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1 judge
[dʒʌdʒ] 1. n ( JUR) 2. vtcompetition, match sędziować; ( estimate) określać (określić perf), oceniać (ocenić perf); ( evaluate) oceniać; ( consider) uznawać (uznać perf) za +acc3. viwydawać (wydać perf) opinięjudging/to judge by his expression — sądząc z jego wyrazu twarzy
* * *1. verb1) (to hear and try (cases) in a court of law: Who will be judging this murder case?) sądzić2) (to decide which is the best in a competition etc: Is she going to judge the singing competition again?; Who will be judging the vegetables at the flower show?; Who is judging at the horse show?) sędziować3) (to consider and form an idea of; to estimate: You can't judge a man by his appearance; Watch how a cat judges the distance before it jumps; She couldn't judge whether he was telling the truth.) oceniać4) (to criticize for doing wrong: We have no right to judge him - we might have done the same thing ourselves.) osądzać2. noun1) (a public officer who hears and decides cases in a law court: The judge asked if the jury had reached a verdict.) sędzia2) (a person who decides which is the best in a competition etc: The judge's decision is final (= you cannot argue with the judge's decision); He was asked to be on the panel of judges at the beauty contest.) sędzia3) (a person who is skilled at deciding how good etc something is: He says she's honest, and he's a good judge of character; He seems a very fine pianist to me, but I'm no judge.) znawca•- judgement- judgment
- judging from / to judge from
- pass judgement on
- pass judgement -
2 judge advocate
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3 judge
- sędzia- urzędnik publiczny, który rozpatruje sprawy i wydaje orzeczenia w sądzie.Indeks angielsko-polski terminów prawniczych wraz z objaśnieniami > judge
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4 judge-made law
(również case law, common law)- prawo precedensowe- zbiór praw oparty na decyzjach sądowych, w odróżnieniu od prawa opartego na ustawach lub aktach normatywnych niższego rzędu.Indeks angielsko-polski terminów prawniczych wraz z objaśnieniami > judge-made law
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5 judging from / to judge from
(if one can use (something) as an indication: Judging from the sky, there'll be a storm soon.) sądząc z -
6 appeal
[ə'piːl] 1. vi ( JUR)wnosić (wnieść perf) apelację, odwoływać się (odwołać się perf)2. n ( JUR)to appeal (to sb) for — apelować (zaapelować perf) (do kogoś) o +acc
to appeal to sb for mercy — prosić (poprosić perf) kogoś o łaskę
* * *[ə:pi:l] 1. verb1) ((often with to) to ask earnestly for something: She appealed (to him) for help.) zwracać się2) (to take a case one has lost to a higher court etc; to ask (a referee, judge etc) for a new decision: He appealed against a three-year sentence.) apelować3) ((with to) to be pleasing: This place appeals to me.) podobać się2. noun1) ((the act of making) a request (for help, a decision etc): The appeal raised $500 for charity; a last appeal for help; The judge rejected his appeal.) apel, apelacja2) (attraction: Music holds little appeal for me.) urok• -
7 appear
[ə'pɪə(r)]vi( come into view) pojawiać się (pojawić się perf), zjawiać się (zjawić się perf); ( JUR) stawiać się (stawić się perf); ( be published) ukazywać się (ukazać się perf) ( drukiem); ( seem) wydawać się (wydać się perf)to appear on TV/in "Hamlet" — występować (wystąpić perf) w telewizji/w "Hamlecie"
it would appear that … — wydawałoby się, że …
* * *[ə'piə]1) (to come into view: A man suddenly appeared round the corner.) pojawiać się2) (to arrive (at a place etc): He appeared in time for dinner.) stawiać się, przybywać3) (to come before or present oneself/itself before the public or a judge etc: He is appearing on television today; He appeared before Judge Scott.) pojawiać/stawiać się4) (to look or seem as if (something is the case): It appears that he is wrong; He appears to be wrong.) wydawać się• -
8 justice
['dʒʌstɪs]n ( JUR)sprawiedliwość f, wymiar m sprawiedliwości; ( of cause) słuszność f; ( of complaint) zasadność f; ( fairness) sprawiedliwość f; (US) ( judge) sędzia mLord Chief Justice ( BRIT, JUR) — przewodniczący Ławy Królewskiej Sądu Najwyższego i Prezes (Wydziału Kryminalnego) Sądu Apelacyjnego.
