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1 ἀντί-φορτος
ἀντί-φορτος, ὁ, Gegenfracht, Argum. Ar. Acharn.
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2 fulgeo
fulgeo, fulsi, 2 (ante-class. and poet. form acc. to the third conj.: fulgit, Lucil. and Pompon. ap. Non. 506, 8 and 9; Lucr. 5, 768 Lachm. N. cr.; 6, 160; 174; 214; fulgĕre, Pac., Att., Lucil. ap. Non. 506, 17 sq.; Lucr. 5, 1095; 6, 165; Verg. A. 6, 826; Val. Fl. 8, 284 al.; cf. Sen. Q. N. 2, 56), v. n. [Sanscr, bhrāg', to glow, gleam; Gr. phlegô, phlegethô, to burn, phlox, flame;I.Lat. fulgur, fulmen, fulvus, flagrare, flamma, flāmen,
Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 187 ], to flash, to lighten (syn.: fulguro, splendeo, luceo).Lit.:* B.si fulserit, si tonuerit, si tactum aliquid erit de caelo,
Cic. Div. 2, 72, 149:cum aestate vehementius tonuit quam fulsit,
Plin. 18. 35, 81, § 354; Mel. 1, 19, 1; Lucr. 6, 160; 165:Jove fulgente cum populo agi nefas esse,
Cic. Vatin. 8, 20; cf.:Jove fulgente, tonante... caelo fulgente, tonante,
id. N. D. 2, 25, 65;v. fulguro: tremulo tempestas impete fulgit,
Lucr. 6, 174:fulsere ignes et aether,
Verg. A. 4, 167:picei fulsere poli,
Val. Fl. 1, 622.—Trop., of the vivid oratory of Pericles:II. A.qui (Pericles) si tenui genere uteretur, numquam ab Aristophane poëta fulgere, tonare, permiscere Graeciam dictus esset,
Cic. Or. 9, 29 (acc. to Aristoph. Acharn. 530 sq.: Perikleês Oulumpios Êstrapten, ebronta, xunekuka tên Hellada); cf.:fulgurare ac tonare,
Quint. 2, 16, 19.—Lit.:B.qui nitent unguentis, qui fulgent purpurā,
Cic. Cat. 2, 3, 5:marmorea tecta ebore et auro fulgentia,
id. Par. 1, 3, 13:fulgentia signis castra,
Hor. C. 1, 7, 19: qui caelum versat stellis fulgentibus aptum, Enn. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1 (Ann. v. 30 Vahl.); so id. ib. (Ann. v. 162 ib.):caelo fulgebat luna sereno,
Hor. Epod. 15, 1; cf. id. C. 2, 16, 3; Ov. M. 2, 722:fulgens contremuit domus Saturni (i. e. caelum),
Hor. C. 2, 12, 8:micantes fulsere gladii,
Liv. 1, 25, 4; cf.:fulgente decorus arcu Phoebus,
Hor. Carm. Sec. 61:felium in tenebris fulgent radiantque oculi,
Plin. 11, 37, 55, § 151:fulgentes oculi,
Hor. C. 2, 12, 15:fulgentes Cycladae (on account of their marble),
id. ib. 3, 28, 14 (for which:nitentes Cycladae,
id. ib. 1, 14, 19):stet Capitolium fulgens (corresp. to lucidae sedes Olympi),
id. ib. 3, 3, 43:argenti quod erat solis fulgebat in armis,
