fábrica, empresa) personnel (pl), staff ( sing or pl)
    estamos escasos de personal we're short-staffed
    intentan aumentar la producción con el mismo personal they are trying to increase production with the same number of staff o with the same workforce
    2 ( Esp fam hum) (gente) people
    ¡cuánto personal hay en la calle! what a lot of people there are in the street!
    saca unas copas para el personal get some glasses out for everyone o for people
    Compuestos:
    cabin staff o crew
    ( Arg) staff ( of a building)
    ground crew o staff
    flight crew
    * * *

     

    personal adjetivo
    personal;

    ■ sustantivo masculino (de fábrica, empresa) personnel (pl), staff ( sing or pl);
    estamos escasos de personal we're short-staffed
    personal
    I adjetivo personal
    una carta personal, a private letter
    II sustantivo masculino (trabajadores) staff, personnel

    ' personal' also found in these entries:
    Spanish:
    consignar
    - contingente
    - dato
    - efecto
    - escala
    - interés
    - jefa
    - jefe
    - lavandería
    - llave
    - objeto
    - particular
    - pasar
    - placa
    - plana
    - plano
    - presente
    - primar
    - privada
    - privado
    - abandonar
    - ampliación
    - ampliar
    - aseo
    - auxiliar
    - bien
    - citar
    - computadora
    - consultorio
    - coqueto
    - defensa
    - dejadez
    - dejado
    - despedir
    - diario
    - falta
    - historial
    - insuficiencia
    - intimidad
    - número
    - palacio
    - patrimonio
    - PC
    - planilla
    - plantilla
    - reducción
    - tarjeta
    - uno
    English:
    accustom
    - achievement
    - agree
    - appreciate
    - averse
    - balloon
    - battle
    - cleanliness
    - computer
    - dear
    - decision
    - decision making
    - delay
    - despite
    - diary
    - dodge
    - employ
    - excuse
    - exploit
    - first-hand
    - gap
    - heart-to-heart
    - love
    - maintenance staff
    - mate
    - myself
    - neglect
    - office staff
    - PA
    - pc
    - personal
    - personal best
    - personal computer
    - personal pronoun
    - personally
    - personnel
    - personnel department
    - personnel management
    - private
    - private income
    - put off
    - referee
    - self-improvement
    - self-interest
    - short-staffed
    - staff
    - staff meeting
    - staff training
    - staffing
    - strength
    * * *
    ♦ adj
    [privado, íntimo] personal;
    una opinión/pregunta personal a personal opinion/question;
    mi teléfono personal es… my home o private number is…;
    para uso personal for personal use;
    personal e intransferible non-transferable
    ♦ nm
    1. [trabajadores] staff, personnel
    personal administrativo administrative staff;
    personal de cabina cabin staff o crew;
    personal docente teaching staff;
    personal de oficina office staff;
    personal de tierra ground staff o crew;
    personal de ventas sales force o team
    2. Esp Fam [gente] people;
    el personal quería ir al cine the gang wanted to go to the cinema
    ♦ nf
    [en baloncesto] personal foul
    * * *
    I adj personal
    II m
    1 personnel, staff;
    personal docente teaching staff
    2 en baloncesto personal foul
    * * *
    : personal
    : personnel, staff
    * * *
    personal1 adj personal / private
    personal2 n staff

