aĕris+ap

lībella, ae, f. dim. [libra].

An as, a small silver coin, the tenth part of a denarius:

nummi denarii decuma libella, quod libram pondo aeris valebat, et erat ex argento parva,

Varr. L. L. 5, § 174 Müll.:

librales, unde etiam nunc libella dicitur et dupondius, appendebantur asses,

Plin. 33, 3, 13, § 42; Cato, R. R. 15, 1: sunt enim in sestertio libellae decem, singulae viginti, teruncii quadraginta, Volus. Maec. 66.—

In gen.

Prov. for a very small sum of money, as with us a farthing, groat, cent:

una libella liber possum fieri,

Plaut. Cas. 2, 5, 8; cf. id. Capt. 5, 1, 27:

tibi libellam argenti numquam credam,

id. Ps. 2, 2, 34:

quoi neque libellai spes sit usquam gentium,

id. ib. 1, 1, 96:

quom libella nusquamst, nisi, etc.,

id. ib. 4, 7, 47:

quis Volcatio unam libellam dedisset?

Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 10, § 26.—Hence, ad libellam, i. q. ad assem, to a farthing, to a cent, exactly, Cic. Rosc. Com. 4, 11.—

In inheritances: ex libella, i. q. ex asse, sole heir:

Curius fecit palam te ex libella, me ex teruncio,

Cic. Att. 7, 2, 3.—

An instrument for detecting any variation from a perfectly horizontal surface, a level, water-level, plummetline:

libella aliqua si ex parti claudicat hilum,

Lucr. 4, 515:

collocare et expolire aliquid ad regulam et libellam,

Vitr. 1, 6, 6; cf. Plin. 36, 25, 63, § 188:

structuram (parietis) ad normam et libellam fieri, et ad perpendiculum respondere oportet,

id. 36, 22, 51, § 172:

locus qui est ad libellam aequus,

quite, perfectly level, Varr. R. R. 1, 6 fin.

lībro, āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [libra].

To balance, make even, level, to determine a level: aquam, to level water, i. e. to ascertain the fall of water by means of a level, Vitr. 8, 6, 3: collocationem libratam indicare, id 8, 6, 1.— Pass. impers.:

libratur autem dioptris,

Vitr. 8, 6, 1.—

Transf., to make even or level:

pavimenta,

Cato, R. R. 18, 7.—

To hold in equilibrium, to poise, balance:

terra librata ponderibus,

Cic. Tusc. 5, 24, 69:

columnarum turbines ita librati perpenderunt, ut puero circumagente tornarentur,

Plin. 36, 13, 19, § 91:

librati pondera caeli orbe tene medio,

Luc. 1, 58.—

To cause to hang or swing, to keep suspended, keep in its place:

vela cadunt primo et dubia librantur ab aura,

are waved to and fro, Ov. F. 3, 585:

et fluctus supra, vento librante, pependit,

Sil. 17, 274:

aëris vi suspensam librari medio spatio tellurem,

Plin. 2, 5, 4, § 10.—

To cause to swing, to swing, sway, brandish, set in motion, hurl, dash, cast, launch, fling, throw:

summā telum librabat ab aure,

Verg. A. 9, 417:

ferro praefixum robur,

id. ib. 10, 479:

caestus,

id. ib. 5, 478:

tum librat ab aure intorquens jaculum,

Sil. 5, 576:

dextra libratum fulmen ab aure misit,

Ov. M. 2, 311; 5, 624; 7, 787; Luc. 3, 433:

librata cum sederit glans,

Liv. 38, 29: librare se, to balance or poise one's self, to fly:

cursum in aëre,

Ov. Am. 2, 6, 11: saepe lapillos Tollunt;

his sese per inania nubila librant,

Verg. G. 4, 196:

haliaeetos librans ex alto sese,

Plin. 10, 3, 3, § 8:

corpus in herba,

to stretch one's self out on the grass, Ov. F. 1, 429: incidentis manus libratur artifici temperamento, Plin. 12, 25, 54, § 115:

librare iter,

to take one's way, Sen. Oed. 899.—

Trop.

To make of even weight, to balance, make equal ( poet.):

orbem horis,

Col. 10, 42:

crimina in antithetis,

Pers. 1, 85.—

To weigh, ponder, consider ( poet. and in post-class. prose):

librabat metus,

Stat. Th. 9, 165: quae omnia meritorum momenta perpendit, librat, examinat, Naz. Pan. ad Const. 7: praescriptiones, Cod. Th. 8, 4, 26.— Hence, lībrātus, a, um, P. a.

