-
1 ought
ought [ɔ:t]* * *[ɔːt]Note: In virtually all cases, ought is translated by the conditional tense of devoir: you ought to go now = tu devrais partir maintenant; they ought to arrive tomorrow ils devraient arriver demainThe past ought to have done/seen etc is translated by the past conditional of devoir: he ought to have been more polite = il aurait dû être plus poli. For further examples, including negative sentences, see the entry belowThe French verb devoir is irregular. For its conjugation see the French verb tablesmodal auxiliary1) (expressing probability, expectation) -
2 might
I(-)1) (past tense of may: I thought I might find you here; He might come if you offered him a meal.) se pouvoir que2) (used instead of `may', eg to make a possibility seem less likely, or a request for permission more polite: He might win if he tries hard; Might I speak to you for a few minutes, please?) se pouvoir que; permettez que...3) (used in suggesting that a person is not doing what he should: You might help me clean the car!) pouvoir au moins•- might have - I might have known II(power or strength: The might of the opposing army was too great for us.) force, puissance- mighty- mightily - mightiness -
3 would
would [wʊd]1. modal verba.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━► When would is used to form the conditional, the French conditional is used.━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• I wouldn't worry, if I were you à ta place, je ne m'inquiéterais pas• to my surprise, he agreed -- I never thought he would à ma grande surprise, il a accepté -- je ne l'aurais jamais pensé• who would have thought it? qui l'aurait pensé ?• I said I'd go, so I'm going j'ai dit que j'irais, alors j'y vais• I said I'd go, so I went j'avais dit que j'irais, alors j'y suis allé━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━• if you would come with me, I'd go to see him si vous vouliez bien m'accompagner, j'irais le voir━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━━would you wait here please! attendez ici s'il vous plaît !• would you close the window please voulez-vous fermer la fenêtre, s'il vous plaît► would you like ( = do you want)would you like some tea? voulez-vous du thé ?• would you like to go for a walk? est-ce que vous aimeriez faire une promenade ?• 50 years ago the streets would be empty on Sundays il y a 50 ans, les rues étaient vides le dimanche• I saw him come out of the shop -- when would this be? je l'ai vu sortir du magasin -- quand ?d. (inevitability) you would go and tell her! évidemment tu es allé le lui dire !• it would have to rain! évidemment il fallait qu'il pleuve !e. (conjecture) it would have been about 8 o'clock when he came il devait être 8 heures à peu près quand il est venu2. modifier* * *[wʊd, wəd]Note: When would is used with a verb in English to form the conditional tense, would + verb is translated by the present conditional of the appropriate verb in French and would have + verb by the past conditional of the appropriate verb: I would do it if I had time = je le ferais si j'avais le temps; I would have done it if I had had time = je l'aurais fait si j'avais eu le temps; he said he would fetch the car = il a dit qu'il irait chercher la voitureFor more examples, particular usages and all other uses of would see the entry below1) (in sequence of past tenses, in reported speech)if we'd left later we would have missed the train — si nous étions partis plus tard nous aurions raté le train
wouldn't it be nice if... — ce serait bien si...
they couldn't find anyone who would take the job — ils n'arrivaient pas à trouver quelqu'un qui accepte le poste
5) (expressing desire, preference)switch off the radio, would you? — éteins la radio, tu veux bien?
8) ( when giving advice)9) ( expressing exasperation)‘he denies it’ - ‘well he would, wouldn't he?’ — ‘il le nie’ - ‘évidemment!’
‘she put her foot in it (colloq)’ - ‘she would!’ — ‘elle a mis les pieds dans le plat (colloq)’ - ‘tu m'étonnes!’
