Перевод: с исландского на английский

с английского на исландский

as+against...

  • 41 leika

    * * *
    I)
    (leik; lék, lékum; leikinn), v.
    1) to play (við skulum nú leika fyrst);
    leika leik, to play a play;
    leika tveim skjöldum, to play a double game;
    leika at e-u, to play (amuse oneself) with (Katla sat ok lék at hafri sínum);
    leika at tafli, to play at chess;
    leika sér, to play (hann lék sér þá enn á gólfi með öðrum börnum);
    2) to perform, of a feat or act of prowess (en ek hygg, at engi annarr fái þat leikit);
    3) to move, swing, wave to and fro, hang loosely (leika á lopti);
    landit skalf sem á þræði léki, as if balanced on a string;
    4) of flame, fire, water, waves, to play lightly about or over, lick (eldr tók at leika húsin);
    eldrinn lék skjótt, the fire spread fast;
    leikr hár hiti við himin sjálfan, the lofty blaze plays against the very heavens;
    fig., e-m leikr e-t í skapi (í mun), one feels inclined to, has a mind to (þat leikr mér í skapi at kaupa Íslandsfar);
    5) to deal (hardly) with, to (ill-)treat (leika e-n illa, hart, sárt, sárliga);
    6) to play a trick upon, delude, = leika á e-n (djöfullinn leikr þá alla);
    7) to bewitch, esp. in pp. (maðr sá var leikinn af flagði einu);
    8) with preps.:
    leika á e-n, to play a trick upon (mjök hefir þú á oss leikit);
    fig., lék þat orð á, at, it was rumoured, that;
    e-m leikr öfund á, to envy;
    e-m leikr hugr á, to have a mind to;
    þar leikr minn hugr á, my mind is bent upon that;
    hón segir föður sínum um hvat at leika er, she told her father how things stood;
    leika e-n út, esp. in pp., to ill-treat (konungr sér nú Áka, hversu hann er út leikinn);
    leika við e-n, to play with one;
    leika við, to continue (meinit hafð lengi við leikit);
    9) refl., leikast, to be performed, done;
    ef þat má leikast, if this can be done;
    leikst á e-n, it goes against one, he gets the worst of it (mjök hefir leikizt á minn hluta);
    leikast við, to play one against the other, play a match;
    höfðu þeir leikizt við barna leikum, meðan þeir vóru ungir, they had been playmates.
    (pl. leiku), n. plaything, doll.
    f.
    1) = leika, n.;
    2) play-sister (vér vórum leikur vetr níu).
    * * *
    1.
    n., pl. leiku, a plaything, doll, puppet; þú ert leikum ljosari, MS. 4. 9; ek skal færa þik Hildigunni dóttur minni, ok skal hón hafa þik fyrir leika (leiku Ed.), Fas. ii. 233; þótt hann þykki trautt hvers barns leika vera, Fms. xi. 95; léku þeir sér um dag, ok bað Steinólfr Arngrím ljá sér messingar hest—Arngrímr svarar, ek mun gefa þér, þvíat þat er nú heldr þitt leika en mitt fyrir aldrs sökum, Glúm. 353; kurraði þat hverr í sínum híbýlum, at vetrgestr Brynjólfs mundi eigi vera hversdags leika, Sturl. iii. 127: plur., fögr leiku eru þetta, O. H. L. 50; þeir tveir trémenn er Frey höfðu fengnir verit til leikna, Fb. i. 403.
    2.
    u, f. = leika, n. but a later form, mín leika, Grett. 107 new Ed., cp. Fas. ii. 233.
    2. a play-sister = leiksystir; vit vetr níu vórum leikur, Gs. 11; Dvalins-leika, Lex. Poët.
    3. cunnus.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > leika

  • 42 MARGR

    I)
    (mörg, mart), a.
    1) in sing. a collect. sense, both as subst. and a., many a (one);
    margr maðr, many a person;
    margr mun þik öfunda, many a one will envy thee;
    neut., mart, many things, opp. to ‘fátt’ (tala margr, margs vitandi);
    í mörgu, in many things, in many respects;
    fyrir margs sakir, for many reasons;
    mart manna, many people;
    2) in pl. many (særðr mörgum sárum);
    3) fig. friendly, communicative, opp. to fár( var hann margr við Árna biskup).
    ekki má við margnum, no one can stand against great odds.
    * * *
    adj., fem. mörg. neut. margt, usually spelt and pronounced mart; compar. fleiri, q. v.; superl. flestr; [Ulf. manags = πολύς; A. S. manig; Engl. many: O. H. G. manag; Dutch mennig; Germ. manche; the n is found in all South-Teutonic languages, and the word is explained by Grimm as a compd from mann ( homo) and the suffix -gi (- cunque); the Norse margr is the same word, having only changed the n into r, for the n remains in a few derivatives, as mengi ( a crowd), menga ( to blend), manga, q. v.: in mod. Swed. and Dan. the n has been resumed from intercourse with the Germ.; Dan. mange; early Swed. marger, but mod. Swed. mânga]:—many; munu margir þess gjalda, Nj. 2; meiri er veiðr í Flosa en mörgum öðrum, 232; marga þína muni, Ld. 102; særðr mörgum sárum … mörgum mönnum, … margir menn, Fms. x. 370; margir slíkir, many such. Nj. 6; marga penninga, Dipl. ii. 10.
    2. sing. in a collect. sense, both as subst. and adj.; mart man, Fms. i. 185; margr maðr, Fb. i. 241; margr sá fróðr þvkkisk, Hm. 29; þviat margr man þik öfunda, þvíat margr mun þar at þér víkja, Nj. 47; skipask margr vel við góðan búning, Fms. vi. 208; hefir þó margr hlotið um sárt at binda, Nj. 54; hann hafði látið slá skipa-saum margan, a great quantity of, Fms. ix. 377: margr er knár þó hann sé smár; ber mér jafnan mart á góma, vi. 208; margs vitandi, Vsp. 20; mart er mér vel hent at göra, Nj. 54; tala mart, 194; heyra mart en tala fátt, Hallgr.; spyrja mjök margs, Ld. 88; fyrir margs sakir, for many reasons, Fms. vi. 215; ok þykkir lítt fyrir (í) mörgu þat at tala, xi. 108; mart manna, many people, Eg. 134, Nj. 194: í mörgu, in many respects, in many things, 625. 82, Fb. iii. 246; fróð at mörgu, Nj. 194; margs alls, quite great, adverb., Am. 8, 92.
    II. metaph. friendly, communicative (cp. fár); höfum vit nú hvarttveggja reynt, at mart hefir verit um með okkr ok fátt, Gísl. 17; ekki var mart með þeim, Fms. x. 78; svá er, frændi, at með okkr hefir verit ekki mart, Ld. 106; þó var hann margr við Árna biskup ok fréttinn af Íslandi, Bs. i. 776.
    III. margr is used as a subst., in the saying, eigi má við margnum, no one can stand against many, against odds; en þó mátti hann eigi við marginum um síðir, at last he was overthrown, Bær. 14; kom at því sem mælt er, at ekki má við margnum, Fs. 89, Fms. xi. 278. margs-konar and margs-kyns, adv. of many kinds, various, Fs. 63, Edda 38, Hkr. i. 5, Fms. i. 185, Eg. 517, passim.
    B. COMPDS: margbreytinn, margbreytni, margbrotinn, margbrugðinn, margdýrr, margfalda, margfaldan, margfaldleikr, margfaldliga, margfaldligr, margfaldr, margfróðgjarn, margfróðr, margfræði, margfrömuðr, margfætla, margháttaðr, margheyrðr, marghrossa, margkunnandi, margkunnigr, margkunnindi, margkvíslaðr, margkvíslóttr, margkvæmt, margkyndugr, marglátr, margleiki, margliga, marglitr, marglyndr, marglæti, margmálugr, margmenni, margmennr, margmælgi, margmæli, margmæltr, margopt, margorðr, margprettóttr, margræða, margræddr, margræðinn, margsinnis, margslægr, margsmugall, margspakr, margstaðar, margtalaðr, margteitr, margtítt, margvitr, margvísliga, margvísligr, margvíss, margyrðr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > MARGR

