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1 apa
1 prep. "after" VT44:36, attested as a prefix in apacenyë and Apanónar, q.v. Variant ep- in epessë, q.v.; see epë for futher discussion. According to VT44:36, apa was glossed after and also before in one late manuscript, but both meanings were rejected. See also apa \# 2 below. For Neo-Quenya purposes, apa should probably be ascribed the meaning "after", as in our most widely-published sources compare Apanónar, the After-born, as a name of Men in the Silmarillion. Variants pa, pá VT44:36, but like apa these are also ascribed other meanings elsewhere; see separate entry. Apo VT44:36 may be yet another variant of the word for "after". 2 prep. denoting "on" with reference to contact of surfaces, especially vertical surface in the sense in which a picture hangs on a wall. Apa is said to have this meaning in various Tolkien manuscripts VT44:26, but apa is also used for "after" see apa \#1 above, and the two were probably never meant to coexist in a single variant of Quenya. The clash may be avoided by consistently using the variants pá, pa q.v. mentioned by Tolkien in the sense of apa \#2. Another variant gives apa, pá on above but touching VT49:18. 3 conj. but: melinyes apa la hé I love him but not him another VT49:15 -
2 pá
1 prep. "on" with reference to contact of surfaces, especially vertical surface in the sense in which a picture hangs on a wall; also used = "touching, as regards, concerning" VT44:26. Another variant gives pá and apa with the meaning on above but touching. 2 Variants of apa "after" VT44:36, which preposition is in one source also ascribed the first meaning here discussed. For Neo-Quenya purposes, pá and pa may be used for "on" or "concerning", whereas apa is used for "after" see entries for apa \#1 and \#2, or pa may also be seen as a shorter form of apa after, as in the phrase yéni pa yéni *years upon years VT44:36 -
3 pa
1 prep. "on" with reference to contact of surfaces, especially vertical surface in the sense in which a picture hangs on a wall; also used = "touching, as regards, concerning" VT44:26. Another variant gives pá and apa with the meaning on above but touching. 2 Variants of apa "after" VT44:36, which preposition is in one source also ascribed the first meaning here discussed. For Neo-Quenya purposes, pá and pa may be used for "on" or "concerning", whereas apa is used for "after" see entries for apa \#1 and \#2, or pa may also be seen as a shorter form of apa after, as in the phrase yéni pa yéni *years upon years VT44:36 -
4 ala
1 imperative particle á, a combined with the negation lá, -la "not" to express a prohibition VT43:22; see lá \#1. Also with 1st person suffix -lyë alalyë and álalyë, VT43:10, 22, VT44:8 and 1st person pl. object suffix -më alamë and álamë, "do not do something to us", as in álaumë/u tulya, "do not lead uus/u", VT43:12, 22. In the essay Quendi and Eldar, negative imperatives are rather indicated by áva, q.v., but this form can well coexist with ala, \#ála. 5 prep. "after, beyond" MC:221, 214; however, LotR-style Quenya has han and pella "beyond" and apa "after" 6 also alar! or alla! interjection "hail, blessed be thou". VT45:5,14 7 noun "day", also alan "daytime". The forms allen, alanen listed after these words could be inflected forms of them, genitive "of daytime", constracted allen = al'nen and uncontracted. However, Tolkien struck out all of this VT45:13. -
5 pó
prep. before, in front of of spatial relationships "after" of time, also opo or pono, poto- VT49:12, 32, VT44:36; evidently a variant of apa -
6 lá
