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1 Winsor, Frederick Albert
SUBJECT AREA: Public utilities[br]b. 1763 Brunswick, Germanyd. 11 May 1830 Paris, France[br]German pioneer of gas lighting,[br]He was born Frederic Albrecht Winzer but anglicized his name after settling in England. His interest in gas lighting was aroused by the experiments of Philippe Lebon in Paris in 1802. Winsor had little scientific knowledge or engineering ability, but was well endowed with confidence and enterprise. He alone among the early practitioners of gas-making envisaged a central plant supplying a number of users through gas mains. He managed to discover the essentials of Lebon's process and tried without success to exploit it on the European continent. So he moved to England in 1803 and settled first in Grosvenor Square and then in Pall Mall. He gave public demonstrations of gas lighting at the Lyceum Theatre in London and in 1804 took out his first patent. In December he lit Pall Mall, the first street to be illuminated by gas. Winsor then began to promote a grandiose scheme for the formation of a National Light and Heat Company. He struggled against bitter opposition both in and out of Parliament to obtain sanction for his company, and it was only after the third attempt that the Gas Light \& Coke Company received its charter in 1812. However, Winsor lacked the knowledge to devise successful gas-producing plant, even with the help of the German immigrant chemist F.C.Accum. Winsor was dismissed in 1812 and returned to Paris the following year, while the company recovered with the appointment of an able engineer, Samuel Clegg. Winsor formed a company in Paris to install gas lighting, but that failed in 1819.[br]Further ReadingW.Matthew, 1827, An Historical Sketch of the Origin, Progress and Present State of Gaslighting, London.E.G.Stewart, 1958, Town Gas, Its Manufacture and Distribution, London: Science Museum.LRDBiographical history of technology > Winsor, Frederick Albert
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2 a man with the bark on
человек с простыми, грубоватыми манерами, неотёсанный человек‘Glad to meet you, Mr. Fletcher. I've heard about you, not only from Lily.’ ‘Heard what about me?’ ‘Man with the bark on.’ (K. Winsor, ‘Wanderers Eastward, Wanderers West’, ch. XXI) — - Рад познакомиться с вами, мистер Флетчер. я много слышал о вас, и не только от Лили. - А что именно слышали? - что вы человек грубоватый, но честный.
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3 a master key
Winsor: "It must have been done from the window unless someone had a skeleton key." (J. Galsworthy, ‘Loyalties’, act I, sc. 1) — Винзор: "Это было сделано человеком, проникшим через окно или имевшим отмычку."
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4 a vigilance committee
амер.1) ист. "комитет бдительности" (террористическая организация, созданная для борьбы со сторонниками освобождения негров)The slave states... have organized Vigilance Committees and Lynch Clubs. (APT) — В рабовладельческих штатах были организованы "комитеты бдительности" и "клубы Линча"
2) "группа бдительности" (банда фашиствующих молодчиков, терроризировавшая прогрессивные элементы)A vigilance committee is an ugly business... (K. Winsor, ‘Wanderers Eastward, Wanderers West’, ch. 2) — "Группа бдительности" - это мерзкая организация...
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5 be born on the wrong side of the blanket
быть незаконнорождённым, родиться вне брака‘But thank God he's tough.’ ‘Thank God he is,’ Rose agreed. ‘Since he was born on the wrong side of the blanket.’ (K. Winsor, ‘Wanderers Eastward, Wanderers West’, ch. LXV) — - Но, слава богу, Юджин боксер и крепкий парень. - Слава богу, - согласилась Роза. - Он ведь незаконнорожденный.
Large English-Russian phrasebook > be born on the wrong side of the blanket
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6 fool's gold
прост."золото дураков", медный колчедан [называется так потому, что медный колчедан можно ошибочно принять за золото]Fool's gold. We keep it to remind ourselves, and our clients, that the hardest way in the world to get gold is to dig it. (K. Winsor, ‘Wanderers Eastward, Wanderers West’, ch. XVII) — Медный колчедан. Мы храним это "золото дураков", чтобы время от времени напоминать себе и клиентам, что золото труднее всего добывать на прииске.
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7 from the cradle
с колыбели, с юных лет, с пелёнок‘How did you happen to start studying politics, Hoke?’ ‘You know every Irish man studies politics from the cradle.’ (K. Winsor, ‘Wanderers Eastward, Wanderers West’, ch. XXVII) — - Как случилось, что вы стали заниматься политикой, Хоук? - Каждый ирландец, знаете ли, втянут в политику с пеленок.
He was an orator from the cradle. — Это был прирожденный оратор.
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8 from the ground up
разг.1) до основания, основательно, полностью, досконально, во всех отношениях [первонач. амер.]I know the Governor from the ground up... (E. O'Connor, ‘The Last Hurrah’, part I, ch. IV) — Уж я-то знаю губернатора как самого себя...
