-
21 technology
технические и прикладные науки; техника; технология -
22 Oberth, Hermann Julius
SUBJECT AREA: Aerospace[br]b. 25 June 1894 Nagyszeben, Transylvania (now Sibiu, Romania)d. 29 December 1989 Nuremberg, Germany[br]Austro-Hungarian lecturer who is usually regarded, with Robert Goddard, as one of the "fathers" of modern astronautics.[br]The son of a physician, Oberth originally studied medicine in Munich, but his education was interrupted by the First World War and service in the Austro-Hungarian Army. Wounded, he passed the time by studying astronautics. He apparently simulated weightlessness and worked out the design for a long-range liquid-propelled rocket, but his ideas were rejected by the War Office; after the war he submitted them as a dissertation for a PhD at Heidelberg University, but this was also rejected. Consequently, in 1923, whilst still an unknown mathematics teacher, he published his ideas at his own expense in the book The Rocket into Interplanetary Space. These included a description of how rockets could achieve a sufficient velocity to escape the gravitational field of the earth. As a result he gained international prestige almost overnight and learned of the work of Robert Goddard and Konstantin Tsiolkovsky. After correspondence with the Goddard and Tsiolkovsky, Oberth published a further work in 1929, The Road to Space Travel, in which he acknowledged the priority of Goddard's and Tsiolkovski's calculations relating to space travel; he went on to anticipate by more than thirty years the development of electric and ionic propulsion and to propose the use of giant mirrors to control the weather. For this he was awarded the annual Hirsch Prize of 10,000 francs. From 1925 to 1938 he taught at a college in Mediasch, Transylvania, where he carried out experiments with petroleum and liquid-air rockets. He then obtained a lecturing post at Vienna Technical University, moving two years later to Dresden University and becoming a German citizen. In 1941 he became assistant to the German rocket engineer Werner von Braun at the rocket development centre at Peenemünde, and in 1943 he began work on solid propellants. After the Second World War he spent a year in Switzerland as a consultant, then in 1950 he moved to Italy to develop solid-propellant anti-aircraft rockets for the Italian Navy. Five years later he moved to the USA to carry out advanced rocket research for the US Army at Huntsville, Alabama, and in 1958 he retired to Feucht, near Nuremberg, Germany, where he wrote his autobiography.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFrench Astronautical Society REP-Hirsch Prize 1929. German Society for Space Research Medal 1950. Diesel German Inventors Medal 1954. American Astronautical Society Award 1955. German Federal Republic Award 1961. Institute of Aviation and Astronautics Medal 1969.Bibliography1923, Die Rakete zu den Planetenraumen; repub. 1934 as The Rocket into Interplanetary Space (autobiography).1929, Wege zur Raumschiffahrt [Road to Space Travel].1959, Stoff und Leben [Material and Life].Further ReadingR.Spangenburg and D.Moser, 1990, Space People from A to Z, New York: Facts on File. H.Wulforst, 1991, The Rocketmakers: The Dreamers who made Spaceflight a Reality, New York: Crown Publishers.KF / IMcN -
23 fuel
1. топливо2. горючее3. заправлять топливом [горючим]ablative fuel — аблирующее топливо
acid fuel — кислотное горючее
advanced fuel — перспективное топливо [горючее]
air-breather's fuel — топливо для воздушно-реактивных двигателей
aircraft fuel — авиационное топливо
alcohol fuel — спиртовое горючее
aliphatic fuel — алифатическое горючее
aluminized fuel — алюминизированное топливо [горючее]
amine-type fuel — горючее аминового типа, аминовое горючее
anhydrous-hydrazine fuel — горючее на основе обезвоженного гидразина
aniline-base fuel — горючее на анилиновой основе, анилиновое горючее
aromatic fuel — ароматическое горючее
asphalt-base fuel — горючее на асфальтовой основе, горючий компонент на битумной основе
aviation fuel — авиационное топливо [бензин]
binary fuel — двухкомпонентное топливо
bipropellant fuel — двухкомпонентное ракетное топливо, топливо раздельной подачи ( компонентов)
blended fuel — смешанное топливо, топливная смесь
borohydride fuel — борогидридное горючее
boron-based fuel — горючее на основе бора
boron-containing fuel — борсодержащее горючее
carbonaceous fuel — углерод-содержащее горючее
carbon-containing fuel — углерод-содержащее горючее
carrier fuel — носитель горючего
ceramic nuclear fuel — керамическое ядерное топливо
cordite fuel — кордитное топливо
cryogenic fuel — криогенное топливо
dry fuel — твёрдое топливо
emulsified fuel — эмульсионное [эмульгированное] горючее
endothermic fuel — эндотермическое топливо
energetic rocket fuel — высокоэффективное ракетное топливо
gas fuel — газовое [газообразное] топливо
gaseous fuel — газообразное [газовое] топливо
gelled fuel — желатинированное горючее
gelled slurry fuel — загущённое суспензированное горючее
heterogenous fuel — гетерогенное топливо
high-density fuel — топливо с повышенной плотностью [большим удельным весом]
high-energy fuel — высококалорийное [высокоэффективное, высокоэнергетическое] горючее
hybrid fuel — гибридное [твёрдо-жидкое] топливо
hybrid thixotropic rocket fuel — гибридное ракетное топливо с тиксотропными свойствами