Juv. 11, 108.—Trop., to shine, glitter; be conspicuous, illustrious (rare and mostly poet.):1.(virtus) Intaminatis fulget honoribus,
Hor. C. 3, 2, 18:indoles virtutis jam in adulescentulo,
Nep. Eum. 1, 4:quondam nobili fulsi patre,
Sen. Med. 209:fulgens imperio fertilis Africae,
Hor. C. 3, 16, 31:fulgens sacerdotio,
Tac. H. 4, 42:quae sanguine fulget Juli,
Juv. 8, 42.—Hence, ful-gens, entis, P. a., shining, glittering; in a trop. sense, illustrious.—Comp.:fulgentior,
Sen. Ep. 115, 4.— Sup.:Messala fulgentissimus juvenis,
Vell. 2, 71, 1:opus Caesaris,
id. 2, 39, 1:(M. Tullius) fulgentissimo et caelesti ore,
id. 2, 64, 3:duo fulgentissima cognomina patris et patrui,
Val. Max. 3, 5, 1.— Adv.: fulgenter, glitteringly, resplendently.Lit.:2.quia sic fulgentius radiant,
Plin. 10, 20, 22, § 43. —Trop.:fulgentius instrui poterat luxuria, certe innocentius,
Plin. 22, 2, 3, § 4. -
3 ahtar-
do back; react; requite, avenge PE17:166. Also accar-. The note containing this form was struck out, but the related Sindarin word acharn vengeance appears in the narratives. -
4 accar-
vb. do back; react; requite, avenge PE17:166. Also ahtar-. The note containing this form was struck out, but the related Sindarin word acharn vengeance appears in the narratives. -
5 δοκέω
δοκέω impf. ἐδόκουν, 3 pl. ἐδοκοῦσαν Hs 9, 9, 5 (s. B-D-F §84, 3); fut. δόξω; 1 aor. ἔδοξα; pf. pass. 3 sg. δέδοκται 1 Esdr 8:11; ptc. δεδογμένον LXX (s. δόγμα; Hom.+).① to consider as probable, think, believe, suppose, consider, trans., of subjective opinion (Hom.+; pap; rare LXX).ⓐ w. inf. foll., when its subj. is identical w. that of the inf. (X., An. 2, 2, 14; Diod S 17, 27, 2 τοὺς δοκοῦντας νενικηκέναι; Pr 28:24; 4 Macc 13:14; Just., D. 2, 4 δοκεῖς κατόψεσθαι): μὴ δόξητε λέγειν do not suppose that you are to say Mt 3:9. ἐδόκουν πνεῦμα θεωρεῖν they thought they saw a ghost Lk 24:37. ὸ̔ δοκεῖ ἔχειν what he thinks he has 8:18 (cp. Jos., Bell. 3, 319). ὁ δοκῶν πνεῦμα ἔχειν the one who thinks he has the Spirit Hm 11:12; cp. J 5:39; 16:2; Ac 27:13; 1 Cor 7:40; Phil 3:4; Js 1:26; 2 Cl 17:3; Dg 3:5; 8:10; Hm 10, 2, 4.ⓑ foll. by the inf. w. a nom. ὅσῳ δοκεῖ μᾶλλον μείζων εἶναι the greater he thinks he is (or seems to be, s. 2 below) 1 Cl 48:6. εἴ τις δοκεῖ σοφὸς εἶναι if anyone thinks that he is wise 1 Cor 3:18. εἴ τις δοκεῖ προφήτης εἶναι 14:37. εἴ τις δοκεῖ φιλόνεικος εἶναι if anyone is disposed to be contentious 11:16.—Gal 6:3.