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1 сільськогосподарський орендар
Українсько-англійський юридичний словник > сільськогосподарський орендар
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2 landwirtschaftlicher Pächter
landwirtschaftlicher Pächter m VERSICH, WIWI agricultural tenant, tenant farmer* * *m <Versich, Vw> agricultural tenant, tenant farmer* * *landwirtschaftlicher Pächter
agricultural (farm) tenantBusiness german-english dictionary > landwirtschaftlicher Pächter
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3 landwirtschaftliche Pächterin
landwirtschaftliche Pächterin f VERSICH, WIWI agricultural tenant, tenant farmer* * *f <Versich, Vw> agricultural tenant, tenant farmerBusiness german-english dictionary > landwirtschaftliche Pächterin
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4 землевладелец
1) General subject: land-owner, landowner, landed proprietor, landlord, Land Employer2) Agriculture: (крупный) landlord, property owner4) Law: absentee landlord, agricultural landlord, agricultural tenant, land tenant, landman, land possessor5) Economy: land holder, owner of an estate6) Accounting: farmer7) Architecture: country gentleman, squire, tenant8) Scottish language: laird9) Business: ground landlord10) leg.N.P. landholder -
5 сельскохозяйственный арендатор
Law: agricultural tenantУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > сельскохозяйственный арендатор
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6 སྡད་གྲོང་
[sdad grong]freehold house, resident owner, not occupied by agricultural tenant -
7 Pächter
Pächter
tenant, lessee, leaseholder, renter, rent payer, occupier (Br.), (Landwirtschaft) farmer, holder, sharecropper (US);
• abgehender Pächter waygoing tenant;
• alleinberechtigter Pächter tenant in severalty;
• jederzeit kündbarer Pächter tenant at will, occupant at sufferance;
• landwirtschaftlicher Pächter agricultural (farm) tenant;
• neuer Pächter incoming tenant;
• übernehmender Pächter in-going tenant;
• zur Barzahlung verpflichteter Pächter cash tenant (US);
• in Naturalien zahlender Pächter share tenant;
• Pächter eines Domänengutes tenant of a demesne;
• Pächter auf Geldbasis cash tenant (US);
• Pächter auf Lebenszeit tenant for life;
• Pächter auf bestimmte Zeit tenant for years;
• Pächter abmeiern to turn out a farmer;
• als Pächter annehmen to grant a lease;
• als Pächter besitzen to hold on lease. -
8 Voelcker, John Augustus
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 24 June 1854 Cirencester, Englandd. 1937 England[br]English agricultural chemist.[br]John Augustus Voelcker, as the son of Dr John Christopher Voelcker, grew up in an atmosphere of scientific agriculture and would have had contact with the leading agriculturists of the day. He was educated at University College School and then University College, London, where he obtained both a BA and a BSc Following in his father's footsteps, he studied for his PhD at Giessen University in Germany. At college he enjoyed athletics, an interest he was to pursue for the rest of his life. He decided to take up agricultural chemistry and was to succeed to all the public offices once held by his father, from whom he also took over the directorship of Woburn Farm. The experimental farm had been started in 1876 and was used to study the residual effects of chemicals in the soil. The results of these studies were used as the basis for compensation awards to tenant farmers giving up their farms. Voelcker broadened the range of studies to include trace elements in the soil, but by 1921 the Royal Agricultural Society of England had decided to give up the farm. This was a blow to Voelcker and occurred just before experiments elsewhere highlighted the importance of these elements to healthy plant growth. He continued the research at his own expense until the Rothampsted Experimental Station took over the farm in 1926. Aside from his achievements in Britain, Voelcker undertook a study tour of India in 1890, the report on which led to the appointment of an Agricultural Chemist, and the establishment of a scientific service for the Indian subcontinent.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsPresident, Royal Society of Public Analysts. Member of Council, Chemical Society, and Institute of Chemistry. Chairman, Farmers' Club.BibliographyMost of his publications were in the Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England, for which he wrote an annual report, and in another series of reports relating to Woburn Farm. The Improvements of Indian Agriculture was the result of his tour in 1890.Further ReadingJ.H.Gilbert, 1937, obituary Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society of England, pp. 464–8.Sir E.John Russell, A History of Agricultural Science in Great Britain.APBiographical history of technology > Voelcker, John Augustus
