a+concubine

paelex ( pēlex, and, only in inscriptions, pellex), icis, f. [akin to Sanscr. pallavaka, girl; Gr. pallakis, concubine], a kept mistress, concubine of a married man.

Lit.: antiqui proprie eam pelicem nominabant, quae uxorem habenti nubebat. Cui generi mulierum etiam poena constituta est a Numā Pompilio hāc lege: paelex aram Junonis ne tangito, etc., Paul. ex Fest. p. 222 Müll.; cf. Gell. 4, 3, 3:

libro Memorialium Masurius scribit: pelicem apud antiquos eam habitam, quae, cum uxor non esset, cum aliquo tamen vivebat eamque nunc vero nomine amicam, paulo honestiore concubinam appellari,

Dig. 50, 16, 144; Plaut. Cist. 1, 1, 39; id. Merc. 4, 1, 24 et saep.—With gen. of the wronged wife:

filiae paelex,

Cic. Clu. 70, 199; id. Or. 30, 108:

tune eris et matris paelex et adultera patris?

Ov. M. 10, 347:

illa Jovis magni paelex, metuenda sorori,

id. H. 14, 95:

fugit (Medea) ulta paelicem, Magni Creontis filiam,

Hor. Epod. 5, 63:

horrida,

Juv. 2, 57.— Poet., of the cows, as rivals of Pasiphaë, who had become enamoured of a bull, Ov. A. A. 1, 321.—

Transf.

A kept mistress, concubine, in gen. (post-class.):

virginem constupratam servo suo paelicem dederat,

Curt. 10, 1, 5:

Artaxerxi regi Persarum ex paelicibus centum et quindecim filii fuere,

Just. 10, 1, 1; cf.: Granius Flaccus scribit, pelicem quosdam vocare eam, quae uxoris loco sine nuptiis in domo sit. Dig. 50, 16, 144.—

A male prostitute (postclass.), Paul. ex Fest. p. 222 Müll.:

Dolabella eum (Caesarem) pelicem reginae (appellavit), as the favorite of King Nicomedes,

Suet. Caes. 49;

in apposition, pelices ministri,

Mart. 12, 97, 3.—

Comically, [p. 1289] a substitute:

quoties pelex culcita facta mea est (sc. matellae),

Mart. 14, 119, 2.

* * *

* * *

* * *

actē, ēs, f., = aktê, a plant, perh. = ebulum, Plin. 26, 11, 73, § 120; Ap. Herb. 91.

Actē, ēs, f., = Aktê.

Lit., coastland or maritime country; hence, the earlier name for Attica, the province of Middle Greece, in which Athens was situated, Plin. 4, 7, 11; Gell. 14, 6.—

One of the Horae, Hyg. F. 183.—

A concubine [p. 25] of Nero, Suet. Ner. 28; Tac. A. 13, 12; Inscr. Orell. 735; 2885.

actē, ēs, f., = aktê, a plant, perh. = ebulum, Plin. 26, 11, 73, § 120; Ap. Herb. 91.

Actē, ēs, f., = Aktê.

Lit., coastland or maritime country; hence, the earlier name for Attica, the province of Middle Greece, in which Athens was situated, Plin. 4, 7, 11; Gell. 14, 6.—

One of the Horae, Hyg. F. 183.—

A concubine [p. 25] of Nero, Suet. Ner. 28; Tac. A. 13, 12; Inscr. Orell. 735; 2885.

ămīcus (old form ămēcus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 15 Müll.), a, um, adj. [amo], friendly, kind, amicable, favorable, inclined to, liking; constr. with dat., Zumpt, Gram. §

410: animo esse amico erga aliquem,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 29; Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 3:

tribuni sunt nobis amici,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2 fin.:

homo amicus nobis jam inde a puero,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 86:

Pompeium tibi valde amicum esse cognovi,

Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 5; id. Att. 9, 5:

amicus non magis tyranno quam tyrannidi,

Nep. Dion, 3, 2; id. Att. 9:

male numen amicum,

Verg. A. 2, 735; Ov. F. 3, 834:

(Fortuna) amica varietati constantiam respuit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 16:

amica luto sus,

fond of, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 26.— Comp.:

mihi nemo est amicior Attico,

Cic. Att. 16, 16:

amicior Cilicum aerariis quam nostro,

id. ib. 7, 1, 6; id. Fam. 3, 2, 1.— Sup.:

Deiotarum, fidelissimum regem atque amicissimum rei publicae nostrae,

Cic. Att. 15, 2, 2:

cum summi viri, tum amicissimi,

id. Am. 2, 8:

amicissimi viri,

Suet. Caes. 1:

successor conjunctissimus et amicissimus,

Cic. Fam. 3, 3:

hoc libro ad amicum amicissimus de amicitiā scripsi,

id. Am. 1, 5; 23, 88 (but the comp. and sup. may sometimes be rendered as belonging to 2. amicus, a greater friend, the greatest friend, as in Cic. Att. 16, 16, and Am. 1, 5; so in Gr. basileus etc.).—

Of things, kindly, pleasing (mostly poet.;

so Cic. rarely): nihil homini amico est opportuno amicius,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 44:

secundum te nihil est mihi amicius solitudine,

Cic. Att. 12, 15:

portus intramus amicos,

Verg. A. 5, 57: fessos opibus solatur amicis, id. [p. 106] ib. 5, 416:

vento amico ferri,

Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 17:

per amica silentia lunae,

Verg. A. 2, 255:

amici imbres,

id. G. 4, 115:

sidus amicum,

Hor. Epod. 10, 9:

sol amicum tempus agens,

bringing the welcome hour, id. C. 3, 6, 43:

tempus fraudibus amicum,

Stat. S. 5, 2, 39:

brevitas postulatur, qui mihimet ipsi amicissima est,

Cic. Quinct. 34.—

Amicum est mihi (after the Gr. philon esti moi; in pure Lat., mihi cordi est, etc.); with inf., it pleases me, it accords with my feelings:

nec dis amicum est nec mihi te prius Obire,

Hor. C. 2, 17, 2.—Hence, adv., in a friendly manner, kindly, amicably.