ⓒ foll. by acc. and inf. w. subj. not identical (X., An. 1, 7, 1; PTebt 413, 6 μὴ δόξῃς με, κυρία, ἠμεληκέναι σου τῶν ἐντολῶν; Gen 38:15; 2 Macc 7:16; 3 Macc 5:5; Demetr.: 722 Fgm. 1, 1 Jac.; Jos., Ant. 2, 340; Just. A I, 3, 1; D. 118, 2) μή τίς με δόξῃ ἄφρονα εἶναι no one is to consider me foolish 2 Cor 11:16. ἃ δοκοῦμεν ἀτιμότερα εἶναι (the bodily members) which we consider less worthy of special attention 1 Cor 12:23.ⓓ w. ὅτι foll. (Arrian, Alex. An. 4, 28, 2) Mt 6:7; 26:53; Mk 6:49; Lk 12:51; 13:2, 4; J 5:45; 11:13, 31; 1 Cor 4:9 v.l.; 2 Cor 12:19; Js 4:5; Hv 4, 3, 7; 5:3.ⓔ used parenthetically (B-D-F §465, 2; Rob. 434; cp. Anacreontea 35, 15 Preis. πόσον δοκεῖς πονοῦσιν; Aristoph., Acharn. 12; Epict. 2, 19, 7; POxy 1218, 6f ἡ μήτηρ μου Θαῆσις εἰς Ἀντινόου, δοκῶ, ἐπὶ κηδίαν ἀπῆλθεν) πόσῳ δοκεῖτε χείρονος ἀξιωθήσεται τιμωρίας; how much more severely, do you think, will he be punished? Hb 10:29. τί δοκεῖτε ποιήσει; what, do you think, will he do? Hs 9, 28, 8; cp. 1 Cor 4:9. οὔ, δοκῶ I suppose not Lk 17:9 v.l.ⓕ elliptically (2 Macc 2:29) ᾗ οὐ δοκεῖτε ὥρᾳ ὁ υἱὸς τ. ἀνθρώπου ἔρχεται the Human One / Son of Man is coming at an hour when you do not think (he will come) Mt 24:44; cp. Lk 12:40. τί δοκεῖτε; what do you think? 1 Cl 43:6; 2 Cl 7:5. τί δοκεῖς τοὺς κεκλημένους; what do you think about those who have been called? Hs 9, 14, 5 (cp. X., An. 5, 7, 26 τούτους τί δοκεῖτε;).② to appear to one’s understanding, seem, be recognized asⓐ intr. (Hom. et al.; so mostly LXX)α. have the appearance w. dat. of pers. τίς τούτων … πλησίον δοκεῖ σοι γεγονέναι; who of these, do you think, proved to be a neighbor? Lk 10:36 (on τίνα … δοκεῖς … γεγονέναι; v.l. cp. 1c). δ. καταγγελεὺς εἶναι he seems to be a preacher Ac 17:18; cp. 1 Cor 12:22; 2 Cor 10:9; Hb 12:11; Dg 8:10 (παρὰ πᾶσι σπέρματα ἀληθείας δοκεῖ εἶναι Just., A I, 44, 10). εἴ τινι μὴ δοκοίη κἂν ταῦτα ἱκανά if that should seem to anybody to be insufficient Dg 2:10 (cp. Just., D. 42, 4). οὐδέν μοι δοκοῦσι διαφέρειν they seem to me to differ in no way 3:5 (παράδοξον λέγειν μοι δοκεῖς Just., D. 49, 6). ἔδοξα ἐμαυτῷ δεῖν πρᾶξαι=Lat. mihi videbar I was convinced that it was necessary to do Ac 26:9 (cp. Aristoph., Vesp. 177, 1265; Aeschin. 3, 53 [Schwyzer II 193]). GMary 463, 9. τὸ δοκεῖν in appearance (only) (Sextus 64; Sb 7696, 55 [250 A.D.]; Jos., Vi. 75, Ant. 14, 291 v.l. for τῷ δοκεῖν; s. Hdb. on ITr 10) ITr 10; ISm 2; 4:2. ὁ δοκῶν ἐνθάδε θάνατος what seems to be death in this world Dg 10:7 (τὰ δοκούντα καλά Just., A II, 1, 6; τῶν ἐν βαρβάροις … δοξάντων σοφῶν A I, 7, 3). As an expression serving to moderate a statement Hb 4:1.