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1 absorption of gases
English-Russian electronics dictionary > absorption of gases
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2 absorption of gases
The New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > absorption of gases
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3 absorption
1) поглощение2) абсорбция•- absorption of light
- absorption of liquids
- absorption of radio waves
- acoustical absorption
- anisotropic absorption
- atmospheric absorption
- auroral absorption
- background absorption
- bandgap absorption
- Cerenkov absorption
- characteristic absorption
- charge-transfer absorption
- cloud absorption
- collisional absorption
- Compton absorption
- cyclotron absorption
- deviative absorption
- dichroic absorption
- dielectric absorption
- differential absorption
- dipole absorption
- edge absorption
- electrochemical absorption
- electronic shock absorption
- energy absorption
- equivalent absorption
- exciton absorption
- exponential absorption
- extrinsic absorption
- ferromagnetic-resonance absorption
- field-induced absorption
- fractional absorption
- free-carrier absorption
- fundamental absorption
- ground absorption
- heat absorption
- hypersonic absorption
- impurity absorption
- induced absorption
- interband absorption
- inter-subband absorption
- intraband absorption
- intracavity absorption
- intra-subband absorption
- intrinsic absorption
- ionospheric absorption
- isotropic absorption
- lattice absorption
- magnon-phonon absorption
- majority-carrier absorption
- microwave absorption
- minority-carrier absorption
- moisture absorption
- multiphoton absorption
- multipole absorption
- negative absorption
- neutral absorption
- nondeviative absorption
- nonresonance absorption
- nuclear magnetic resonance absorption
- optical absorption
- Overhauser-enhanced absorption
- pair-production absorption
- paramagnetic resonance absorption
- parasitic absorption
- photoelectric absorption
- plasma absorption
- polar cap absorption
- quadrupole absorption
- quantized absorption
- rainfall absorption
- resonance absorption
- reststrahl absorption
- Sabine absorption
- saturable optical absorption
- selective absorption
- self absorption
- single-level absorption
- solar energy absorption
- sound absorption
- specific absorption
- spectral absorption
- spin-phonon absorption
- spin-resonance absorption
- sporadic E-absorption
- stimulated absorption
- subsidiary-resonance absorption
- surface-state absorption
- thermal absorption
- triplet-triplet absorption
- two-magnon absorption
- two-photon absorption
- water vapor absorption
- wing absorption
- X-ray absorption -
4 absorption
1) поглощение2) абсорбция•- absorption of light
- absorption of liquids
- absorption of radio waves
- acoustical absorption
- anisotropic absorption
- atmospheric absorption
- auroral absorption
- background absorption
- bandgap absorption
- Cerenkov absorption
- characteristic absorption
- charge-transfer absorption
- cloud absorption
- collisional absorption
- Compton absorption
- cyclotron absorption
- deviative absorption
- dichroic absorption
- dielectric absorption
- differential absorption
- dipole absorption
- edge absorption
- electrochemical absorption
- electronic shock absorption
- energy absorption
- equivalent absorption
- exciton absorption
- exponential absorption
- extrinsic absorption
- ferromagnetic-resonance absorption
- field-induced absorption
- fractional absorption
- free-carrier absorption
- fundamental absorption
- ground absorption
- heat absorption
- hypersonic absorption
- impurity absorption
- induced absorption
- interband absorption
- inter-subband absorption
- intraband absorption
- intracavity absorption
- intra-subband absorption
- intrinsic absorption
- ionospheric absorption
- isotropic absorption
- lattice absorption
- magnon-phonon absorption
- majority-carrier absorption
- microwave absorption
- minority-carrier absorption
- moisture absorption
- multiphoton absorption
- multipole absorption
- negative absorption
- neutral absorption
- nondeviative absorption
- nonresonance absorption
- nuclear magnetic resonance absorption
- optical absorption
- Overhauser-enhanced absorption
- pair-production absorption
- paramagnetic resonance absorption
- parasitic absorption
- photoelectric absorption
- plasma absorption
- polar cap absorption
- quadrupole absorption
- quantized absorption
- rainfall absorption
- resonance absorption
- reststrahl absorption
- Sabine absorption
- saturable optical absorption
- selective absorption
- self absorption
- single-level absorption
- solar energy absorption
- sound absorption
- specific absorption
- spectral absorption
- spin-phonon absorption
- spin-resonance absorption
- sporadic E absorption
- stimulated absorption
- subsidiary-resonance absorption
- surface-state absorption
- thermal absorption
- triplet-triplet absorption
- two-magnon absorption
- two-photon absorption
- water vapor absorption
- wing absorption
- X-ray absorptionThe New English-Russian Dictionary of Radio-electronics > absorption
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5 абсорбция газов
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6 абсорбция газов
Русско-английский словарь по радиоэлектронике > абсорбция газов
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7 Daltonov zakon apsorpcije gasova
• Dalton law of absorption of gasesСрпски-Енглески Технички речник > Daltonov zakon apsorpcije gasova
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8 امتصاص الغازات
gases absorption -
9 Crookes, Sir William
SUBJECT AREA: Electricity[br]b. 17 June 1832 London, Englandd. 4 April 1919 London, England[br]English chemist and physicist who carried out studies of electrical discharges and cathode rays in rarefied gases, leading to the development of the cathode ray tube; discoverer of the element thallium and the principle of the Crookes radiometer.[br]Crookes entered the Royal College of Chemistry at the age of 15, and from 1850 to 1854 held the appointment of Assistant at the college. In 1854 he became Superintendent of the Meteorological Department at the Radcliffe Observatory in Oxford. He moved to a post at the College of Science in Chester the following year. Soon after this he inherited a large fortune and set up his own private laboratory in London. There he studied the nature of electrical discharges in gases at low pressure and discovered the dark space (later named after him) that surrounds the negative electrode, or cathode. He also established that the rays produced in the process (subsequently shown by J.J.Thompson to be a stream of electrons) not only travelled in straight lines, but were also capable of producing heat and/or light upon impact with suitable anode materials. Using a variety of new methods to investigate these "cathode" rays, he applied them to the spectral analysis of compounds of selenium and, as a result, in 1861 he discovered the element thallium, finally establishing its atomic weight in 1873. Following his discovery of thallium, he became involved in two main lines of research: the properties of rarified gases, and the investigation of the elements of the "rare earths". It was also during these experiments that he discovered the principle of the Crookes radiometer, a device in which light is converted into rotational motion and which used to be found frequently in the shop windows of English opticians. Also among the fruits of this work were the Crookes tubes and the development of spectacle lenses with differential ranges of radiational absorption. In the 1870s he became interested in spiritualism and acquired a reputation for his studies of psychic phenomena, but at the turn of the century he returned to traditional scientific investigations. In 1892 he wrote about the possibility of wireless telegraphy. His work in the field of radioactivity led to the invention of the spinthariscope, an early type of detector of alpha particles. In 1900 he undertook investigations into uranium which led to the study of scintillation, an important tool in the study of radioactivity.While the theoretical basis of his work has not stood the test of time, his material discoveries, observations and investigations of new facts formed a basis on which others such as J.J. Thomson were to develop subatomic theory. His later involvement in the investigation of spiritualism led to much criticism, but could be justified on the basis of a belief in the duty to investigate all phenomena.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsKnighted 1897. Order of Merit 1910. FRS 1863. President, Royal Society 1913–15. Honorary LLD Birmingham. Honorary DSc Oxon, Cambridge, Sheffield, Durham, Ireland and Cape of Good Hope.Bibliography1874, On Attraction and Repulsion Resulting from Radiation.1874, "Researches in the phenomenon of spiritualism", Society of Metaphysics; reprinted in facsimile, 1986.For many years he was also Proprietor and Editor of Chemical News.Further ReadingE.E.Fournier D'Albe, 1923, Life of Sir William Crookes. Who Was Who II, 1916–28, London: A. \& C. Black. T.I.Williams, 1969, A Biographical Dictionary of Scientists. See also Braun, Karl Ferdinand.KF / MG -
10 area
1) площадь; пространство3) поверхность4) (производственный) участок; помещение; площадка5) рабочая ячейка ( склада)•equal in area — равновеликий;area of base — площадь основания, площадь подошвы фундаментаarea of bearing — 1. площадь опоры 2. строит. площадка опиранияarea of contact — площадь поверхности контактаarea of diagram — площадь эпюры; площадь графикаarea of fracture — 1. поверхность излома 2. площадь поперечного сечения в месте разрушенияarea of occurrence — возд. район происшествияarea of water section — гидр. площадь живого сечения потокаarea of well influence — зона влияния колодца или скважины-
absorption area
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active area
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actual contact area
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actuating area