Old form ămīcĭter, Pac. ap. Non. 510, 26; Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 3.—

Class. form ămīcē:

facis amice,

Cic. Am. 2, 9:

haec accipienda amice,

id. ib. 24, 88; id. Fin. 1, 10; id. Off. 1, 26. —

* Comp., Front. ad M. Caes. 1, 6.— Sup., Cic. Div. in Caecil. 9; Caes. B. C. 2, 17.

ămīcus, i, m. [from amo, as philos from phileô, and from ] ( gen. plur. amicūm, Ter. Heaut. prol. 24).

A friend; constr. with gen. or poss. adj.; v. Zumpt, Gram. §

410: est is (amicus) tamquam alter idem,

Cic. Am. 21, 80 (cf. id. ib. 25, 92; id. Off. 1, 17):

amicum qui intuetur, tamquam exemplar intuetur sui,

id. Am. 7, 23:

Non tam utilitas parta per amicum, quam amici amor ipse delectat,

id. ib. 14, 51: Amicus certus in re incertā cernitur, Enn. ap. Cic. ib. 17, 64:

boni improbis, improbi bonis amici esse non possunt,

Cic. ib. 20, 74:

ex omnibus saeculis vix tria aut quattuor nominantur paria amicorum,

id. ib. 4, 15:

tu ex amicis certis mi es certissimus,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 54 and 57:

vetus verbum hoc est, Communia esse amicorum inter se omnia,

Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 18:

Respicis antiquum lassis in rebus amicum,

Ov. P. 2, 3, 93:

Alba tuus antiquissimus non solum amicus, verum etiam amator,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 63 fin.:

hospitis et amici mei M. Pacuvii fabula,

id. Am. 7, 24:

suis incommodis graviter angi non amicum sed se ipsum amantis est,

of one loving not his friend, but himself, id. ib. 3, 10:

ab amicis honesta petere, amicorum causā honesta facere,

id. ib. 13, 44:

paternus amicus ac pernecessarius,

id. Fl. 6, 14:

amicus novus,

id. Am. 19, 67:

vetus,

id. ib.; Verg. A. 3, 82; Hor. S. 2, 6, 81; Ov. P. 1, 6, 53:

amici ac familiares veteres,

Suet. Tib. 55:

aequaevus,

Verg. A. 5, 452:

ardens,

id. ib. 9, 198:

dulcis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 69; Ov. P. 1, 8, 31:

carus,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 51; Ov. Tr. 3, 6, 7:

jucundus,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 93:

amici jucundissimi et omnium horarum,

Suet. Tib. 42:

amicus propior,

Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5:

fidelis,

id. ib. 2, 2, 1; Vulg. Eccli. 6, 14:

fidus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 24:

verus,

Cic. Am. 21, 82; Vulg. Eccli. 25, 12:

mendax,

Hor. A. P. 425:

secernere blandum amicum a vero,

Cic. Am. 25, 95:

memor,

Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 33:

summus,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 1:

primus,

Vulg. 1 Macc. 10, 65:

amici tristes,

Hor. C. 1, 7, 24:

maesti,

Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 5:

dives,

Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 24:

inops,

id. S. 1, 2, 5:

inferioris ordinis amici,

Cic. Am. 19, 69:

communes amici,

Cic. Fam. 5, 2:

amice, salve!

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 12; so Cat. 55, 7; Verg. A. 6, 507; Hor. C. 2, 14, 6; and Vulg. Matt. 20, 13:

magnanimi veritatis amici,

Cic. Off. 1, 19:

amicos parare,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 39:

amicos parare optimam vitae, ut ita dicam, supellectilem,

Cic. Am. 15, 55:

minus amicorum habens,

Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 22:

me unum atque unicum amicum habuit,

Cat. 73, 6;

amicos habere,

Cic. Am. 11, 36; so Vulg. Prov. 22, 11:

nos sibi amicos junget,

Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 32; Hor. S. 1, 3, 54:

amicum servare,

id. ib.:

amicum servare per durum tempus,

Ov. P. 2, 6, 29:

aliquo uti amico,

to have one as a friend, Cic. de Or. 1, 14, 62; Hor. S. 1, 4, 96:

sibi amicum facere,

Vulg. Luc. 16, 9:

amicum diligere,

Verg. A. 9, 430; Vulg. Deut. 13, 6:

amico inservire,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 8:

amico parcere,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 35:

et monendi amici saepe sunt et objurgandi,

Cic. Am. 24, 88:

amico ignoscere,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 110:

angorem pro amico capere,

Cic. Am. 13, 48:

amici jacentem animum excitare,

id. ib. 16, 59:

amicum consolari,

Ov. Tr. 5, 4, 41:

amico orbatus,

Cic. Am. 3, 10:

amicum offendere,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 73:

non paucis munitus amicis,

Ov. P. 2, 3, 25.—Also for patronus, patron, protector; so Horace of Mæcenas, Epod. 1, 2:

amicus potens,

powerful friend, id. C. 2, 18, 12; so,

magnus,

Juv. 3, 57; 6, 313: Suet. Aug. 56:

valentissimi,

id. ib. 35.—And for socius, companion:

trepido fugam exprobravit amico,

Ov. M. 13, 69.—

In polit. relations, a friend of the State (who was not always socius, an ally, but the socius was always amicus; cf.