  • 43 spyrna

    (-da, -dr), v. to spurn;
    spyrna fœti á e-n or á e-m, s. fœti til e-s, to push one with the foot, to kick (Þórr spyrndi fœti sínum á hann); s. fœti (fótum) í e-t, to put or press one’s foot (feet) against; s. við, to struggle against with the feet (it fyrsta sinn, er úlfrinn spyrndi við, brotnaði sá fjöturr); s. e-u af sér, to kick off (gat hann spyrnt af sér fjötrinum); frá spyrndr allri eign, spurned from, bereft of; recipr., spyrnast í iljar, to touch one another with the soles (of two stretched on their backs).
    * * *
    d, [spor, cp. sperna, sporna; A. S. speornan; Engl. spurn]:—to spurn, strike with the feet; er úlfrinn spyrnir, Edda 20; s. fæti á e-m, Glúm. 338, Edda 38; stinga huefa eðr spyrna fæti, Grág. ii. 133; s. við fætinum, Bs. i. 462; spyrna fótum í e-t, to spurn with the feet at, Fms. vii. 120; svá hafði Björn hart spyrnt til Vagns, xi. 153; hann spyrndi til sveinsins, Dropl. 31; s. í e-t, to put the feet against, to kick, Bs. i. 462: s. móti broddinum, Acts ix. 5; s. af sér fjötri, Ísl. ii. 52.
    II. reflex., spyrnask í iljar, of two stretched on their backs, heels to heels, Fas. ii. 147, Þorf. Karl. 410, v. l.
    2. part., frá spyrndr allri eign, spurned from, bereft, Fagrsk. 100.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > spyrna

  • 44 stríða

    I)
    f.
    2) hardness, austerity, severity, opp. to blíða( hvárt sem hann mætti blíðu eða stríðu);
    3) strife.
    (-dda, -tt), v.
    1) to harm, with dat. (stríddi hón ætt Buðla);
    2) to fight (s. við e-n, í móti e-m); s. á e-n, to fight against, attack.
    * * *
    1.
    u, f. adversity, Stj. 445: hardness, austerity, severity, er biskup lagði stríðu á stóra höfðingja, Sturl. iii. 266; með valdi ok stríðu heilagrar kirkju, Bs. i. 288; með freku fullrar stríðu, Fms. ii. 243; stríða vendisk brátt í blíðu, Bs. i. 125; hvárt sem hann mætti bliðu eðr stríðu, Fms. vi. 250; gangask heldr fyrir blíðu enn stríðu, to yield sooner to gentleness than to hardness.
    2.
    d, to harm, punish, with dat.; stríddi hón ætt Buðla, Am. 72; hann stríðir þeim með mörgum býsnum ok bardögum, Stj. 436, 517; s. misgörandum en miskunna iðrandum, 567, Bs. ii. 72: the saying, sér stríðir vesall maðr, he is a fool that plagues himself, Hom. (St.); here belongs, Hðm. 8 (at sér né stríddit).
    2. in mod. usage, to vex, tease, provoke, with words; þú mátt ekki stríða henni, do not tease her so!
    3. with prepp.; stríða mót, to strive against, Fms. ix. 399, Stj. 370; stríða á e-n, to fight against, 142, 379, Mar.
    II. to fight, to war; Eatvarðr Engla-konungr stríddi á Skotland, Ann.; þeir stríddu sín á milli, Fms. ix. 229.
    2. recipr., striðask á, Edda (pref.), Stj. 384; at vér samlandar ok frændr stríðimk á með ofr-kappi, Mar.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > stríða