Level, horizontal:

aquam non esse libratam, sed sphaeroides habere schema,

Vitr. 8, 6.—

Poised, balanced, swung, hurled, launched; forcible, powerful:

librata cum sederit (glans),

Liv. 38, 29:

librato magis et certo ictu,

violent, powerful, Tac. H. 2, 22:

malleus dextra libratus ab aure,

Ov. M. 2, 624:

per nubes aquila librata volatu,

Sil. 15, 429. — Comp.:

libratior ictus,

Liv. 30, 10; cf. id. 42, 65.—Hence, * adv.: lībrātē, deliberately:

aliquid eligere,

Serv. Verg. A. 2, 713.

lŭo, lui, 3, v. a. [root lu-, to wash; Gr. louô, loutron; cf. luma, luthron, polluo, diluo, and lavo], to wash, lave. — Lit.:

Graecia luitur Ionio,

Sil. 11, 22: amnis moenia luit, Prud. steph. 3, 190.—

Trop., to cleanse, purge:

insontes errore luit,

Val. Fl. 3, 407.

lŭo, lui (no sup., but fut. part. act. luiturus, Tert. adv. Marc. 5, 16; Claud. VI. Cons. Hon. 140; Prud. Psych. 535; v. Neue, Formenl. 2, p. 585), 3, v. a. [root lu, to loose, let go; Gr. luô; cf. lutêr, lutron; Lat. solvo, reluo; Germ. los; Engl. loose; prob. not connected with luo, 1.], to loose, let go, set free. —Hence,

To release from debt:

fundum a testatore obligatum,

Dig. 36, 1, 78, § 6.—

To pay a debt or penalty:

aes alienum,

Curt. 10, 2, 25:

debitum, Cod. Th. 2, 4, 3: cautum est ut lueret in singulas (arbores caesas) aeris XXV.,

Plin. 17, 1, 1, § 7.—

Luere poenas or poenam, to suffer as a punishment, undergo:

itaque mei peccati luo poenas,

Cic. Att. 3, 9, 1:

ad luendas rei publicae poenas,

id. Sull. 27, 76:

qui Tuscā pulsus ab urbe Exsilium dirā poenam pro caede luebat,

was undergoing banishment as a punishment, Ov. M. 3, 624:

augurium malis,

to suffer the misfortune which the augury predicted, Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 46:

supplicia crucibus,

Just. 2, 5, 6.—

To atone for, expiate (class.):

stuprum voluntariā morte luere,

Cic. Fin. 5, 22, 64:

noxam pecuniā,

Liv. 38, 37:

qui (obsides) capite luerent, si pacto non staretur,

id. 9, 5:

sanguine perjuria,

Verg. G. 1, 502:

commissa,

id. ib. 4, 454.—

To satisfy, appease:

libidinem alicujus sanguine innocentium,

Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 30, § 77.—

To avert by expiation or punishment:

pericula publica,

Liv. 10, 28, 13:

responsa,

to render void, of no effect, Val. Fl. 2, 569.

mancĭpĭum ( mancŭpĭum), ii (the contr. form of the gen., mancipi, like imperi, ingeni, etc., predominates in jurid. lang.), n. [manceps], a taking by hand; hence, law t. t., the formal acceptance, the taking possession of a purchase and sale (corresponding to the formal delivery by the vendor; cf. the feudal livery of seisin, etc.); the legal, formal purchase of a thing: est autem mancipatio imaginaria quaedam venditio: quod et ipsum jus proprium civium Romanorum est. Eaque res ita agitur: adhibitis non minus quam quinque testibus civibus Romanis puberibus et praeterea alio ejusdem condicionis, qui libram aeneam teneat, qui appellatur libripens, is qui mancipio accipit, rem tenens ita dicit: hunc ego hominem ex jure Quiritium meum esse aio, isque mihi emptus est hoc aere aëneaque libra: deinde aere percutit libram, idque aes dat ei, a quo mancipio accipit, quasi pretii loco. Eo modo et serviles et liberae personae mancipantur: animalia quoque, quae mancipi sunt, quo in numero habentur boves, equi, muli, asini;

ita praedia tam urbana quam rustica, quae et ipsa mancipi sunt, qualia sunt Italica, eodem modo solent mancipari. In eo solo praediorum mancipatio a ceterorum mancipatione differt, quod personae serviles et liberae, item animalia quae mancipi sunt, nisi in praesentia sint, mancipari non possunt, adeo quidem, ut eum, qui mancipio accipit, apprehendere id ipsum, quod ei mancipio datur, necesse sit: unde etiam mancipatio dicitur, quia manu res capitur: praedia vero absentia solent mancipari,