to do justice to ( fig) — (represent, capture) dobrze oddawać (oddać perf) +acc; ( deal properly with) dawać (dać perf) sobie radę z +instr, uporać się ( perf) z +instr
she didn't do herself justice — nie pokazała, na co ją stać
to bring sb to justice — oddawać (oddać perf) kogoś w ręce sprawiedliwości
* * *1) (fairness or rightness in the treatment of other people: Everyone has a right to justice; I don't deserve to be punished - where's your sense of justice?) sprawiedliwość2) (the law or the administration of it: Their dispute had to be settled in a court of justice.) wymiar sprawiedliwości3) (a judge.) sędzia•- do
- in justice to -
9 rule
[ruːl] 1. n( norm) reguła f; ( regulation) przepis m; ( government) rządy pl, panowanie nt2. vtrządzić +instr3. vito rule (over sb/sth) — rządzić (kimś/czymś)
to rule in favour of/against/on — wydawać (wydać perf) orzeczenie na korzyść +gen /na niekorzyść +gen /w sprawie +gen
to rule that … — orzekać (orzec perf), że …
as a rule of thumb, … — można przyjąć, że …
Phrasal Verbs:- rule out* * *[ru:l] 1. noun1) (government: under foreign rule.) panowanie2) (a regulation or order: school rules.) przepis3) (what usually happens or is done; a general principle: He is an exception to the rule that fat people are usually happy.) reguła4) (a general standard that guides one's actions: I make it a rule never to be late for appointments.) zasada5) (a marked strip of wood, metal etc for measuring: He measured the windows with a rule.) miara, przymiar2. verb1) (to govern: The king ruled (the people) wisely.) rządzić2) (to decide officially: The judge ruled that the witness should be heard.) zawyrokować3) (to draw (a straight line): He ruled a line across the page.) narysować (linię)•- ruled- ruler
- ruling 3. noun(an official decision: The judge gave his ruling.) orzeczenie- rule off
- rule out -
10 standard
['stændəd] 1. n 2. adjsize etc typowy; textbook klasyczny; practice znormalizowany, standardowy; model, feature standardowy, podstawowyto be/to come up to standard — być na odpowiednim poziomie
to apply a double standard — stosować (zastosować perf) podwójną miarę
* * *['stændəd] 1. noun1) (something used as a basis of measurement: The kilogram is the international standard of weight.) wzorzec, standard2) (a basis for judging quality, or a level of excellence aimed at, required or achieved: You can't judge an amateur artist's work by the same standards as you would judge that of a trained artist; high standards of behaviour; His performance did not reach the required standard.) kryterium3) (a flag or carved figure etc fixed to a pole and carried eg at the front of an army going into battle.) sztandar, znak bojowy2. adjective((accepted as) normal or usual; The Post Office likes the public to use a standard size of envelope.) znormalizowany- standardise
- standardization
- standardisation
- standard-bearer
- be up to / below standard
- standard of living -
11 acquit
[ə'kwɪt]vtto acquit o.s. well — dobrze się spisać ( perf)
* * *[ə'kwit]past tense, past participle - acquitted; verb(to declare (an accused person) to be innocent: The judge acquitted her of murder.) uniewinnać -
12 adjudicate
[ə'dʒuːdɪkeɪt] 1. vt 2. vi* * *[ə'‹u:dikeit](to act as a judge (in an artistic competition etc).) zasiadać w jury- adjudicator -
13 admonish
[əd'mɔnɪʃ]vt* * *[əd'moniʃ](to scold or rebuke: The judge admonished the young man for fighting in the street.) upominać -
14 appearance
[ə'pɪərəns]nto put in/make an appearance — pokazywać się (pokazać się perf)
to keep up appearances — zachowywać (zachować perf) pozory
