amiss

* * *

fātum, ī, n. (for, fari), der Ausspruch, I) der Götterspruch, der Weissagespruch, die Weissagung, fata Sibyllina, Cic.: fata, quae Veientes scripta haberent, Cic.: fata implere, Liv. – II) prägn.: A) die durch das ewige Gesetz der Natur unwiderruflich festgesetzte Weltordnung, Cic. de div. 1, 125. Sen. nat. qu. 2, 36, 1. – u. dah. B) das durch die unabänderliche Weltordnung vorherbestimmte, verhängte Lebensschicksal, Lebenslos der Menschen, die Bestimmung, das Geschick, die Schickung, das Verhängnis, griech. εἱμαρμένη u. μοιρα, 1) im allg.: fato rerum prudentia maior, Verg.: omnia fato fieri, Cic.: sic erat in fatis, so stand es im Buche des Schicksals geschrieben, Ov. – fatum mihi instat triste, Hor.: bona peractis iungite fata, Hor.: fatorum novorum exempla transi, Iuven.: Ilio tria fuisse fata, Plaut. – pro captu habent sua fata libelli, Ter. Maur. 1286. – alci fatum est m. folg. Infin., Cic. de fat. 5 u. 28. Sall. Cat. 47, 2: u. alcis fatum est m. Infin., Hyg. fab. 125. p. 108, 11 Schm.: sunt et mea contra fata mihi m. folg. Infin., Verg. Aen. 9, 137. – alcis od. alci fatum est m. folg. Acc. u. Infin., Cic. de div. 2, 20 Hyg. fab. 54 in. – alci fatum est m. folg. ut u. Konj., Hyg. fab. 63 in.: fuit hoc sive meum sive rei publicae fatum, ut etc., Cic. Balb. 58: si fata fuissent, ut caderem, Verg. Aen. 2, 433: fuit eius fati, ut etc., Capit. Ver. 8, 1: esse in

————

fatis, ut etc., Suet. Vesp. 4, 5. – Zuw. v. dem verhängnisvollen Beschluß, Willen der Gottheit, sic fata Iovis poscunt, Verg.: huic fato divûm proles virilis nulla fuit, Verg. – meton., von dem, was jmds. Geschick bestimmt, entscheidet, Plaut. Bacch. 953. Iustin. 20, 1, 16. – personif., Fata, die Schicksalsgöttinnen, die Parzen, Prop. 4, 7, 51. Stat. silv. 5, 1, 259; Theb. 8, 26. Claud. in Ruf. 1, 176. Iuven. 10, 252. Fronto de nepot. amiss. p. 233, 7 N. Gell. 3, 16, 9. Fulg. myth. 1, 7. Corp. inscr. Lat. 2, 3727. Vgl. Preller Röm. Mythol.³ 2, 194. – 2) insbes.: a) die Bestimmung = das natürliche, bestimmte Lebensziel, Zeit u. Stunde, zum Sterben, eintretender Tod (vgl. Krebs-Schmalz Antib.⁷ 1, 582), omen fati, Ahnung seines Todes, Cic. Phil. 9, 9: maturius exstingui vulnere vestro quam fato suo, Cic.: fato cedere, Liv., od. concedere, Plin. pan., aus dem Leben scheiden, sterben: magnis concedere fatis, Val. Flacc.: in fatum concedere, ICt.: fato fungi, seine B. vollenden, aus dem Leben scheiden, sterben, Val. Max. u. Quint.: u. so fato suo fungi, Ov.: fato perfungi, Liv. u. Tac.: so auch fato obire, Tac.: finem vitae sponte an fato implevit, Tac.: fata proferre, das Leben verlängern, Verg. – meton., die Asche des verbrannten Leichnams, Prop. 1, 17, 11. – b) emphat., das Geschick = das Mißgeschick, Verderben, gewaltsamer Tod, impendet fatum aliquod, Cic.: urbs ex faucibus fati erep-

————

ta, Cic.: fata celerrima, Verg.: fata sera, Hor.: – meton., wie Verderben, v. Verderben bereitenden Personen, duo illa rei publicae paene fata (Gabinius et Piso), Cic. Sest. 93. – Nbf. fatus, s. fatus no. II.