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9 Bell, Revd Patrick
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 1799 Auchterhouse, Scotlandd. 22 April 1869 Carmyllie, Scotland[br]Scottish inventor of the first successful reaping machine.[br]The son of a Forfarshire tenant farmer, Patrick Bell obtained an MA from the University of St Andrews. His early association with farming kindled an interest in engineering and mechanics and he was to maintain a workshop not only on his father's farm, but also, in later life, at the parsonage at Carmyllie.He was still studying divinity when he invented his reaping machine. Using garden shears as the basis of his design, he built a model in 1827 and a full-scale prototype the following year. Not wishing the machine to be seen during his early experiments, he and his brother planted a sheaf of oats in soil laid out in a shed, and first tried the machine on this. It cut well enough but left the straw in a mess behind it. A canvas belt system was devised and another secret trial in the barn was followed by a night excursion into a field, where corn was successfully harvested.Two machines were at work during 1828, apparently achieving a harvest rate of one acre per hour. In 1832 there were ten machines at work, and at least another four had been sent to the United States by this time. Despite their success Bell did not patent his design, feeling that the idea should be given free to the world. In later years he was to regret the decision, feeling that the many badly-made imitations resulted in its poor reputation and prevented its adoption.Bell's calling took precedence over his inventive interests and after qualifying he went to Canada in 1833, spending four years in Fergus, Ontario. He later returned to Scotland and be-came the minister at Carmyllie, with a living of £150 per annum.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsLate in the day he was honoured for his part in the development of the reaping machine. He received an honorary degree from the University of St Andrews and in 1868 a testimonial and £1,000 raised by public subscription by the Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland.Bibliography1854, Journal of Agriculture (perhaps stung by other claims, Bell wrote his own account).Further ReadingG.Quick and W.Buchele, 1978, The Grain Harvesters, American Society of Agricultural Engineers (gives an account of the development of harvesting machinery).L.J.Jones, 1979, History of Technology, pp. 101–48 (gives a critical assessment of the various claims regarding the originality of the invention).J.Hendrick, 1928, Transactions of the Highland and Agricultural Society of Scotland, pp.51–69 (provides a celebration of Bell's achievement on its centenary).AP -
10 Bakewell, Robert
SUBJECT AREA: Agricultural and food technology[br]b. 23 May 1725 Loughborough, Englandd. 1 October 1795 Loughborough, England[br]English livestock breeder who pioneered the practice of progeny testing for selecting breeding stock; he is particularly associated with the development of the Improved Leicester breed of sheep.[br]Robert Bakewell was the son of the tenant farming the 500-acre (200 hectare) Dishley Grange Farm, near Loughborough, where he was born. The family was sufficiently wealthy to allow Robert to travel, which he began to do at an early age, exploring the farming methods of the West Country, Norfolk, Ireland and Holland. On taking over the farm he continued the development of the irrigation scheme begun by his father. Arthur Young visited the farm during his tour of east England in 1771. At that time it consisted of 440 acres (178 hectares), 110 acres (45 hectares) of which were arable, and carried a stock of 60 horses, 400 sheep and 150 other assorted beasts. Of the arable land, 30 acres (12 hectares) were under root crops, mainly turnips.Bakewell was not the first to pioneer