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affects

  • 1 Saying What Affects You

    Education: SWAY

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Saying What Affects You

  • 2 Tobacco Affects The Lives Of Kids

    Education: TALK

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Tobacco Affects The Lives Of Kids

  • 3 прикидывается

    affects
    feigns
    shammed

    Новый русско-английский словарь > прикидывается

  • 4 притворяется

    affects
    feigns
    pretends
    shammed

    Новый русско-английский словарь > притворяется

  • 5 аффекты

    Комплексные психофизиологические состояния, включающие субъективные переживания, а также когнитивные и физиологические компоненты. Существуют различные признаки, по которым различаются чувства, эмоции и аффекты. Чувства — это основные, субъективно переживаемые состояния, которые могут быть блокированы от сознания; эмоции суть внешне наблюдаемые проявления чувств; понятие аффекта относится ко всем связанным с этим феноменам, многие из которых бессознательны. Однако эти термины нередко используются как взаимозаменяемые, относясь ко всему спектру — от элементарных до комплексных и когнитивно дифференцированных психических состояний. Относительно устойчивые и длительные аффективные проявления, вызванные и поддерживаемые бессознательными фантазиями, называются настроением.
    В современном употреблении об аффектах говорят на трех концептуальных уровнях, относя это понятие 1) к клиническим проявлениям чувств, прежде всего связанных со спектром переживаний удовольствия/неудовольствия; 2) к сопутствующим нейробиологическим феноменам, включая гормональные, секреторные, вегетативные и/или соматические; 3) к метапсихологическим понятиям, связанным с представлениями о психической энергии, инстинктивных влечениях и их разрядке, сигнальных аффектах без разрядки влечений, Я и его структуре, структурном конфликте, объектных отношениях, психологии Самости и суперординантной организующей системе.
    Субъективно-чувственные компоненты аффектов всегда имеют качество приятного или неприятного (за исключением чувств, связанных с отчуждением и изоляцией). Таким образом, аффективные состояния почти всегда обладают свойствами мотивации. Когнитивные компоненты аффектов включают идеи и фантазии, сопровождающие возникновение любого аффективного состояния. Будучи специфическими для каждого индивида, такие идеи и фантазии концентрируются вокруг тем, имеющих непосредственное отношение к мотивационной стороне аффективного состояния. Тревога, например, активируется при восприятии угрозы, а сопровождающие ее когниции организуются вокруг этой темы, хотя специфическое их содержание зависит от переживаний и фантазий индивида в ситуациях восприятия опасности, начиная с детства.
    Физиологические компоненты аффекта опосредуются как автономной нервной системой (покраснение, потливость, слезливость, усиление перистальтики, учащение пульса и другие всевозможные физиологические реакции), так и регуляторными функциями (изменение положения тела, мимика и пантомимика, тональность речи и др.) Факторы, определяющие интенсивность и состав физиологических компонентов специфических аффективных состояний, не выяснены.
    С точки зрения развития, аффекты возникают на основе генетически обусловленных паттернов реакций. Считается, что девять таких паттернов (удивление, интерес, радость, дистресс, злость, страх, стыд, презрение и отвращение) универсальны, очевидны и легко идентифицируются на первом году жизни, хотя такое утверждение и небесспорно. Первичная биологическая реакция вскоре становится связанной со следами памяти, благодаря чему знакомые перцептивные паттерны мобилизуют соответствующую аффективную реакцию, которая предвосхищает то, что ожидает ребенок на основе ассоциаций. Поскольку эти ассоциации нередко включают в себя либидинозные и агрессивные объекты и переживаются как нечто относящееся к самому человеку, как правило, аффекты тесно связаны с репрезентантами себя и объектов, а также фантазиями, вызванными влечениями. Последнее привело к утверждению Фрейда о том, что аффекты представляют собой дериваты влечений. Однако в настоящее время аффекты рассматриваются как структуры Я, которые могут быть совершенно не связанными с влечениями и конфликтами.
    Аффекты выполняют важную адаптивную функцию, подготавливая индивида к соответствующей реакции на внешние или внутренние события, к коммуникации внутренних состояний субъекта с состояниями других людей и вызывая и у них необходимые для него реакции. Природу чувственных состояний определяют перцепции, связанные с непосредственной стимуляцией, и ее интрапсихическая репрезентация (оцененная, интегрированная и соответствующая прошлому опыту). Оценка этих перцепций осуществляется одновременно по многим направлениям в зависимости от того, вызывают ли стимулы ощущение опасности, травмы, безопасности, удовольствия, хорошего самочувствия, самоуважения, удовлетворения инстинкта, самоконтроля, функционального удовольствия, вины, стыда либо их сочетание. Дериваты аффектов могут вызывать болезненные ощущения и ассоциации или сигнализировать об опасности; совладать с ними можно с помощью различных защитных действий.
    Отсутствие адекватной и определенной теории аффектов привело к появлению конкурирующих психоаналитических воззрений; так, дискутируются вопросы о существовании бессознательного аффекта или доэдипова чувства вины, о важности непосредственного наблюдения за развитием, о том, являются ли определенные аффекты (например, депрессия) диагностическими категориями или сочетанием симптомов. Высказываются противоположные взгляды на то, соответствует ли появление определенных аффектов определенным периодам развития или какие периоды развития (например, эдипов или доэдипов) дают начало специфическим аффективным заболеваниям или группам симптомов.
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    Лит.: [59, 129, 180, 544, 666, 668, 697, 752]