  • 45 VARA

    I)
    (að), v.
    1) to warn, caution; v. e-n við e-u, to caution one against, bid one beware of (þú hefir þat ráð upp tekit, er ek varaða þik mest við); v. sik, to be on one’s guard, beware;
    2) refl., varast = vara sik (þeir Þorgils vissu sér engis ótta ván ok vörudust ekki); v. af e-u to take warning from (svá at aðrir varist af úförum þinum); v. e-t, to be on one’s guard against, shun, take care not to (hann varaðist þat mest at koma við landit); bad jarlinn við v., to be on his guard.
    (-ði), v. to give (one) a foreboding of; þess varir mik, at, I have a presentiment that; þeir kómu þar jafnan fram, er engi mann varði, where no one expected; bar hann skjótara at en þá varði, sooner than they expected; þá er minnst varir, when one least expects it.
    f. wares, in Norway chiefly of fur (grá-, skinna-vara), in Iceland of wadmal (vara íslenzk).
    * * *
    1.
    að, [varr], to warn; vara sik, to be on one’s guard, beware, Fms. viii. 288; vara þú þik svá. Hkr. i. 253; v. e-n við e-u, to bid one beware of a thing; íll dæmi vari oss við syndum, Hom. 97; Hrafn hafði varat hann við úfriðinum, Sturl. iii. 186 (úfriðinn Cod.); þú hefir þat ráð upp tekit er ek varaða þik mest við, Eg. 82; varaða ek ykkr bæði við at þit skyldit, Sks. 544; vil ek vara yðr við, at þér flytið hann eigi, Fms. passim.
    II. reflex. to beware of, be on one’s guard against, shun; þeir hjala mart ok varask hvárgi annan, Sturl. i. 27; varask þú þat ( beware) at eigi hittir þú hóf fyrir þer, Eg. 21: eigi má varask nema viti, a saying, D. N. iii. 751; varaðisk Ingólfr hann þó, Fs. 64; varaðisk Gunnarr þat ekki, Nj. 63; þeir vissu sér engis ótta vánir ok vöruðusk ekki, Eg. 74; svá at aðrir varisk af þínum úförum, Sks. 744; hvat ek skal varask, Fms. i. 261; hann skyldi varask at göra Ólaf eigi of stóran, Hkr. i. 212; varask við. Blas. 46; varisk ok við at byggja dautt fé á leigu, K. Á.; þat skaltú varask (beware, take care) um allan varning er þú setr at hann sé óspiltr, Sks. 19.
    2.
    pres. vari, pret. varði, part. varat; [Engl. ware, a-ware; cp. varða]:—to be aware of, ween, expect, have a forboding of: impers., þess varir mik, at þú mælir feigum munni, Nj. 9; mik varði eigi þessa áburðar, Fms. ii. 57; eigi varði mik þess af yðr, xi. 54; mundi mik annars vara af yðr, Eg. 426; mundi mik af þér alls annars vara, enn at þú mundir oss stuld kenna, Ld. 206; sem mik varir, as I ween, Rb. 196; þeir kómu jafnan fram sem engi mann varði, where no one expected. Fms. viii. 432; fyrr enn hann (acc.) varði, x. 413; þá er hann varði minnst, Eg. 296; skjótar enn þá varði, Korm. 40; þá er minnst varir, when one least expects it, Fms. i. 104; verðr það opt þá varir minnst vofeifleg hætta búin finnst, Pass. 5. 2: the saying, verðr þat er varir ok svá þat er ekki varir, Grett. 91 A.
    II. to endure, last,(mod.)
    3.
    u, f., pl. vörur, [Dan. vare; Engl. wares], wares; in Norway chiefly of fur, in Icel. of wadmal; vara í sekkum ok allskyns varningr, Fs. 5; vöru-hlaði, id.; flytja vöru til skips, Nj. 4; bera upp vöruna, Eg. 54; ljós vara, light ware, i. e. ermine, opp. to grá-vara, grey fur, 69; skinna-vara, skins, fur, id.; virðingar-fé eða vara, Vm. 140: sex hundruð virt til vöru, Rd. 259; kýr, korn, smjör ok vöru, Gþl. 305; annat-hvárt haust skal greiða gelding tvævetran, en annat-hvárt halfa mörk vöru, Vm. 167; hann fær honum vöru ok silfr nokkut, Gísl. 44 (vaðmál, 129, v. l.); þrjátigi pakka vöru, Bs. i. 912 (vaðmáls, 872, l. c.); vöru hundrað, a hundred (value) in wares, i. e. wadmal, Vm. 83.
    COMPDS: vörugildr, vöruklæði, vörusekkr, vörusmíði, vöruváð, vöruvirðr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > VARA

  • 46 VEGA

    * * *
    (veg; vá, vágum; veginn), v.
    1) to lift (hann vegr heyit upp á herðar sé); v. e-n á bál, to lift one on the funeral fire; v. e-n ór skógi, to inlaw one;
    2) to weigh (verðum vér at leita at skálum, ok v. hringinn); fig., skal yðr engi vera traustari vin, þott þér vegit þat lífit, though ye esteem it little;
    3) to weigh, be of weikht (hvert haglkorn vá eyri);
    4) to fence, fight (smite) with a weapon (hann vá svá skjótt með sverði, at þrú þóttu á lopti at sjá);
    5) v. at e-m, to attack one, fight against one (ungr skal at ungum vega);
    6) to gain by fighting; v. sigr, to gain the victory; v. sigr á e-m, to overcome, beat, vanquish; v. til landa, to win land weapon in hand;
    7) to smite, slay, kill; v. mann, v. víg, to slay a man;
    8) refl., þat sverð, er sjálft mun vegast, the sword that will fight of itseff; vást meirr á hlut Grikkja, the Greeks lost more men; recipr., vegast, to slay one another.
    * * *
    pres. veg; pret. vá, vátt, vá (later vó); subj. vægi; part. veginn; with neg. suff. vegr-a, Hm. 10. In N. G. L. it is often spelt with i, viga, vigr, viginn: [Goth. wigan is supposed from ga-wigan = σαλεύειν, Luke vi. 38; O. H. G. wegan; Germ. wägen; cp. Lat. vehere; Goth. and A. S. wagjan, and Engl. wag and weigh, in the phrase ‘to weigh anchor,’ are derivatives]:—prop. to move, carry, lift, as by a lever; hann vegr heyit upp á herðar sér, Fb. i. 523; vágu þeir upp með (forkinum) bálit, Fms. vi. 405; hann vegr hann upp (á atgeirinum), Nj. 84; þeir höfðu til vegr (i. e. vögur) ok vágu skútuna fram af berginu, Fms. viii. 430; þerra hey sín en eigi á brott at vega eðr færa, Grág. (Kb.) ii. 107; öngullinn vá í góminn, Edda 36; en er lokit var at sjóða vá Narfi upp mörbjúga, Korm. 34: vega á bál, to lift on the bale fire, Vtkv.; vágum ór skógi þanns vildum syknan, Am. 97; var ek þrimr verum vegin at húsi, Gh. 10; vegnest verra vegra hann velli at, Hm. 10.
    II. to weigh; vega þeir haglkomin … ok vágu þeir í skálum, Fms. xi. 143; vá Halli sér þá þrjár merkr, vi. 372; þat er vegit sem reitt er, Sd. 155; eyrir veginn, Grág.; sex merkr vegnar, Orkn.; þrjá penninga silfrs vegna, Hkr. i. 185; mörk vegin brends silfrs, and so passim; virðr ok veginn, Grág. ii. 369; hann lét vega allan borðbúnað sinn, Fms. x. 147: metaph., skal yðr engi vera traustari vin, þótt þér vegið þat lítið, though ye find it light, ix. 297, passim.
    III. neut. to weigh, be of weight; sjám hvat vegi sjóðr sá, Ld. 30; hvert haglkorn vá eyri, Fms. i. 175; vega hálfa mörk, ii. 80; er sagt at eyri vægi hvert haglkorn, xi. 142; þótt þat vegi meirr enn hálfa vætt, Grág. (Kb.) i. 24, Bs. i. 874: metaph., skal ek allan hug á leggja ef þat vegr nökkut, Ó. H. 53; nema yðr þykki minna vega mín reiði, Fms. vii. 141; mér vegr þat lítið, Mag. 11.
    IV. reflex., í öllu sem vegask má með stórum vágum ok smám, K. Á. 204, freq.
    2. to yield in weight; það vegst vel, or það hefir vegist so and so, it has been of such and such weight.
    B. [The Goth. has here a separate strong verb, but in the Icel. both verbs have been amalgamated into one; Ulf. weigan, waih, wigun, = μαχειν; A. S. wigan; cp. víg]. to fence, fight with a weapon; tók sverðit ok atgeirinn ok vegr með báðum höndum, Nj. 96; hana vá svá skjótt með sverði, at þrjú þóttu á lopti at sjá, 29; eiga þeir at vega upp yfir höfuð sér, Fms. x. 360; vega með vápnum, to report to arms, Nj. 139; vega at e-m, to fight against; Þjálfi vá at Mökkur-kálfa ok féll hann, Edda 58.
    2. to attack with a weapon, Nj. 63, Grág. ii. 156; hann vaknaði fyrst er menn vágn at honum, Fms. vii. 333; ungr skal at ungum vega, Ísl. ii. 309; vega at flugdreka, Nj. 183.
    II. to fight; vega sigr, to gain the day, Fms. viii. 133, Bret. 66; með vápnum má sigr vega, Al. 83; hamingju at vega sigr a sínum úvinum. Fms. i. 218; ást Guðs vá sigr á ( overcame) líkams píslum ok hræzlu, Greg. 21; vega til landa, to win land weapon in hand, Korm.; slíkt sem vér höfum til vegit, gained, Fms. viii. 92.
    2. with dat. to forfeit, = fyrir vega, vega landi ok lausum eyri, Hkr. ii. 384; ef hann félli á hólmi þá hefði hann vegit allri eigu sinni, Eg. 495.
    III. to smite, slay, slaughter; ef maðr vegr mann, ok varðar þat skóggang, Grág. (Kb.) i. 145; vega á veittar trygðir, Ísl. ii. 491; vega víg, ek hefi vegit víg eitt, Nj. 128, passim; vega í enn sama knérunn, 85; víg þá er þat er vegit, Grág. ii. 89; vegin sök. = víg sök, 20, 41; vega mann or menn, passim; í Hólmgarði var svá mikil friðhelgi, at drepa skyldi hvern er mann údæmdan vá, Fms. i. 80; Kolskeggr vá drúgum menn, … vegr Gunnarr drjúgum menn, Nj. 96, 108; Þorsteinn vá hann þar, Eg. 713; ek vá hann, Nj. 28; þú sitr hjá, en nú er veginn Egill húsbóndi þinn, 97; ef hann er með vápum veginn, 146; hræðisk eigi þá sem líkamann vega, Blas. 48 (Mark x. 28); þú skalt ekki mann vega, the Sixth Commandment.
    IV. reflex., ok þat sverð er sjálft vegizk, a sword that fences of itself, Skm. 8, 9; þat [sverðit] vásk sjálft, Edda; vásk meirr á hlut Grikkja. the battle went against the Greeks, they lost the more men, Bret. 74; þá verðr um rætt at mjök hefði á vegizk þeirra lið Sunnan-manna, Ísl. ii. 389 (á-víga); at þegar hafi vegizk á þinn her, Stj. 531.
    2. recipr., vegask or vegask at, to fight, slay one another; nú vegask menn at, N. G. L. i. 64; ef þrælar manna vegask, Grág. (Kb.) i. 191; þá vágusk skógar-menn sjálfir, Landn. 323 (App.); miklu eru þrælar atgörða-meiri enn fyrr hafa verit, þeir flugusk þá á, en nú vilja þeir vegask, Nj. 56; nú eru konur þær sjau, er maðr má vegask um sektalaust við konung, N. G. L. i. 169.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > VEGA