10) ( expressing an assumption)let's see, that would be his youngest son — voyons, ça doit être son plus jeune fils
11) (indicating habitual event or behaviour in past: used to) -
4 would
❢ When would is used with a verb in English to form the conditional tense, would + verb is translated by the present conditional of the appropriate verb in French and would have + verb by the past conditional of the appropriate verb: I would do it if I had time = je le ferais si j'avais le temps ; I would have done it if I had had time = je l'aurais fait si j'avais eu le temps ; he said he would fetch the car = il a dit qu'il irait chercher la voiture.For more examples, particular usages and all other uses of would see the entry below. modal aux ( aussi 'd ; nég wouldn't)1 (in sequence of past tenses, in reported speech) she said she wouldn't come elle a dit qu'elle ne viendrait pas ; we thought we would be late nous avons pensé que nous serions en retard ; I was sure you' d like it j'étais sûr que ça te plairait ; we were wondering if he'd accept nous nous demandions s'il accepterait ; they promised that they'd come back ils ont promis de revenir ; soon it would be time to get up ce serait bientôt l'heure de se lever ; it was to be the last chance we would have to leave ça devait être la dernière chance que nous aurions de partir ; he thought she would have forgotten il pensait qu'elle aurait oublié ; I wish he would shut the door! il pourrait fermer la porte! ; I wish you'd be quiet! tu ne pourrais pas te taire! ;2 ( in conditional statements) it would be wonderful if they came ce serait merveilleux s'ils venaient ; I'm sure she would help if you asked her je suis sûr qu'elle t'aiderait si tu le lui demandais ; if we'd left later we would have missed the train si nous étions partis plus tard nous aurions raté le train ; we wouldn't be happy anywhere else nous ne serions heureux nulle part ailleurs ; what would be the best way to approach him? quel serait le meilleur moyen de l'aborder? ; who would ever have believed it? qui l'aurait cru? ; you wouldn't have thought it possible! on n'aurait jamais cru que c'était possible! ; I would have found out sooner or later je l'aurais découvert tôt ou tard ; wouldn't it be nice if… ce serait bien si… ; we wouldn't have succeeded without his help nous n'aurions jamais réussi sans son aide ; it wouldn't be the same without them ça ne serait pas la même chose sans eux ; it cost far less than I would have expected ça a coûté beaucoup moins cher que je n'aurais pensé ;3 ( expressing willingness to act) do you know anyone who would do it? est-ce que tu connais quelqu'un qui le ferait? ; they couldn't find anyone who would take the job ils n'arrivaient pas à trouver quelqu'un qui accepte ( subj) le poste ; he wouldn't hurt a fly il ne ferait pas de mal à une mouche ; she just wouldn't listen elle ne voulait rien entendre ; after that I wouldn't eat any canned food après cela je ne voulais plus manger de conserves ; he wouldn't do a thing to help il n'a rien voulu faire pour aider ; the police wouldn't give any further details la police a refusé de donner plus de détails ; they asked me to leave but I wouldn't ils m'ont demandé de partir mais j'ai refusé ;4 ( expressing inability to function) the door wouldn't close la porte ne voulait pas se fermer ; the brakes wouldn't work les freins ne marchaient pas ;5 (expressing desire, preference) we would like to stay another night nous aimerions rester une nuit de plus ; we'd really love to see you nous aimerions vraiment te voir ; I would much rather travel alone je préfèrerais nettement voyager seul ; she would have preferred a puppy elle aurait préféré un chiot ; which film would you rather see? quel film est-ce que tu préférerais voir? ; I wouldn't mind another slice of cake je prendrais bien un autre morceau de gâteau ; it's what he would have wanted c'est ce qu'il aurait voulu ;6 ( in polite requests or proposals) would you like something to eat? voudriez-vous quelque chose à manger? ; would you like some more tea? voulez-vous encore du thé? ; would you help me set the table? est-ce que tu pourrais m'aider à mettre la table? ; switch off the radio, would you? éteins la radio, tu veux bien? ; would you be interested in buying a vacuum cleaner? est-ce que vous seriez intéressé par un aspirateur? ; would you like to go to a concert est-ce que tu aimerais aller à un concert? ; would you give her the message? est-ce que vous voulez bien lui transmettre le message? ; would you mind not smoking please? est-ce que ça vous ennuyerait de ne pas fumer s'il vous plaît? ; would you please be quiet un peu de silence s'il vous plaît ; would you be so kind as to leave? sout auriez-vous l'obligeance de partir d'ici? fml ;7 ( used to attenuate statements) it would seem that he was right