    Словарь психоаналитических терминов и понятий > аффекты

  • 6 БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

    Мы приняли следующие сокращения для наиболее часто упоминаемых книг и журналов:
    IJP - International Journal of Psycho-analysis
    JAPA - Journal of the American Psychoanalytic Association
    SE - Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, ed. James Strachey (London: Hogarth Press and the Institute of Psycho-Analysis, 1953—74.)
    PSOC - Psychoanalytic Study of the Child (New Haven: Yale University Press)
    PQ - Psychoanalytic Quarterly
    WAF - The Writings of Anna Freud, ed. Anna Freud (New York: International Universities Press, 1966—74)
    PMC - Psychoanalysis The Major Concepts ed. Burness E. Moore and Bernard D. Fine (New Haven: Yale University Press)
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    О словаре: _about - Psychoanalytic Terms and Concepts
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    1. Abend, S. M. Identity. PMC. Forthcoming.
    2. Abend, S. M. (1974) Problems of identity. PQ, 43.
    3. Abend, S. M., Porder, M. S. & Willick, M. S. (1983) Borderline Patients. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    4. Abraham, K. (1916) The first pregenital stage of libido. Selected Papers. London, Hogarth Press, 1948.
    5. Abraham, K. (1917) Ejaculatio praecox. In: selected Papers. New York Basic Books.
    6. Abraham, K. (1921) Contributions to the theory of the anal character. Selected Papers. New York: Basic Books, 1953.
    7. Abraham, K. (1924) A Short study of the development of the libido, viewed in the light of mental disorders. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1927.
    8. Abraham, K. (1924) Manic-depressive states and the pre-genital levels of the libido. In: Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1949.
    9. Abraham, K. (1924) Selected Papers. London: Hogarth Press, 1948.
    10. Abraham, K. (1924) The influence of oral erotism on character formation. Ibid.
    11. Abraham, K. (1925) The history of an impostor in the light of psychoanalytic knowledge. In: Clinical Papers and Essays on Psychoanalysis. New York: Basic Books, 1955, vol. 2.
    12. Abrams, S. (1971) The psychoanalytic unconsciousness. In: The Unconscious Today, ed. M. Kanzer. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    13. Abrams, S. (1981) Insight. PSOC, 36.
    14. Abse, D W. (1985) The depressive character In Depressive States and their Treatment, ed. V. Volkan New York: Jason Aronson.
    15. Abse, D. W. (1985) Hysteria and Related Mental Disorders. Bristol: John Wright.
    16. Ackner, B. (1954) Depersonalization. J. Ment. Sci., 100.
    17. Adler, A. (1924) Individual Psychology. New York: Harcourt, Brace.
    18. Akhtar, S. (1984) The syndrome of identity diffusion. Amer. J. Psychiat., 141.
    19. Alexander, F. (1950) Psychosomatic Medicine. New York: Norton.
    20. Allen, D. W. (1974) The Feat- of Looking. Charlottesvill, Va: Univ. Press of Virginia.
    21. Allen, D. W. (1980) Psychoanalytic treatment of the exhibitionist. In: Exhibitionist, Description, Assessment, and Treatment, ed. D. Cox. New York: Garland STPM Press.
    22. Allport, G. (1937) Personality. New York: Henry Holt.
    23. Almansi, R. J. (1960) The face-breast equation. JAPA, 6.
    24. Almansi, R. J. (1979) Scopophilia and object loss. PQ, 47.
    25. Altman, L. Z. (1969) The Dream in Psychoanalysis. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    26. Altman, L. Z. (1977) Some vicissitudes of love. JAPA, 25.
    27. American Psychiatric Association. (1987) Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 3d ed. revised. Washington, D. C.
    28. Ansbacher, Z. & Ansbacher, R. (1956) The Individual Psychology of Alfred Adler. New York: Basic Books.