  • 47 verja

    * * *
    I)
    (ver; varða; variðr, varðr), v.
    1) to defend (v. sik vel ok frœknliga); v. landit fyrir e-m, to defend the country against one; ek man þó engum hlífa, ef ek á hendr mínar at v., if I have to fight for my life;
    2) v. mál, to defend a cause, opp. to sœkja;
    3) v. e-t, or v. e-m e-t, to guard a place, hold it against a comer (at vísu ætla ek at v. þér ríki mitt); Egill varði dyrrnar, E. held the door; v. e-t laga lýriti, to forbid by a lawful protest;
    4) v. e-u, to keep away (Birkibeinar vörðu eldinum ok fengu sløkkt); v. e-m e-u, to withhold from one; meyjar ástum muna þér verða of varið, the maiden’s love shall not be denied thee;
    5) refl., verjast, to defend oneself (þeir vörðust með drengskap); v. e-u, to defend oneself against (þar mœtti hann finngálkni ok varðist því lengi).
    (ver; varða; variðr, varðr), v.
    1) to wrap, enclose; v. e-n armi, faðmi, to fold in one’s arms, embrace; mun ek vexa vel blæju at v. þitt líki, to shroud thy body; variðr, mounted, adorned (gulli, silfri, járni variðr);
    2) v. sverði, to swing, wield the sword;
    3) v. sér til, to exert oneself; en með því at hann varði sér mjök til, þá spruttu honum fœtr á jakanum, as he exerted himself greatly, his feet slipped on the ice;
    4) to invest money, lay out, expend (hann selr jarðir sínar ok verr fénu til útanferðar); vænta ek, at ek hafa þá vel varit, that I have made a good bargain;
    5) pp. n., varit; áttu svá til varit of menn, at, thou art so well provided with men that; þú átt til þess varit, it is thy nature; e-m er svá varit, at, one is so constituted that (honum var svá v., at hann var undirhyggjumaðr).
    f. outer garment, cloak (hann hafði yfir sér verju, saumaða saman af mörgum tötrum).
    * * *
    u, f. [verja = to wear], an outer garment, an outer frock; í síðri verju, Fbr. 156; annat verja en annat hit, Sd. 157; úlfalda verjur (but see vera), Stj. 181.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > verja

  • 48 afli

    m.
    1) means, gain, earnings, proceeds (afli ok herfang);
    2) might, power; hafa afla til einskis, to have means for nothing, be unable to do anything;
    3) troops, forces; þeir draga afla at ýður, they gather forces against you; aflinn ( the main body) Magnúss, konungs flýði allr.
    * * *
    a, m.
    I. means, acquisition, gain, produce, stores, fruits; afli ok herfang, Fms. ii. 106; hafði þórir einn forráð þess liðs ok svá afla þess alls er verðr í ferðinni, iv. 297; eignir … með öllum afla ok ávexti, increase and interest, K. Á. 54.
    2. now used,
    α. partic. of fishing stores, fishing.
    β. gener. of provisions and stores of any kind.
    II. metaph.:
    1. might, power; hafa afla til eingis, have might or means for nothing, be unable to do anything, to be powerless, Nj. 27.
    2. forces, troops, body, Lat. copiae, opes; Ásgrímr sagði þat mikinn afla, great support, Nj. 210; en þat sýnist mér þó ráðligast at biðja sér liðs, þvíat þeir draga afla at yðr, they gather forces against you, 222; munu vér skjótt eiga af honum ván hins mesta úfriðar ef hann fær nokkurn afla, troops, resources, Fms. i. 188; at herja á þá feðga með allmikinn afia, strong body, 184; ok er hirð Sverris konungs sá, at aflinn Magnúss konungs ( the main body) flýði allr, viii. 119.
    COMPDS: aflabrögð, aflafátt, aflafé, aflalítill, aflamaðr, aflamikill, aflamunr, aflaskortr, aflastund.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > afli