selective breeding, but he was the first successfully to apply selection to both the efficiency with which an animal utilized its food, and its physical appearance. He always had a clear idea of the animal he wanted, travelled extensively to collect a range of animals possessing the characteristics he sought, and then bred from these towards his goal. He was aware of the dangers of inbreeding, but would often use it to gain the qualities he wanted. His early experiments were with Longhorn cattle, which he developed as a meat rather than a draught animal, but his most famous achievement was the development of the Improved Leicester breed of sheep. He set out to produce an animal that would put on the most meat in the least time and with the least feeding. As his base he chose the Old Leicester, but there is still doubt as to which other breeds he may have introduced to produce the desired results. The Improved Leicester was smaller than its ancestor, with poorer wool quality but with greatly improved meat-production capacity.Bakewell let out his sires to other farms and was therefore able to study their development under differing conditions. However, he made stringent rules for those who hired these animals, requiring the exclusive use of his rams on the farms concerned and requiring particular dietary conditions to be met. To achieve this control he established the Dishley Society in 1783. Although his policies led to accusations of closed access to his stock, they enabled him to keep a close control of all offspring. He thereby pioneered the process now recognized as "progeny testing".Bakewell's fame and that of his farm spread throughout the country and overseas. He engaged in an extensive correspondence and acted as host to all of influence in British and overseas agriculture, but it would appear that he was an over-generous host, since he is known to have been in financial difficulties in about 1789. He was saved from bankruptcy by a public subscription raised to allow him to continue with his breeding experiments; this experience may well have been the reason why he was such a staunch advocate of State funding of agricultural research.[br]Further ReadingWilliam Houseman, 1894, biography, Journal of the Royal Agricultural Society. 1–31. H.C.Parsons, 1957, Robert Bakewell (contains a more detailed account).R.Trow Smith, 1957, A History of British Livestock Husbandry to 1700, London: Routledge \& Kegan Paul.—A History of British Livestock Husbandry 1700 to 1900 (places Bakewell within the context of overall developments).M.L.Ryder, 1983, Sheep and Man, Duckworth (a scientifically detailed account which deals with Bakewell within the context of its particular subject).AP -
11 Pachtherr
Pachtherr
lessor, landlord;
• Pachthof leased farm, barton;
• Pachtinhaber [sitting] tenant;
• Pachtjahr tenancy year;
• Pachtland leasable area, leased (rented) land, leasehold land, agricultural holding (Br.), manor (US);
• Pachtmakler leasemonger;
• Pachtnachlass remission of rent;
• Pachtobjekt leased object;
• Pacht-, Abgaben- und Steuerpflicht obligation to pay rent, rates and taxes;
• Pachtpreis rent, rental;
• Pachtpreisindex rent index;
• Pachtrecht übertragen to surrender a leasehold estate;
• Pachtrechtübertragung bei Zwangsveräußerung wegen rückständiger Steuern tax lease;
• Pachtrückstände rent arrears, hanging gale (Br.);
• Pachtsatz tenancy, interest of a tenant;
• Pachtschutzgesetz law on rental controls;
• Pachtsumme rent, rental;
• Pachtsystem tenancy system;
• Pachttermin rent day, gale day (Br.). -
12 сельскохозяйственная аренда
1) Law: agricultural lease, tenant farming2) Economy: farm leaseУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > сельскохозяйственная аренда
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13 Erhaltungsaufwand
Erhaltungsaufwand m STEUER maintenance expenditures* * *m < Steuer> maintenance expenditures* * *Erhaltungsaufwand
maintenance cost (charges), cost of maintenance, routine maintenance;
• Erhaltungsaufwand für landwirtschaftlich genutzte Gebäude bestreiten to incur expenditure on agricultural buildings;
• Erhaltungskosten maintenance charges, expenses of upkeep;
• kombinierte Abschreibungs- und Erhaltungsmethode combined depreciation and maintenance method;
• Erhaltungspacht tenant-repairing lease;
• Erhaltungswerbung maintenance advertising. -
14 Pacht