    Spanish-English dictionary > personal

  • 3 Meusnier, Jean Baptiste Marie

    SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace
    [br]
    b. 1754 Tours, France
    d. 1793 Mainz, Germany
    [br]
    French designer of the "dirigible balloon" (airship).
    [br]
    Just a few days after the first balloon flight by the relatively primitive Montgolfier hot-air balloon, a design for a sophisticated steerable or "dirigible" balloon was proposed by a young French army officer. On 3 December 1783, Lieutenant (later General) Jean Baptiste Marie Meusnier of the Corps of Engineers presented to the Académie des Sciences a paper entitled Mémoire sur l'équilibre des machines aérostatiques. This outlined Meusnier's ideas and so impressed the learned members of the Academy that they commissioned him to make a more complete study. This was published in 1784 and contained sixteen water-colour drawings of the proposed airship, which are preserved by the Musée de l'Air in Paris.
    Meusnier's "machine aérostatique" was ellipsoidal in shape, in contrast to those of his unsuccessful contemporaries who tried to make spherical balloons steerable, often using oars for propulsion. Meusnier's proposed airship was 79.2 m (260 ft) long with the crew in a slim boat slung below the envelope (in case of a landing on water); it was steered by a large sail-like rudder at the rear end. Between the envelope and the boat were three propellers, which were to be manually driven as there was no suitable engine available; this was the first design for a propeller-driven aircraft. The most important innovation was a ballonnet, a balloon within the main envelope that was pressurized with air supplied by bellows in the boat. Varying the amount of air in the ballonnet would compensate for changes in the volume of hydrogen gas in the main envelope when the airship changed altitude. The ballonnet would also help to maintain the external shape of the main envelope.
    General Meusnier was killed in action in 1793 and it was almost one hundred years from the date of his publication that his idea of ballonnets was put into practice, by Dupuy de Lome in 1872, and later by Renard and Krebs.
    [br]
    Bibliography
    1784, Mémoire sur l'équilibre des machines aérostatiques, Paris; repub. Paris: Musée de l'Air.
    Further Reading
    L.T.C.Rolt, 1966, The Aeronauts, London (paperback 1985). Basil Clarke, 1961, The History of Airships, London.
    JDS

    Biographical history of technology > Meusnier, Jean Baptiste Marie

  • 4 баллон

    1. cylinder
    2. balloon

    Русско-английский научный словарь > баллон

См. также в других словарях:

  • balloon — I (New American Roget s College Thesaurus) n. aerostat, blimp; free, sounding, kite, pilot, or dirigible balloon; fire balloon, montgolfier. See aviation. v. i. swell. See convexity. II (Roget s IV) n. Syn. dirigible, aircraft, airship, weather… …   English dictionary for students

  • balloon flight — ▪ aviation Introduction  passage through the air of a balloon that contains a buoyant gas, such as helium or heated air, for which reason it is also known as lighter than air free flight. Unmanned balloons have been used to carry meteorological… …   Universalium

  • Balloon Pilot Badge — The Balloon Pilot Badge is a military badge of the United States Armed Forces which was issued during the First and Second World Wars. The badge was issued by both the United States Army and the U.S. Air Force, with the Navy equivalent known as… …   Wikipedia

  • Observation balloon — An observation balloon being launched from the USS Arizona. This balloon has a two man crew that performed artillery spotting in support of the battleship s main guns …   Wikipedia

  • Hot air balloon — This article is about hot air balloons themselves. For the associated activity, see hot air ballooning. For the rock opera, see Hot Air Balloon (rock opera). For the song, see Hot Air Balloon (song). Hot air balloon in flight …   Wikipedia

  • Union Army Balloon Corps — Infobox Military Unit unit name= Union Army Balloon Corps caption= Woodblock sketch of Lowe s balloon with McClellan s Army of the Potomac as depicted in Harper s Weekly . dates= October 1861 August 1863 country= United States allegiance= Union… …   Wikipedia

  • S. A. Andrée's Arctic balloon expedition of 1897 — was an ill fated effort to reach the North Pole in which all three expedition members perished. S. A. Andrée (1854 ndash;97), [Andrée, christened Salomon August, invariably went by his initials as an adult.] the first Swedish balloonist, proposed …   Wikipedia

  • DHL Balloon — Coordinates: 1°17′54.5″N 103°51′25.8″E / 1.298472°N 103.857167°E / 1.298472; 103.857167 …   Wikipedia

  • Columbia Scientific Balloon Facility — Coordinates: 31°46′43″N 95°42′52″W / 31.77861°N 95.71444°W / 31.77861; 95.71444 …   Wikipedia

  • Rozière balloon — The Rozière balloon (or simply Rozière) is a type of hybrid balloon that has separate chambers for a non heated lifting gas (such as hydrogen or helium) as well as a heated lifting gas (as used in a hot air balloon or Montgolfière.) This type of… …   Wikipedia

  • Saga International Balloon Fiesta — The nihongo|Saga International Balloon Fiesta|佐賀インターナショナルバルーンフェスタ|Saga Intānashonaru Barūn Fesuta is held at the beginning of November every year in Saga Prefecture, Japan. In 2007 it will take place between October 30 and November 5. The fiesta… …   Wikipedia

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