fīlum, ī, n. (fingo), der Faden, I) eig.: a) von Lein, Wolle usw., α) übh.: cerei fila, Docht, Sen.: conicere filum in acum, einfädeln, Cels.: circumdare collum filo (um ihn zu messen), Catull.: coëmere fila (Garn), Amm.: velamina filo pleno, dickes Zeug, Ov.: munusculum crasso filo (bildl.), Cic.: capite velato filo, meton. = mit wollener Binde, Liv. 1, 32, 6: u. so filo velatus, Tibull. 1, 5, 15. – Sprichw. (tenui) pendēre filo, unser »an einem seidenen Faden hängen«, d.i. in Gefahr schweben, Ov. ex Pont. 4, 3, 35. Enn. b. Macr. sat. 1, 4, 18; vgl. cum admodum tenui filo suspensa rei publicae salus ex sociorum fide penderet, Val. Max. 6, 4, 1 u. a cuius salute velut filo pendēre statum orbis terrarum exclamabant, Amm. 14, 5, 4. – β) insofern er gesponnen od. verwebt wird, ducere fila, Ov.: tenero pollice fila ducere, Sen.: alia torquere fila, alia ex molli solutoque ducere, Sen.: dextrā leviter deducere fila, Catull.: staminis fila pollice deducere, Hieron.: fila pollice trahere, Mart.: mollia lanae fila carpere, Ambros. – b) von andern Dingen, aranei, Lucr.: deducit aranea filum pede, Ov.: v. Blumen u. Gewächsen, Fasern, Mart.: mel praetenuia fila mittit, zieht Fäden, Plin.: tenui filo stantibus in medio crocis, Staubfäden, Plin.: lyrae, Saite, Ov. – c) der Lebensfaden, an dem die Parzen spinnen (vgl. poëtae colus et fila fatis adsignant, Fronto de amiss.

————

nepot. 2. p. 233, 8 N.), sororum fila trium, Hor.: at tibi nascenti nerunt fatales fortia fila deae, Ov.: triplices deae tua fila resolvent, Ov. – II) übtr.: A) gleichs. das Gewebe = die äußere Form, -Gestalt, -Bildung, forma filumque solis, Lucr.: fil. mulieris, Plaut. (u. so filum non malum, Lucil.): habitus corporis et filum, Varro LL.: totius corporis filum atque habitus, Gell.: fuit decente filo corporis, Amm.: fil. tenue vocis, helle, klare Stimme, Calp. – B) von der Rede, die Form, Manier, das Gepräge (vgl. Seyffert Cic. Lael. 7, 25. p. 175²), orationis tuae, Cic.: argumentandi, Cic.: uberiore filo, Cic. – ⇒ Heteroklit. Plur. fili, Lucan. 6, 460 (vgl. Phocas 4, 5. p. 426, 29 K). Arnob. 1, 59 codd. (wo man jetzt pileus et pileum liest). Verecund. in cantic. Ezech. 5, 5 (im Spicil. Soloesm. 4. p. 74).

mētior, mēnsus sum, īrī ( altindisch māti-ḥ, Maß, griech. μητις, Rat, Klugheit), messen, abmessen, I) eig.: A) im allg.: agrum, Cic.: nummos, das Geld wegen der Menge nicht zählen, sondern messen (mit dem Scheffel usw.), Hor.: pedes syllabis, nach Silben messen (beurteilen), Cic.: metior annum, ich messe das Jahr, d.i. teile es in Monate usw. (sagt Phöbus als Sonne), Ov. – passiv, quinque (circuli) sic in sphaera metiuntur, Hygin. astr. 1, 6: agri glebatim metiebantur, Lact. de mort. pers. 23, 2: iussit metiri campos signarique agros, Gromat. vet. 350, 20: mensa spatia, Cic. de nat. deor. 2, 69: Partiz. subst., bene mensum dabo, ich will gut messen, Sen. nat. qu. 4, 4, 1: bonos viros luctu affici, malos re familiari incolumi frui neque mensum neque pensum fatorum lanificum duco (der Parzen), Fronto de nep. amiss. 2. p. 233, 12 N.: cuius mensa pensaque distincta, Apul. de mund. 3. – B) prägn.: 1) zumessen = messend zuteilen, frumentum exercitui, Cic. u. Caes.: vinum, Hor. – 2) gleichs. messen, durchmessen = durchwandern, durchfahren, durchsegeln, zurücklegen, passieren, sacram viam, von dem gewichtigen Gange eines auf seinen Reichtum stolzen Menschen, Hor.: metiens iter annuum (luna) cursu, Catull.: aquas, Ov.: aequor curru, Verg.: iuga Pyrenes venatibus, Sil.: tantum aberat a continenti Pharos, quantum navis diurno