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actuation probability area
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addressable area
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adjustment control area
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advisory area
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air intake hazard area
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aircraft parking area
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airflow separation area
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airport construction area
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airport prohibited area
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airport service area
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air-route area
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alighting area
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alloy storage area
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annulus area
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antenna effective area
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antenna area
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antinode area
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aperture area
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approach area
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ash-disposal area
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auditory area
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backwater area
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bare area
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base area
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bearing surface area
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binding area
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blade area
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blade-exit area
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blind area
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blind drainage area
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boarding area
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bolted area
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bonding area
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bond area
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bore area
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bubble-melt surface area
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buffer area
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building area
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built-up area
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burning area
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catalyst surface area
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catchment area
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caved area
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central equipment area
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centralized telecine area
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centralized traffic area
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centralized video tape area
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charge-makeup area
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charging area
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chip area
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choke-tube area
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circling approach area
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clean processing area
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clearance area
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climb-out area
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clinch area
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coal area
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coherence area
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cold area
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commanded area
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common area
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compression area
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concrete area
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cone effect area
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congested area
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connector area
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conservation area
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constant area
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contact area
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contact spot area
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contaminated area
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contamination control area
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contiguous area
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contour area of contact
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control area
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controlled access area
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cooling area
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corrosion area
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coverage area
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crimp area
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critical area
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cross-sectional area
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cross-section area
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cutting area
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cylinder annular area
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dangerous area
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data-rich area
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data-sparse area
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data-void area
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decontamination area
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demixing area
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design wing area
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developed area
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developed blade area
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development area
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die attach area
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diked area
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direct transit area
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discharge area
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display area
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disposal area
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dot area
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downstream area
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drainage area
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drainless area
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dry area
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dynamic area
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echoing area
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echo area
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effective area
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effective braking area
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effective cross-sectional area
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effective cross-section area
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effective screening area
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effects area
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electrical contact area
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electroded area
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elemental area
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enclosed working area
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end safety area
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engineering area
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environmentally fragile area
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exchange area
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exclusion area
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exhaust area
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expanded blade area
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expanded area
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exposure area
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face area
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fan blast area
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felling area
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fenced-off area
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fetch area
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fill area
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film-editing area
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filter effective area
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filter open area
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filtering area
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finished-products storage area
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fixed area
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flame area
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flooded area
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flood-free area
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flooding area
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floor area
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flow area
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focus area
