-
1 Schenectady
География: г. Скенектади, (г.) Скенектади (шт. Нью-Йорк, США) -
2 Schenectady
[skɪ`nektədɪ]СкенектадиАнгло-русский большой универсальный переводческий словарь > Schenectady
-
3 Schenectady
[skinéktədi]proper nameime am. mesta -
4 Schenectady
г. Скенектади; г. Скенектади (шт. Нью-Йорк, США)* * *Скенектади (США, шт. Нью-Йорк) -
5 Schenectady
Город на востоке штата Нью-Йорк на р. Мохок [ Mohawk River]. 61,8 тыс. жителей (2000), в МСА [ MSA] с городами Олбани [ Albany] и Трой [ Troy] - 875,5 тыс. человек. Центр энергомашиностроения и электротехнической промышленности: производство реакторов, турбогенераторов, электромоторов, турбин, кабеля. Здесь с 1894 находятся правление, предприятия и исследовательские центры корпорации "Дженерал электрик" [ General Electric Co.]. Основан голландцами в 1662, перешел к Англии в 1664. Развивался как речной порт, статус города с 1798. Среди достопримечательностей Дом-музей и лаборатория Ч. Стейнмица [ Steinmetz, Charles Proteus]. В 1831 первая в штате железная дорога соединила город с Олбани, что способствовало его промышленному развитию. В 1886 сюда перенес свою лабораторию Т. Эдисон [ Edison, Thomas Alva]English-Russian dictionary of regional studies > Schenectady
-
6 Schenectady
• okres v USA -
7 schenectady
-
8 Schenectady
[skıʹnektədı] n геогр.г. Скенектади -
9 Schenectady
Скенектади Город на северо-востоке США, шт. Нью-Йорк. 66 тыс. жителей (1990). Транспортный узел. Производство турбин, турбогенераторов, атомных реакторов, электромоторов; химическая промышленность. -
10 Schenectady
[skɪ'nektədɪ]сущ.; геогр.Скенектади (город в США, штат Нью-Йорк) -
11 Schenectady
-
12 Schenectady
n геогр. Скенектади -
13 Schenectady Army depot
SCAD, Schenectady Army depotEnglish-Russian dictionary of planing, cross-planing and slotting machines > Schenectady Army depot
-
14 Schenectady Army depot
Военный термин: склад СВ в СкенектадиУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Schenectady Army depot
-
15 Coolidge, William David
[br]b. 23 October 1873 Hudson, Massachusetts, USAd. 3 February 1975 New York, USA[br]American physicist and metallurgist who invented a method of producing ductile tungsten wire for electric lamps.[br]Coolidge obtained his BS from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in 1896, and his PhD (physics) from the University of Leipzig in 1899. He was appointed Assistant Professor of Physics at MIT in 1904, and in 1905 he joined the staff of the General Electric Company's research laboratory at Schenectady. In 1905 Schenectady was trying to make tungsten-filament lamps to counter the competition of the tantalum-filament lamps then being produced by their German rival Siemens. The first tungsten lamps made by Just and Hanaman in Vienna in 1904 had been too fragile for general use. Coolidge and his life-long collaborator, Colin G. Fink, succeeded in 1910 by hot-working directly dense sintered tungsten compacts into wire. This success was the result of a flash of insight by Coolidge, who first perceived that fully recrystallized tungsten wire was always brittle and that only partially work-hardened wire retained a measure of ductility. This grasped, a process was developed which induced ductility into the wire by hot-working at temperatures below those required for full recrystallization, so that an elongated fibrous grain structure was progressively developed. Sintered tungsten ingots were swaged to bar at temperatures around 1,500°C and at the end of the process ductile tungsten filament wire was drawn through diamond dies around 550°C. This process allowed General Electric to dominate the world lamp market. Tungsten lamps consumed only one-third the energy of carbon lamps, and for the first time the cost of electric lighting was reduced to that of gas. Between 1911 and 1914, manufacturing licences for the General Electric patents had been granted for most of the developed work. The validity of the General Electric monopoly was bitterly contested, though in all the litigation that followed, Coolidge's fibering principle was upheld. Commercial arrangements between General Electric and European producers such as Siemens led to the name "Osram" being commonly applied to any lamp with a drawn tungsten filament. In 1910 Coolidge patented the use of thoria as a particular additive that greatly improved the high-temperature strength of tungsten filaments. From this development sprang the technique of "dispersion strengthening", still being widely used in the development of high-temperature alloys in the 1990s. In 1913 Coolidge introduced the first controllable hot-cathode X-ray tube, which had a tungsten target and operated in vacuo rather than in a gaseous atmosphere. With this equipment, medical radiography could for the first time be safely practised on a routine basis. During the First World War, Coolidge developed portable X-ray units for use in field hospitals, and between the First and Second World Wars he introduced between 1 and 2 million X-ray machines for cancer treatment and for industrial radiography. He became Director of the Schenectady laboratory in 1932, and from 1940 until 1944 he was Vice-President and Director of Research. After retirement he was retained as an X-ray consultant, and in this capacity he attended the Bikini atom bomb trials in 1946. Throughout the Second World War he was a member of the National Defence Research Committee.[br]Bibliography1965, "The development of ductile tungsten", Sorby Centennial Symposium on the History of Metallurgy, AIME Metallurgy Society Conference, Vol. 27, ed. Cyril Stanley Smith, Gordon and Breach, pp. 443–9.Further ReadingD.J.Jones and A.Prince, 1985, "Tungsten and high density alloys", Journal of the Historical Metallurgy Society 19(1):72–84.ASDBiographical history of technology > Coolidge, William David