————

cursu metiri plenis lata velis potest, Sen. – 3) eine Zeit zurücklegen, duas partes lucis menso (sole), Ov.: quoad dies reliquos metiatur annus, Apul. – II) übtr., nach etw. messen, ermessen = beurteilen, m. Abl. des Maßstabes (vgl. Bünem. Lact. 6, 11, 12), omnia quaestu, suis commodis, Cic.: omnia voluptate (nach dem sinnlichen Vergnügen), Cic.: homines virtute, non fortunā, Nep.: odium in se aliorum odio suo in eos, Liv. – m. ex u. Abl., fidelitatem ex mea conscientia metior, ermesse ich infolge (zufolge) meines eigenen Bewußtseins, Planc. in Cic. ep.: me ex te metiris, Quint. – ohne Abl. des Maßstabes, vires suas, Quint.: sua regna, Lucan. – mit Abl. instr., alqd auribus, Cic.: oculo latus, Hor. – ⇒ parag. Infin. metirier, Cic. Arat. 231. – vulg. Futur. metibor, Vulg. psalm. 59, 8. – Partiz. metitus u. Perf. metitus sum, Ulp. dig. 32, 1, 52. § 1. Apul. de Plat. 1, 14. Lact. 6, 11, 12 u.a. Eccl. (s. Rönsch Itala p. 296). – aktive Nbf. metio, wovon meti rem, Fulg. myth. 1. p. 10 M. (Helm p. 6, 16 hat meterem).

pēnsum, ī, n. (pendo), I) die den Sklavinnen als Tagesarbeit zugewogene Wolle, die Wollarbeit, Tagesarbeit, das Pensum, pensa mollia, Verg.: pensa partiri inter virgines, Iustin.: pensa tractare, Ambros.: pensa resolvere, Verg.: lanificium, in quo properant omnium mulierum pensa, Plin.: v. den Parzen, pensum mortale resolvere, den sterblichen Faden auflösen, unsterblich machen, Calp.: bonos viros luctu adfici, malos re familiari incolumi frui, neque mensum neque pensum fatorum lanificum (der Parzen) duco, Fronto de nep. amiss. 2. p. 233, 12 N. – II) übtr., die Aufgabe, die man sich selbst (als Schriftsteller usw.) gestellt hat od. die einem gestellt ist, Cic. u. Liv.: pensum absolvere, Varro.

* * *

* * *

grăvo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [gravis].

To charge with a load, to load, burden, weigh down, oppress (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose).

Lit.:

praefectum castrorum sarcinis gravant,

Tac. A. 1, 20; cf.:

ferus Actora magno Ense gravat Capaneus,

Stat. Th. 10, 257:

non est ingenii cymba gravanda tui,

Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 22:

aegraque furtivum membra gravabat onus,

Ov. H. 11, 38:

gravantur arbores fetu,

Lucr. 1, 253; cf.:

sunt poma gravantia ramos,

Ov. M. 13, 812:

ne, si demissior ibis, Unda gravet pennas,

id. ib. 8, 205:

quia pondus illis abest, nec sese ipsi gravant,

Quint. 1, 12, 10:

stomacho inutilis, nervis inimicus, caput gravans,

Plin. 21, 19, 75, § 128:

minui quod gravet (corpus) quolibet modo utilius,

id. 11, 53, 119, § 284:

ne obsidio ipsa multitudine gravaretur,

Just. 14, 2, 3; 38, 10, 8; so in pass.:

alia die febre commotus est: tertia cum se gravari videret,

weighed down, oppressed, Capitol. Anton. 12; and esp. in perf. part.:

gravatus somno,

Plin. 10, 51, 70, § 136; 26, 1, 4, § 6; 33, 1, 6, § 27:

vino,

Curt. 6, 11, 28:

telis,

id. 8, 14, 38:

ebrietate,

id. 5, 7, 11:

cibo,

Liv. 1, 7, 5:

vino somnoque,

id. 25, 24, 6.—

Esp., to make pregnant:

uterum,

Stat. Th. 2, 614:

gravatam esse virginem,

Lact. 4, 12, 2; id. Epit. 44, 1; cf.: semper gravata lentiscus, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 9, 16; Paul. ex Fest. p. 95, 15. —

Trop.

To burden, oppress, incommode:

nil moror officium, quod me gravat,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 264:

septem milia hominum, quos et ipse gravari militia senserat,

Liv. 21, 23, 6:

sed magis hoc, quo (mala nostra) sunt cognitiora, gravant,

Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 28. —

To make more grievous, aggravate, increase:

tu fortunam parce gravare meam,

id. ib. 5, 11, 30:

quo gravaret invidiam matris,

Tac. A. 14, 12:

injusto faenore gravatum aes alienum,

Liv. 42, 5, 9.—

To lower in tone; hence, gram. t. t., to give the grave accent to a vowel (opp. acuo):

a littera gravatur,

Prisc. 539, 573 P.—

Transf., as v. dep.: grăvor, ātus (lit., to be burdened with any thing, to feel burdened; hence), to feel incommoded, vexed, wearied, or annoyed at any thing; to take amiss, to bear with reluctance, to regard as a burden, to do unwillingly (class.); in Cic. only absol. or with an object-clause, afterwards also constr. with acc.