    29. Anthony, E. J. (1981) Shame, guilt, and the feminine self in psychoanalysis. In: Object and Self, ed. S. Tuttman, C. Kaye & M. Zimmerman. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    30. Arlow. J. A. (1953) Masturbation and symptom formation. JAPA, 1.
    31. Arlow. J. A. (1959) The structure of the deja vu experience. JAPA, 7.
    32. Arlow. J. A. (1961) Ego psychology and the study of mythology. JAPA, 9.
    33. Arlow. J. A. (1963) Conflict, regression and symptom formation. IJP, 44.
    34. Arlow. J. A. (1966) Depersonalization and derealization. In: Psychoanalysis: A General Psychology, ed. R. M. Loewenstein, L. M. Newman, M. Schur & A. J. Solnit. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    35. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Fantasy, memory and reality testing. PQ, 38.
    36. Arlow. J. A. (1969) Unconscious fantasy and disturbances of mental experience. PQ, 38.
    37. Arlow. J. A. (1970) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 51.
    38. Arlow. J. A. (1975) The structural hypothesis. PQ, 44.
    39. Arlow. J. A. (1977) Affects and the psychoanalytic situation. IJP, 58.
    40. Arlow. J. A. (1979) Metaphor and the psychoanalytic situation. PQ, 48.
    41. Arlow. J. A. (1979) The genesis of interpretation. JAPA, 27 (suppl.).
    42. Arlow. J. A. (1982) Problems of the superego concept. PSOC, 37.
    43. Arlow. J. A. (1984) Disturbances of the sense of time. PQ, 53.
    44. Arlow. J. A. (1985) Some technical problems of countertransference. PQ, 54.
    45. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1963) Psychoanalytic Concepts and the Structural Theory, New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    46. Arlow, J. A. & Brenner, C. (1969) The psychopathology of the psychoses. IJP, 50.
    47. Asch, S. S. (1966) Depression. PSOC, 21.
    48. Asch, S. S. (1976) Varieties of negative therapeutic reactions and problems of technique. JAPA, 24.
    49. Atkins, N. (1970) The Oedipus myth. Adolescence, and the succession of generations. JAPA, 18.
    50. Atkinson, J. W. & Birch, D. (1970) The Dynamics of Action. New York: Wiley.
    51. Bachrach, H. M. & Leaff, L. A. (1978) Analyzability. JAPA, 26.
    52. Bacon, C. (1956) A developmental theory of female homosexuality. In: Perversions,ed, S. Lorand & M. Balint. New York: Gramercy.
    53. Bak, R. C. (1953) Fetishism. JAPA. 1.
    54. Bak, R. C. (1968) The phallic woman. PSOC, 23.
    55. Bak, R. C. & Stewart, W. A. (1974) Fetishism, transvestism, and voyeurism. An American Handbook of Psychiatry, ed. S. Arieti. New York: Basic Books, vol. 3.
    56. Balint, A. (1949) Love for mother and mother-love. IJP, 30.
    57. Balter, L., Lothane, Z. & Spencer, J. H. (1980) On the analyzing instrument, PQ, 49.
    58. Basch, M. F. (1973) Psychoanalysis and theory formation. Ann. Psychoanal., 1.
    59. Basch, M. F. (1976) The concept of affect. JAPA, 24.
    60. Basch, M. F. (1981) Selfobject disorders and psychoanalytic theory. JAPA, 29.
    61. Basch, M. F. (1983) Emphatic understanding. JAPA. 31.
    62. Balldry, F. Character. PMC. Forthcoming.
    63. Balldry, F. (1983) The evolution of the concept of character in Freud's writings. JAPA. 31.
    64. Begelman, D. A. (1971) Misnaming, metaphors, the medical model and some muddles. Psychiatry, 34.
    65. Behrends, R. S. & Blatt, E. J. (1985) Internalization and psychological development throughout the life cycle. PSOC, 40.
    66. Bell, A. (1961) Some observations on the role of the scrotal sac and testicles JAPA, 9.
    67. Benedeck, T. (1949) The psychosomatic implications of the primary unit. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 19.
    68. Beres, C. (1958) Vicissitudes of superego functions and superego precursors in childhood. FSOC, 13.
    69. Beres, D. Conflict. PMC. Forthcoming.
    70. Beres, D. (1956) Ego deviation and the concept of schizophrenia. PSOC, 11.