1 adv. no, not" LA, VT45:25 According to VT42:33, lá is the stressed form, alternating with la when the negation is unstressed. In another conceptual phase of Tolkien's, lá had the opposite meaning "yes" VT42:32-33, but this idea is contradicted by both earlier and later material: usually lá is conceived as a negation. The negation can receive tense markers and be used as a negative verb when another verb is not expressed VT49:13, apparently where the phrase is not is followed by a noun or an adjective as a predicate, or where some verb is understood, as in English I do not i.e. I do not do whatever the context indicates. With pronominal endings la- in the aorist, e.g. lanyë I do not, am not etc. Tolkien abandoned the form lamin. Exemplified in the sentence melin sé apa ulanyë/u hé *I love him but uI do not love/u him another person VT49:15. Present tense laia, past lánë, perfect alaië, future lauva. 2 prep. athwart, over, across, beyond PE17:65, also used in phrases of comparison, e.g. "A ná calima lá B", A is bright beyond = brighter than B VT42:32. 3 interjection? "please" reading of gloss uncertain VT45:25 -
7 hé
him the other, etc. in the sentence melin sé apa la hé I love him but not him another VT49:15. It may be that hé covers both genders her as well as him, like sé se is known to do. -
8 opo
prep. before, in front of of spatial relationships; "after" of time, also pó, po or pono, poto VT49:12, VT44:36, evidently a variant of apa. -
9 apo
prep. ?"after" see apa \#1 VT44:36 -
10 epë
prep. "before" in all relations but time, VT49:32, though the word was glossed "after" when first published VT42:32; Bill Welden, the writer of the article in question, later presented this correction in VT44:38. The preposition can indeed express after when used of time, since the Eldar imagined future time time that comes after the present as being before them VT49:12, 32; epë is in this respect a variant of apa, q.v. Cf. VT49:22. Compare epessë, q.v. Epë "before" may also be used in comparison PE17:56, 57, apparently in much the same way as lá \#2 q.v. VT42:32 -
11 po
prep. before, in front of of spatial relationships "after" of time, also opo or pono, poto- VT49:12, 32, VT44:36; evidently a variant of apa
См. также в других словарях:
apă — ÁPĂ, ape, s.f. I. 1. Lichid incolor, fără gust şi fără miros, compus hidrogenat al oxigenului, care formează unul din învelişurile Pământului. ♢ Apă neagră = glaucom. ♢ expr. Apă de ploaie = vorbe fără conţinut, vorbe goale; (concr.) lucru fără… … Dicționar Român
Apa — Cette page d’homonymie répertorie les différents sujets et articles partageant un même nom. {{{image}}} Sigles d une seule lettre Sigles de deux lettres > Sigles de trois lettres … Wikipédia en Français
apa — apa; apa·bhram·sa; apa·da·na; apa·lai; apa·raph·y·sate; apa·re·jo; apa·yao; … English syllables
APA — may stand for: * American Psychiatric Association * American Psychological Association; also ** APA style, a writing format developed by the above * American Psychoanalytic Association * American Psychopathological AssociationAPA may also stand… … Wikipedia
Apa — (del quechua «apa», carga). Al apa (Chi.). A *cuestas. * * * apa1. (Del quechua apa, carga). al apa. loc. adv. Chile. A la espalda, a cuestas … Enciclopedia Universal
APA — Austria Presse Agentur. * * * I APA, Abkürzung für Austria Presse Agentur, österreichische Nachrichtenagentur, gegründet 1946 als genossenschatliches … Universal-Lexikon
APA — abbr. =>> Administrative Procedure Act. Webster s New World Law Dictionary. Susan Ellis Wild. 2000. APA … Law dictionary
apa-? — *apa ? germ., Substantiv: nhd. Wasser, Fluss; ne. water (Neutrum), river (Neutrum); Rekontruktionsbasis: as., ahd.; Etymologie: Lehnwort kelt. apa?; … Germanisches Wörterbuch
APA — (pronunciamos apa ) sustantivo femenino 1. Sigla de Asociación de Padres de Alumnos , España … Diccionario Salamanca de la Lengua Española
APA — 1. abreviatura de la American Psychiatric Association. 2. abreviatura de la American Psychological Association. Diccionario Mosby Medicina, Enfermería y Ciencias de la Salud, Ediciones Hancourt, S.A. 1999 … Diccionario médico
¡apa! — interj. Exclamación con que se *anima uno mismo o anima a otro a levantarse o a *levantar algo. ≃ ¡Aúpa! … Enciclopedia Universal