amicitia): Deiotarus ex animo amicus, unus fidelis populo Romano,

Cic. Phil. 11, 13:

socio atque amico regi,

Liv. 37, 54; 7, 30 et saep.; Suet. Caes. 11.—

In and after the Aug. per., a counsellor, courtier, minister of a prince, Nep. Milt. 3, 2 Dähn.:

fuerunt multi reges ex amicis Alexandri Magni,

id. Reg. 3, 1; so Suet. Caes. 70, 72; 70, 79; id. Aug. 16; 17; 35; 56; 66; id. Calig. 19; id. Ner. 5; id. Galb. 7 al.; cf. Ernest. ad Suet. Excurs. XV.—Hence, ămī-ca, ae, f.

In bon. part., a female friend (very rare; cf. hetaira in Hom., Aristoph., Plato):

amicae, cognatae,

Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 16:

at haec amicae erunt, ubi, etc.,

id. ib. 5, 2, 24:

Me (laedit) soror et cum quae dormit amica simul,

Prop. 2, 6, 12:

ibit ad adfectam, quae non languebit, amicam Visere,

Ov. Am. 2, 2, 21; cf. Juv. 3, 12; 6, 353; 6, 455; 6, 481; so Inscr. Grut. 865, 17; 891, 4. —

In mal. part., = meretrix, a concubine, mistress, courtesan (esp. freq. in the comic poets; so in Gr. hetaira com. in Att. usage): eum suus pater ab amicā abduxit, Naev. ap. Gell. 6, 8:

mulierem pejorem quam haec amica est Phaedromi non vidi,

Plaut. Curc. 5, 1, 3; so id. Trin. 3, 2, 25; 3, 4, 22; id. Cist. 2, 3, 28; id. Ep. 5, 2, 36; 5, 2, 39 al.:

sive ista uxor sive amica est,

Ter. And. 1, 3, 11; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 52; 1, 2, 15; 3, 3, 6; 4, 6, 15 et saep.; Cic. Att. 10, 10; Dig. 50, 16, 144.

ămīcus (old form ămēcus, Paul. ex Fest. p. 15 Müll.), a, um, adj. [amo], friendly, kind, amicable, favorable, inclined to, liking; constr. with dat., Zumpt, Gram. §

410: animo esse amico erga aliquem,

Ter. Hec. 3, 3, 29; Cic. Fam. 1, 7, 3:

tribuni sunt nobis amici,

id. Q. Fr. 1, 2 fin.:

homo amicus nobis jam inde a puero,

Ter. Ad. 3, 3, 86:

Pompeium tibi valde amicum esse cognovi,

Cic. Fam. 1, 8, 5; id. Att. 9, 5:

amicus non magis tyranno quam tyrannidi,

Nep. Dion, 3, 2; id. Att. 9:

male numen amicum,

Verg. A. 2, 735; Ov. F. 3, 834:

(Fortuna) amica varietati constantiam respuit,

Cic. N. D. 2, 16:

amica luto sus,

fond of, Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 26.— Comp.:

mihi nemo est amicior Attico,

Cic. Att. 16, 16:

amicior Cilicum aerariis quam nostro,

id. ib. 7, 1, 6; id. Fam. 3, 2, 1.— Sup.:

Deiotarum, fidelissimum regem atque amicissimum rei publicae nostrae,

Cic. Att. 15, 2, 2:

cum summi viri, tum amicissimi,

id. Am. 2, 8:

amicissimi viri,

Suet. Caes. 1:

successor conjunctissimus et amicissimus,

Cic. Fam. 3, 3:

hoc libro ad amicum amicissimus de amicitiā scripsi,

id. Am. 1, 5; 23, 88 (but the comp. and sup. may sometimes be rendered as belonging to 2. amicus, a greater friend, the greatest friend, as in Cic. Att. 16, 16, and Am. 1, 5; so in Gr. basileus etc.).—

Of things, kindly, pleasing (mostly poet.;

so Cic. rarely): nihil homini amico est opportuno amicius,

Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 44:

secundum te nihil est mihi amicius solitudine,

Cic. Att. 12, 15:

portus intramus amicos,

Verg. A. 5, 57: fessos opibus solatur amicis, id. [p. 106] ib. 5, 416:

vento amico ferri,

Ov. Tr. 1, 5, 17:

per amica silentia lunae,

Verg. A. 2, 255:

amici imbres,

id. G. 4, 115:

sidus amicum,

Hor. Epod. 10, 9:

sol amicum tempus agens,

bringing the welcome hour, id. C. 3, 6, 43:

tempus fraudibus amicum,

Stat. S. 5, 2, 39:

brevitas postulatur, qui mihimet ipsi amicissima est,

Cic. Quinct. 34.—

Amicum est mihi (after the Gr. philon esti moi; in pure Lat., mihi cordi est, etc.); with inf., it pleases me, it accords with my feelings:

nec dis amicum est nec mihi te prius Obire,

Hor. C. 2, 17, 2.—Hence, adv., in a friendly manner, kindly, amicably.

Old form ămīcĭter, Pac. ap. Non. 510, 26; Plaut. Pers. 2, 3, 3.—

Class. form ămīcē:

facis amice,

Cic. Am. 2, 9:

haec accipienda amice,

id. ib. 24, 88; id. Fin. 1, 10; id. Off. 1, 26. —

* Comp., Front. ad M. Caes. 1, 6.— Sup., Cic. Div. in Caecil. 9; Caes. B. C. 2, 17.