    71. Beres, D. (1960) Perception, imagination and reality. IJP, 41.
    72. Beres, D. (1960) The psychoanalytic psychology of imagination. JAPA, 8.
    73. Beres, D. & Joseph, E. D. (1965) Structure and function in psychoanalysis. IJP, 46.
    74. Beres, D. (1970) The concept of mental representation in psychoanalysis. IJP, 51.
    75. Berg, M D. (1977) The externalizing transference. IJP, 58.
    76. Bergeret, J. (1985) Reflection on the scientific responsi bilities of the International Psychoanalytical Association. Memorandum distributed at 34th IPA Congress, Humburg.
    77. Bergman, A. (1978) From mother to the world outside. In: Grolnick et. al. (1978).
    78. Bergmann, M. S. (1980) On the intrapsychic function of falling in love. PQ, 49.
    79. Berliner, B. (1966) Psychodynamics of the depressive character. Psychoanal. Forum, 1.
    80. Bernfeld, S. (1931) Zur Sublimierungslehre. Imago, 17.
    81. Bibring, E. (1937) On the theory of the therapeutic results of psychoanalysis. IJP, 18.
    82. Bibring, E. (1941) The conception of the repetition compulsion. PQ, 12.
    83. Bibring, E. (1953) The mechanism of depression. In: Affective Disorders, ed. P. Greenacre. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    84. Bibring, E. (1954) Psychoanalysis and the dynamic psychotherapies. JAPA, 2.
    85. Binswanger, H. (1963) Positive aspects of the animus. Zьrich: Spring.
    86. Bion Francesca Abingdon: Fleetwood Press.
    87. Bion, W. R. (1952) Croup dynamics. IJP, 33.
    88. Bion, W. R. (1961) Experiences in Groups. London: Tavistock.
    89. Bion, W. R. (1962) A theory of thinking. IJP, 40.
    90. Bion, W. R. (1962) Learning from Experience. London: William Heinemann.
    91. Bion, W. R. (1963) Elements of Psychoanalysis. London: William Heinemann.
    92. Bion, W. R. (1965) Transformations. London: William Heinemann.
    93. Bion, W. R. (1970) Attention and Interpretation. London: Tavistock.
    94. Bion, W. R. (1985) All My Sins Remembered, ed. Francesca Bion. Adingdon: Fleetwood Press.
    95. Bird, B. (1972) Notes on transference. JAPA, 20.
    96. Blanck, G. & Blanck, R. (1974) Ego Psychology. New York: Columbia Univ. Press.
    97. Blatt, S. J. (1974) Levels of object representation in anaclitic and introjective depression. PSOC, 29.
    98. Blau, A. (1955) A unitary hypothesis of emotion. PQ, 24.
    99. Bleuler, E. (1911) Dementia Praecox or the Group of Schizophrenias. New York: Int. Univ. Press, 1951.
    100. Blos, P. (1954) Prolonged adolescence. Amer. J. Orthopsychiat., 24.
    101. Blos, P. (1962) On Adolescence. New York: Free Press.
    102. Blos, P. (1972) The epigenesia of the adult neurosis. 27.
    103. Blos, P. (1979) Modification in the traditional psychoanalytic theory of adolescent development. Adolescent Psychiat., 8.
    104. Blos, P. (1984) Son and father. JAPA_. 32.
    105. Blum, G. S. (1963) Prepuberty and adolescence, In Studies ed. R. E. Grinder. New York: McMillan.
    106. Blum, H. P. Symbolism. FMC. Forthcoming.
    107. Blum, H. P. (1976) Female Psychology. JAPA, 24 (suppl.).
    108. Blum, H. P. (1976) Masochism, the ego ideal and the psychology of women. JAPA, 24 (suppl.).
    109. Blum, H. P. (1980) The value of reconstruction in adult psychoanalysis. IJP, 61.
    110. Blum, H. P. (1981) Forbidden quest and the analytic ideal. PQ, 50.
    111. Blum, H. P. (1983) Defense and resistance. Foreword. JAFA, 31.
    112. Blum, H. P., Kramer, Y., Richards, A. K. & Richards, A. D., eds. (1988) Fantasy, Myth and Reality: Essays in Honor of Jacob A. Arlow. Madison, Conn.: Int. Univ. Press.
    113. Boehm, F. (1930) The femininity-complex In men. IJP,11.
    114. Boesky, D. Structural theory. PMC. Forthcoming.
    115. Boesky, D. (1973) Deja raconte as a screen defense. PQ, 42.
    116. Boesky, D. (1982) Acting out. IJP, 63.