il semblerait qu'il avait raison ; so it would seem c'est ce qu'il semble ; you would think they'd be satisfied with the results! on aurait pu penser qu'ils seraient satisfaits des résultats! ; I wouldn't say that je ne dirais pas ça ; I would have thought it was obvious j'aurais pensé que c'était évident ; I wouldn't know je ne pourrais pas vous le dire ;8 ( when giving advice) I wouldn't do that if I were you je ne ferais pas ça à ta place or si j'étais toi ; I really wouldn't worry à ta place je ne m'en ferais pas ; I would check the timetable first tu ferais bien de vérifier l'horaire d'abord ; I'd give her a ring now tu devrais lui téléphoner maintenant ; wouldn't it be better to write? est-ce que ce ne serait pas mieux d'écrire? ;9 ( expressing exasperation) ‘he denies it’-‘well he would, wouldn't he?’ ‘il le nie’-‘évidemment!’ ; of course you would contradict him! bien sûr il a fallu que tu le contredises! ; ‘she put her foot in it ○ ’-‘she would!’ ‘elle a mis les pieds dans le plat ○ ’-‘tu m'étonnes!’, ‘c'est bien d'elle!’ ;10 ( expressing an assumption) what time would that be? c'était vers quelle heure? ; I suppose it would have been about 3 pm je pense qu'il était à peu près 15h 00 ; being so young, you wouldn't remember the war étant donné ton âge tu ne dois pas te rappeler la guerre ; let's see, that would be his youngest son voyons, ça doit être son plus jeune fils ; it would have been about five years ago ça devait être il y a environ cinq ans ; you'd never have guessed she was German on n'aurait jamais cru qu'elle était allemande ;11 (indicating habitual event or behaviour in past: used to) she would sit for hours at the window elle passait des heures assise à la fenêtre ; every winter the fields would be flooded tous les hivers les champs étaient inondés ; the children would be up at dawn les enfants étaient toujours debout à l'aube ; -
5 only
only [ˈəʊnlɪ]1. adjective• you're the only one to think of that vous êtes le seul (or la seule) à y avoir pensé• I'm tired! -- you're not the only one! je suis fatigué ! -- vous n'êtes pas le seul !2. adverbne... que• "ladies only" « réservé aux dames »• it's only that I thought he might... c'est que je pensais qu'il pourrait...• only yesterday, he... hier encore il...3. conjunction• I would buy it, only it's too expensive je l'achèterais bien, seulement c'est trop cher4. compounds* * *['əʊnlɪ] 1.conjunction ( but) mais2.1) ( sole) seulthe only one left — le seul/la seule m/f qui reste
the only thing is, I'm broke — (colloq) le seul problème, c'est que je suis fauché (colloq)
2) (best, preferred)3.skiing is the only sport for me — pour moi, aucun sport ne vaut le ski
1) ( exclusively)only in Italy can one... — il n'y a qu'en Italie que l'on peut...
‘men only’ — ‘réservé aux hommes’
‘for external use only’ — ‘usage externe’
2) ( nothing more than)3) ( in expressions of time)4) ( merely)5) ( just)I can only think that Claire did it — la seule explication qui me vienne à l'esprit c'est que c'est Claire qui l'a fait
open up, it's only me — ouvre, c'est moi
4.I got home only to find (that) I'd been burgled — quand je suis rentré à la maison j'ai découvert que j'avais été cambriolé
only just adverbial phrase1) ( very recently)2) ( barely)5.I caught the bus, but only just — j'ai eu le bus mais de justesse
only too adverbial phrase••goodness ou God ou Heaven only knows! — Dieu seul le sait!
-
6 should
1 ( ought to) you shouldn't smoke so much tu ne devrais pas fumer autant ; you should have told me before tu aurais dû me le dire avant ; we should try and understand him better nous devrions essayer de mieux le comprendre ; why shouldn't I do it? pourquoi est-ce que je ne le ferais pas? ; I should explain that je devrais peut-être expliquer que ; we should be there by six o'clock nous devrions arriver vers six heures ; dinner should be ready by now le dîner devrait être prêt maintenant ; it shouldn't be difficult to convince them ça ne devrait pas être difficile de les convaincre ; that should be them arriving now! ça doit être eux qui arrivent! ; how should I know? comment veux-tu que je le sache? ; everything is as it should be tout est en ordre ; …which is only as it should be …ce qui est parfaitement normal ; his hearing is not as good as it should be il entend moins bien qu'il (ne) le devrait ; flowers! you shouldn't have! des fleurs! il ne fallait pas! ;2 ( in conditional sentences) had he asked me, I should have accepted s'il me l'avait demandé, j'aurais accepté ; if they didn't invite me, I should be offended s'ils ne m'invitaient pas, je serais très vexé ; had they invited me, I should have gone s'ils m'avaient invité, j'y serais allé ; I don't think it will happen, but if it should… je ne pense pas que cela arrive, mais si toutefois cela arrivait… ; should you be interested, I