* * *1) (what can be seen (of a person, thing etc): From his appearance he seemed very wealthy.) wygląd2) (the act of coming into view or coming into a place: The thieves ran off at the sudden appearance of two policemen.) pojawienie się3) (the act of coming before or presenting oneself/itself before the public or a judge etc: his first appearance on the stage.) ukazanie się -
15 assess
[ə'sɛs]vtsituation, abilities, students oceniać (ocenić perf); tax naliczać (naliczyć perf), obliczać (obliczyć perf); damages, value szacować (oszacować perf)* * *[ə'ses]1) (to estimate or judge the quality or quantity of: Can you assess my chances of winning?) oceniać2) (to estimate in order to calculate tax due on: My income has been assessed wrongly.) wyliczyć, szacować, skalkulować•- assessor -
16 case
[keɪs]przypadek m; ( JUR) sprawa f; (for spectacles, nail scissors) etui nt inv; ( for musical instrument) futerał m; ( BRIT) (also: suitcase) walizka f; ( of wine) skrzynka flower/upper case ( TYP) — małe/duże litery
to make (out) a case for/against — przedstawić argumenty za +instr /przeciw(ko) +dat
there's a strong case for/against — wiele przemawia za +instr /przeciw(ko) +dat
in case of — w przypadku +gen
in case he comes — na wypadek, gdyby przyszedł
in any case — ( at any rate) w każdym razie; ( besides) zresztą, poza tym; ( no matter what) tak czy owak
* * *I [keis] noun1) (an instance or example: another case of child-beating; a bad case of measles.) przypadek2) (a particular situation: It's different in my case.) przypadek3) (a legal trial: The judge in this case is very fair.) proces4) (an argument or reason: There's a good case for thinking he's wrong.) podstawa5) ((usually with the) a fact: I don't think that's really the case.) prawda, fakty, rzeczywistość6) (a form of a pronoun (eg he or him), noun or adjective showing its relation to other words in the sentence.) przypadek•- in case- in case of
- in that case II [keis] noun1) (a container or outer covering: a case of medical instruments; a suitcase.) skrzynka, walizka2) (a crate or box: six cases of whisky.) skrzynka, karton3) (a piece of furniture for displaying or containing things: a glass case full of china; a bookcase.) szafka -
17 chamber
['tʃeɪmbə(r)]n( room) komnata f; ( POL) izba f; ( BRIT) (usu pl) ( judge's office) gabinet m sędziego; ( barristers' offices) kancelaria f adwokacka* * *[' eimbə]1) (a room.) izba, pomieszczenie2) (the place where an assembly (eg Parliament) meets: There were few members left in the chamber.) izba3) (such an assembly: the Upper and Lower Chambers.) izba4) (an enclosed space or cavity eg the part of a gun which holds the bullets: Many pistols have chambers for six bullets.) komora•- chamber music -
18 connoisseur
[kɔnɪ'səː(r)]nkoneser(ka) m(f)* * *[konə'sə:](an expert judge of eg art, music, wine etc: Let him choose the wine - he's the connoisseur.) znawca -
19 consider
[kən'sɪdə(r)]vt( believe)to consider sb/sth as — uważać kogoś/coś za +acc; (study, take into account) rozważać (rozważyć perf); (regard, judge) rozpatrywać (rozpatrzyć perf)
to consider doing sth — rozważać (rozważyć perf) zrobienie czegoś
he is generally considered to have invented the first computer — powszechnie uważa się go za wynalazcę pierwszego komputera
* * *[kən'sidə]1) (to think about (carefully): He considered their comments.) rozważać2) (to feel inclined towards: I'm considering leaving this job.) rozważać3) (to take into account: You must consider other people's feelings.) brać pod uwagę4) (to regard as being: They consider him unfit for that job.) uważać•- considerably -
20 deem
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