Absol.:

non gravabor,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 49: quid gravare? id. Stich. 3, 2, 22:

quamquam gravatus fuisti, non nocuit tamen,

id. ib. 5, 4, 40:

ne gravare,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 19:

primo gravari coepit, quod invidiam atque offensionem timere dicebat,

Cic. Clu. 25, 69:

ego vero non gravarer si, etc.,

id. Lael. 5, 17:

nec gravatus senex dicitur locutus esse, etc.,

Liv. 9, 3, 9:

ille non gravatus, Primum, inquit, etc.,

Varr. R. R. 1, 3:

spem ac metum juxta gravatus Vitellius ictum venis intulit,

Tac. A. 6, 3:

benignus erga me ut siet: ne gravetur,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 15.—

With an object-clause:

rogo, ut ne graveris exaedificare id opus, quod instituisti,

Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 164; 1, 23, 107; id. Fam. 7, 14, 1:

ne graventur, sua quoque ad eum postulata deferre,

Caes. B. C. 1, 9:

quod illi quoque gravati prius essent ad populandam Macedoniam exire,

Liv. 31, 46, 4:

tibi non gravabor reddere dilatae pugnae rationem,

id. 34, 38, 3; Curt. 9, 1, 8; 6, 8, 12; Suet. Aug. 34 al.—

With acc.:

Pegasus terrenum equitem gravatus Bellerophontem,

disdaining to bear, throwing off, Hor. C. 4, 11, 27:

at illum acerbum et sanguinarium necesse est graventur stipatores sui,

be weary of supporting, Sen. Clem. 1, 12 fin.:

matrem,

Suet. Ner. 34:

ampla et operosa praetoria,

id. Aug. 72:

aspectum civium,

Tac. A. 3, 59 fin.:

spem ac metum juxta gravatus,

id. ib. 5, 8; Quint. 1, 1, 11.— Hence, adv. in two forms:

grăvātē (acc. to II.), with difficulty or reluctance, unwillingly, grudgingly:

non gravate respondere,

Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 208;

opp. gratuito,

id. Off. 2, 19, 66;

opp. benigne,

id. Balb. 16, 36:

Canius contendit a Pythio ut venderet: gravate ille primo,

id. Off. 3, 14, 59:

qui cum haud gravate venissent,

Liv. 3, 4, 6 Weissenb. (al. gravati):

concedere,

id. 42, 43, 2.— Comp.:

manus et plantas ad saviandum gravatius porrigere,

Front. ad M. Caes. 4, 12 fin. —

grăvanter, with reluctance, unwillingly:

reguli Gallorum haud gravanter venerunt,

Liv. 21, 24, 5 Weissenb. (al. gravate); Cassiod. Varr. 4, 5.

grăvo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [gravis].

To charge with a load, to load, burden, weigh down, oppress (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose).

Lit.:

praefectum castrorum sarcinis gravant,

Tac. A. 1, 20; cf.:

ferus Actora magno Ense gravat Capaneus,

Stat. Th. 10, 257:

non est ingenii cymba gravanda tui,

Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 22:

aegraque furtivum membra gravabat onus,

Ov. H. 11, 38:

gravantur arbores fetu,

Lucr. 1, 253; cf.:

sunt poma gravantia ramos,

Ov. M. 13, 812:

ne, si demissior ibis, Unda gravet pennas,

id. ib. 8, 205:

quia pondus illis abest, nec sese ipsi gravant,

Quint. 1, 12, 10:

stomacho inutilis, nervis inimicus, caput gravans,

Plin. 21, 19, 75, § 128:

minui quod gravet (corpus) quolibet modo utilius,

id. 11, 53, 119, § 284:

ne obsidio ipsa multitudine gravaretur,

Just. 14, 2, 3; 38, 10, 8; so in pass.:

alia die febre commotus est: tertia cum se gravari videret,

weighed down, oppressed, Capitol. Anton. 12; and esp. in perf. part.:

gravatus somno,

Plin. 10, 51, 70, § 136; 26, 1, 4, § 6; 33, 1, 6, § 27:

vino,

Curt. 6, 11, 28:

telis,

id. 8, 14, 38:

ebrietate,

id. 5, 7, 11:

cibo,

Liv. 1, 7, 5:

vino somnoque,

id. 25, 24, 6.—

Esp., to make pregnant:

uterum,

Stat. Th. 2, 614:

gravatam esse virginem,

Lact. 4, 12, 2; id. Epit. 44, 1; cf.: semper gravata lentiscus, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 9, 16; Paul. ex Fest. p. 95, 15. —

Trop.