ămīcus, i, m. [from amo, as philos from phileô, and from ] ( gen. plur. amicūm, Ter. Heaut. prol. 24).

A friend; constr. with gen. or poss. adj.; v. Zumpt, Gram. §

410: est is (amicus) tamquam alter idem,

Cic. Am. 21, 80 (cf. id. ib. 25, 92; id. Off. 1, 17):

amicum qui intuetur, tamquam exemplar intuetur sui,

id. Am. 7, 23:

Non tam utilitas parta per amicum, quam amici amor ipse delectat,

id. ib. 14, 51: Amicus certus in re incertā cernitur, Enn. ap. Cic. ib. 17, 64:

boni improbis, improbi bonis amici esse non possunt,

Cic. ib. 20, 74:

ex omnibus saeculis vix tria aut quattuor nominantur paria amicorum,

id. ib. 4, 15:

tu ex amicis certis mi es certissimus,

Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 54 and 57:

vetus verbum hoc est, Communia esse amicorum inter se omnia,

Ter. Ad. 5, 4, 18:

Respicis antiquum lassis in rebus amicum,

Ov. P. 2, 3, 93:

Alba tuus antiquissimus non solum amicus, verum etiam amator,

Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 63 fin.:

hospitis et amici mei M. Pacuvii fabula,

id. Am. 7, 24:

suis incommodis graviter angi non amicum sed se ipsum amantis est,

of one loving not his friend, but himself, id. ib. 3, 10:

ab amicis honesta petere, amicorum causā honesta facere,

id. ib. 13, 44:

paternus amicus ac pernecessarius,

id. Fl. 6, 14:

amicus novus,

id. Am. 19, 67:

vetus,

id. ib.; Verg. A. 3, 82; Hor. S. 2, 6, 81; Ov. P. 1, 6, 53:

amici ac familiares veteres,

Suet. Tib. 55:

aequaevus,

Verg. A. 5, 452:

ardens,

id. ib. 9, 198:

dulcis,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 69; Ov. P. 1, 8, 31:

carus,

Hor. C. 4, 9, 51; Ov. Tr. 3, 6, 7:

jucundus,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 93:

amici jucundissimi et omnium horarum,

Suet. Tib. 42:

amicus propior,

Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 5:

fidelis,

id. ib. 2, 2, 1; Vulg. Eccli. 6, 14:

fidus,

Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 24:

verus,

Cic. Am. 21, 82; Vulg. Eccli. 25, 12:

mendax,

Hor. A. P. 425:

secernere blandum amicum a vero,

Cic. Am. 25, 95:

memor,

Ov. Tr. 5, 9, 33:

summus,

Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 1:

primus,

Vulg. 1 Macc. 10, 65:

amici tristes,

Hor. C. 1, 7, 24:

maesti,

Ov. Tr. 1, 9, 5:

dives,

Hor. Ep. 1, 8, 24:

inops,

id. S. 1, 2, 5:

inferioris ordinis amici,

Cic. Am. 19, 69:

communes amici,

Cic. Fam. 5, 2:

amice, salve!

Ter. Eun. 3, 5, 12; so Cat. 55, 7; Verg. A. 6, 507; Hor. C. 2, 14, 6; and Vulg. Matt. 20, 13:

magnanimi veritatis amici,

Cic. Off. 1, 19:

amicos parare,

Ter. And. 1, 1, 39:

amicos parare optimam vitae, ut ita dicam, supellectilem,

Cic. Am. 15, 55:

minus amicorum habens,

Ter. Eun. 4, 6, 22:

me unum atque unicum amicum habuit,

Cat. 73, 6;

amicos habere,

Cic. Am. 11, 36; so Vulg. Prov. 22, 11:

nos sibi amicos junget,

Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 32; Hor. S. 1, 3, 54:

amicum servare,

id. ib.:

amicum servare per durum tempus,

Ov. P. 2, 6, 29:

aliquo uti amico,

to have one as a friend, Cic. de Or. 1, 14, 62; Hor. S. 1, 4, 96:

sibi amicum facere,

Vulg. Luc. 16, 9:

amicum diligere,

Verg. A. 9, 430; Vulg. Deut. 13, 6:

amico inservire,

Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 8:

amico parcere,

Hor. S. 1, 4, 35:

et monendi amici saepe sunt et objurgandi,

Cic. Am. 24, 88:

amico ignoscere,

Hor. Ep. 2, 2, 110:

angorem pro amico capere,

Cic. Am. 13, 48:

amici jacentem animum excitare,

id. ib. 16, 59:

amicum consolari,

Ov. Tr. 5, 4, 41:

amico orbatus,

Cic. Am. 3, 10:

amicum offendere,

Hor. S. 1, 3, 73:

non paucis munitus amicis,

Ov. P. 2, 3, 25.—Also for patronus, patron, protector; so Horace of Mæcenas, Epod. 1, 2:

amicus potens,

powerful friend, id. C. 2, 18, 12; so,

magnus,

Juv. 3, 57; 6, 313: Suet. Aug. 56:

valentissimi,

id. ib. 35.—And for socius, companion:

trepido fugam exprobravit amico,

Ov. M. 13, 69.—

In polit. relations, a friend of the State (who was not always socius, an ally, but the socius was always amicus; cf.

amicitia): Deiotarus ex animo amicus, unus fidelis populo Romano,

Cic. Phil. 11, 13:

socio atque amico regi,

Liv. 37, 54; 7, 30 et saep.; Suet. Caes. 11.—

In and after the Aug. per., a counsellor, courtier, minister of a prince, Nep. Milt. 3, 2 Dähn.:

fuerunt multi reges ex amicis Alexandri Magni,

id. Reg. 3, 1; so Suet. Caes. 70, 72; 70, 79; id. Aug. 16; 17; 35; 56; 66; id. Calig. 19; id. Ner. 5; id. Galb. 7 al.; cf. Ernest. ad Suet. Excurs. XV.—Hence, ămī-ca, ae, f.

