-
41 NO
ui, possibly with uito as an emphatic variant (VT49:28-29), lá (also meaning "not)". Ui (uito) and lá are probably used to deny facts, or what others present as facts. In a context of refusal, the interjection vá is to be preferred. It is derived from a stem that "expressed refusal to do what others might wish or urge, or prohibition of some action by others”. Cf also lala, lau, laumë "no, no indeed not, on the contrary; also used for asking incredulous questions". Prefixes "no-, un-": ú-, il-. SAY NO váquet- (forbid, refuse) (1st pers. sg aorist and past váquetin, váquenten are given), ava- (refuse) (pa.t. avanë is given; this verb was "little used in ordinary language". Other forms occur in VT49:13, all with the ending -n “I”: Aorist avan, present ávan or ávëan, future avuvan > auvan, past avanen or aunen, perfect avávien. In one version, the forms ávëan and avanen are marked as poetic or archaic.) –LA, WJ:371 cf. 370, GŪ/UGU/VT46:20, WJ:370, KWET -
42 REFUSE
váquet- (forbid, say no) (1st pers. sg aorist and past váquetin, váquenten are given) avaquet- (forbid) (pa.t. is no doubt *avaquentë; cf. quet- under SAY), ava- (say no). (Pa.t. avanë is given; this verb was "little used in ordinary language". Other forms occur in VT49:13, all with the ending -n “I”: Aorist avan, present ávan or ávëan, future avuvan > auvan, past avanen or aunen, perfect avávien. In one version, the forms ávëan and avanen are marked as poetic or archaic.) –WJ:370, KWET, VT49:13 -
43 SHINE
cala- (fut. caluva is attested), calta-; SHINE WHITE sil- (present tense síla, aorist sg. silë, aorist pl. silir, freq. sisíla- are attested and dual future siluvat are attested), ninquita-; SHINING WHITE (adj) silma (silver) –LT1:254, UT:22 cf. 51, KAL, MC:223, VT49:45, NIK-W, SIL/LotR:94/The Return of the Shadow:324 -
44 sigmatic
сигматический - * aorist сигматический аористБольшой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > sigmatic
-
45 gnomic gnomical
gnomic, gnomical
1> гномический, афористический
_Ex:
gnomic, gnomical aorist _грам. аорист, употребляемый в
афоризмах (поговорках)
_Ex:
gnomic, gnomical poet сочинитель афоризмов (поговорок) -
46 sigmatic
-
47 gnomic
[ʹnəʋmık,ʹnɒmık] aгномический, афористическийgnomic(al) aorist - грам. аорист, употребляемый в афоризмах /поговорках/
gnomic(al) poet - сочинитель афоризмов /поговорок/
-
48 gnomic
['nəumɪk]прил.; книжн.гномический, относящийся к гно́ме см. тж. gnome IIgnomic aorist — лингв. гномический аорист (употребляемый в древнегреческом языке в поговорках, афоризмах)
-
49 preterit
adj.pasado, pretérito. (gramática)s.tiempo pretérito o pasado del verbo. -> aorist -
50 gnomic
a гномический, афористическийgnomic aorist — аорист, употребляемый в афоризмах
-
51 sigmatic
a лингв. сигматический -
52 AFFECT
\#ap- (given as aorist stem apë) (to concern, to touch one) –VT44:26 -
53 APPROPRIATE
(to a special purpose or owner) \#sat- (set aside). The verb \#sat- is cited in the form "sati-", evidently including the connecting vowel of the aorist, as in *satin "I appropriate". –VT42:20 -
54 ARRIVE
The verb ten- is used for this meaning in one source (present tense téna “is on point of arrival, is just coming to the end”). Other attested forms are tenë (aorist; 1st person tenin), pa.t. tennë “arrived, reached” (“usually used with locative not allative”: tennen sís “I arrive[d] here”), perfect eténië, future tenuva “will arrive”. Tolkien subsequently changed ten- to men-, but the latter is elsewhere ascribed the meaning “go”. –VT49:23-24 -
55 BEAR
(vb) \#col- (verb stem isolated from \#colindo "bearer". Cf. mel- "to love", melindo "lover"). \#Col- can also be translated *"wear" [of clothes], cf. the past participle colla "borne, worn". BEAR FRUIT yavin (which must mean *"I bear fruit", stem \#yav-. Tolkien often employs the 1st person aorist when mentioning a verb in his wordlists.) –LotR:989, cf. Letters:308 and MEL, MR:385, LT1:273 (noun) morco –MORÓK -
56 BELIEVE
sav-. This verb is used = “believe (that statements, reports, traditions, etc. are) true, accept as fact” (VT49:27; the first person aorist savin is given). Not used with a person as object (in the sense of believing that this person tells the truth); with a noun, name or pronoun as object, sav- implies “I believe that he/she/it really exists/existed”. To “believe in” someone meaning “believe that (s)he tells the truth” can be paraphrased as (for instance) savin Elesarno quetië “I believe in Elessar’s words” (lit. speaking). –VT49:27-28 -
57 BLESS
manya- (“sc. either to afford grace or help or to wish it”, VT49:41), laita- (praise) (Imperative a laita and future \#laituva are attested, the latter with pronominal endings: laituvalmet, "we shall praise [or bless] them".) The continuative form mánata (*”is blessing”) does according to Carl F. Hostetter imply an aorist stem *manta (VT49:52). The passive participle aistana "blessed" (see below) argues the existence of a verbal stem \#aista- "to bless", but this verb seems etymologically connected to airë "holy" and should probably only be used with reference to more or less "divine" persons (aistana refers to the Virgin Mary in the source), who are "blessed" in the sense of having their holiness recognized and respected. -
58 BLOCK
\#tap- (stop). (Cited in the form tapë, 3 pers sg aorist; misreading "tápe" with a long vowel in the Etymologies as printed in LR: see VT46:17). The pa.t. tampë is given. –TAP/VT46:17 -
59 BOW
(vb) luhta- (Note: a homophone means "enchant"), \#caw- (cited in source as cawin "I bow", 1st pers. aorist; in Tolkien's later conception it would be difficult to account for w in this position, and we should perhaps read *cav- with pa.t. *canwë); BOW (noun) quinga, cú (also = crescent Moon), lúva, cúnë (crescent); RAINBOW helyanwë ("sky-bridge"), Ilweran, Ilweranta (LT2:348 has iluquinga "sky-bow", but this word was obsoleted when Tolkien changed the meaning of ilu from "sky" to "universe".) BOWLEGGED quingatelco (So it is translated, but this must really be a noun: "bow-leg" [quinga + telco]. No Quenya adjectives end in –o, unless this is the only one. Read *quingatelca for "bow-legged"? Cf. one of the other words from the same source, sincahonda, changed from sincahondo in an earlier draft – but at that time Tolkien had already omitted quingatelco and hence did not change its ending: See SD:72.) –VT47:35, LT1:257, SD 68, 72, KWIG, KU3, LT1:256, LotR:1154, LT1:271 -
60 BUILD
\#car- (cited as carin "I make, build", 1st pers. aorist – according to FS and SD:246 the past tense is cárë, but Etym has carnë; writers should probably use the latter form, not to be confused with the adjective carnë "red". The passive participle \#carna *"built, made" is attested in Vincarna *"newly-made" in MR:305.) BUILDING car (card-) (house), ampano (= especially building of wood, wooden hall; umpano in VT45:36 sems to be a variant form), ataquë (construction). BUILDER samno (Þ) (carpenter, wright) –KAR, PAN, VT45:36, TAK, STAB
См. также в других словарях:
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