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1 Ebener, Erasmus
SUBJECT AREA: Metallurgy[br]b. 21 December 1511 Nuremberg, Germanyd. 24 November 1577 Helmstedt, Germany[br]German mining entrepreneur who introduced a new method ofbrassmaking.[br]A descendant of Nuremberg nobility, Ebener became recognized as a statesman in his native city and was employed also by foreign dignitaries. His appointment as Privy Councillor to the Dukes of Brunswick involved him in mining and metallurgical affairs at the great Rammelsberg mixed-ore mine at Goslar in the Harz mountains. About 1550, at Rammelsberg, Ebener is believed to have made brass by incorporating accretions of zinc formed in crevices of local lead-smelting furnaces. This small-scale production of impure zinc, formerly discarded as waste, could be used to replace calamine, the carbonate ore of zinc, which by tradition had been combined with copper in European brassmaking. Ercker, writing in 1574, mentions the accretions at Goslar obtained by removing furnace sections to make this material available for brass. The true nature of the zinc ore, calamine, and zinc metal compared with these accretions was determined only much later, but variation in quality with respect to impurities made the material most suitable for cast brassware rather than beaten goods. As quantities were small and much valued, distribution from Goslar was limited, not normally reaching Britain, where production of brasses continued to rely on calamine or expensive zinc imports from the East. Rammelsberg profited from the waste material accumulating over the years and its use at Bundheim brassworks east of Goslar. Ebener partnered Duke Henry the Younger of Brunswick in financing a new drainage adit at Rammelsberg, and was later granted several iron mines and smelting works. From 1556 he was granted rights to market calamine from the Lower Harz and copper sulphate from Rammelsberg. Ebener later had an important role at the court of Duke Julius, son of Henry, advising him on the founding of Helmstedt University.[br]Bibliography1572, "Sundry expositions on mines, metals and other useful things found in the Harz and especially at the Rammelsberg", reproduced and annotated by F.J.F.Meyer and J.F.L.Hausmann, 1805 Hercynian Archive.Further ReadingBeckmann, 1846, History of Inventions, Vol. II, trans. William Johnston, London (the most concise account).W.Bornhardt, 1989, "The History of Rammelsberg Mine", trans. T.A.Morrison, The Mining Journal (has additional brief references to Ebener in the context of Rammelsberg).JD -
2 бортовые настыли
Aluminium industry: side accretions, side-wall accretions -
3 наслоения грязи
1) General subject: accrescence of grime, accretions of grime (на стенах и т. п.)2) Makarov: accretions of grime (на стенах и т.п.) -
4 acumulación
f.1 accumulation, cumulation, assemblage, build-up.2 accumulation, amassment.3 accumulation, buildup, bunch, congeries.* * *1 accumulation* * *noun f.* * *SF (=acto) accumulation; (=reserva) pile, stock* * *femenino accumulation* * *= accumulation, build-up [buildup], accretion, congestion, hoarding, accrual, stockpiling.Ex. Preliminary decisions must be taken before plunging into the accumulation of index terms, and analysis of relationships.Ex. No problem usually with terminals and micros but there could be an undesirable temperature build-up in confined areas.Ex. The introduction of computer filing has made us examine every aspect of the process, to stop doing things out of habit, to retain those principles which are logical and comprehensible and to discard those which are simply the accretions of the years.Ex. The transmission of data on the conventional telephone network is inconvenient because it takes up the available channels for longer times than the average conversation thus causing congestion.Ex. Too often, the librarian's expertise is seen as a hoarding function.Ex. Calcium and possibly vitamin D intake throughout childhood and adolescence may enhance bone mineral accrual.Ex. The consequences of the massive stockpiling and consumption of antimicrobial agents in order to treat or prevent this disease must also be considered.----* acumulación anual = year cumulation.* acumulación de reservas = stockpile, accumulation of stockpiles, stockpiling.* * *femenino accumulation* * *= accumulation, build-up [buildup], accretion, congestion, hoarding, accrual, stockpiling.Ex: Preliminary decisions must be taken before plunging into the accumulation of index terms, and analysis of relationships.