In bon. part., a female friend (very rare; cf. hetaira in Hom., Aristoph., Plato):

amicae, cognatae,

Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 16:

at haec amicae erunt, ubi, etc.,

id. ib. 5, 2, 24:

Me (laedit) soror et cum quae dormit amica simul,

Prop. 2, 6, 12:

ibit ad adfectam, quae non languebit, amicam Visere,

Ov. Am. 2, 2, 21; cf. Juv. 3, 12; 6, 353; 6, 455; 6, 481; so Inscr. Grut. 865, 17; 891, 4. —

In mal. part., = meretrix, a concubine, mistress, courtesan (esp. freq. in the comic poets; so in Gr. hetaira com. in Att. usage): eum suus pater ab amicā abduxit, Naev. ap. Gell. 6, 8:

mulierem pejorem quam haec amica est Phaedromi non vidi,

Plaut. Curc. 5, 1, 3; so id. Trin. 3, 2, 25; 3, 4, 22; id. Cist. 2, 3, 28; id. Ep. 5, 2, 36; 5, 2, 39 al.:

sive ista uxor sive amica est,

Ter. And. 1, 3, 11; id. Heaut. 1, 1, 52; 1, 2, 15; 3, 3, 6; 4, 6, 15 et saep.; Cic. Att. 10, 10; Dig. 50, 16, 144.

concŭbīnus, i, m., and concŭbīna, ae, f. [concubo], one who lives in concubinage (cf. concubinatus), a concubine (male or female), a less reproachful designation than paelex (cf. Dig. 5, 16, 144).

Masc. (not in Cic.), Cat. 61, 130 sq.; * Quint. 1, 2, 8; Plin. 8, 45, 70, § 180; Curt. 10, 2, 27; Suet. Galb. 22; Tac. A. 13, 21; Mart. 6, 22.—Far more freq.,

Fem., Plaut. Ep. 3, 4, 30; id. Mil. 2, 1, 62; 2, 3, 66 al.; 2, 5, 6; 2, 6, 68; id. Merc. 4, 4, 17; id. Stich. 4, 1, 56; * Cic. de Or. 1, 40, 183; Tac. H. 1, 72 et saep.; cf. Dig. 25, 7: de concubinis.

conjunx or conjux (in inscrr. also COIVX, e. g. Orell. 4655; 4644; 4646;

5013: COIVNX, C. I. L. 1, 1011: CONIVNCX,

ib. 5, 370; v. Neue, Formenl. I. p. 139 sq.), jŭgis, comm. ( fem. conjŭga Jovis Juno, App. M. 6, p. 174, 33, and in inscrr.) [conjungo].

One who is united in marriage, a consort, spouse, wife; more rarely, a husband (very freq., esp. in fem. and in the poets; in Ov. M. alone about fifty times); masc., Cic. Cael. 32, 78; id. Tusc. 4, 32, 69; Tac. A. 3, 34; 13, 44; Just. 2, 4, 8; Val. Max. 2, 6, 14; Cat. 61, 32; 68, 81; Verg. A. 6, 473; Ov. M. 1, 605; 6, 538; Sen. Cons. Helv. 19, 5; Hyg. Fab. 23; Inscr. Orell. 4629.— Fem., Lucr. 4, 1274; Poët. ap. Cic. N. D. 3, 27, 68; Cic. Cat. 4, 11, 24; id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 3; Quint. 6, 1, 33; Cat. 64, 298; Prop. 1, 19, 7; Hor. C. 1, 1, 26; 3, 5, 5; Tac. A. 15, 15; 17, 11; id. H. 4, 18; 5, 8; id. G. 7.— In plur. for the married pair:

boni,

Cat. 61, 234:

unanimi,

id. 66, 80 et saep.—

Transf., of animals, the female, Ov. F. 1, 451; Plin. 10, 59, 79, § 161.—And also of the elmtree, round which a vine entwines itself (cf. conjungo, P. a., B. 2. b.), Col. 5, 6, 18.—

Poet.

A betrothed, a bride, Verg. A. 3, 331; 9, 138; Tib. 3, 2, 4; Ov. H. 8, 18.—

A more honorable designation for concubine, Prop. 2, 8, 29; Ov. H. 8, 86; Val. Fl. 2, 208.—

In late Lat., = contubernalis, a comrade, a (male or female) companion or attendant, Inscr. Orell. 2841 sq.—So, a fellow-slave:

me cum meo famulo meoque vectore... factum conservum atque conjugem,

App. M. 7, p. 189, 6.

dē-dūco, xi, ctum ( imper.:

deduc,

Cic. Rep. 1, 21, 34;

old form, deduce,

Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 32), 3, v. a., to lead or bring away, to lead, fetch, bring or draw down (for syn. cf.: duco, comitor, prosequor, persequor, stipo, sequor, consequor—freq. and class.).

Lit.

In gen.

