arfer

1) season (góð árferð);

2) good luck.

1 n, m, s

habit

2 v

use

* * *

use

arfer

best practice

as usual

1 be accustomed

arferu

2 be accustomed

arferu

3 be accustomed

arferu

4 use

arfer

5 use

arfer

6 use

arfer

rs, m. [ár = annona], gener. a year, season, = árferð; also the produce of the earth brought forth in a year (season), which is at present in the east of Icel. called ársali, v. árferð; skapaðist árangrinn eptir spásögu Jóseps, 655 vii. 4; ok at liðnum þeim vetrum tók á. at spillast, Gþl. 77; mun batna á. sem várar, Þorf. Karl. (A. A.) 111: the mod. use is only metaph., effect, result; so e. g. árangrs-laust, n. adj. without effect, to no effect.

f., mod. árferði, n. season, annona, Fms. i. 51, 86, ix. 51; árferð mun af taka um alla Danmörk, i. e. there will be famine, xi. 7; góð á., Stj. 420; engi á., Grett. 137 A.

1 be accustomed

arferu

2 be accustomed

arferu

3 use

arfer

4 use

arfer

1 be accustomed

arferu

2 be accustomed

arferu

3 use

arfer

4 use

arfer

1 be accustomed

arferu

2 be accustomed

arferu

3 use

arfer

4 use

arfer

1 be accustomed

arferu

2 be accustomed

arferu

3 use

arfer

4 use

arfer

1 be accustomed

arferu

2 be accustomed

arferu

3 use

arfer

4 use

arfer

1 habit

arfer

2 use

arfer

f. fame, renown.

* * *

f. [fragu, vide fregna], good report, fame, renown; til frægðar skal konung hafa, a saying, Fms. vii. 73,—cp. fylki skal til frægðar hafa, Mkv. 6, Fms. i. 99, v. 300; með frægð ok fagnaði, 655 xiii. B. 4.

COMPDS: frægðarferð, frægðarfullr, frægðarlauss, frægðarmaðr, frægðarmark, frægðarsamliga, frægðarskot, frægðarverk.

f. sufficiency, satisfaction; til (nökkurrar) hlítar, tolerably, pretty well; at góðri h., very well indeed.

* * *

f. (hlíta, Fms. viii. 91, v. l., Hkr. i. 199), [Dan. lid], sufficiency, full warranty, security; nú skal ek sjálfr halda vörð, hefði þat fyrr þótt nokkur hlít, Fms. viii. 91; ek mun hafa landráð meðan, ok vættir mik þat sé nokkur hlít slíka stund, xi. 22; bar hann sik at nokkurri hlit ( tolerably well) meðan vér ruddum skipit, iv. 261, Hkr. i. 199; þann er biskupi þykki full hlít, K. Þ. K. 18 (1853); hlít var at því lítil, of small matter, Dropl. (in a verse).

β. adverb. phrases; til hlítar, tolerably, pretty well; árferð var þá til nokkurrar hlítar, Fms. i. 86, vii. 237, Fær. 257, Ó. H. 116; til góðrar hlítar, pretty good, 110, Eg. 590; at goðri hlít, very well indeed, Fms. iv. 250; hlítar vel, well enough, Fas. ii. 268; hlítar fagr, passably fair, Mirm.; skip skipat til hlítar, a ship well manned, Fms. i. 196: in mod. usage, til hlítar, adv. sufficiently, thoroughly, freq.

* * *

(-ta, -tr), v.

1) to spoil, destroy, with dat. (brutu niðr hof ok spilltu blótum); aldri skal hón s. okkru vinfengi, never shall she spoil our friendship; s. fyrir e-m, to spoil one’s condition, do one harm, esp. by slander;

2) to destroy, kill (s. ætla ek báðum);

3) refl., spillast, to be spoiled, damaged; s. við, to grow worse; mun mikit hafa um spillzt, it must have got much worse.

* * *

t, to spoil, destroy, with dat.; brutu niðr hof ok spilltu blótum, Fms. i. 51; þeir spilltu því er þeir máttu eigi með fara, Eg. 385; spilt var slæðunum, 703; spilla íll mál góðum siðum, Bs. i. 271; s. máli e-s, Eg. 418; s. okkru vinfengi, Nj. 49; s. sér í saurlífi, Stj. 55; s. fyrir e-m, to spoil one’s condition, do one harm, Eg. 255, esp. of harming by slander.

II. reflex. to be spoiled, damaged, grow worse, Grág. ii. 288, Hom. 120; spillask við, to get worse, Eg. 566; trú spilltisk, Landn. 117; mun mikit hafa um spilzk, taken a turn for the worse, Ísl. ii. 369; spilltisk skjótt árferð, Fms. i. 51; spillask þá sakarnar, Grág. i. 373:—part. spellandi, a spoiler, Ó. H. 114; um-spillendr: spilltr, spoiled, corrupted.