    117. Boesky, D. (1986) Questions about Sublimation In Psychoanalysis the Science of Mental Conflict, ed. A. D. Richards & M. S. Willick. Hillsdale, N. J.: Analytic Press.
    118. Bornstein, B. (1935) Phobia in a 2 1/2-year-old child. PQ, 4.
    119. Bornstein, B. (1951) On latency. PSOC, 6.
    120. Bornstein, M., ed. (1983) Values and neutrality in psychoanalysis. Psychoanal. Inquiry, 3.
    121. Bowlby, J. (1960) Grief and morning in infancy and early childhood. PSOC. 15.
    122. Bowlby, J. (1961) Process of mourning. IJP. 42.
    123. Bowlby, J. (1980) Attachment and Loss, vol. 3. New York: Basic Books.
    124. Bradlow, P. A. (1973) Depersonalization, ego splitting, non-human fantasy and shame. IJP, 54.
    125. Brazelton, T. B., Kozlowsky, B. & Main, M. (1974) The early motherinfant interaction. In: The Effect of the Infant on Its Caregiver, ed. M. Lewis & L. Rosenblum New York Wiley.
    126. Brenner, C. (1957) The nature and development of the concept of repression in Freud's writings. PSOC, 12.
    127. Brenner, C. (1959) The masochistic character. JAPA, 7.
    128. Brenner, C. (1973) An Elementary Textbook of Psycho-analysis. New York Int. Univ. Press.
    129. Brenner, C. (1974) On the nature and development of affects PQ, 43.
    130. Brenner, C. (1976) Psychoanalytic Technique and Psychic Conflict. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    131. Brenner, C. (1979) The Mind in Conflict. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    132. Brenner, C. (1979) Working alliance, therapeutic alliance and transference. JAPA, 27.
    133. Brenner, C. (1981) Defense and defense mechanisms. PQ, 50.
    134. Brenner, C. (1983) Defense. In: the Mind in Conflict. New York Int. Univ. Press.
    135. Bressler, B. (1965) The concept of the self. Psychoanalytic Review, 52.
    136. Breuer, J. & Freud, S. (1983—95) Studies on Hysteria. SE, 3.
    137. Breznitz, S., ed. (1983) The Denial of Stress. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    138. Brody, S. (1964) Passivity. New York: Int. Univ. Press.
    139. Brown, H. (1970) Psycholinquistics. New York: Free Press.
    140. Bruner, J. S. (1964) The course of cognitive growth. Amer. Psychologist. 19.
    141. Bruner, J., Jolly, A. & Sylva, K. (1976) Play. New York Basic Books.
    142. Bruner, J. E., Olver, R. R. &Greenfield, P. M. (1966) Studies in Cognitive Growth. New York: Wiley.
    143. Buie, D H. (1981) Empathy. JAPA, 29.
    144. Burgner, M. & Edgeumble, R. (1972) Some problems in the conceptualization of early object relationships. PSOC, 27.
    145. Call, J. ed. (1979) Basic Handbook of Child Psychiatry. New York: Basic Books.
    146. Carroll, G. (1956) Language, Thought and Reality. Cambridge & London: M. I. T. Press & John Wiley.
    147. Cavenar, J. O. & Nash, J. L. (1976) The effects of Combat on the normal personality. Comprehensive Psychiat., 17.
    148. Chassequet-Smirgel, J. (1978) Reflections on the connection between perversion and sadism. IJP, 59.
    149. Chomsky, N. (1978) Language and unconscious knowledge. In: Psychoanalysis and Language, ed. J. H. Smith. New Haven: Yale Univ. Press, vol. 3.
    150. Clower, V. (1975) Significance of masturbation in female sexual development and function. In: Masturbation from Infancy to Senescence, ed. I. Marcus & J. Francis. New York: Int. Uni" Press.
    151. Coen, S. J. & Bradlow, P. A. (1982) Twin transference as a compromise formation. JAPA, 30.
    152. Compton, A. Object and relationships. PMC. Forthcoming.
    153. Cullen, W. (1777) First Lines of the Practice of Psysic. Edinburgh: Bell, Brandfute.
    154. Curtis, B. C. (1969) Psychoanalytic understanding and treatment of impotence. In: Sexual Function and Dysfunction, ed. P. J. Fink & V. B. O. Hummett. Philadelphia: F. A. Davis.
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    Словарь психоаналитических терминов и понятий > БИБЛИОГРАФИЯ