To burden, oppress, incommode:

nil moror officium, quod me gravat,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 264:

septem milia hominum, quos et ipse gravari militia senserat,

Liv. 21, 23, 6:

sed magis hoc, quo (mala nostra) sunt cognitiora, gravant,

Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 28. —

To make more grievous, aggravate, increase:

tu fortunam parce gravare meam,

id. ib. 5, 11, 30:

quo gravaret invidiam matris,

Tac. A. 14, 12:

injusto faenore gravatum aes alienum,

Liv. 42, 5, 9.—

To lower in tone; hence, gram. t. t., to give the grave accent to a vowel (opp. acuo):

a littera gravatur,

Prisc. 539, 573 P.—

Transf., as v. dep.: grăvor, ātus (lit., to be burdened with any thing, to feel burdened; hence), to feel incommoded, vexed, wearied, or annoyed at any thing; to take amiss, to bear with reluctance, to regard as a burden, to do unwillingly (class.); in Cic. only absol. or with an object-clause, afterwards also constr. with acc.

Absol.:

non gravabor,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 49: quid gravare? id. Stich. 3, 2, 22:

quamquam gravatus fuisti, non nocuit tamen,

id. ib. 5, 4, 40:

ne gravare,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 19:

primo gravari coepit, quod invidiam atque offensionem timere dicebat,

Cic. Clu. 25, 69:

ego vero non gravarer si, etc.,

id. Lael. 5, 17:

nec gravatus senex dicitur locutus esse, etc.,

Liv. 9, 3, 9:

ille non gravatus, Primum, inquit, etc.,

Varr. R. R. 1, 3:

spem ac metum juxta gravatus Vitellius ictum venis intulit,

Tac. A. 6, 3:

benignus erga me ut siet: ne gravetur,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 15.—

With an object-clause:

rogo, ut ne graveris exaedificare id opus, quod instituisti,

Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 164; 1, 23, 107; id. Fam. 7, 14, 1:

ne graventur, sua quoque ad eum postulata deferre,

Caes. B. C. 1, 9:

quod illi quoque gravati prius essent ad populandam Macedoniam exire,

Liv. 31, 46, 4:

tibi non gravabor reddere dilatae pugnae rationem,

id. 34, 38, 3; Curt. 9, 1, 8; 6, 8, 12; Suet. Aug. 34 al.—

With acc.:

Pegasus terrenum equitem gravatus Bellerophontem,

disdaining to bear, throwing off, Hor. C. 4, 11, 27:

at illum acerbum et sanguinarium necesse est graventur stipatores sui,

be weary of supporting, Sen. Clem. 1, 12 fin.:

matrem,

Suet. Ner. 34:

ampla et operosa praetoria,

id. Aug. 72:

aspectum civium,

Tac. A. 3, 59 fin.:

spem ac metum juxta gravatus,

id. ib. 5, 8; Quint. 1, 1, 11.— Hence, adv. in two forms:

grăvātē (acc. to II.), with difficulty or reluctance, unwillingly, grudgingly:

non gravate respondere,

Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 208;

opp. gratuito,

id. Off. 2, 19, 66;

opp. benigne,

id. Balb. 16, 36:

Canius contendit a Pythio ut venderet: gravate ille primo,

id. Off. 3, 14, 59:

qui cum haud gravate venissent,

Liv. 3, 4, 6 Weissenb. (al. gravati):

concedere,

id. 42, 43, 2.— Comp.:

manus et plantas ad saviandum gravatius porrigere,

Front. ad M. Caes. 4, 12 fin. —

grăvanter, with reluctance, unwillingly:

reguli Gallorum haud gravanter venerunt,

Liv. 21, 24, 5 Weissenb. (al. gravate); Cassiod. Varr. 4, 5.

grăvo, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [gravis].

To charge with a load, to load, burden, weigh down, oppress (mostly poet. and in postAug. prose).

Lit.:

praefectum castrorum sarcinis gravant,

Tac. A. 1, 20; cf.:

ferus Actora magno Ense gravat Capaneus,

Stat. Th. 10, 257:

non est ingenii cymba gravanda tui,

Prop. 3, 3 (4, 2), 22:

aegraque furtivum membra gravabat onus,

Ov. H. 11, 38:

gravantur arbores fetu,

Lucr. 1, 253; cf.:

sunt poma gravantia ramos,

Ov. M. 13, 812:

ne, si demissior ibis, Unda gravet pennas,

id. ib. 8, 205:

quia pondus illis abest, nec sese ipsi gravant,

Quint. 1, 12, 10:

stomacho inutilis, nervis inimicus, caput gravans,

Plin. 21, 19, 75, § 128:

minui quod gravet (corpus) quolibet modo utilius,

id. 11, 53, 119, § 284:

ne obsidio ipsa multitudine gravaretur,

Just. 14, 2, 3; 38, 10, 8; so in pass.:

alia die febre commotus est: tertia cum se gravari videret,

weighed down, oppressed, Capitol. Anton. 12; and esp. in perf. part.:

gravatus somno,

Plin. 10, 51, 70, § 136; 26, 1, 4, § 6; 33, 1, 6, § 27:

vino,

Curt. 6, 11, 28:

telis,

id. 8, 14, 38:

ebrietate,

id. 5, 7, 11:

cibo,

Liv. 1, 7, 5:

vino somnoque,

id. 25, 24, 6.—

Esp., to make pregnant:

uterum,

Stat. Th. 2, 614:

gravatam esse virginem,

Lact. 4, 12, 2; id. Epit. 44, 1; cf.: semper gravata lentiscus, Cic. poët. Div. 1, 9, 16; Paul. ex Fest. p. 95, 15. —

Trop.

To burden, oppress, incommode:

nil moror officium, quod me gravat,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 264:

septem milia hominum, quos et ipse gravari militia senserat,

Liv. 21, 23, 6:

sed magis hoc, quo (mala nostra) sunt cognitiora, gravant,

Ov. Tr. 4, 6, 28. —

To make more grievous, aggravate, increase:

tu fortunam parce gravare meam,

id. ib. 5, 11, 30:

quo gravaret invidiam matris,

Tac. A. 14, 12:

injusto faenore gravatum aes alienum,

Liv. 42, 5, 9.—

To lower in tone; hence, gram. t. t., to give the grave accent to a vowel (opp. acuo):

a littera gravatur,

Prisc. 539, 573 P.—

Transf., as v. dep.: grăvor, ātus (lit., to be burdened with any thing, to feel burdened; hence), to feel incommoded, vexed, wearied, or annoyed at any thing; to take amiss, to bear with reluctance, to regard as a burden, to do unwillingly (class.); in Cic. only absol. or with an object-clause, afterwards also constr. with acc.

Absol.:

non gravabor,

Plaut. Trin. 5, 2, 49: quid gravare? id. Stich. 3, 2, 22:

quamquam gravatus fuisti, non nocuit tamen,

id. ib. 5, 4, 40:

ne gravare,

Ter. Ad. 5, 8, 19:

primo gravari coepit, quod invidiam atque offensionem timere dicebat,

Cic. Clu. 25, 69:

ego vero non gravarer si, etc.,

id. Lael. 5, 17:

nec gravatus senex dicitur locutus esse, etc.,

Liv. 9, 3, 9:

ille non gravatus, Primum, inquit, etc.,

Varr. R. R. 1, 3:

spem ac metum juxta gravatus Vitellius ictum venis intulit,

Tac. A. 6, 3:

benignus erga me ut siet: ne gravetur,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 6, 15.—

With an object-clause:

rogo, ut ne graveris exaedificare id opus, quod instituisti,

Cic. de Or. 1, 35, 164; 1, 23, 107; id. Fam. 7, 14, 1:

ne graventur, sua quoque ad eum postulata deferre,

Caes. B. C. 1, 9:

quod illi quoque gravati prius essent ad populandam Macedoniam exire,

Liv. 31, 46, 4:

tibi non gravabor reddere dilatae pugnae rationem,

id. 34, 38, 3; Curt. 9, 1, 8; 6, 8, 12; Suet. Aug. 34 al.—

With acc.:

Pegasus terrenum equitem gravatus Bellerophontem,

disdaining to bear, throwing off, Hor. C. 4, 11, 27:

at illum acerbum et sanguinarium necesse est graventur stipatores sui,

be weary of supporting, Sen. Clem. 1, 12 fin.:

matrem,

Suet. Ner. 34:

ampla et operosa praetoria,

id. Aug. 72:

aspectum civium,

Tac. A. 3, 59 fin.:

spem ac metum juxta gravatus,

id. ib. 5, 8; Quint. 1, 1, 11.— Hence, adv. in two forms:

grăvātē (acc. to II.), with difficulty or reluctance, unwillingly, grudgingly:

non gravate respondere,

Cic. de Or. 1, 48, 208;

opp. gratuito,

id. Off. 2, 19, 66;

opp. benigne,

id. Balb. 16, 36:

Canius contendit a Pythio ut venderet: gravate ille primo,

id. Off. 3, 14, 59:

qui cum haud gravate venissent,

Liv. 3, 4, 6 Weissenb. (al. gravati):

concedere,

id. 42, 43, 2.— Comp.:

manus et plantas ad saviandum gravatius porrigere,

Front. ad M. Caes. 4, 12 fin. —

grăvanter, with reluctance, unwillingly:

reguli Gallorum haud gravanter venerunt,

Liv. 21, 24, 5 Weissenb. (al. gravate); Cassiod. Varr. 4, 5.

insulsus, a, um, adj. [2. in-salsus], unsalted, insipid.