  • 49 AND-

    * * *
    a prefix denoting whatever is opposite, against, towards, and fig. hostile, adverse; often spelt an- or ann-.
    * * *
    a prefixed prep. [Ulf. uses a separate prep. and; A. S. and-; Germ. ant-, ent-, empf-; it exists in Engl. in an-swer; Lat. ante-; Gr. ἀντι-], denoting whatever is opposite, against, towards, and metaph. hostile, adverse; freq. spelt and pronounced an- or ann-; it is used in a great many compds, v. below. If followed by v, the a changes into ö, e. g. öndverðr, adversus; in andvirði, prize, however, the a is unchanged.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > AND-

  • 50 and-streymr

    adj. running against stream; metaph. difficult, cross; Sighvatr var heldr a. um eptirmálin, hard to come to terms with, Sturl. ii. 42; andstreym örlög, ill-fate, Al. 69; kvað Svein jafnan andstreyman verit hafa þeim frændum, had always set his face against, Orkn. 390.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > and-streymr

  • 51 and-vitni

    n. a law term.
    I. Icel. contradictory testimony, such as was contrary to law. Thus defined: þat er a. er menn bera gegn því sem áðr er borit, vætti í gegn kvið, eðr kviðr í gegn vætti, svá at eigi má hvárttveggja rétt vera, Grág. i. 59, 60; it was liable to the lesser outlawry, skoluð menn a. bera ok hér á þingi, en ef menn bera, ok varðar þat útlegð, enda á þat einskis at meta, id.; en ef menn bera þat a. varðar þat fjörbaugsgarð, ii. 272; bera þeir a. guðunum, false witness against the gods, 655 xiii. B. I.
    II. Norse, where it appears to mean contradictory testimony, such as was usually admissible; ok koma eigi a. móti, N. G. L. ii. 89, v. l.; svá er ef einn ber vitni með manni sem engi beri, en tveir sem tíu, ef maðr uggir eigi a. móti, if one bears witness for a man it is as though no man bore witness for him, but two are as good as ten, if a man doth not fear that contradictory evidence will be brought against him, 150.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > and-vitni

  • 52 and-æfa

    ð, [v. andóf; Ivar Aasen andöva and andov], a boating term, to paddle against tide, current, and wind, so as to prevent the boat from drifting astern; þá féll á stormr svá mikill, at þeir fengu eigi betr en andæft, had nothing better than to lay to, Sturl. ii. 121; the vellum MSS. wrongly andhætt.
    2. metaph. in the corrupt form andæpta, to reply feebly against; with dat., ekki er þess getið at Þórðr andæpti þessari vísu, Th. returned no reply to this libel, Sturl. i. 22. Now absol. to speak in a disjointed way, to ejaculate; andæpti skáld upp úr móðu, fram eru feigs götur; skilja sköp, skamt er að landi, brosir bakki mót, of rhymed incoherent words of a poet in the act of sinking beneath the waves, vide Espól. Ísl. Árb. the year 1823, Sigurðr Breiðfjörð in a poem in the Smámunir.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > and-æfa

  • 53 á-drykkja

    u, f. [drekka á], prop. a drinking to, pledging, esp. used n the phrase, at sitja fyrir ádrykkju e-s;—a custom of the olden time. The master of the house, for instance, chose one of his guests as his ‘cup-fellow,’ seated him over against himself in the hall, drank to him, and then sent the cup across the hall to him, so that they both drank of it by turns. This was deemed a mark of honour. Thus, Egill at fyrir ádrykkju Arinbjarnar, Egil sale over against Arinbjorn as his cup-mate, Eg. 253; skal hann sitja fyrir á. minni í kveld, in the pretty story of king Harold and the blind skald Stuf, Fms. vi. 391; cp. annat öndvegi var á hinn æðra pall gegnt konungi, skyldi þar itja hinn æðsti ráðgjafi (the king’s highest councillor) konungs fyrir hans á. ok þótti þat mest virðing at sitja fyrir konungs á., 439; sat Gizurr fyrir á. konungs innarr enn lendir menn, Bs. i. 19. See also the description of the banquet in Flugumyri on the 19th Oct. in the year 1253,—drukku þeir af einu silfrkeri ok mintust við jafnan um daginn þá er hvorr drakk til annars, Sturl. iii. 183.
    COMPD: ádrykkjuker.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > á-drykkja