  • 7 Т-109

    НИ ТО НИ СЁ coll, usu. disapprov NP Invar usu. this WO
    1. ( subj-compl with бытье, оказаться (subj: human or nonagreeing modif) a person or thing that lacks distinguishing characteristics or features, that is mediocre
    neither this nor that
    neither one thing nor the other nothing out of the ordinary run-of-the-mill nondescript (in limited contexts) betwixt and between.
    ...В одном звуке этого слова (миллионщик)... заключается что-то такое, которое действует и на людей подлецов, и на людей ни то ни сё, и на людей хороших, - словом, на всех действует (Гоголь 3)....The mere sound of the word ("millionaire")... contains something that affects people of all descriptions: the ones who are scoundrels, the ones who are neither this nor that, and those who are really good-in short, it affects everybody (3c).
    Есть род людей, известных под именем: люди так себе, ни то ни сё... (Гоголь 3). There is a type of man who is described as "so-so," neither one thing nor the other... (3a).
    2. rare
    adv
    in a mediocre way, neither well nor poorly, neither positively nor negatively etc
    so-so
    fair to middling.
    «Как твой сын учится?» - «Ни то ни сё». "How is your son doing in school?" "Fair to middling."
    3. rare (often used as an indep. remark) used to relay one's own or someone else's previous or expected noncommittal response to a question, suggestion etc
    neither yes nor no
    one remains noncommittal one doesn't give ( s.o.) any definite answer.