Not designating a limit:

atomos de via,

to turn from a straight course, Cic. Fat. 9, 18:

eum concionari conantem de rostris,

Caes. B. C. 3, 21, 3:

pedes de lecto,

Plaut. Curc. 2, 3, 82:

suos clam ex agris,

Caes. B. G. 4, 30 fin.; so,

aliquem ex ultimis gentibus,

Cic. Phil. 13, 13:

lunam e curru,

Tib. 1, 8, 21; cf.

the foll.: summā vestem deduxit ab orā,

Ov. M. 3, 480:

cantando rigidas deducere montibus ornos,

Verg. E. 6, 71: lunam caelo id. ib. 8, 69; cf.:

lunam cursu,

Ov. H. 6, 85:

hunc caelo,

id. F. 3, 317:

dominam Ditis thalamo,

Verg. A. 6, 397:

tota carbasa malo,

i. e. to spread, unfurl, by letting down, Ov. M. 11, 477; cf.

the foll.: febres corpore,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 48:

inde boves,

Ov. M. 6, 322:

transfuga duci se ad consules jubet deductusque traditurum urbem promittit,

Liv. 9, 24:

Ubiis imperat, ut pecora deducant suaque omnia ex agris in oppida conferant,

Caes. B. G. 6, 10, 2; cf. Liv. 21, 37: rivos, i. e. to clear out, cleanse ( = detergere, Macr. Sat. 3, 3; Col. 2, 22, 3), Verg. G. 1, 269 Heyne ad loc.; cf.:

aqua Albana deducta ad utilitatem agri suburbani,

conducted off, Cic. Div. 2, 32, 69, and v. the foll.:

lunam,

Prop. 1, 1, 19; cf.

Jovem,

the sun, Hor. Epod. 13, 2:

crines pectine,

to comb, Ov. M. 4, 311; cf.:

caesariem barbae dextrā,

id. ib. 15, 656:

vela,

id. ib. 3, 663:

sive aliquis molli deducit candida gestu Brachia,

moves, Prop. 2, 22 (3, 15), 5 (al. diducit); imitated by Stat. Silv. 3, 5, 66 (al. diducit) et saep.—

Stating the limit:

cito hunc deduc ad militem,

Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 32:

aliquem ad aliquem,

id. ib. 4, 4, 10; Cic. Lael. 1; Caes. B. G. 7, 28 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 18, 3; Sall. J. 113 fin. et saep.:

juvenem ad altos currus,

Ov. M. 2, 106:

suas vestes humero ad pectora,

Ov. M. 6, 405; cf.:

manum ad imum ventrem,

Quint. 11, 3, 112 et saep.:

impedimenta in proximum collem,

Caes. B. G. 7, 68, 2:

aquam in vias,

Cato R. R. 155; Ov. M. 1, 582:

aliquem in conspectum (Caesaris),

Caes. B. C. 1, 22, 2:

aliquem in arcem,

Liv. 1, 18; id. 1, 58:

aliquem in carcerem,

Sall. C. 55:

in arenam,

Suet. Calig. 35: levis deducet pondere fratres, will bring down (the scale), Grat. Cyn. 292. —

In partic.

Milit. t. t., to draw off, lead off, withdraw troops from a place; to lead, conduct, bring to a place: praesidia de locis, Sisenna ap. Non. 289, 15; so with de, Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 60; Caes. B. G. 5, 51, 2; Cic. Att. 7, 14 al.:

exercitum ex his regionibus,

Caes. B. G. 1, 44, 19; so with ex, id. ib. 7, 87, 4 fin.; 7, 81 fin.; id. B. C. 1, 12, 3 al.:

legionem ab opere,

id. ib. 3, 69; so with ab, id. ib. 2, 26, 3; Liv. 34, 35 al.:

deducta Orico legione,

Caes. B. C. 3, 34:

exercitum finibus Attali,

Liv. 32, 27: deducto exercitu, Caes. B. G. 6, 43, 3; 7, 20, 11; id. B. C. 3, 39 al.; cf. Oud. ad Caes. B. G. 2, 33, 2:

milites ad Ciceronem,

Caes. B. G. 5, 27, 9:

tres in arcem cohortes praesidio,

id. B. C. 3, 19, 5:

a Flacco inter ceteros, quos virtutis causa secum ex provincia ad triumphum deducebat, deductus sum,

Liv. 42, 34:

copias ex locis superioribus in campum deducit,

Caes. B. C. 2, 40 fin.:

legionibus in hiberna deductis,

id. B. G. 2, 35, 3; so,

in hiberna,

Liv. 26, 20; 43, 9:

in interiorem Galliam,

Caes. B. G. 2, 2; cf.

in Menapios,

id. ib. 4, 22, 5:

in proxima municipia,

id. B. C. 1, 32:

in hiberna in Sequanos,

id. B. G. 1, 54, 2:

in aciem,

Liv. 3, 62:

praesidia eo,

Caes. B. C. 2, 18, 5:

neque more militari vigiliae deducebantur,

Sall. Jug. 44, 5; id. C. 59, 1. —

Pub. law t. t., to lead forth, conduct a colony to a place:

coloni, qui lege Julia Capuam deducti erant,

Caes. B. C. 1, 14, 4; cf. Suet. Caes. 81:

colonos in aliquem locum,

id. ib. 28:

coloniam in aliquem locum,

Cic. Rep. 2, 3; 2, 4; Liv. 10, 1; 10, 13; 34, 45 (repeatedly); Suet. Tib. 4 al.:

Aquileia colonia Latina eo anno in agro Gallorum est deducta,

Liv. 40, 34; cf.:

in colonia Capua deducti,

Suet. Caes. 81:

ut emantur agri a privatis, quo plebs publice deducatur,

Cic. Agr. 2, 25; cf. id. ib. 2, 26;

2, 34, 92: triumvir coloniis deducendis,

Sall. J. 42; cf. Liv. 9, 46; 9, 28; Suet. Aug. 46 al.— Absol.:

deductis olim et nobiscum per conubium sociatis, haec patria est,

Tac. H. 4, 65. —

Nautical t. t.