Lit.:

amurcā insulsā perfundunt sulcos,

Col. 2, 9:

gula,

that longs for tasteless things, Cic. Att. 13, 31, 4. — Comp.:

cibus insulsior,

Hier. Ep. 22, 40.—

Trop.

Bungling, awkward:

Tyndaris illa bipennem insulsam et fatuam dextra laevaque tenebat,

Juv. 6, 658.—

Tasteless, insipid, silly, absurd:

non insulsum huic ingeniumst,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 79:

est etiam in verbo positum non insulsum genus (ridiculi),

Cic. de Or. 2, 64:

multa (in sermone) nec illitterata, nec insulsa esse videntur,

id. Fam. 9, 16:

adulescens,

id. Cael. 29:

acuti, nec insulsi hominis sententia,

id. Tusc. 1, 8.— Sup.:

insulsissimus homo,

Cat. 17, 12.—As subst.: insulsae, ārum, f. (sc mulieres), silly creatures, Cic. Att. 9, 10, 2. — Adv.: insulsē, tastelessly, insipidly, foolishly, absurdly:

aliquid facere,

Cic. Att. 15, 4:

insulse, arroganter dicere,

id. ib. 5, 10:

non insulse interpretari,

not amiss, not badly, id. de Or. 2, 54.— Comp.:

nihil potest dici insulsius,

Gell. 16, 12.— Sup.:

haec etiam addit insulsissime,

Gell. 12, 2, 6.

insulsus, a, um, adj. [2. in-salsus], unsalted, insipid.

Lit.:

amurcā insulsā perfundunt sulcos,

Col. 2, 9:

gula,

that longs for tasteless things, Cic. Att. 13, 31, 4. — Comp.:

cibus insulsior,

Hier. Ep. 22, 40.—

Trop.

Bungling, awkward:

Tyndaris illa bipennem insulsam et fatuam dextra laevaque tenebat,

Juv. 6, 658.—

Tasteless, insipid, silly, absurd:

non insulsum huic ingeniumst,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 79:

est etiam in verbo positum non insulsum genus (ridiculi),

Cic. de Or. 2, 64:

multa (in sermone) nec illitterata, nec insulsa esse videntur,

id. Fam. 9, 16:

adulescens,

id. Cael. 29:

acuti, nec insulsi hominis sententia,

id. Tusc. 1, 8.— Sup.:

insulsissimus homo,

Cat. 17, 12.—As subst.: insulsae, ārum, f. (sc mulieres), silly creatures, Cic. Att. 9, 10, 2. — Adv.: insulsē, tastelessly, insipidly, foolishly, absurdly:

aliquid facere,

Cic. Att. 15, 4:

insulse, arroganter dicere,

id. ib. 5, 10:

non insulse interpretari,

not amiss, not badly, id. de Or. 2, 54.— Comp.:

nihil potest dici insulsius,

Gell. 16, 12.— Sup.:

haec etiam addit insulsissime,

Gell. 12, 2, 6.

pecco, āvi, ātum, 1, v. n. and a. [often referred to Sanscr. pāpa, pāpaka, wicked; but better to root pik-, to be angry; cf.: piget, pigeo, and Fick, Vergl. Wört. 632], to miss or mistake any thing; to do amiss, to transgress, to commit a fault, to offend, sin:

peccare est tamquam transilire lineas,

Cic. Par. 3, 1, 20:

alius magis alio vel peccat vel recte facit,

id. Fin. 3, 14, 48; id. Or. 47, 157:

peccare largiter,

to make a great mistake, Plaut. Most. 2, 2, 8; id. Ep. 3, 4, 53.—With acc.:

si unam peccavisses syllabam,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 29: aliquid, to offend in any respect:

plura in aliquā re,

Ter. Ad. 1, 2, 44:

Empedocles multa alia peccat,

Cic. N. D. 1, 12, 29:

eadem fere,

id. ib. 1, 12, 31:

talia peccandi jam mihi finis erit,

Ov. P. 3, 7, 10.—With in and acc.:

si quid in te peccavi... in me ipsum peccavi vehementius,

Cic. Att. 3, 15, 4:

in rem publicam,

id. ib. 7, 1, 3 (al. in re publicā).—With erga aliquem, Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 62.— In aliquo or in aliquā re:

quod in eo (Valerio) peccandi Germanis causa non esset,

Caes. B. G. 1, 47:

in servo necando semel peccatur,

Cic. Par. 3, 2, 25:

in hoc eodem peccat Hieronymus,

id. Fin. 2, 10, 32:

non modo in vitā sed saepissime et in poëmatis et in oratione peccatur,

id. Or. 21, 70.—With abl. alone:

et pecuniā et mollibus consultis,

Tac. A. 1, 40:

libidine,

Juv. 6, 135.—With dat. of person (late Lat.):