  • 54 ÁT

    I) prep.
    A. with dative.
    I. Of motion;
    1) towards, against;
    Otkell laut at Skamkatli, bowed down to S.;
    hann sneri egginni at Ásgrími, turned the edge against A.;
    Brynjólfr gengr alit at honum, quite up to him;
    þeir kómust aldri at honum, they could never get near him, to close quarters with him;
    3) to, at;
    koma at landi, to come to land;
    ganga at dómi, to go into court;
    4) along (= eptir);
    ganga at stræti, to walk along the street;
    dreki er niðr fór at ánni (went down the river) fyrir strauminum;
    refr dró hörpu at ísi, on the ice;
    5) denoting hostility;
    renna (sœkja) at e-m, to rush at, assault;
    gerði þá at þeim þoku mikla, they were overtaken by a thick fog;
    6) around;
    vefja motri at höfði sér, to wrap a veil round one’s head;
    bera grjót at e-m, to heap stones upon the body;
    7) denoting business, engagement;
    ríða at hrossum, at sauðum, to go looking after horses, watching sheep;
    fara at landskuldum, to go collecting rents.
    II. Of position, &c.;
    1) denoting presence at, near, by, upon;
    at kirkju, at church;
    at dómi, in court;
    at lögbergi, at the hill of laws;
    2) denoting participation in;
    vera at veizlu, brullaupi, to be at a banquet, wedding;
    3) ellipt., vera at, to be about, to be busy at;
    kvalararnir, er at vóru at pína hann, who were tormenting him;
    var þar at kona nökkur at binda (was there busy dressing) sár manna;
    4) with proper names of places (farms);
    konungr at Danmörku ok Noregi, king of;
    biskup at Hólum, bishop of Holar;
    at Helgafelli, at Bergþórshváli;
    5) used ellipt. with a genitive, at (a person’s) house;
    at hans (at his house) gisti fjölmenni mikit;
    at Marðar, at Mara’s home;
    at hins beilaga Ólafs konungs, at St. Olave’s church;
    at Ránar, at Ran’s (abode).
    III. Of time;
    1) at, in;
    at upphafi, at first, in the beginning;
    at skilnaði, at parting, when they parted;
    at páskum, at Easter;
    at kveldi, at eventide;
    at fjöru, at the ebb;
    at flœðum, at the floodtide;
    2) adding ‘komanda’ or ‘er kemr’;
    at ári komanda, next year;
    at vári, er kemr, next spring;
    generally with ‘komanda’ understood;
    at sumri, hausti, vetri, vári, next summer, &c.;
    3) used with an absolute dative and present or past part.;
    at sér lifanda, duing his lifetime;
    at öllum ásjándum, in the sight of all;
    at áheyranda höfðingjanum, in the hearing of the chief;
    at upprennandi sólu, at sunrise;
    at liðnum sex vikum, after six weeks are past;
    at honum önduðum, after his death;
    4) denoting uninterrupted succession, after;
    hverr at öðrum, annarr at öðrum, one after another;
    skildu menn at þessu, thereupon, after this;
    at því (thereafter) kómu aðrar meyjar.
    IV. fig. and in various uses;
    1) to, into, with the notion of destruction or change;
    brenna (borgina) at ösku, to burn to ashes;
    verða at ormi, to become a snake;
    2) for, as;
    gefa e-t at gjöf, as a present;
    eiga e-n at vin, to have one as friend;
    3) by;
    taka sverð at hjöltum, by the hilt;
    draga út björninn at hlustunum, by the ears;
    kjósa at afli, álitum, by strength, appearrance;
    auðigr at fé, wealthy in goods;
    vænn (fagr) at áliti, fair of face;
    5) as a law term, on the grounds of, by reason of;
    ryðja ( to challenge) dóm at mægðum, kvið at frændsemi;
    6) as a paraphrase of a genitive;
    faðir, móðir at barni (= barns, of a child);
    aðili at sök = aðili sakar;
    7) with adjectives denoting colour, size, age, of;
    hvítr, svartr, rauðr at lit, while, black, red of colour;
    mikill, lítill at stœrð, vexti, tall, small of stature;
    tvítugr at aldri, twenty years of age;
    kýr at fyrsta, öðrum kálfi, a cow that has calved once, twice;
    8) determining the source from which anything comes, of, from;
    Ari nam ok marga frœði at Þuríði (from her);
    þiggja, kaupa, geta, leigja e-t at e-m, to receive, buy, obtain, borrow a thing from one;
    hafa veg (virðing) styrk at e-m, to derive honour, power, from one;
    9) according, to, after (heygðr at fornum sið);
    at ráði allra vitrustu manna, by the advice of;
    at landslögum, by the law of the land;
    at leyfi e-s, by one’s leave;
    10) in adverbial phrases;
    gróa (vera grœddr) at heilu, to be quite healed;
    bíta af allt gras at snøggu, quite bare;
    at fullu, fully;
    at vísu, surely;
    at frjálsu, freely;
    at eilífu, for ever and ever;
    at röngu, at réttu, wrongly, rightly;
    at líku, at sömu, equally, all the same;
    at mun, at ráði, at marki, to a great extent.
    B. with acc., after, upon (= eptir);
    sonr á at taka arf at föður sinn, to take the inheritance after his father;
    at þat (= eptir þat), after that, thereafter;
    connected with a past part. or a., at Gamla fallinn, after the fall of Gamli;
    at Hrungni dauðan, upon the death of Hrungnir.
    1) as the simple mark of the infinitive, to;
    at ganga, at ríða, at hlaupa, to walk, to ride, to run;
    2) in an objective sense;
    hann bauð þeim at fara, sitja, he bade (ordered) them to go, sit;
    gefa e-m at eta, at drekka, to give one to eat, to drink;
    3) denoting design or purpose, in order to (hann gekk í borg at kaupa silfr).
    1) demonstrative particle before a comparative, the, all the, so much the;
    hón grét at meir, she wept the more;
    þykkir oss at líkara, all the more likely;
    þú ert maðr at verri (so much the worse), er þú hefir þetta mælt;
    2) rel. pron., who, which, that (= er);
    þeir allir, at þau tíðindi heyrðu, all those who heard;
    sem þeim er títt, at ( as is the custom of those who) kaupferðir reka.
    conj., that;
    1) introducing a subjective or objective clause;
    þat var einhverju sinni, at Höskuldr hafði vinaboð, it happened once that H.;
    vilda ek, at þú réðist austr í fjörðu, I should like you to go;
    2) relative to svá, denoting proportion, degree;
    svá mikill lagamaðr, at, so great a lawyer, that;
    3) with subj., denoting end or purpose, in order that (skáru þeir fyrir þá (viz. hestana) melinn, at þeir dœi eigi af sulti);
    4) since, because, as (= því at);
    5) connected with þó, því, svá;
    þó at (with subj.), though, although;
    því at, because, for;
    svá at, so that;
    6) temp., þá at (= þá er), when;
    þegar at (= þegar er), as soon as;
    þar til at (= þar til er), until, till;
    áðr at (= á. en), before;
    7) used superfluously after an int. pron. or adv.;
    Ólafr spurði, hvern styrk at hann mundi fá honum, what help he was likely to give him;
    in a relative sense; með fullkomnum ávexti, hverr at (which) þekkr ok þægiligr mun verða.
    V)
    negative verbal suffix, = ata; var-at, was not.
    odda at, Yggs at, battle.
    * * *
    n. [éta, át, edere, A. S. ǽt], the act of eating, in the phrase, at öldri ok at áti, inter bibendum et edendum, Grág. ii. 170, N. G. L. i. 29; át ok drykkja, Fas. ii. 552, Orkn. 200; át ok atvinna, Stj. 143: of beasts, kýr hafnaði átinu, the cow (being sick) would not eat, Bs. i. 194.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > ÁT

  • 55 bágr

    I)
    a. uneasy, awkward (verðr honum nú bág höndin); bágt var mjök um matbjargir, provisions were very scarce.
    m. contest, resistance, in such phrases as, brjóta bág við e-n, to contend against, offer resistance to; fór í bág með þeim, a conflict arose between them; they quarrelled.
    * * *
    1.
    adj. uneasy; honum verðr bag höndin, Fas. iii. 370: eiga bágt is now in Icel. to be poor, bard up: bag-staddr, adj. distressed.
    2.
    m. [cp. Hel. bâgan = contendere, and Icel. bægja below], contest, strife, in such phrases as, fara í bag, to come athwart; for í bag með þeim, they came a cross, Bjarn. 28; í bága (pl.), Bs. i. 622; brjóta bag við e-m, to make a struggle against, Al. 49; Páll postuli braut þar helzt bag við ávalt er öðrum þótti torveldast, Post. 656 C. 24, Fms. viii. 42; koma í bága við, to come intostrife or collision with.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > bágr