β. be influential, be recognized as being someth., have a reputation (cp. Sus 5; 2 Macc 1:13). οἱ δοκοῦντες (Eur., Hec. 295; Petosiris, Fgm. 6 ln. 58 οἱ δ.=the prominent dignitaries; Herodian 6, 1, 2; Jos., C. Ap. 1, 67) the influential men Gal 2:2, 6b. A fuller expr. w. the same mng., w. inf. added (X., Cyr. 7, 1, 41; Pla., Gorg. 472a, Euthd. 303c οἱ δοκοῦντες εἶναί τι; Plut. Mor. 212b δοκοῦντας εἶναί τινας; Epict., Ench. 33, 12; Herodian 4, 2, 5; Philo, Mos. 2, 241) vss. 6a, 9 (Pla., Apol. 6, 21b οἱ δοκοῦντες σοφοὶ εἶναι). WFoerster, D. δοκοῦντες in Gal 2: ZNW 36, ’38, 286–92 (against him, HGreeven, ZNW 44, ’52, 41 n. 100).—οἱ δοκοῦντες ἄρχειν those who are reputed to be rulers Mk 10:42 (cp. Plut., Arat. 1047 [43, 2] ᾧ δουλεύουσιν οἱ δοκοῦντες ἄρχειν).ⓑ impers. δοκεῖ μοι it seems to me (Ael. Aristid. 47 p. 427 D.: ἔμοιγε δοκεῖ; Jos., Ant. 6, 227 δοκεῖ σοι; Just., D. 5, 2 οὕτως δοκεῖ ὀρθῶς ἔχειν).α. I think, believe (cp. 1 above): τί σοι δοκεῖ; what do you think? Mt 17:25; 22:17. τί ὑμῖν δοκεῖ; 18:12; 21:28; 26:66; J 11:56. W. περί τινος foll. (Lucian, Dial. Deor. 6, 4) Mt 22:42; GMary 463, 6 (PRyl 3, 463). W. acc. and inf. foll. (Ael. Aristid. 46 p. 344 D.) οὐ δοκεῖ σοι τὸ μετανοῆσαι σύνεσιν εἶναι; do you not think that repentance is understanding? Hm 4, 2, 2; cp. m 8:6; 11; 10, 1, 2. τὸ δοκοῦν τινι someone’s discretion (Diod S 19, 91, 1 αὐτῷ τὸ δοκοῦν=his discretion; Just., A II, 14, 1 τὸ ὑμῖν δοκοῦν) κατὰ τὸ δ. αὐτοῖς at their discretion (Lucian, Tim. 25; cp. Thu. 1, 84, 2 παρὰ τὸ δοκοῦν ἡμῖν) Hb 12:10.β. it seems best to me, I decide, I resolve w. inf. foll. (X., An. 1, 10, 17; Diod S 18, 55, 2; Appian, Iber. 63 §265; SIG 1169, 77 [IV B.C.]; Jos., Ant. 6, 321) Lk 1:3 (decretal style; cp. the foll. pass.); as administrative t.t. (freq. ins, e.g. IPriene 105, 20 [9 B.C.]) Ac 15:22, 25, 28 (cp. Jos., Ant. 16, 163 ἔδοξέ μοι κ. τῷ ἐμῷ συμβουλίῳ … χρῆσθαι; Dio Chrys. 80 [30], 8 ἔδοξε τῷ θεῷ; s. Ferguson, Legal Terms 50–53 on the socio-cultural implications of these Ac pass.; Danker, Benefactor 310–13; s. also MSimon, BJRL 52, ’69/70, 437–60; CPerrot, RSR 69, ’81, 195–208); ἄλογον γάρ μοι δοκεῖ I decided that is was unreasonable 25:27. Cp. MPol 12:3. ὡς ἄν σοι δόξῃ as it may seem best to you D 13:7 (Arrian, Cyneg. 3. 4 ὥς μοι δοκεῖ).—Cp. the contrast of the two mngs.: τὰ ἀεὶ δοκοῦντα … τῷ δοκοῦντι εἶναι ἀληθῆ=‘that which seems true is true to one who thinks it’ Pla., Tht. 158e (s. L-S-J-M δ. end).—EHamp, ClPh 63, ’68, 285–87.—B. 1121. DELG. Schmidt, Syn. I 321–28 s. δόξα. M-M. EDNT. TW. Sv. -