Gai. Inst. 1, 119 sq.:

hoc in mancipio Marius non dixerat,

at the sale, Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67; cf.:

cum M. Marius Graditianus aedes Auratae vendidisset, neque in mancipii lege dixisset, etc.,

in the contract of sale... in the sale, id. de Or. 1, 39, 178.—

Transf.

A possession, property, right of ownership, acquired by such purchase: mancipio dare, and accipere, to give or take possession of by way of formal seizure (on the case of mancipio, v. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1243): Ca. Memini et mancipio tibi dabo. Cu. Egon' ab lenone quicquam Mancipio accipiam? quibus sui nihil est nisi una lingua? Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 8; Cic. Att. 13, 50, 2:

ille aedis mancupio aps te accepit,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 19:

egomet ei me mancupio dabo,

id. Mil. 1, 1, 23:

finge mancipio aliquem dedisse id, quod mancipio dari non potest,

Cic. Top. 10, 45:

esse in mancipio alicujus,

to be the property of any one, Gell. 18, 6, 9:

mancupio aedis poscere,

Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 42.— Esp., in the Roman law, things were classified as res mancipi (for mancipii; also,

res mancupi for mancupii) and res nec mancipi, i. e. things transferrible only by formal mancipation, and things transferrible by mere delivery,

Gai. Inst. 2, 15 sqq.; 59; 65; Ulp. Fragm. 19, 1 sqq. (cf. Maine, Ancient Law, chap. viii.):

in iis rebus repetendis, quae mancipi sunt,

Cic. Mur. 2:

abalienatio est ejus rei, quae mancipi est, aut traditio alteri nexu aut in jure cessio,

id. Top. 5.—

Trop.:

vitaque mancipio nulli datur, omnibus usu,

Lucr. 3, 971: fortuna nihil dat mancipio, bestows nothing as a property or constant possession, Sen. Ep. 72, 9.—

Concr., a slave obtained by mancipium:

mancipia, quae dominorum sunt facta nexu aut aliquo jure civili,

Cic. Par. 5, 1, 35; id. Att. 8, 11, 4.—

In gen., a slave:

Edepol mancipium scelestum,

Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 20; cf. id. Truc. 2, 2, 18; id. Capt. 5, 2, 1:

mancipiis locuples eget aeris Cappadocum rex,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 39:

mancipia argento parata,

purchased slaves, Liv. 41, 6: mancipium Caesaris, Tac. A. 2, 2:

nudum olido stans Fornice,

Juv. 11, 172; 9, 120; Vulg. Apoc. 18, 13.—

Trop. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

jurat, Se fore mancipium tempus in omne tuum,

thy slave, servant, Ov. P. 4, 5, 40:

omnis Musae,

Petr. 68:

Christi,

Prud. Apoth. 476.

mancĭpĭum ( mancŭpĭum), ii (the contr. form of the gen., mancipi, like imperi, ingeni, etc., predominates in jurid. lang.), n. [manceps], a taking by hand; hence, law t. t., the formal acceptance, the taking possession of a purchase and sale (corresponding to the formal delivery by the vendor; cf. the feudal livery of seisin, etc.); the legal, formal purchase of a thing: est autem mancipatio imaginaria quaedam venditio: quod et ipsum jus proprium civium Romanorum est. Eaque res ita agitur: adhibitis non minus quam quinque testibus civibus Romanis puberibus et praeterea alio ejusdem condicionis, qui libram aeneam teneat, qui appellatur libripens, is qui mancipio accipit, rem tenens ita dicit: hunc ego hominem ex jure Quiritium meum esse aio, isque mihi emptus est hoc aere aëneaque libra: deinde aere percutit libram, idque aes dat ei, a quo mancipio accipit, quasi pretii loco. Eo modo et serviles et liberae personae mancipantur: animalia quoque, quae mancipi sunt, quo in numero habentur boves, equi, muli, asini;

ita praedia tam urbana quam rustica, quae et ipsa mancipi sunt, qualia sunt Italica, eodem modo solent mancipari. In eo solo praediorum mancipatio a ceterorum mancipatione differt, quod personae serviles et liberae, item animalia quae mancipi sunt, nisi in praesentia sint, mancipari non possunt, adeo quidem, ut eum, qui mancipio accipit, apprehendere id ipsum, quod ei mancipio datur, necesse sit: unde etiam mancipatio dicitur, quia manu res capitur: praedia vero absentia solent mancipari,