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forbidden area
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free-surface area
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fringe area
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functional area
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furnace area
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fusing area
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fusion area
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gases shear area
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gasket surface area
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gassy area
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gathering area
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gob area
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graticule area
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gray-scale picture area
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gross cross-sectional area
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gross cross-section area
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gross irrigable area
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ground contact area
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gutter area
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hard-core area
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hard-to-reach area
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hearth area
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heat dissipation area
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heat-affected area
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heating area
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heat-transfer area
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high-activity area
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high-beat area
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high-radiation area
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holding area
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hot area
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housing area
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illuminated area
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image area
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impact area
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impression area
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inactive area
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ingot-stripping area
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input area
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instantaneous area of flame front
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instruction area
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intended landing area
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interfacial area
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interference area
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interlocking area
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inundated area
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junction area
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knuckle area
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land area
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landing area
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lateral area
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lift irrigation area
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lift-off area
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link overlapped area
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living area
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living floor area
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load-and-unload area
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load-carrying area
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loading area
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loadout area
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localized areas of wear
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low-radiation area
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makeup area
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maneuvering area
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man-impacted area
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manned area
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manual setting-up area
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melting area
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mesa area
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metropolitan area
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mining area
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mirror area
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mold conditioning area
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mold opening area
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moment area
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movement area
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mush area
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natural area
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net cross-sectional area
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net cross-section area
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neutron migration area
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nominal contact area
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noncontact area
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nonimage area
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nonmoving area
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nonoccupied area
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nonprinting area
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nonstorage area
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nonutilizable area
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normally occupied area
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nose area
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nuclear area
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numbering area
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obstructed landing area
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open area
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open flow area
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outgassed area
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output area
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overrun safety area
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pallet area
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patch area
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pattern area
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payable area
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percent shear area
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personnel and utility area
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phosphor area
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photolithographic area
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picture area
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poor-reception area
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port area
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presentation area
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pressing area
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prewarming area
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primary area
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primary service area
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printing area
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production area
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production control area
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programmed operating area
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prohibited area
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projectedblade area
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projected area
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propeller disk area
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protected area
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quality-control area
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quality area
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quench area
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quiet area
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radar area
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radiation-control area
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real area of contact
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recording area
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record area
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refining area
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regeneration area
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reinforcing steel area
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rerecording area
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reservoir surface area
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reservoir area
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residential area
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resident area
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residential floor area
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restricted area
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retarder area
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rig deck area
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risk area