Pacht f GRUND lease, tenancy, leasehold* * *f < Grund> lease, tenancy, leasehold* * *Pacht
lease[hold], [agricultural] tenancy, tenure, set (Scot.), (geldliche Gegenleistung) rent[al];
• vertraglich ausbedungene Pacht contract rent;
• zeitlich begrenzte Pacht tenancy for years;
• billige Pacht low lease;
• fünfzehnjährig festgelegte Pacht fair rent;
• jederzeit kündbare Pacht tenancy at will;
• landwirtschaftliche Pacht farm lease;
• unkündbare Pacht perpetual lease;
• mit der Berufsausübung verbundene Pacht occupation lease;
• mit Meliorationsauflagen verbundene Pacht improvement lease;
• auf 28 Jahre vergebene Pacht homestead lease (US);
• von Jahr zu Jahr verlängerte Pacht estate from year to year;
• wucherische Pacht rack rent (Ireland);
• in Naturalien zahlbare Pacht share tenancy;
• in Geld zu zahlende Pacht cash tenancy (US);
• Pacht mit Erhaltungspflicht (Instandhaltungs- und Reparaturpflicht) des Pächters tenant-repairing lease;
• Pacht ohne Erhaltungsverpflichtung landlord-repairing lease;
• Pacht eines Gewerbebetriebes lease of trade;
• Pacht eines Hofes farm tenancy;
• Pacht auf Lebenszeit lease for life, life land;
• Pacht mit automatischer Steigerungsklausel progressive rent;
• Pacht auf Zeit lease for a term of years;
• Pacht aufheben to cancel a lease;
• Pacht eingehen to [take on] lease;
• Pacht erneuern to renew (extend) a lease;
• in Pacht geben to let on lease, to farm out;
• in Pacht haben to hold under a lease;
• in Pacht nehmen to take on lease, to farm;
• Pachtablauf expiration (determination) of a lease;
• Pachtablösung leasehold enfranchisement;
• Pachtabtretung assignment of lease;
• Pachtanschlag estimate of a lease;
• Pachtanspruch leasehold interest;
• Pachtaufkommen rent-roll;
• Pachtausfallversicherung leasehold insurance (US). -
15 verpachten
verpachten v GRUND lease, let on lease, rent* * *v < Grund> lease, let on lease, rent* * *verpachten
to let [out to tenants], to let on (put out to, grant a) lease, to let on hire, to [let for] rent, (Steuereinnahmen) to farm out;
• gewerbsmäßig verpachten to let at a commercial rent;
• Hof verpachten to let a farm to a tenant;
• jahrweise zur landwirtschaftlichen Nutzung verpachten to let on an annual agricultural tenancy;
• zu normalen Sätzen verpachten to let at a full rent. -
16 Gutsgebäude
Gutsgebäude
agricultural building, farmhouse (Br.);
• Gutsgrenze [boundary] lines of an estate;
• Gutshaus farmhouse (Br.), estate (manor) house;
• geräumiges Gutshaus rambling mansion;
• Gutshaus und dazugehörende Ländereien mansion and lands pertaining thereto;
• Gutshof farm, manor, estate;
• Gutsinspektor land agent (steward) (Br.), managing man, farm bailiff (Br.), estate (farm, US) manager;
• Gutspacht farm tenancy;
• Gutspächter tenant farmer;
• Gutsverkauf disposal of an estate by sale;
• Gutsverwalter managing man, land steward (Br.), bailiff (Br.), estate agent (Br.), estate (farm, US) manager, commissioner;
• Gutsverwaltung estate (farm, US) management. -
17 granja
f.farm.granja avícola poultry farmgranja escuela = farm which schoolchildren visit or stay at to learn about farming life and animals* * *1 farm* * *noun f.1) farm2) farmhouse* * *SF farmgranja avícola — chicken farm, poultry farm
* * *femenino (Agr) farm* * *= farm, farmhouse, farmstead, homestead.Ex. Librarians are no strangers to the use of mobile vans as a means of taking books to scattered rural communities, even individual farms and stately homes.Ex. The new library extension is in the style of the old farm houses and forms right angles with the old, now restored, main building which houses offices and local history collection.Ex. At that time, the rural countryside was dotted with small farmsteads.Ex. The scattered remains of homesteads also dot the rugged landscape.----* animal de granja = farm animal, farmyard animal.* cría en granja = free-range farming.* de granja = free-range.* en la propia granja = on-farm.* gallina de granja = free-range hen.* granja de cerdos = piggery.* granja de cría intensiva = battery farm.* granja ecológica = free-range farm.* granja escuela = animal farm.* granja pequeña = croft.* patio de granja = farmyard.* pollo de granja = free-range chicken.* * *femenino (Agr) farm* * *= farm, farmhouse, farmstead, homestead.Ex: Librarians are no strangers to the use of mobile vans as a means of taking books to scattered rural communities, even individual farms and stately homes.