Gai. Inst. 1, 119 sq.:

hoc in mancipio Marius non dixerat,

at the sale, Cic. Off. 3, 16, 67; cf.:

cum M. Marius Graditianus aedes Auratae vendidisset, neque in mancipii lege dixisset, etc.,

in the contract of sale... in the sale, id. de Or. 1, 39, 178.—

Transf.

A possession, property, right of ownership, acquired by such purchase: mancipio dare, and accipere, to give or take possession of by way of formal seizure (on the case of mancipio, v. Roby, Gram. 2, § 1243): Ca. Memini et mancipio tibi dabo. Cu. Egon' ab lenone quicquam Mancipio accipiam? quibus sui nihil est nisi una lingua? Plaut. Curc. 4, 2, 8; Cic. Att. 13, 50, 2:

ille aedis mancupio aps te accepit,

Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 19:

egomet ei me mancupio dabo,

id. Mil. 1, 1, 23:

finge mancipio aliquem dedisse id, quod mancipio dari non potest,

Cic. Top. 10, 45:

esse in mancipio alicujus,

to be the property of any one, Gell. 18, 6, 9:

mancupio aedis poscere,

Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 42.— Esp., in the Roman law, things were classified as res mancipi (for mancipii; also,

res mancupi for mancupii) and res nec mancipi, i. e. things transferrible only by formal mancipation, and things transferrible by mere delivery,

Gai. Inst. 2, 15 sqq.; 59; 65; Ulp. Fragm. 19, 1 sqq. (cf. Maine, Ancient Law, chap. viii.):

in iis rebus repetendis, quae mancipi sunt,

Cic. Mur. 2:

abalienatio est ejus rei, quae mancipi est, aut traditio alteri nexu aut in jure cessio,

id. Top. 5.—

Trop.:

vitaque mancipio nulli datur, omnibus usu,

Lucr. 3, 971: fortuna nihil dat mancipio, bestows nothing as a property or constant possession, Sen. Ep. 72, 9.—

Concr., a slave obtained by mancipium:

mancipia, quae dominorum sunt facta nexu aut aliquo jure civili,

Cic. Par. 5, 1, 35; id. Att. 8, 11, 4.—

In gen., a slave:

Edepol mancipium scelestum,

Plaut. Ep. 5, 2, 20; cf. id. Truc. 2, 2, 18; id. Capt. 5, 2, 1:

mancipiis locuples eget aeris Cappadocum rex,

Hor. Ep. 1, 6, 39:

mancipia argento parata,

purchased slaves, Liv. 41, 6: mancipium Caesaris, Tac. A. 2, 2:

nudum olido stans Fornice,

Juv. 11, 172; 9, 120; Vulg. Apoc. 18, 13.—

Trop. ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

jurat, Se fore mancipium tempus in omne tuum,

thy slave, servant, Ov. P. 4, 5, 40:

omnis Musae,

Petr. 68:

Christi,

Prud. Apoth. 476.

marcŭlus or martŭlus, i, m. dim. [marcus], a small hammer, a hammer (ante-class. and post-Aug.):

malleus vocatur, quia dum quid calet et molle est, caedit et producit: marcus, malleus major: et dictus marcus, quod major sit ad caedendum, et fortior: marcellus mediocris: marculus malleus pusillus,

Isid. Orig. 19, 7, 2;

Lucil. ib.: tegulas invenit Cinyra, et metalla aeris, item forcipem, martulum, vectem, incudem,

Plin. 7, 56, 57, § 195:

alii caelo et marculo gemmulas exsculpunt,

Front. ad Caes. 4, 4, 3 Mai.:

aerariorum marculi,

Mart. 12, 57, 6.

Marcŭlus diminutivum a Marco, Paul. ex Fest. p. 125 Müll.