I'm a man... from the ground up - and there's no son of a bitch in this camp who don't know it... (K. Winsor, ‘Wanderers Eastward, Wanderers West’, ch. VIII) — я настоящий мужчина... и нет ни одного сукина сына в этом лагере, который бы не знал этого...
He changed everything from the ground up. — Он все основательно изменил.
2) с самого начала, с азов; ≈ из ничего, на пустом местеI'd very much like to find a business that I could buy and make into something, or start one from the ground up. I think you understand that. (J. O'Hara, ‘From the Terrace’) — Мне бы очень хотелось купить какое-нибудь дело и основательно расширить его. Или же начать что-то совсем новое. Думаю, вам это понятно.
Here... was a chance to start a fine educational job and to build practically from the ground up. (W. Du Bois, ‘Mansart Builds a School’, ch. VI) — Вот она... прекрасная возможность заниматься педагогической деятельностью, но начинать придется на пустом месте.
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9 get one's Irish up
жарг.(get one's Irish up (тж. get one's rag out, one's shirt off или out, one's monkey up; амер. get one's Indian up))беситься; ≈ лопаться со злости, лезть в бутылку, "метать икру"; см. тж. get smb.'s goat‘What do you think of her, Val?’ ‘Pretty and clever; but she might run out at any corner if she got her monkey up, I should say.’ (J. Galsworthy, ‘To Let’, part I, ch. V) — - Какого ты мнения о Флер, Вэл? - Хорошенькая и умная; но она, сдается мне, выбросит седока из седла, если ее разгорячить.
Now, wait a minute there, Betty. Don't get your Irish up. I asked a simple question. (K. Winsor, ‘Wanderers Eastward, Wanderers West’, ch. XLVIII) — Минутку, Бетти. Нечего так беситься. я задал тебе самый простой вопрос.
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10 God damn!
(God damn (it)!)чёрт возьми!, проклятие!, тьфу, пропасть! (восклицание, выражающее досаду, раздражение и т. п.)‘What're you doing down here, Betty?..’ ‘Allegra, God damn it.’ (K. Winsor, ‘Wanderers Eastward, Wanderers West’, ch. X) — - что ты делаешь здесь, Бетти?.. - Меня зовут Аллегра, черт побери.
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11 I don't care if I do
разг.я не прочь, не возражаю, не откажусь‘Ain't you staying?’ Beny asked. ‘I don't care if I do,’ Tuffy said. (E. Caldwell, ‘Jackpot’, ‘I Day's Wooing’) — - Не хотите ли остаться? - спросил Бени. - Что ж, я не прочь, - сказал Таффи.
‘Another glass of punch?’ ‘Don't care if I do.’ (K. Winsor, ‘Wanderers Eastward, Wanderers West’, ch. XXIX) — - Еще стаканчик пунша? - Не откажусь.
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12 Lebon, Philippe
SUBJECT AREA: Public utilities[br]b. 29 May 1767 Bruchey, near Joinville, Franced. 2 December 1804 Paris, France[br]French pioneer of gas lighting.[br]Lebon was the son of a court official under Louis XV. He entered the Ecole des Ponts et Chaussées and graduated in 1792, by which time he had acquired a considerable reputation as a scientific engineer. He is credited with the invention of the firetube steam boiler and of the superheater, and he also devised an engine to work by gas, but from 1792 until his untimely death he worked mainly on his experiments to produce an inflammable gas for lighting purposes. He submitted a paper on the subject in 1799 to the Institut National and received a patent in the same year. The patent covers the detailed making and application of gas for light, heat and power, and the recovery of by-products. It describes the production of the gas by the carbonization of coal, although Lebon in feet used only wood gas for his experiments and demonstrations. He began demonstrations in a private house in Paris, but these attracted little attention. He achieved wider public interest when he moved to the Hôtel Seignelay, where he started a series of public demonstrations in 1801, but he attracted little profit, and in fact lost his money in his experiments. He then set up a plant near Rouen to manufacture wood tar, but his career was brought to an end by his brutal murder in the Champs Elysées in Paris. William Murdock was working along similar lines in England, although Lebon knew nothing of his experiments. The German entrepreneur F.A. Winsor visited Lebon and managed to discover the essentials of his processes, which he turned to good account in England with the founding of the Gas, Light \& Coke Company.[br]Further ReadingS.T.McCloy, 1952, French Inventors of the Eighteenth Century.A.Fayol, 1943, Philippe Lebon et le gaz d'éclair-age.LRD -
13 Public utilities
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14 I dont care if I do
paзг.я нe пpoчь, нe вoзpaжaю, нe oткaжуcь'Ain't you staying?' Beny asked. 'I don't care if I do,' Tuffy said (E. Caldwelh. 'Another glass of punch?' 'Don't care if I do' (K. Winsor)
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