To draw out a ship from the docks:

ex navalibus eorum unam (navem) deducit,

Caes. B. C. 2, 3, 2:

deducunt socii naves,

Verg. A. 3, 71.—Hence far more freq. meton., like the Gr. kathelkein, to draw down a ship from the stocks into the sea; to launch, Liv. 21, 17; 41, 9; Caes. B. G. 7, 60:

neque multum abesse (naves) ab eo, quin paucis diebus deduci possent,

id. ib. 5, 2, 2:

naves,

id. ib. 5, 23, 2:

classem,

Liv. 36, 41 al.:

naves litore,

Verg. A. 4, 398:

carinas,

Ov. M. 6, 144; 8, 104 et saep.—

Rarely for subducere and the Gr. katagein, to draw a ship into port:

onerarias naves in portum deducunt,

Caes. B. C. 1, 36, 2:

in portum,

Petr. 101, 8.—

Weavers' t. t., to draw out, spin out the thread, yarn:

dextera tum leviter deducens fila, Catull. 64, 313: filum,

Ov. M. 4, 36; id. Am. 1, 14, 7; id. H. 9, 77.—Hence, meton., to prepare a web, to weave:

vetus in tela deducitur argumentum,

is interwoven, represented in weaving, Ov. M. 6, 69.—

t. t. of common life, to lead out, conduct, escort, accompany a person out of the house, as a mark of respect or for protection:

haec ipsa sunt honorabilia... assurgi, deduci, reduci,

Cic. de Sen. 18, 63:

cum magna multitudo optimorum virorum et civium me de domo deduceret,

id. Fam. 10, 12, 2; Suet. Aug. 29:

ne deducendi sui causa populum de foro abduceret,

Liv. 23, 23 fin.; cf. Tac. A. 3, 14:

a quibus (sc. equitibus Rom.) si domus nostra celebratur, si interdum ad forum deducimur, etc.,

Cic. Mur. 34.—

Esp., to conduct a young man to a public teacher:

dicam hunc a patre continuo ad me esse deductum,

Cic. Cael. 4, 9; id. Lael. 1, 1; Tac. Dial. 34; Quint. 12, 11, 6; cf. ephebum in gymnasium, Petron. 85, 3.—

Aliquam alicui, ad aliquem, to lead, conduct a bride (from her father's house) to her husband (cf. denubo):

bona uxor si ea deducta est usquam cuiquam gentium,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 90; cf.

Catull. 68, 143: virginem juveni marito,

Tib. 3, 4, 31:

uni nuptam, ad quem virgo deducta sit,

Liv. 10, 23:

nullo exemplo deductae in domum patrui fratris filiae,

Tac. A. 12, 5; so,

in domum,

id. ib. 14, 63; so of the bridegroom himself, to take home the bride:

domum in cubiculum,

Ter. Ad. 4, 5, 60:

uxorem domum,

id. Hec. 1, 2, 60:

quo primum virgo quaeque deducta est,

Caes. B. G. 5, 14 fin.—Absol.:

eas velut auspicibus nobilissimis populis deductas esse,

Liv. 42, 12, 4; cf. Prop. 4 (5), 3, 13.—

In a dishonorable sense, to bring one a concubine, Plaut. Casin. 2, 8, 36; Cic. Verr. 2, 3, 34; Suet. Calig. 25; id. Caes. 50; id. Ner. 28; cf. also the foll., no. 7.—

To lead about in a public procession, Suet. Tib. 17 fin.:

invidens privata deduci superbo non humilis mulier triumpho,

Hor. Od. 1, 37, 31:

tensas,

Suet. Aug. 43; id. Vesp. 5.—

Hence, to drive out, expel = expellere: Arsinoen ex regno, Auct. B. [p. 527] Alex. 33:

ex possessione,

Liv. 34, 58, 6. —

Jurid. t. t.

Aliquem de fundo, to lead away a person from a disputed possession in the presence of witnesses (with or without force: the latter moribus, the former vi solida), in order to procure him the right of action (this was a symbolic procedure preparatory to an action): appellat Fabius, ut aut ipse Tullium deduceret aut ab eo deduceretur. Dicit deducturum se Tullius, etc., Cic. pro Tull. Fragm. § 20; id. Agr. 2, 26, 68;

placuit Caecinae constituere, quo die in rem praesentem veniretur, et de fundo Caecina moribus deduceretur, etc.,

id. Caecin. 7, 20.—

To bring before a tribunal as a witness:

multi boni ad hoc judicium deducti non sunt,

Cic. Flac. 4, 9.—

To bring to trial:

lis ad forum deducta est,

Phaedr. 3, 13, 3. —

With the accessory idea of diminution, to withdraw, deduct, subtract, diminish:

cibum,

Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 23. And as a mercantile t. t.:

addendo deducendoque videre, quae reliqui summa fiat,

Cic. Off. 1, 18, 59:

ut centum nummi deducerentur,

id. Leg. 2, 21, 53; cf. Cato R. R. 144 sq.:

de capite deducite, quod usuris pernumeratum est,

Liv. 6, 15; cf. Suet. Caes. 42 et saep.—Hence in a double sense: Tertia deducta est (in allusion to the meaning, no. 5, c. b), Suet. Caes. 50; cf. the same account in Macr. S. 2, 2.

Trop.