1) seed (fœra niðr s.);

2) in pl., crops on the field.

* * *

n. [sáð], seed; sálds sæði niðr fært, D. I. i. 476; sá sínu sæði, Barl. 18; rótfesta sæði sitt í hjarta sínu, 5.

2. metaph. seed, offspring, freq. in eccl. usage, kvinnunnar sæði, Abrahams sæði, Bible.

3. plur. crops; þar lét hann hafa sæði ok kallaði at Ökrum, Eg. 136; sláttur ok. sæði, Bjarn. 22; í sæðum Philistinorum, Stj. 413; árferð tók at versna ok sæði manna tóku at bregðask, … eptir um várit fengusk lítil sæði, því at engi gat frækorn at kaupa, Ó. H. 113; þetta var þann tíma, er sæði manna vóru eigi tekin til ávaxtar … er hann gengr sinn veg nær sæðum ( fields) nökkurum, Mar.

(gen. völu; pl. völur), f. prophetess, sibyl, wise woman, witch (fóru þá um landit spákonur, er kallaðar vóru völur).

* * *

u, f., also spelt völfa, gen. völu, pl. völur; völfu. or also völfur or voluur; gen. pl. does not occur; the nom. Vala is erroneous: [the etymology as well as the origin of this word is uncertain; but may not the Norse Völva and the Gr. σίβυλλα be relations? the identity in sense at least is very striking; the Gr. word first occurs in Aristoph., and then in Plato; may it not have been adopted from some Scythian tribe, for a word like this, if Greek, could hardly fail to occur in Homer? in völva an initial s, we suppose, has been lost (qs. svölva); in the Greek the ĭ would be an inserted vowel]:—a prophetess, sibyl, wise woman; völva, seiðkona, spákona (qq. v.) are synonymous. The ancient Sagas contain many remarkable records of the heathen wise-women or sibyls, who were held in honour and reverence; at the great feasts and sacrifices in the autumn, the völva (often a woman of rank) went with her troop of maidens through the country, where she, so to say, crowned the feast; she was seated on a high seat (seiðhjallr) in the hall, where she wrought her spells and sang her ‘weird-songs’ (varðlokur), after which the guests went past her one by one, and she told each his fate, or whatever else one wanted to know, e. g. the course of the coming winter and the like. The former part of the Völuspá is evidently conceived as the inspired song of a völva, seated on her high seat, and addressing Odin, while the gods listen to her words; and the latter part of the poem appears to be a kind of necromancy, or the raising of a dead völva, as also is the lay Vegtamskviða; sú kona var þar í bygð er Þorbjörg hét, ok var kölluð lítil völva, hón hafði áttar sér níu systr, ok vóru allar spákonur, en hón var ein þá á lífi, þat var háttr Þorbjargar um vetrum, at hón fór á veizlur ok buðu þeir menn henni mest heim er forvitni var á at vita forlög sín eða árferð, Þorf. Karl. Names of such wise women, Gróa völva, Edda; Heimlaug völva, Gullþ.; Heiðr völva, Landn. 173; Huldr völva, Yngl. S., Hkr. i. 21; to which add the ‘Weleda’ of Tacitus: class. passages are Þorf. S. ch. 3 (exceedingly interesting), Örvar-Odds S. ch. 3 (Fas. ii. 506), Vd. ch. 10: völu vél-spá, Vsp.; eru völfur allar frá Víðólfi, Hdl.; völva ok vís kona. Vtkv.; þá kom til völva sú er Gróa hét, Edda 58; var á því landi spákona sú er sagði fyrir örlög manna, … þeir fara til móts við völunna, Fb. ii. 28; ek fór í skóg til þín í völvu líki, Fas. i. 135; þóttusk menn vita at þar mundi verst hafa völu-leiði, Ld. 328; þá reið Óðinn fyrir austan dyrr þar er hann vissi völu leiði, Vtkv.; úrsvöl Gýmis völva, of Rán the goddess, Edda (in a verse); at hás völva valdi því bölvi, Kormak; in a bad sense, völva and skollvis kona, Hkv. 1. 34; Tacitus (Germ. ch. 8, 46, and Hist. iv. 61, 65, v. 22, 24) speaks of these practices, as also does Plutarch, Caesar ch. 19,— τα μαντεύματα των ἱερων γυναικων.

COMPDS: Völuspá, Völvustaðir.

(-rs), m.

1) season, = árferð;

2) produce of the earth.

1 be accustomed

arferu

2 be accustomed

arferu

3 use

arfer