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robot area
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roof contact area
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rubbing path area
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rudder area
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run-up area
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rural area
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safe operating area
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safety area
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sail area
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save area
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scanned area
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scrap-consuming area
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scrap-disposal area
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scrap-grading area
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scratch area
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screen area
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sealing area
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seal area
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search area
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secondary area
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sectional area
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section area
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seeking area
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segregated area
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service area
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serviceable area
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setting-up area
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shaded area
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shadow area
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shareable area
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shoe pad transition area
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shooting area
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sintering area
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site area
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skip area
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slag-line area
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slot area
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slowing-down area of neutron
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snow-covered area
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solid area
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sound area
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sound-track area
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special work permit area
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specific floor area
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specific surface area
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spliced area
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spoil area
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stack area
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stockline area
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stool conditioning area
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storage area
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stripped area
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subsidence area
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superheated area
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surface area
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switching area
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takeoff area
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takeoff flight path area
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tape area
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taphole area
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target area
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technical-equipment area
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technical area
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telecine area
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tension area
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terminal area
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terminal control area
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test area
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throat area
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tongs area of pipe
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tool service area
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tool-presetting area
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total area
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total irrigation area
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total tuyere area
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transient area
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turnaround area
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tuyere area
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type area
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unattacked area
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undershoot area
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ungaged area
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uniform area
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unobstructed landing area
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upstream area
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urban area
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usable area
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user area
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valve fillet area
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valve seating face area
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video tape recording area
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video tape area
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viewing area
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vision control area
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vulnerable area
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waste area
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waste-metal area
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waste-storage area
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water catchment area
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waterplane area
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water-surface area
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wear track area
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weld metal area
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well drainage area
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wellhead area
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wetted area
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wildlife area
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window area
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worked-out area
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working area
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yard area
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yoke area -
11 absorber
<tech.gen> (gen.; for energy, liquids, gases) ■ Absorber m<energ.sol> (of solar collector, usually a plate) ■ Absorber m ; Strahlungsabsorber m<ic.prod> (coating) ■ Absorber m<mech.eng> (vibrations, impact) ■ Dämpfer m<tech.gen> (cf: absorption...) ■ Absorber... -
12 Röntgen, Wilhelm Conrad
[br]b. 27 March 1845 Lennep, Prussia (now Remscheid, Germany)d. 10 February 1923 Munich, Germany[br]German physicist who discovered X-rays.[br]Expelled from school and so unable to attend university, Röntgen studied engineering at Zurich Polytechnic. After graduation he obtained a post as assistant to the distinguished German physicist Kundt and eventually secured an appointment at the University of Würzburg in Bavaria. He was successively Professor of Physics at the universities of Strasbourg (1876), Giessen (1879), Würzburg (1888) and Munich (1900–20), but he died in abject poverty. At various times he studied piezo-electricity; heat absorption by and the specific heat of gases; heat conduction in crystals; elasticity; and the capillary action of fluids. In 1895, whilst experimenting with the Crookes tube, a partially evacuated tube invented some seven years earlier, he observed that when a high voltage was applied across the tube, a nearby piece of barium platinocyanide produced light. He theorized that when the so-called cathode rays produced by the tube (electrons, as we now know) struck the glass wall, some unknown radiation occurred that was able to penetrate light materials and affect photographic plates. These he called X-rays (they also became known as Röntgen rays), but he believed (erroneously) that they bore no relation to light rays. For this important discovery he was awarded the Nobel Prize for Physics, but, sadly, he died in abject poverty during the hyperinflation of the 1920s.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsFirst Nobel Prize for Physics 1901.Bibliography1895, "A new kind of radiation", Meeting of the Würzburg Physical-Medical Society (December) (reported Röntgen's discovery of X-rays).Further ReadingO.Glasser, 1945, Dr. W.C.Röntgen (biography).KFBiographical history of technology > Röntgen, Wilhelm Conrad
См. также в других словарях:
absorption — /əbˈsɔpʃən / (say uhb sawpshuhn), / ˈzɔp / (say zawp ) noun 1. assimilation: the absorption of small farms by a bigger one. 2. the sucking up or drawing in of a liquid by a porous substance. 3. the passage of substances to the blood, lymph, and… …
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