Domino,

Vulg. Deut. 1, 41; id. 2 Reg. 12, 13.— De aliquă re, Caecil. ap. Gell. 2, 23, 13.—

In partic., of sexual sin:

quid inter-Est in matronā, ancillā, peccesve togatā?

Hor. S. 1, 2, 63; Ov. H. 16, 295; Mart. 1, 35, 2.—

Transf., of animals and inanim. things, to fail, miscarry:

ne Peccet (equus) ad extremum ridendus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 9:

unus de toto peccaverat orbe comarum Anulus,

Mart. 2, 66, 1:

si senseris vina peccatura,

Pall. 11, 14.—Hence, peccans, antis, P. a., sinful, full of sin:

unus dies bene actus peccanti immortalitati anteponendus,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 2, 5.— Comp.:

peccantius,

more faulty, worse, Cael. Aur. Acut. 3, 8, 88.—

As subst.: peccans, antis, comm., an offender, sinner: non prodest latere peccantibus. Sen. Ep. 97, 13:

peccantium poena,

id. ib. 97, 14:

ad officium peccantes redire cogeret,

Nep. Ages. 5, 3.— Adv.: peccanter, wrongly, incorrectly, falsely, Cael. Aur. Acut. 2, 9, 40:

definire aliquid,

id. ib. 3, 1, 5.

prāvus, a, um, adj. [cf. Sanscr. prahva, crooked], crooked, not straight, distorted, misshapen, deformed (opp. rectus; class.).

Lit.:

prava, cubantia, prona, supina atque absona tecta,

Lucr. 4, 517:

si quae in membris prava, aut debilitata aut imminuta sunt,

Cic. Fin. 5, 17, 46:

talus,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 48.— Absol.: in pravum, into crookedness (post-Aug.):

elapsi in pravum artus,

Tac. H. 4, 81:

quae in pravum induruerunt,

Quint. 1, 3, 12.—

Trop., perverse, irregular, improper, wrong, vicious, bad (syn.: improbus, malus, nequam).

Of living beings:

pravus factus est,

Plaut. Bacch. 3, 3, 8:

impulsores,

Tac. H. 4, 68:

pravissimus homo,

Vell. 2, 80, 3:

quae belua ruptis, Cum semel effugit, reddit se prava catenis? i. e. stulta, incauta,

Hor. S. 2, 7, 71.—

With gen. ( poet.):

pravus fidei,

faithless, Sil. 3, 253:

pravus togae,

id. 8, 260:

audendi pravus,

id. 12, 464.—

Of things:

nihil pravum, perversum,

Cic. Rosc. Com. 10, 30:

affectio,

id. Tusc. 4, 13, 29:

dociles imitandis Turpibus et pravis omnes sumus,

Juv. 14, 40:

a rectis in vitia, a vitiis in prava, a pravis in praecipitia pervenitur,

Vell. 2, 10, 1:

ad honesta, seu prava juxta levis,

Tac. A. 11, 33:

aemulatio,

id. H. 4, 48:

spes,

id. A. 3, 56.— Comp.: quo pravius nihil esse possit, Cic. Tusc. 3, 33, 80.— Sup.:

pravissima consuetudinis regula,

Cic. Brut. 74, 258.— Absol.: in pravum, in perversity:

frangas citius, quam corrigas, quae in pravum induruerunt,

Quint. 1, 3, 12.—Hence, adv.: prāvē, crookedly; trop., improperly, wrongly, amiss, ill, badly (opp. recte;

class.): hoc mihi videtur factum prave,

Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 24:

prave (facta), opp. recte facta,

Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37:

ille porro male, prave, nequiter, turpiter cenabat,

id. Fin. 2, 8, 25:

prave sectus unguis,

Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 104:

sive ego prave, Seu recte hoc volui,

id. S. 2, 3, 87:

prave facti versus,

id. Ep. 2, 1, 266:

pudens prave,

id. A. P. 88:

prave aliquid intellegere,

Plin. 17, 9, 8, § 57:

prave detorta verba,

Tac. A. 6, 5:

facundus,

id. ib. 1, 53:

prave et perperam appellare,

Gell. 4, 9, 4.— Sup.: pravissume, Sall. Or. Lepidi adv. Sull.