hydrazine fuel — гидразиновое горючее
hydrazine-base fuel — горючее на основе гидразина
hydrocarbon fuel — углеводородное горючее
hydrogen fuel — водородное горючее
hydrogen-containing fuel — водород-содержащее горючее
hypergolic fuel — самовоспламеняющееся горючее
kerosene fuel — керосиновое топливо
light-hydrocarbon fuel — лёгкое углеводородное горючее
liquid fuel — жидкое горючее [топливо]
liquid-methane fuel — горючее из жидкого метана
liquid rocket fuel — жидкое ракетное горючее [топливо]
lithium-containing fuel — литий-содержащее горючее
metal fuel — металлическое горючее
metal-base fuel — горючее на металлической основе
metal-containing fuel — металлсодержащее горючее
metal-hydrides-base fuel — горючее на основе гидридов металла
multipropellant fuel — многокомпонентное ракетное топливо
noncarbonaceous fuel — горючее, не содержащее углерод; безуглеродное горючее
nuclear fuel — ядерное топливо
oxide fuel — окисное топливо
oxygen-oil rocket fuel — кислородно-углеводородное ракетное топливо
petroleum fuel — бензиновое топливо
plastics fuel — 1) горючее на пластмассовой основе 2) пластиковое горючее
Plutonium-238 fuel — ( ядерное) топливо из плутония-238
polymeric fuel — полимерное горючее
polymer-thickened fuel — горючее, загущённое полимером
powdered-metal fuel — горючее из металлического порошка
propellant fuel — ракетное топливо [горючее]
pyrolyzed fuel — пиролизованное горючее
pyrophoric fuel — самовоспламеняющееся ( на воздухе) горючее
rocket fuel — 1) ракетное топливо [горючее], горючее ракетного топлива 2) горючий компонент ракетного топлива
rubber-base fuel — горючее на каучуковой основе
solid fuel — твёрдое топливо [горючее]
solution fuel — горючее-раствор ( металла)
storable fuel — горючее [топливо] длительного хранения
sublimating fuel — сублимирующееся топливо
thermoplastic fuel — термопластическое горючее
thorium-oxide bearing fuel — топливо, содержащее окисел тория
tripropellant fuel — трёхкомпонентное топливо
uranium fuel — урановое ( ядерное) топливо
wet fuel — жидкое горючее
English-Russian dictionary of aviation and space materials > fuel
-
24 PAD
PAD, Panama air depot————————PAD, Бр passive air defence————————PAD, permissible accumulated dose————————PAD, pilotless aircraft division————————PAD, point air defense————————PAD, pontoon assembly depot————————PAD, pontoon assembly detachment————————PAD, poor acquisition data————————PAD, port of aerial debarkation————————PAD, preferred arrival date————————PAD, program action directive————————PAD, program analysis division————————PAD, project approval document————————PAD, propellant-actuated device————————PAD, proposal for advanced development————————PAD, provisional acceptance date————————PAD, provisional air division————————PAD, public affairs divisionуправление [отдел] по связям с общественностью————————PAD, Pueblo Army DepotEnglish-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > PAD
- 1
- 2
См. также в других словарях:
Advanced Gun System — Originally designed for mounting as a vertical gun, this 155 mm (6.1 ) caliber gun has since been slated for mounting within a more conventional turret arrangement. The AGS is designed to offer a weapon system capable of delivering precision… … Wikipedia
Epichlorohydrin — Chembox new Reference= [ Merck Index , 12th Edition, 3648.] Name = (±) Epichlorohydrin ImageFile = Epichlorohydrin.png ImageName = Epichlorohydrin ImageFile1 = Epichlorohydrin 3D balls.png ImageName1 = Ball and stick model of the epichlorohydrin… … Wikipedia
Rocket — This article is about vehicles powered by rocket engines. For other uses, see Rocket (disambiguation). A Soyuz U, at Baikonur Site 1/5 A rocket is a missile, spacecraft, aircraft or other vehicle which obtains thrust from a rocket engi … Wikipedia
Artillery — For other uses of the term, see Artillery (disambiguation). Warfare Military history Eras Prehistoric Ancient … Wikipedia
Suppressor — Several firearms with detachable suppressors, from top to bottom: An Uzi, An AR 15 variant, A Heckler Koch USP Tactical, A Beretta 92FS, and a SIG Mosquito … Wikipedia
Glossary of military abbreviations — List of terms, acronyms, information, related to modern armour, artillery, infantry, weapons, and related military subject matter.* AA anti aircraft * AAA anti aircraft artillery Triple A * AAAV Advanced Amphibious Assault Vehicle * AAD Armoured… … Wikipedia
launch vehicle — Aerospace. a rocket used to launch a spacecraft or satellite into orbit or a space probe into space. [1955 1960] * * * Rocket system that boosts a spacecraft into Earth orbit or beyond Earth s gravitational pull. A wide variety of launch vehicles … Universalium
Electrothermal-chemical technology — Electrothermal chemical (ETC) technology is an attempt to increase accuracy and muzzle energy of future tank, artillery, and close in weapon system [cite book | first=Dr Norman|last=Friedman| coauthors=David K Brown, Eric Grove, Stuart Slade,… … Wikipedia
Rocket engine — RS 68 being tested at NASA s Stennis Space Center. The nearly transparent exhaust is due to this engine s exhaust being mostly superheated steam (water vapor from its propellants, hydrogen and oxygen) … Wikipedia
Defence Research and Development Organisation — Sanskrit: बलस्य मूलं विज्ञानम् Strength s Origin is in Science [1] Agency overvi … Wikipedia
MBDA Meteor — Meteor Type Beyond Visual Range Air to Air Missile Se … Wikipedia