can give you some more information si cela vous intéresse, je peux vous donner plus de renseignements ; if you should change your mind, don't hesitate to contact me si vous changez d 'avis n'hésitez pas à me contacter ; should anybody phone, tell them I'm out si quelqu'un téléphone, dis que je suis sorti ; should the opportunity arise si l'occasion se présente ;3 ( expressing purpose) she simplified it in order that they should understand elle l'a simplifié pour qu'ils comprennent ; he kept it a secret from them so that they should not be worried il le leur a caché pour qu'ils ne se fassent pas de soucis ; we are anxious that he should succeed nous souhaitons vivement qu'il réussisse ;4 ( in polite formulas) I should like a drink je prendrais volontiers un verre ; I should like to go there j'aimerais bien y aller ;5 (expressing opinion, surprise) I should think so! je l'espère! ; I should think not! j'espère bien que non! ; ‘how long will it take?’-‘an hour, I should think’ ‘combien de temps est-ce que ça va prendre?’-‘une heure, je suppose’ ; I should think she must be about 40 à mon avis, elle doit avoir 40 ans environ ; ‘I'll pay you for it’-‘I should hope so!’ ‘je vous le rembourserai’-‘je l'espère bien!’ ; I should say so! et comment! ; I shouldn't be surprised if she did that! cela ne m'étonnerait pas qu'elle le fasse! ; I shouldn't worry about it if I were you moi à ta place je ne m'en ferais pas ○, si j'étais toi je ne m'inquiéterais pas ; I should have thought he'd be glad of a holiday j'aurais pensé qu'il serait content de partir en vacances ; who should walk in but John! devine qui est arrivé-John! ; and then what should happen, but it began to rain! et devine quoi-il s'est mis à pleuvoir!
См. также в других словарях:
thought — *idea, concept, conception, notion, impression Analogous words: *opinion, view, sentiment, belief, conviction, persuasion thoughtful 1 Thoughtful, reflective, speculative, contemplative, meditative, pensive can be applied to persons or their… … New Dictionary of Synonyms
The Polite Society — is an organization that holds shooting events designed to test defensive skills with the handgun. This organization was formed primarily by Tom Givens of Memphis, Tennessee and Jim Higgenbotham of Kentucky, both of whom have military and law… … Wikipedia
Little Lover's So Polite — Infobox Single Name = Little Lover s So Polite Artist = Silversun Pickups from Album = Carnavas B side = Released = February 12, 2008 Format = Radio only single Recorded = Beer Wine Fish, Echo Park; Sunset Sound, Hollywood, California Genre =… … Wikipedia
Romance languages — Romance Geographic distribution: Originally Southern Europe and parts of Africa; now also Latin America, Canada, parts of Lebanon and much of Western Africa Linguistic classification: Indo European Italic … Wikipedia
T–V distinction — In sociolinguistics, a T–V distinction is a contrast, within one language, between second person pronouns that are specialized for varying levels of politeness, social distance, courtesy, familiarity, or insult toward the addressee. Contents 1… … Wikipedia
List of Fighting Spirit characters — This is a list of the fictional characters that appear in the manga and anime series Hajime no Ippo (はじめの一歩?), which English title is Fighting Spirit. Characters are grouped by the boxing gym they are a member of. Contents 1 Kamogawa Gym … Wikipedia
Etiquette in Asia — In Asia, many points of good etiquette are derived from religious beliefs. This Kannon statue (known elsewhere as Kuan Yin) stands on Mt. Koya, Japan. As expectations regarding good manners differ from person to person and vary according to each… … Wikipedia
Copula (linguistics) — To be redirects here. For the song, see To Be. For to be, or not to be , see To be, or not to be. In linguistics, a copula (plural: copulae or copulas) is a word used to link the subject of a sentence with a predicate (a subject complement). The… … Wikipedia
English modal verb — English grammar series English grammar Contraction Disputes in English grammar English compound English honorifics English personal pronouns English plural English relative clauses English verbs English irregular verbs English moda … Wikipedia
Fathers of the Church — • The word Father is used in the New Testament to mean a teacher of spiritual things, by whose means the soul of man is born again into the likeness of Christ: Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Fathers of the Church … Catholic encyclopedia
Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von — born Aug. 28, 1749, Frankfurt am Main died March 22, 1832, Weimar, Saxe Weimar German poet, novelist, playwright, and natural philosopher. In 1773 Goethe provided the Sturm und Drang movement with its first major drama, Götz von Berlichingen, and … Universalium