6 εὐφραίνω
εὐφραίνω fut. εὐφρανῶ LXX; 1 aor. εὔ-and ηὔφρανα LXX; inf. εὐφρᾶναι Hm 12, 3, 4; B 21:9. Pass.: 1 fut. εὐφρανθήσομαι; 1 aor. ηὐφράνθην (also εὐ-LXX) (s. φρήν; Hom.+).① to cause to be glad, gladden, cheer (up) τινά someone act. (Hom.+; OGI 504, 10 εὐφρᾶναι ὑμᾶς; PFlor 154 II, 12; LXX; En 107:3; Philo, Spec. Leg. 3, 186; Jos., Ant. 4, 117) τίς ὁ εὐφραίνων με; who makes me glad? 2 Cor 2:2. εἰς τὸ εὐφρᾶναι ὑμᾶς to cheer you B 21:9. Of the commandments of the angel of repentance δυνάμεναι εὐφρᾶναι καρδίαν ἀνθρώπου be able to gladden the heart of a person Hm 12, 3, 4 (cp. Ps 18:9; 103:15 εὐφραίνει καρδίαν ἀνθρώπου; Pr 23:15; Sir 40:20; PsSol 5:12 εὐφρᾶναι ψυχὴν ταπεινοῦ; Aelian, VH 1, 32; CB I/2 386 no. 232, 19 τὴν ψυχὴν εὐφραίνετε πάντοτε).② to be glad or delighted, be glad, enjoy oneself, rejoice, celebrate pass. w. act. sense (Hom.+; also OdeSol 11:15; Ar. [Milne 76, 30]; Just., D. 80, 1 al; Mel., P. 16, 103 al.) ἐπί τινι (Aristoph., Acharn. 5; X., Symp. 7, 5; Epict. 4, 4, 46; BGU 1080, 7; Sir 16:1, 2; 18:32; 1 Macc 11:44; 12:12; Philo, Mos. 1. 247; TestLevi 18:13) Rv 18:20; B 10:11. ἐπί τινα (Is 61:10; Ps 31:11) Rv 18:20 v.l. ἔν τινι in, about, or over someone or someth. (X., Hier. 1, 16; BGU 248, 28; Sir 14:5; 39:31; 51:15, 29; PsSol 5:18; ApcMos 43; Philo, Spec. Leg. 2, 194) Hs 9, 18, 4; Rv 18:20 v.l. ἐν τοῖς ἔργοις τῶν χειρῶν Ac 7:41 (s. 3 below); ἐν τοῖς δικαιώμασιν αὐτοῦ εὐ. take delight in God’s ordinances B 4:11 (cp. Ps 18:9). διά τινος be gladdened by someth. = rejoice in someth. (X., Hier. 1, 8; Philo, Spec. Leg. 2, 194) 1:8. Abs. (PGM 3, 24; 4, 2389; En 25:6; TestSol 1:1 A; 1:10 D; ParJer 6:6; Philo, Cher. 86; SibOr 3, 785) Lk 15:32 (but s. 3 below); Ac 2:26 (Ps 15:9); Ro 15:10 (Dt 32:43); Gal 4:27 (Is 54:1); Rv 11:10; 12:12; 1 Cl 52:2 (Ps 68:32); 2 Cl 2:1 (Is 54:1); 19:4; Dg 12:9; Hv 3, 4, 2; m 5, 1, 2; Hs 5, 7, 1; 9, 11, 8; ApcPt 4:18. Esp. of the joys of dining (Od. 2, 311; X., Cyr. 8, 7, 12; Dt 14:26; 27:7; TestAbr 4 p. 80, 25 [Stone p. 8], B 5 p. 109, 16 [Stone p. 66]) φάγε, πίε, εὐφραίνου eat, drink, be merry Lk 12:19 (cp. Eccl 8:15; Eur., Alcest. 788; for the theme cp. Is 22:13; 1 Cor 15:32 and s. ἐσθίω 1d); cp. 15:23f, 29 and s. 3 below; 16:19. τελεσθέντος τοῦ δείπνου κατέβησαν εὐφρανόμενοι GJs 6:3.③ to observe a special occasion with festivity, celebrate pass., in this sense prob. Lk 15:23, 29, 32; Ac 7:41 (s. 2 above).—DELG s.v. φρήν. M-M. EDNT. TW. -