In gen., to bring down, bring or lead away, withdraw, bring, lead: quare, si placet, deduc orationem tuam de coelo ad haec citeriora, Cic. Fragm. ap. Non. 85, 20, and 289, 9:

licet enim contrahere universitatem generis humani, eamque gradatim ad pauciores, postremo deducere in singulos,

id. N. D. 2, 65 fin.:

aliquem de animi lenitate,

id. Cat. 2, 13; cf.:

aliquem de animi pravitate,

Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 10 fin.:

aliquem de sententia,

Cic. Brut. 25 fin.:

aliquem de fide,

id. Verr. 1, 9, 25 et saep.:

perterritos a timore,

id. N. D. 2, 59, 148:

aliquem a tristitia, ab acerbitate,

id. de Or. 2, 83 fin.:

aliquem ab humanitate, a pietate, a religione,

id. Verr. 2, 4, 6 (for which, shortly before, abducere):

aliquem a vera accusatione,

id. ib. 2, 1, 6 fin.; id. Fam. 1, 1, 2 et saep.:

voluntates impellere quo velit, unde autem velit deducere,

Cic. de Or. 1, 8, 30:

mos unde deductus,

derived, Hor. Od. 4, 4, 19; cf.:

nomen ab Anco,

Ov. F. 6, 803:

quae tandem ea est disciplina, ad quam me deducas,

Cic. Acad. 2, 36:

aliquem ad fletum misericordiamque,

id. de Or. 2, 45, 189:

aliquem ad eam sententiam,

Caes. B. G. 2, 10, 5; 6, 10, 2:

rem ad arma,

id. B. C. 1, 4 fin.; cf.:

rem ad otium,

id. ib. 1, 5 fin.:

plura argumenta ad unum effectum,

Quint. 9, 2, 103 et saep.:

quam in fortunam quamque in amplitudinem deduxisset (Aeduos),

Caes. B. G. 7, 54, 3; so,

aliquem in eum casum,

id. ib. 2, 31, 6:

aliquem in periculum,

id. ib. 7, 50, 4: Quint. 4, 2, 12; cf.:

rem in summum periculum,

Caes. B. G. 5, 31; id. B. C. 1, 19, 3:

rem in controversiam,

id. B. G. 7, 63, 5:

aliquem in causam,

Liv. 36, 5:

in societatem belli,

id. 36, 7 et saep.:

huc jam deduxerat rem, ut, etc.,

Caes. B. C. 1, 62; so,

rem huc, ut, etc.,

id. ib. 1, 86, 3:

deduxisti totam hanc rem in duo genera solum causarum, caetera innumerabilia exercitationi reliquisti,

have brought, reduced, Cic. de Or. 2, 17, 71; id. Cat. 2, 2, 4; cf.:

rem in eum locum, ut, etc.,

id. Fam. 16, 12:

quem in locum,

id. ib. 4, 2, 3:

ergo huc universa causa deducitur, utrum, etc.,

id. Rosc. Com. 12, 34:

rerum divisio in duos articulos deducitur,

Gai. Inst. 2, 2:

audi, quo rem deducam,

what I aim at, what I have in view, to what conclusion I will bring the matter, Hor. S. 1, 1, 15:

Aeolium carmen ad Italos modos,

transfer, transplant, id. Od. 3, 30, 14; cf.:

in patriam deducere musas,

Verg. G. 3, 10. —

In partic.

To mislead, seduce, entice, induce, bring one to an opinion (rare):

adolescentibus et oratione magistratus et praemio deductis,

Caes. B. G. 7, 37, 6; id. B. C. 1, 7, 1:

sibi esse facile, Seuthen regem Thracum deducere, ut, etc.,

Nep. Alcib. 8:

aliquem vero,

from the truth, Lucr. 1, 370.—

To spin out a literary composition, like a thread, i. e. to elaborate, prepare, compose ( poet., and in post-Aug. prose):

tenui deducta poëmata filo,

Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 225:

mille die versus,

id. Sat. 2, 1, 4; Ov. Pont. 1, 5, 13:

carmina,

id. Tr. 1, 1, 39; cf. id. ib. 5, 1, 71: nihil expositum, Juv. 7, 54:

commentarios,

Quint. 3, 6, 59:

oratio deducta atque circumlata,

finely spun out, id. 4, 1, 60 al.:

primaque ab origine mundi ad mea perpetuum deducite tempora carmen,

Ov. M. 1, 3; cf. id. Tr. 2, 560; Hor. A. P. 129:

opus,

Manil. 1, 3. —

(Another figure borrowed from spinning.) To make finer, thinner, weaker; to attenuate: vocem deducas oportet, ut mulieris videantur verba, Pompon. ap. Macr. Sat. 6, 4: "Odusseus" ad "Ulixem" deductus est, Quint. 1, 4, 16; cf. P. a. B.—

To derive (of the origin of words):

nomen Christianorum a Christo deducitur,

Tert. adv. Marc. 4, 14;

id. de Virg. vel. 5: diximus nomen religionis a vinculo pietatis esse deductum,

Lact. 4, 28, 12; cf.:

sed et Pharnacion (cognominatur) a Pharnace rege deductum,

Plin. 25, 4, 14, § 33.—

To remove, cure, of physical evils:

brassica de capite omnia deducet et sanum faciet,

Cato R. R. 157, 6:

corpore febres, animo curas,

Hor. Ep. 1, 2, 48; Cic. Fin. 5, 17, 47.—

To bring down (late Lat.):

deducis ad inferos,

i. e. to death, Vulg. Tobiae, 13, 2; id. Gen. 42, 38; id. 1 Reg. 2, 6.—

Law t. t., to withhold:

cum in mancipanda proprietate (usus fructus) deducatur,

Gai. Inst. 2, 33.—Hence,