Ex: No problem usually with terminals and micros but there could be an undesirable temperature build-up in confined areas.Ex: The introduction of computer filing has made us examine every aspect of the process, to stop doing things out of habit, to retain those principles which are logical and comprehensible and to discard those which are simply the accretions of the years.Ex: The transmission of data on the conventional telephone network is inconvenient because it takes up the available channels for longer times than the average conversation thus causing congestion.Ex: Too often, the librarian's expertise is seen as a hoarding function.Ex: Calcium and possibly vitamin D intake throughout childhood and adolescence may enhance bone mineral accrual.Ex: The consequences of the massive stockpiling and consumption of antimicrobial agents in order to treat or prevent this disease must also be considered.* acumulación anual = year cumulation.* acumulación de reservas = stockpile, accumulation of stockpiles, stockpiling.* * *accumulation* * *
acumulación sustantivo femenino
accumulation
' acumulación' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
banco
- concentración
English:
accumulation
- build-up
- build
- responsible
* * *acumulación nf1. [acción] accumulation2. [montón] accumulation, collection;una acumulación peligrosa de residuos a dangerous build-up of waste deposits* * *f accumulation* * * -
5 adición
f.1 addition, increase, increment.2 addition, annexation, adding, annex.3 addition, sum.* * *1 addition* * *noun f.* * *SF1) (Mat) addition; (=sumar) adding, adding up2) (Jur) acceptance3) Cono Sur (=cuenta) bill, check (EEUU)* * *a) ( acción) addition; ( parte añadida) additionb) (Mat) additionc) (RPl) ( cuenta) check (AmE), bill (BrE)* * *= addition, summation, supplementation, accretion, infusion, adding.Ex. A scheme should allow expansion, to permit the additions of new subjects or more specific subdivision of existing subjects.Ex. The summation of human experience is being expanded at a prodigious rate, and the means we use for threading through the consequent maze to the momentarily important item is the same as was used in the days of square-rigged ships.Ex. Even with such a limitation and many later supplementations by various hands, by way of addition, correction and amplification, it falls far short of completeness.Ex. The introduction of computer filing has made us examine every aspect of the process, to stop doing things out of habit, to retain those principles which are logical and comprehensible and to discard those which are simply the accretions of the years.Ex. The infusion of computers and data bases into the law office and the tremendous increase in published legal materials have given rise to the need for the law librarian.Ex. This can range from simple adding of columns to automatic recalculation of all related figures when one is changed (as in a spreadsheet; see below).----* adición de valor = value adding.* * *a) ( acción) addition; ( parte añadida) additionb) (Mat) additionc) (RPl) ( cuenta) check (AmE), bill (BrE)* * *= addition, summation, supplementation, accretion, infusion, adding.Ex: A scheme should allow expansion, to permit the additions of new subjects or more specific subdivision of existing subjects.
Ex: The summation of human experience is being expanded at a prodigious rate, and the means we use for threading through the consequent maze to the momentarily important item is the same as was used in the days of square-rigged ships.Ex: Even with such a limitation and many later supplementations by various hands, by way of addition, correction and amplification, it falls far short of completeness.Ex: The introduction of computer filing has made us examine every aspect of the process, to stop doing things out of habit, to retain those principles which are logical and comprehensible and to discard those which are simply the accretions of the years.Ex: The infusion of computers and data bases into the law office and the tremendous increase in published legal materials have given rise to the need for the law librarian.Ex: This can range from simple adding of columns to automatic recalculation of all related figures when one is changed (as in a spreadsheet; see below).* adición de valor = value adding.* * *1 (acción) additioncon la adición de un prefijo with the addition of a prefix, by adding a prefix2 (parte añadida) additionlas últimas adiciones a su colección the latest additions to his collection3 ( Mat) addition* * *
adición sustantivo femeninoa) (Mat) addition
adición sustantivo femenino addition ➣ Ver nota en sumar
' adición' also found in these entries:
English:
addition
- bill
- check
- sum
* * *adición nf1. [suma] addition;hay que efectuar la adición de todos los gastos we have to calculate the total cost2. [añadidura] addition;el garage es una adición reciente the garage is a recent addition3. RP [cuenta] Br bill, US check* * *f1 MAT addition2 Rplen restaurante check, Brbill* * ** * *adición n addition -
6 ordenación automática
(n.) = computer filingEx. The introduction of computer filing has made us examine every aspect of the process, to stop doing things out of habit, to retain those principles which are logical and comprehensible and to discard those which are simply the accretions of the years.* * *(n.) = computer filingEx: The introduction of computer filing has made us examine every aspect of the process, to stop doing things out of habit, to retain those principles which are logical and comprehensible and to discard those which are simply the accretions of the years.
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7 ordenación por ordenador
(n.) = computer filingEx. The introduction of computer filing has made us examine every aspect of the process, to stop doing things out of habit, to retain those principles which are logical and comprehensible and to discard those which are simply the accretions of the years.* * *(n.) = computer filingEx: The introduction of computer filing has made us examine every aspect of the process, to stop doing things out of habit, to retain those principles which are logical and comprehensible and to discard those which are simply the accretions of the years.