  • 56 BEITA

    * * *
    I)
    f. bait, esp. for fish.
    (-tta, -ttr), v.
    1) to ‘cause to bite’, graze, with the animals in dat. (beita nautum), the pasture in acc. (beita haga, land, engi);
    absol. to pasture cattle (beita í skógi);
    beita upp land, to exhaust by grazing;
    beita upp ( to consume) engjum ok heyjum;
    2) to handle, use a weapon (beita sverði);
    3) to hunt or chase (with dogs or hawks);
    beita e-n hundum, to set dogs on one;
    4) fig., beita e-n brögðum, úlögum, illu, to deal cunningly, unlawfully, badly with one;
    recipr., við höfum opt brögðum beizt, schemed against each other;
    5) to harness (a horse, &c.) to a vehicle (beita hest fyrir vagn);
    beittu enn blakka mar, saddle thy black steed;
    fig., beita e-n fyrir e-t, to put one at the head of;
    refl., beitast fyrir e-t or e-u, to lead the cause;
    7) to steer or sail near the wind, to cruise (beita þeir í brot, frá landinu);
    fengu þeir beitt fyrir Skotland, they weathered S.
    * * *
    tt, [v. bita, beit, mordere], prop. mordere facere.
    I. to graze, feed sheep and cattle; the animals in dat., b. svínum, Grág. ii. 231; nautum, Eg. 721: the pasture in acc., b. haga, Grág. ii. 224, 225; engi, 228; afrétt, 302, 329; land, 329, Eg. 721: absol., Grág. ii. 249: with ‘í’ and dat., b. í skógi, 299: ‘í’ with acc., b. svínum í land annars manns, 231: b. upp land (acc.), to spoil the pasture by grazing, lay it bare; beittust þá upp allar engjar, Eg. 712: with dat., b. upp ( to consume) engjum ok heyjum, Fms. vi. 104.
    II. to handle, manage a (cutting) instrument; with dat., b. skutli, a harpoon, Fbr. 144; sverði, a sword, Fms. viii. 96, xi. 270; vápnum, 289.
    III. a nautical term, to cruise, prop. to let the ship ‘bite’ the wind; undu þeir segl sin ok beittu út at Njcirvasundum allfagran byr, Orkn. 356; beita þeir í brott frá landinu, Ld. 76; fengu þeir beitt fyrir Skotland, they sailed round, weathered S., Eg. 405; beittu þá sem þverast austr fyrir landit, 161; b. undir veðrit, to tack, Vb. i. 511; b. í haf út, Orkn. 402: metaph., varð jafnan þeirra hlutr betri, er til hans hnigu, en hinna, er frá beittu, who steered away from him, Fms. viii. 47.
    IV. a hunting term, to hunt (cp. beiða), the deer in acc., the dogs or hawks in dat.; b. e-n hundum, to set hounds on him; konungr sagði at hann skyldi afklæða, ok b. hundum til bana, Fms. ii. 173, x. 326; beita haukum, to chase with hawks, Fas. 1. 175: to chase, svá beitum vér björnuna, Hkr. ii. 369 MS. B, vide bauta; hann … hafði beitt fimm trönur, he had caught five cranes, Fagrsk. 77, where Hkr. l. c. has ‘veitt;’ svá beitu vér bjarnuna á mörkinni norðr, sagði hann, O. H. L. 70, cp. above; verðr Salomon konungr varr at dýr hans eru beitt, biðr. 231; þeir beita bar mart dýr, hjörtu ok björnu ok hindr, 232: metaph. and reflex., b. e-m, sögðu þeir mundu eigi þeim birni bcitast, at deila um mál hans við ofreflismenn slíka, they said they would not hunt that bear, Ölk. 34: metaph., b. e-n brögðum, vélum, vélræðum…, to hunt one down with tricks or schemes; þykist þér nú allmjök hafa komizt fyrir mik í viti, ok beittan brögðum í þessu, Ísl. ii. 164; vélum, 623; úlögum, Sks. 22; illu, Fas. i. 208: recipr., við höfum opt brögðum beizt, … schemed against each other, Fms. xi. 263; stundum beittust þau velræðum, i. 57.
    β. to bait; the bait in dat., the angle in acc.
    V. to yoke to, of horse or cattle for a vehicle, the cattle almost always in acc.; þá vóru yxn fyrir sleða beittir, Eb. 172; bjó sér vagn ok beitti hest, Fms. x. 373, Gkv. 2. 18; ok beittu fyrir tvá sterka yxn, Eb. 176, Grett. 112, Stj. 206: with dat., b. hestum, vagni, to drive; but acc., beittu, Sigurðr, hinn blakka mar, S. saddle thy black steed, Ghv. 18: metaph., b. e-n fyrir e-t, to put one at the head of it, Sks. 710: reflex., beitast fyrir e-t, to lead a cause, to manage it, Ld. 196, Fms. viii. 22, Hkr. ii. 168.
    VI. to hammer iron or metal into plates, v. beit, f.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > BEITA

  • 57 BELLA

    I)
    (bell, ball, —), v. to hit, hurt, with dat. (ball þér nú?); ekki má ófeigum bella, one not fated to die is proof against all shots.
    (-da, -t), v. to dare, venture, with dat.; (hverr mun hafa þessu bellt?); to deal in, display (bella svikum, lygi, gleði).
    * * *
    ball, a defect. strong verb [cp. Lat. pello, Gr. πάλλω,], to hit, hurt, tell upon; with dat., ekki má ófeigum bella, i. e. one not fated to die is proof against all shots, Ísl. ii. 305; tólf berserkjum, þeim er þeir ætluðu, at ekki mundi b., Fas. iii. 140, 149; ok ætluðu sér ekki b. mundu, Ver. 10; ball þér nú, Bófi (did it strike thee?) … Ball víst, sagði hann, ok ball hvergi meir en þú hugðir, Eb. 240; þykir nú sem þeim muni ekki b., Sturl. iii. 237.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > BELLA

  • 58 BETR

    adv. compar.,
    1) better;
    betr þœtti mér, I would rather;
    2) more;
    leggit fram betr hit mikla skipit, bring further forward;
    þrjú hundruð ok þrír tigir ok sex betr, to boot;
    ef hann orkar (or má) betr, if he can do more;
    ekki máttu sumir inenn betr en fá staðizt, they were just able to keep up against him;
    svá hár, at engi annarra tók betr en í öxl honum, reached higher than to his shoulder.
    * * *
    adv., compar. to vel; and BEZT, elder form bazt, superl., better, best:
    1. compar., er betr er, luckily, happily, Fms. ix. 409, Ld. 22; b. þætti mér, I would rather, Nj. 17; vánu betr, Lat. spe melius, Fms. ii. 101; b. úgört, better not to do, Ld. 59; hafa b., to get the better of it, Fb. i. 174: adding gen., þess b., er …, so much the better …, Sks. 426: denoting quantity, more, leggit fram b. hit mikla skipit, advance it farther, better on, Fms. ii. 307; engi maðr tók b. en í öxl honum, v. 67; b. en tuttugu menn, ix. 339; þrjú hundruð ok þrír tigir ok sex b., to boot, Rb. 88; ekki máttu sumir menn b. en fá staðist, i. e. they could do no more, were just able to keep up against him, Fms. xi. 136; ef hann orkar b., if he can do more, Grág. (Kb.) ch. 128; nú má hann b., but if he is able to do more…, id. 2. superl., bazt búið, best equipped, Fas. ii. 523; with a gen., bezt allra manna, Eg. 34; manna bezt, Nj. 147; kvenna bezt hærð, Landn. 151; bazt at báðir væri, cp. Germ. am besten, am liebsten, soonest, Eg. 256.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > BETR