7 πάλιν
πάλιν adv. (Hom.+). On the spelling s. B-D-F §20, end; Mlt-H. 113).① pert. to return to a position or state, backⓐ w. verbs of going, sending, turning, calling etc. πάλιν ἄγειν go back, return J 11:7. ἀναβαίνειν Gal 2:1. ἀναχωρεῖν J 6:15. ἀποστέλλειν send back Mk 11:3. διαπερᾶν 5:21. ἔρχεσθαι (Jos., Ant. 2, 106; 11, 243) Mt 26:43; Mk 11:27; J 4:46; 2 Cor 1:16. ἀπέρχεσθαι Mk 14:39; J 4:3. εἰσέρχεσθαι Mk 2:1 (ParJer 7:22). ἐξέρχεσθαι 7:31 (ParJer 9:12). ἐπιστρέφειν turn back Gal 4:9a. παραγίνεσθαι J 8:2, etc. πάλιν λαβεῖν take back (X., An. 4, 2, 13) 10:17f. παραλαβὼν πάλιν τοὺς δώδεκα he brought the twelve back (after he had been separated fr. them for a time, and had preceded them) Mk 10:32. ἀνεσπάσθη πάλιν ἅπαντα εἰς τ. οὐρανόν everything was drawn back into heaven Ac 11:10.—ἡ ἐμὴ παρουσία πάλιν πρὸς ὑμᾶς my return to you Phil 1:26.—Also pleonastically w. verbs that express the component ‘back’ (Eur., Ep. 1, 1 ἀναπέμπω πάλιν) πάλιν ἀνακάμπτειν (Bacchylides 17, 81f πάλιν ἀνεκάμπτετʼ; Synes., Kingship p. 29b) Ac 18:21. πάλιν ὑποστρέφειν Gal 1:17 (s. B-D-F §484; cp. Rob. 1205).ⓑ in expressions that denote a falling back into a previous state or a return to a previous activity (TestAbr A 6 p. 89, 13 [Stone p. 14] ἠγέρθη πάλιν ὁ μόσχος; ApcMos 41 πάλιν τὴν ἀνάστασιν ἐπαγγέλομαί σοι; Just., A I, 18, 6; Tat. 11, 2). In Engl. mostly again. εἰ ἃ κατέλυσα ταῦτα πάλιν οἰκοδομῶ Gal 2:18. ἵνα πάλιν ἐπὶ τὸ αὐτὸ ἦτε 1 Cor 7:5. διψήσει πάλιν J 4:13. πάλιν εἰς φόβον Ro 8:15. Cp. 11:23; Gal 5:1; Phil 2:28; Hb 5:12; 6:6; 2 Pt 2:20.② pert. to repetition in the same (or similar) manner, again, once more, anew of someth. a pers. has already done (TestAbr A 15 p. 96, 7 [Stone p. 40, 7]; TestJob 15:9; 44:2; JosAs 10:19; ParJer 9:21; Jos., Ant. 12, 109; Just., D. 3, 5 al.), of an event, or of a state or circumstance (Dicaearch., Fgm. 34 W. Pythagoras flees first to Καυλωνία … ἐκεῖθεν δὲ πάλιν εἰς Λοκρούς; ApcEsdr 4:13 κατήγαγόν με … καὶ πάλιν κατήγαγόν με βαθμοὺς τριάκοντα). πάλιν παραλαμβάνει αὐτὸν ὁ διάβολος εἰς ὄρος Mt 4:8 (cp. vs. 5). πάλιν ἐξελθών 20:5 (cp. vs. 3). πότε πάλιν ὄψονται αὐτόν when they would see (Paul) again AcPl Ha 6, 17. ἵνα παρά σου πάλιν ἀκούσωμεν AcPlCor 1:6.—Mt 21:36 (cp. vs. 34); 26:44 (cp. vs. 42), 72; 27:50; Mk 2:13; 3:1; 4:1. πάλιν πολλοῦ ὄχλου ὄντος 8:1 (cp. 6:34).