Ex: The new library extension is in the style of the old farm houses and forms right angles with the old, now restored, main building which houses offices and local history collection.Ex: At that time, the rural countryside was dotted with small farmsteads.Ex: The scattered remains of homesteads also dot the rugged landscape.* animal de granja = farm animal, farmyard animal.* cría en granja = free-range farming.* de granja = free-range.* en la propia granja = on-farm.* gallina de granja = free-range hen.* granja de cerdos = piggery.* granja de cría intensiva = battery farm.* granja ecológica = free-range farm.* granja escuela = animal farm.* granja pequeña = croft.* patio de granja = farmyard.* pollo de granja = free-range chicken.* * *A ( Agr) farmCompuestos:arable farmpoultry farm(de aves) battery farm; (de otros animales) factory farmfarm schoolB* * *
granja sustantivo femenino (Agr) farm;
granja sustantivo femenino farm
' granja' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
collado
- explotación
- animal
- chacra
- corral
- masía
- producto
English:
battery farm
- dairy
- dairy farm
- farm
- farmhouse
- free-range
- tenant
- down
- free
- homestead
* * *granja nf1. [en el campo] farmgranja agropecuaria agricultural and livestock farm;granja avícola poultry farm;granja escuela = farm which schoolchildren visit or stay at to learn about farming life and animals;granja marina marine farm* * *f farm* * *granja nf: farm* * *granja n1. (de campo) farm2. (cafetería, lechería) -
18 contadino
1. adj rural, country attr2. m, contadina f agricultural laborer* * *contadino agg. rustic, rural; peasant (attr.): una famiglia contadina, a peasant family; cultura contadina, folk wisdom // alla contadina, after the manner of country folk◆ s.m.1 ( campagnolo) countryman*, peasant: una coppia di contadini, a peasant couple // contadino, scarpe grosse cervello fino, (prov.) country folk may have big boots but they've got sharp wits* * *[konta'dino] contadino (-a)1. agg(di campagna) country attr, (rurale) peasant attr2. sm/f1) countryman (woman), (bracciante) farm worker2) Storia pegg peasant3. sm(fattore) tenant farmer* * *[konta'dino] 1.1) (agricolo) [ceto, famiglia] peasant attrib.2) (della campagna) [mondo, vita, tradizione] peasant attrib., rural2.sostantivo maschile1) (agricoltore) farmer, peasant2) (campagnolo) countryman*3) colloq. spreg. (zotico) peasant, yokel••contadino, scarpe grosse e cervello fino — prov. he's not as green as his cabbage-looking
* * *contadino/konta'dino/1 (agricolo) [ceto, famiglia] peasant attrib.2 (della campagna) [mondo, vita, tradizione] peasant attrib., rural⇒ 181 (agricoltore) farmer, peasant2 (campagnolo) countryman*3 colloq. spreg. (zotico) peasant, yokelcontadino, scarpe grosse e cervello fino prov. he's not as green as his cabbage-looking. -
19 γεωργός
γεωργός, οῦ, ὁ gener. one who is occupied in agriculture or gardening① one who owns a farm, farmer (Hdt., Aristoph.+) 2 Ti 2:6 (on association of γ. w. the teacher s. AHenrichs, ZPE 1, ’67, 50–53); Js 5:7.② one who does agricultural work on a contractual basis, vine-dresser, tenant farmer (Pla., Theaet. p. 178d; Aelian, NA 7, 28; Gen 9:20) Mt 21:33ff, 38, 40f; Mk 12:1f, 7, 9; Lk 20:9f, 14, 16 (ELohmeyer, ZST 18, ’41, 243–59: wicked tenants; BIersel, ‘D. Sohn’ in den synoptischen Jesusworten2 ’64, 124–45); J 15:1 (God as γ. Herm. Wr. 9, 6; 14, 10; PGM 1:26 ἧκέ μοι ἀγαθὲ γεωργέ, Ἀγαθὸς Δαίμων). Goodsp., Probs. 111f ‘cultivator’.—B. 487. S. DELG s.v. γῆ and ἔργον. M-M.
См. также в других словарях:
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