  • 59 bjarn-ylr

    s, m. bear’s warmth, the vital warmth of an ice-bear; it was believed in Icel. (vide Ísl. Þjóðs. i. 610) that a child born on the hide of an ice-bear would be proof against frost and cold; people hardy against cold are therefore said ‘to have bear’s warmth’ (bjarnyl), vide Háv. 39.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > bjarn-ylr

  • 60 BORÐ

    n.
    1) board, plank;
    2) the side of a ship (hlóðu skipin sem borð báru);
    borð á stjórn = stjórnborði;
    hlaupa (steypast, detta) fyrir borð, overboard;
    bera e-n (hlut e-s, mál e-s) fyrir borð, to neglect, slight one;
    verða (allr) fyrir borð borinn, verða allr fyrir borði, to be (quite) thrown overboard, i. e. slighted;
    ganga at borði við e-n, to submit, yield to, to come to terms with one;
    e-n brestr á borði, one fails, is beaten;
    á annat borð, on the other hand; otherwise, else;
    þykkir vera harðr á annat borð, a hard one to pull against;
    3) the inner margin of a vessel between the rim and the liquid (er nú gott berandi borð á horninu);
    4) board, table (used for meals);
    fara, ganga, koma til borðs or undir borð, to go, come to table;
    setjast yfir borð, undir borð, to sit down at table;
    sitja yfir borð or borðum, to sit at table;
    rísa (standa upp) frá borði, to rise from table;
    ryðja borð, to clear the table;
    þjóna fyrir borðum, to wait at table;
    setja e-m borð, to set a table before one;
    borð eru uppi or upp tekin, the tables are set up; but ‘borð eru upp tekin’ may also mean the tables are removed, = borð eru ofan;
    5) board, food, maintenance at table (veita, halda e-m borð);
    bjóða e-m undir borð, to invite one to play at chess.
    * * *
    n. [Ulf. baurd, in fotubaurd = υποπόδιον; Hel. bord = margo; A. S. borð; Engl. board].
    1. a board, plank, Lat. tabula; tók hann þá borð ok lausa viðu, ok rak um þvera stofuna, Grett. 140, N. G. L. i. 100.
    β. of a ship, the side (cp. starboard, larboard); höggr hann þá tveim höndum borð ( sides) skútunnar, ok gengu í sundr borðin ( the planks) um tvau rúm, Nj. 19; þeir Erlingr hjuggu raufar í drómundinum, sumar í kafi niðri, en sumar uppi á borðunum, Fms. vii. 232, Nj. 42; hence the nautical phrases, á borð, on each side; á tvau borð, á bæði borð, on both sides, Eg. 171; með endilöngum borðum, Fms. ii. 273, Eg. 122; leggja borð við borð = síbyrða, to lay a ship alongside of another, so as to board, Fas. ii. 534; bera skip borði, to make the bulwarks rise, Fms. ii. 218; fyrir borð, overboard, Eg. 124, Fms. xi. 140; á borði, on land, Jb. 327; borð 4 stjórn = stjórn-borði, the starboard side, Gþl. 518. The planks in a ship’s side have different names, e. g. aur-borð, skaut-borð, sól-borð.
    2. metaph. phrases, at vera mikill (lítill, nokkur) borði, to be of a high (or lowly) bearing, metaphor from a ship floating high out of, or deep in, the sea, Eg. 8, Sturl. iii. 196: verða (allr) fyrir borð borinn, to be (quite) thrown overboard, i. e. ill-used, Eb. 126, Fær. 234; verða allr fyrir borði, id., Ölk. 35; hans hlutr mundi eigi fyrir borð vera borinn, id., Rd. 239; e-n brestr á borði, to fail, be beaten (metaphor from rowing), Fms. ix. 507; taka skamt frá borði, to fall short, Lv. 45; ganga at borði við e-n, to come to terms, yield, submit, Bs. i. 889; gékk Egill tregt at borð um þetta mál, E. was hard, unyielding, 696; hverigum skyldi úhætt, nema þeir gengi at borði við hann, unless they came to terms with him, 727, 778; á annað borð, on the other hand; harðr maðr á annat borð, a hard one to pull against, Fms. xi. 39: but also on the other hand, otherwise, else; hann vildi með engu móti kalla á Þormóð sér til bjargar, þó at hann félli ofan á annað borð, though he was sure to tumble down otherwise (i. e. unless he called), Fbr. 88; hence freq. in mod. usage, e. g. ef eg á annað borð göri það, i. e. if I do it at all: navig., ganga til borðs, á borð, to go to one’s business, Fagrsk. 167, Bárð. 166.
    3. [A. S. bord = labrum], the margin between the rim of a vessel and the liquid; er nú gott berandi borð á horninu, Edda 32; hence, fjöru-borð, the shore between high and low water, vide 33, 34; cp. the saying, fullt skal frömum bera, þó skal borð á vera, i. e. it is clownish to bring a cup full to the brim, and, fullt skal föntum bera og ekkert borð á vera.
    II. a board, table, Lat. mensa; rísa frá borði, to rise from the board, from table, Rm. 17, or simply and ellipt. rísa, 30; borð is freq. used in pl., as in the old halls small tables were set at meal time, and removed after the meal; hence phrases, borð (pl.) ofan (upp) tekin, the tables being removed, cp. Virgil’s mensisque remotis, Nj. 176, Fms. i. 41, iv. 265, v. 126, Bs. i. 854, Eg. 408; til þess er borð fóru brott, 551; setjast undir borð (pl.), to sit down; sitja undir borðum, to be at table, Nj. 68, Eb. 306; ganga undir drykkju borð, Fms. iii. 93; koma undir borð (acc. pl.), 96; ganga til borða, iv. 114, 129; koma til borðs (sing.), 202, cp. Ó. H. 86, Fms. iv. 246; sitja yfir borðum, iii. 155, iv. 113; sitja yfir matborði, v. 126, viii. 212; sitja yfir borð (acc. pl.), id., Bs. i. 843: the rhyming phrase, vera þar at orði, sem hann er ekki at borði, vide Safn i. 91. It was the custom for kings or princes to give audience or receive poets whilst sitting at table, Fms. vi. 195, Eg. ch. 63.
    β. maintenance at table (cp. Engl. board and lodging); vera á borði með e-m, B. K. 124, D. N. (Fr.): of a chess-board, Bs. i. 635.
    COMPDS: borðamunr, borðavíti, borðstilgangr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > BORÐ

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