—8:25; 10:1, 24; Lk 23:20 (cp. vs. 13); J 1:35 (cp. vs. 29); 8:8; 20:26; Ac 17:32; Gal 1:9; Phil 4:4; Js 5:18; Hv 3, 1, 5 al.; GJs 17:2; 23:2; AcPl Ha 4, 1.—Somet. w. additions which, in part, define πάλιν more exactly: πάλ. δεύτερον (cp. P. Argentor. Gr. 53, 5: Kl. T. 135 p. 47 τὸ δεύτερον πάλιν) J 21:16. πάλ. ἐκ δευτέρου (Ctesias: 688 Fgm. 14, 31 Jac.; 4 [6] Esdr [POxy 1010]; PCairMasp 24, 12) Mt 26:42; Ac 10:15. Also pleonastically πάλ. ἄνωθεν Gal 4:9b (s. ἄνωθεν 4). αὖ πάλιν Papias (2:9) (cp. Just., A I, 20, 2). πάλιν ἐξ ἀρχῆς (Mnesimachus Com. [IV B.C.] 4, 24; Diod S 17, 37, 5) B 16:8.—εἰς τὸ πάλιν= πάλιν 2 Cor 13:2 (on this s. WSchmid, Der Attizismus 1887–97, I 167; II 129; III 282; IV 455; 625).③ marker of a discourse or narrative item added to items of a related nature, also, again, furthermore, thereupon (Ps.-Pla., Eryx. 11, 397a καὶ π. with a series of examples): very oft. in a series of quotations fr. scripture (cp. Diod S 37, 30, 2 καὶ πάλιν … καὶ … followed both times by a poetic quotation; a third one had preceded these. All three deal with riches as the highest good and probably come from a collection of quotations; Ps.-Demetr. c. 184 καὶ πάλιν … καὶ π. with one quotation each. Cp. also Diod S 1, 96, 6; Diog. L. 2, 18; 3, 16; Athen. 4, 17, 140c; 14, 634d; Plut., Mor. 361a καὶ πάλιν … καὶ … ; a quotation follows both times; Just., A I, 35, 5; 38, 2 al.; Ath. 9, 1 al.) J 12:39; 19:37; Ro 15:10–12; 1 Cor 3:20; Hb 1:5; 2:13ab; 4:5; 10:30; 1 Cl 10:4; 15:3f; 16:15; 17:6; 26:3; B 2:7; B 3:1; B 6:2, B 4, B 6, B 14, B 16 and oft. In a series of parables (Simplicius, In Epict. p. 111, 13–34 connects by means of π. two stories that are along the same lines as the Good Samaritan and the Pharisee and the publican; Kephal. I 76, 34; 77, 8 [a series of proverbs]) Lk 13:20 (cp. vs. 18). Also a favorite expr. when a speaker takes up a formula previously used and continues: πάλιν ἠκούσατε Mt 5:33 (cp. vs. 27). πάλιν ὁμοία ἐστὶν ἡ βασιλεία 13:45 (cp. vs. 44), 47.—18:19 (cp. vs. 18); 19:24 (cp. vs. 23).④ marker of contrast or an alternative aspect, on the other hand, in turn (Pla., Gorg. 482d; Theocr. 12, 14; Polyb. 10, 9, 1; Diod S 4, 46, 3; Chariton 7, 6, 9; Wsd 13:8; 16:23; 2 Macc 15:39; TestJob 26:4; GrBar 4:15; Just., D. 41, 4 al.) πάλιν γέγραπται on the other hand, it is written Mt 4:7. πάλ. Ἀνδρέας Andrew in turn J 12:22 v.l.—1 Cor 12:21. τοῦτο λογιζέσθω πάλ. ἐφʼ ἐαυτοῦ let him remind himself, on the other hand 2 Cor 10:7; on the other hand Lk 6:43; 1J 2:8.