-
16 Alexanderson, Ernst Frederik Werner
[br]b. 25 January 1878 Uppsala, Swedend. ? May 1975 Schenectady, New York, USA[br]Swedish-American electrical engineer and prolific radio and television inventor responsible for developing a high-frequency alternator for generating radio waves.[br]After education in Sweden at the High School and University of Lund and the Royal Institution of Technology in Stockholm, Alexanderson took a postgraduate course at the Berlin-Charlottenburg Engineering College. In 1901 he began work for the Swedish C \& C Electric Company, joining the General Electric Company, Schenectady, New York, the following year. There, in 1906, together with Fessenden, he developed a series of high-power, high-frequency alternators, which had a dramatic effect on radio communications and resulted in the first real radio broadcast. His early interest in television led to working demonstrations in his own home in 1925 and at the General Electric laboratories in 1927, and to the first public demonstration of large-screen (7 ft (2.13 m) diagonal) projection TV in 1930. Another invention of significance was the "amplidyne", a sensitive manufacturing-control system subsequently used during the Second World War for controlling anti-aircraft guns. He also contributed to developments in electric propulsion and radio aerials.He retired from General Electric in 1948, but continued television research as a consultant for the Radio Corporation of America (RCA), filing his 321st patent in 1955.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsInstitution of Radio Engineers Medal of Honour 1919. President, IERE 1921. Edison Medal 1944.BibliographyPublications relating to his work in the early days of radio include: "Magnetic properties of iron at frequencies up to 200,000 cycles", Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers (1911) 30: 2,443."Transatlantic radio communication", Transactions of the American Institute of ElectricalEngineers (1919) 38:1,269.The amplidyne is described in E.Alexanderson, M.Edwards and K.Boura, 1940, "Dynamo-electric amplifier for power control", Transactions of the AmericanInstitution of Electrical Engineers 59:937.Further ReadingE.Hawkes, 1927, Pioneers of Wireless, Methuen (provides an account of Alexanderson's work on radio).J.H.Udelson, 1982, The Great Television Race: A History of the American Television Industry 1925–1941, University of Alabama Press (provides further details of his contribution to the development of television).KFBiographical history of technology > Alexanderson, Ernst Frederik Werner
-
17 94D
Аэропорты: Wells Seaplane Base, Schenectady, New York USA -
18 SCAD
1) Военный термин: Schenectady Army depot, strategic bomber penetration decoy, subsonic cruise armed decoy2) Сокращение: Scientific Adviser (NATO), Subsonic / Supersonic Cruise Armed Decoy -
19 WNYT
Телевидение: TV-13, Schenectady, New York -
20 WRUC
Радио: FM-89.7, Union College, Schenectady, New York
- 1
- 2
См. также в других словарях:
Schenectady — Administration Pays … Wikipédia en Français
Schenectady — Spitzname: The Electric City … Deutsch Wikipedia
Schenectady — Ciudad de los Estados Unidos Nott Memorial … Wikipedia Español
SCHENECTADY — SCHENECTADY, a formerly industrial city situated on the Mohawk River in east central New York State. Of its 61,821 inhabitants (2000) about 5,200 Jews live in the city and suburbs. Jews first settled in Schenectady in the 1840s when Louis Jacobs… … Encyclopedia of Judaism
Schenectady — [skɪ nektədɪ], Stadt im Osten des Bundesstaates New York, USA, am Mohawk River und New York State Barge Canal, 65 600 Einwohner; die Metropolitan Area Albany Schenectady Troy hat 874 300 Einwohner; Schenectady ist ein Zentrum der… … Universal-Lexikon
Schenectady — Schenectady, NY U.S. city in New York Population (2000): 61821 Housing Units (2000): 30272 Land area (2000): 10.847665 sq. miles (28.095322 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.139972 sq. miles (0.362526 sq. km) Total area (2000): 10.987637 sq. miles (28 … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Schenectady, NY — U.S. city in New York Population (2000): 61821 Housing Units (2000): 30272 Land area (2000): 10.847665 sq. miles (28.095322 sq. km) Water area (2000): 0.139972 sq. miles (0.362526 sq. km) Total area (2000): 10.987637 sq. miles (28.457848 sq. km)… … StarDict's U.S. Gazetteer Places
Schenectady — (spr. Skenectädi, 1) Grafschaft im Staate New York (Nordamerika), 9 QM., vom Mohawk River durchflossen; im Süden hügelig; Producte: Mais, Hafer, Kartoffeln; die Grafschaft wird von vier Eisenbahnen, welche sich bei der Hauptstadt (s. S. 2)… … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Schenectady — (spr. ßkĕnécktĕdì), Hauptstadt der gleichnamigen Grafschaft im nordamerikan. Staate New York, am Mohawkfluß und Eriekanal, Bahnknotenpunkt, altertümliche Stadt, hat eine 1795 gegründete Hochschule (Union College), die großartigen Werkstätten der… … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Schenectady — (spr. ßkennécktäddĭ), Stadt im nordamerik. Staate Neuyork, am Mohawkfluß und Eriekanal, (1900) 31.682 E.; 1620 von Holländern gegründet … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon
Schenectady — [skə nek′tə dē] [Du Schanhectade < Mohawk skahnéhtati, Albany, lit., on the other side of the pines: the pines were between the communities; the Dutch transferred the name] city in E N.Y., on the Mohawk River: pop. 62,000 … English World dictionary