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8 K03.6
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9 башни и другие позднейшие пристройки к замку
1) General subject: towers and other accrescence to the castle2) Makarov: towers and other accretions to the castleУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > башни и другие позднейшие пристройки к замку
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10 adherencia
f.1 stickiness, adhesion.2 appendage (parte añadida).3 adherence, adhesion, adhesiveness, cling.* * *1 (adhesión) adherence2 (pegajosidad) adhesion, sticking3 AUTOMÓVIL roadholding1 MEDICINA adhesion* * *SF1) (=calidad) adherence; (=acción) adhesion2) (=vínculo) bond, connection3) (Aut) road holding4)* * *a) ( acción) adherenceb) (Auto) grip, roadholdingc) (Med) adhesion* * *= adherence, bond, adhesion, traction.Ex. It was decided to apply stamped cloth strips, produced by a commercial library bindery to the spines and to use a polyvinyl acetate for adherence.Ex. Networking creates bonds where none may have existed and multiplies individual capabilities manifold.Ex. Microbiological action contributes to loss of adhesion and blistering of anticorrosive organic coatings.Ex. Grooves in manhole covers are necessary to provide traction in all kinds of weather to the vehicles above.* * *a) ( acción) adherenceb) (Auto) grip, roadholdingc) (Med) adhesion* * *= adherence, bond, adhesion, traction.Ex: It was decided to apply stamped cloth strips, produced by a commercial library bindery to the spines and to use a polyvinyl acetate for adherence.
Ex: Networking creates bonds where none may have existed and multiplies individual capabilities manifold.Ex: Microbiological action contributes to loss of adhesion and blistering of anticorrosive organic coatings.Ex: Grooves in manhole covers are necessary to provide traction in all kinds of weather to the vehicles above.* * *1 (acción) adherence2 ( Auto) grip, roadholding3 ( Med) adhesion* * *
adherencia sustantivo femenino
c) (Med) adhesion
adherencia sustantivo femenino
1 (entre dos superficies) adherence: conseguimos una adherencia absoluta entre las dos piezas, the two pieces bonded perfectly
2 (cualidad, condición) adhesiveness
3 Auto (estabilidad) roadholding
(de los neumáticos) grip
' adherencia' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
adhesión
English:
grip
- bond
- traction
* * *adherencia nf1. [de sustancia, superficie] stickiness, adhesion2. [de neumáticos] roadholding3. [parte añadida] appendage4.adherencias [en herida] adhesions* * *f MED adhesion* * *adherencia nf1) : adherence, adhesiveness2) : appendage, accretion -
11 лёд
* * *лёд м.
iceвса́сывать лёд ( о двигателе самолёта) — ingest ice (blocks, lumps)лёд нараста́ет — ice builds up [forms accretions]пригота́вливать (иску́сственный) лёд в фо́рмах — make (manufactured) ice in cansраста́пливать лёд — melt iceсбра́сывать лёд (о проводах линий электропередачи, связи и т. п.) — shed iceудаля́ть лёд с крыла́ самолё́та — de-ice the wingsбло́чный лёд — block iceдо́нный лёд — anchor [bottom] iceдрейфу́ющий лёд — drift iceдроблё́ный лёд — crushed iceиску́сственный лёд — manufactured iceкристалли́ческий лёд — crystal iceкрупнокусково́й лёд — chunk [coarse] iceпищево́й лёд — food service iceсублими́рованный лёд — sublimated iceсухо́й лёд — dry [carbon dioxide] ice, solid carbon dioxideлёд с хими́ческими доба́вками — chemical iceтяжё́лый лёд — heavy [thick] ice -
12 K00.3
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13 K03.7
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14 акреция на междузвездното вещество
астр.accretion of interstellar matterастр.accretions of interstellar matterБългарски-Angleščina политехнически речник > акреция на междузвездното вещество
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15 газова акреция
астр.accretion by gasастр.accretions by gas -
16 прирасти
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17 naleciałoś|ć
f zw. pl książk. foreign influence- oczyścić język z obcych naleciałości to purify a language of foreign influences- usunąć z tekstu późniejsze naleciałości to remove later accretions from a textThe New English-Polish, Polish-English Kościuszko foundation dictionary > naleciałoś|ć
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18 пристройка
annex(e); extension; ( отдельная) outhouse; (лёгкая, вроде навеса) lean-to; (позднейшее дополнение к чему-л. основному, первоначально построенному) accretion -
19 קריד
קָרִידm. ( קרד; cmp. גְּרִיד) ( a pot) covered with a crust formed of hardened sediments. Ab. Zar.76a האי ק׳ והאי לא ק׳ (Ms. M. קריר, cmp. גָּרַד a. גָּרַר) the one (a vessel taken from gentiles) has crusty accretions, the other (a sacred vessel) has none. -
20 קָרִיד
קָרִידm. ( קרד; cmp. גְּרִיד) ( a pot) covered with a crust formed of hardened sediments. Ab. Zar.76a האי ק׳ והאי לא ק׳ (Ms. M. קריר, cmp. גָּרַד a. גָּרַר) the one (a vessel taken from gentiles) has crusty accretions, the other (a sacred vessel) has none.
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