⑤ A special difficulty is presented by Mk 15:13, where the first outcry of the crowd is reported w. the words οἱ δὲ πάλιν ἔκραξεν. Is it simply a connective (so δὲ πάλιν Ps.-Callisth. 2, 21, 22; POxy 1676, 20 ἀλλὰ καὶ λυποῦμαι πάλιν ὅτι ἐκτός μου εἶ)? Is it because a different source is here used? Or is the meaning they shouted back? (so Goodsp.); s. 1a. Or is this really a second outcry, and is the first one hidden behind vs. 8 or 11? Acc. to the parallel Mt 27:21f, which actually mentions several outcries, one after the other, the first one may have been: τὸν Βαραββᾶν. The πάλιν of J 18:40 is also hard to explain (Bultmann 502; 509, 3). Could there be a connection here betw. Mk and J?—Another possibility would be to classify Mk 15:13 and J 18:40 under 4 above, with the meaning in turn (Aristoph., Acharn. 342 et al.; s. L-S-J-M). On a poss. Aram. background s. JHudson, ET 53, ’41/42, 267f; Mlt-H. 446; Mlt-Turner 229; MBlack, An Aramaic Approach3, ’67, 112f.—B. 989. DELG. M-M. -
8 σπαράσσω
σπαράσσω 1 aor. ἐσπάραξα. Pass.: aor. 3 pl. ἐσπαράχθησαν 2 Km 22:8; pf. ptc. nom. pl. fem. ἐσπαραγμέναι 3 Macc 4:6 (orig. ‘tear, pull to and fro, rend’; Aristoph., Ran. 424 τὰς γνάθους; Diod S 8, 32, 3 and 19, 34, 3 τὰς τρίχας; Chariton 3, 10, 4 τὰς κόμας; Jos., Ant. 11, 141 τὴν κεφαλήν; Da 8:7 ἐσπάραξεν αὐτὸν ἐπὶ τὴν γῆν.—The word in another sense goes back to Aeschyl. [Prom. 1018, Zeus will shatter a jagged prominence]; also PPetr II, 17, 4, 2; 6; LXX, Philo) τινά someone (Aristoph., Acharn. 688 ἄνδρα σπαράττων καὶ ταράττων; s. Herodas 5, 57 ‘handle roughly’; JosAs 12:10; Jos., Ant. 13, 233) shake to and fro an unclean spirit convulses the person in whom it dwells (ἄνθρωπος σπαραττόμενος of an attack: Cyranides p. 59, 15) Mk 1:26; 9:20 v.l.; Lk 9:39. W. acc. of pers. to be supplied Mk 9:26.—B. 566. DELG. M-M. -
9 συνεσθίω
συνεσθίω impf. συνήσθιον; 2 aor. συνέφαγον (Pla. et al.; Plut., Lucian; SIG 1179; LXX; TestSim 6:7 [Christ. interpolation]; JosAs 7:1) eat with τινί someone (Pla., Leg. 9, 881d; Epict., Ench. 36; Ps 100:5) Lk 15:2; Ac 11:3; 1 Cor 5:11; PEg2 34 (ASyn. 42, 30); w. συμπίνειν (as Polyaenus 6, 24; SIG 1179, 18f) Ac 10:41; ISm 3:3. Instead of the dat. μετά τινος (cp. Ex 18:12; Aristoph., Acharn. 277 ξυμπίνειν μετά τινος; JosAs 7:1) Gal 2:12. VParkin, Studia Evangelica III, ’64, 250–53; CHeil, Die Ablehnung der Speisegebote durch Paulus ’94.—DELG s.v. ἔδω. M-M.
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