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > Т-109

  • 8 ни то ни се

    • НИ ТО НИ СЕ coll, usu. disapprov
    [NP; Invar; usu. this WO]
    =====
    1. [subj-compl with быть, оказаться (subj: human) or nonagreeing modif]
    ⇒ a person or thing that lacks distinguishing characteristics or features, that is mediocre:
    - [in limited contexts] betwixt and between.
         ♦...В одном звуке этого слова [миллионщик]... заключается что-то такое, которое действует и на людей подлецов, и на людей ни то ни сё, и на людей хороших, - словом, на всех действует (Гоголь 3)....The mere sound of the word ["millionaire"]... contains something that affects people of all descriptions: the ones who are scoundrels, the ones who are neither this nor that, and those who are really good-in short, it affects everybody (3c).
         ♦ Есть род людей, известных под именем: люди так себе, ни то ни сё... (Гоголь 3). There is a type of man who is described as "so-so," neither one thing nor the other... (3a).
    2. rare [adv]
    ⇒ in a mediocre way, neither well nor poorly, neither positively nor negatively etc:
    - fair to middling.
         ♦ "Как твой сын учится?" - "Ни то ни сё". "How is your son doing in school?" "Fair to middling."
    3. rare [often used as an indep. remark] used to relay one's own or someone else's previous or expected noncommittal response to a question, suggestion etc:
    - one doesn't give (s.o.) any definite answer.

    Большой русско-английский фразеологический словарь > ни то ни се

  • 9 влиять

    Глаголу влиять соответствуют английские синонимы influence и affect. Influence часто предполагает длительное, постепенное или периодическое воздействие, в результате которого происходит, как правило, качественное изменение: climate influences plants and animals; it is supposed that the moon influences the tides. Affect обычно имеет в виду непродолжительное, хотя, возможно, и сильное воздействие: rain affects the hay; moisture affects steel; some plants are quickly affected by cold; the unusually hot weather affected his health. В метафорическом значении употребляется преимущественно глагол influence: to influence somebody for the better; this influenced his whole life.

    Трудности английского языка (лексический справочник). Русско-английский словарь > влиять

  • 10 влиять на

    •

    The particle size of the oxidizer affects (or influences) the burning rate of the propellant.

    •

    Background noise has (or exerts) no effect (or influence) on the accuracy of calibration.

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > влиять на

  • 11 влиять на

    •

    The particle size of the oxidizer affects (or influences) the burning rate of the propellant.

    •

    Background noise has (or exerts) no effect (or influence) on the accuracy of calibration.

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > влиять на

  • 12 заметно влиять на

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > заметно влиять на

  • 13 никоим образом не

    •

    This pressure was by no means the limit of what could be achieved.

    •

    This in no way affects the operation of the machine.

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > никоим образом не

  • 14 отрицательно влиять на

    •

    Such generators are adversely affected by wide temperature changes.

    •

    This permits an unusual amount of contaminant to be pumped without seriously affecting performance.

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > отрицательно влиять на

  • 15 отрицательное влияние на

    •

    Increasing boiling point elevation has (or exerts) a detrimental (or adverse) effect on the product rate [or ( adversely) affects, or impairs the product rate].

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > отрицательное влияние на

  • 16 отрицательное действие на

    •

    Increasing boiling point elevation has (or exerts) a detrimental (or adverse) effect on the product rate [or ( adversely) affects, or impairs the product rate].

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > отрицательное действие на

  • 17 ухудшать

    •

    Measurement errors will deteriorate the quality of data.

    •

    General attack destroys structural features and impairs (or affects) the reflectivity of the polished surface.

    •

    The accuracy of the machine is not impaired by wear on moving parts.

    Русско-английский научно-технический словарь переводчика > ухудшать

  • 18 Economic Value Added

    1) Abbreviation: EVA (financial performance figure, affects pay-for-performance calculations)
    2) Information technology: EVA

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > Economic Value Added

  • 19 влияние на зарплату

    SAP. affects remuneration

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > влияние на зарплату

  • 20 воздействует

    General subject: affects

    Универсальный русско-английский словарь > воздействует

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

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  • Yves Citton — Théoricien de la littérature et philosophe occidental Philosophie et littérature contemporaines Naissance 30 septembre 1962 à Genève Nationalité …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Yves citton — Théoricien de la littérature et philosophe occidental Philosophie et littérature contemporaines Naissance : 30 septembre 1962 à Genève Principaux intérêts : philosophie morale …   Wikipédia en Français

  • Thematic Apperception Test — Pour les articles homonymes, voir TAT. Le Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) est un test projectif utilisé par les psychologues. Selon Nina Rausch de Traubenberg « Les méthodes projectives sont un lieu où la théorie s incarne dans un… …   Wikipédia en Français

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