OLZ

Grammatical information: m., often plur.

Meaning: `whirling, whirl-pool' (Hp., Pl.),

Other forms: εἶλιγξ ( ἶλ-), - γγος m. (D. S. u. a.). ἴλ-

Derivatives: Denomin. verb εἰλιγγ-ιάω ( ἰλ-) `have whirlings' (Ar.); with εἰλιγγιώδης `have vertigo's' (gloss.).

Origin: XX [etym. unknown]

Etymology: Form in - ιγγ(ο)- (Schwyzer 498, Chantr. Form. 398ff.), either direct from εἰλέω `turn, wind' or through an unknown noun. Initial εἰ- from the present (cf. 2. εἰλέω); a prothet. ἐ- (Solmsen Unt. 243f. as alternative) is superfluous. On ἰλ- for εἰλ- cf. ἴλη. - See 2. εἰλέω. Uncertain is Toch. B wai walau `vertigo' (two words?), s. v. Windekens Lexique étymologique 150, Sieg OLZ 46, 137. - The word could well be Pre-Greek and have nothing to do with εἰλέω.

Page in Frisk: 1,459

Grammatical information: m.

Meaning: `lizard, crocodile' (Hdt., Arist.)

Other forms: also κορκ- (Pap.), κροκύδ- (Hippon.), κρεκύδ- (Et. Gen.)

Compounds: As 1. member a. o. in κροκοδιλο-τάφιον `burial place for crocodiles' (pap.).

Derivatives: κροκοδιλίτης m. ( λόγος, Chrysipp.; Redard Les noms grecs en - της 113) = Lat. crocodilina ambiguitas (Quint.) "crocodile conclusion', a false conclusion; κροκοδίλεον (Dsc., Gal.), - διλιάς (Gal., Alex. Trall.) `Eryngium maritimum, sea-holly'; - διλέα `excrements of the κροκ. χερσαῖος', used as eye-salve (Plin.). Acc. to Hdt. 2, 69 properly Ionic name of a lizard, then transferred to the crocodile and the alligator.

Origin: ??

Etymology: Perh as popular word prop. "Kieswurm", from κρόκη `gravel' and δρῖλος `worm' with dissimilation. Extensively Diels and Brugmann IF 15, 1ff., also Solmsen BphW 1906, 758f.; there also on the itacistic writing - ει- and other variants. - After Grumach OLZ 1931, 1012 however Pre-Greek (rejected by Kretschmer Glotta 22, 261).

Page in Frisk: 2,22-23

Grammatical information: f. n.

Meaning: `petroleum' (LXX, Str., Dsc.).

Other forms: - ας m.

Origin: LW [a loanword which is (probably) not of Pre-Greek origin] Iran.

Etymology: From NPers. naft `petroleum' which is of unknown origin. -- After Brandenstein OLZ 43, 345 ff. (with Herzfeld Arch. Mitt. aus Iran 9, 80ff.) from Iran. * nafta- from * nab- `be wet'; after B. further to IE * nebh- in νέφος, Neptunus etc. (doubtful). On meaning and further forms (Accad. napṭu) Forbes Mnem. 3: 4, 70f. Lat. LW [loanword] nap(h)tha.

Page in Frisk: 2,

Grammatical information: f.

Meaning: `cart-basket' (Hom.).

Other forms: Acc. sg. (ο 131, Ω 190), - ινθος gen. (A. R. 3, 873), to which nom. πείρινς (gramm.)

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: Like many words in - νθ- prob. Pre-Greek. Several PN are connected with it: Πειρήνη, Πειραιεύς etc. (Bosshardt 141, Deroy Glotta 35, 191, v. Windekens Beitr. z. Namenforsch. 7, 312 f.); also Πειρίθοος (?; Grumach OLZ 1931, 1011). Diff. on Πειραιεύς, - αιός Χάτζῆς (s. Kretschmer Glotta 17, 262): prop. "ferry-man", to περάω etc.; not convincing.

Page in Frisk: 2,491

κόλπος, ου, ὁ (Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX; TestSol 2:3 W; TestAbr; TestJob 10:4; JosAs ch. 11 cod. A [p. 52, 11 Bat.]; ApcSed 14:6; Philo, Joseph.) var. mngs. in gener. lit. usage, freq. w. suggestion of curvature and the hollow so formed, as of a person’s chest, folds in a garment or a bay of the sea; our lit. contains no application of the term to anatomical parts uniquely female.

① bosom, breast, chest ἀνακεῖσθαι ἐν τῷ κόλπῳ τινός lie (at a meal) w. one’s head on someone’s breast (a position dictated by ancient banqueting practice: s. ἀνάκειμαι 2) J 13:23. ἐν τοῖς κόλποις αὐτοῦ (=τοῦ Ἀβραάμ. In this case ἀνακείμενον is to be supplied) lying in Abraham’s bosom (in the place of honor at the banquet in the next world. On the pl. s. B-D-F §141, 5; Rob. 408; Theocr. 2, 120 and below; Plut., Cato Min. 775 [33, 4], cp. also Sb 2034, 11 ἐν κόλποις Ἀβρὰμ κ. Ἰσὰκ κ. Ἰακώβ) Lk 16:23. ἀπενεχθῆναι εἰς τὸν κ. Ἀβραάμ be carried to Abraham’s bosom vs. 22 (New Docs 3, 106f). The mng. lap is also poss. for κόλποι (Ael. Aristid. 13 p. 163 D.: ἐκ τῶν κόλπων τ. γῆς; Diog. L. 3, 44; Meleager, Anth. Pal. 5, 165 ἐν κόλποισιν ἐκείνης=lying on her lap; Anonymous Vita Pla. ed. Westerm. 1850 p. 5, 31 ἐντὸς κόλπων for 2, 44 ἐν τοῖς γόνασιν); the sing. in this sense: ἦλθεν εἰς τὸν κ. τῆς μητρός GJs 6:1 (Epict. 2, 5, 16; 4, 7, 24; Vi. Aesopi G 82; 137 P.; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 8, 12 [cp. Piers Plowman, version C 9, 283 ‘in Abrahammes lap’; PHaupt, AJP 42, 1921, 162–67; ESchwyzer, Der Götter Knie—Abrahams Schoss: JWackernagel Festschr. 1923, 283–93; MMieses, Im Schosse Abrahams: OLZ 34, ’31, 1018–21. Opposing him BHeller, ibid. 36, ’33, 146–49.—Rabb. in RMeyer, TW III 825]). ἐὰν ἦτε συνηγμένοι ἐν τῷ κ. μου if you are gathered in my bosom 2 Cl 4:5 (a saying of Jesus; cp. Judaicon 68, 41f twice). Furthermore, apart fr. the idea of dining together on the same couch, ‘being in someone’s bosom’ denotes the closest association (cp. Plut., Pericl. 1, 1, Demosth. 31, 6, Cato Min. 33, 7 Ziegler v.l.: Gabinius, an ἄνθρωπος ἐκ τῶν Πομπηί̈ου κόλπων; Longus, Past. 4, 36, 3; Num 11:12; Dt 13:7; 28:54, 56; 2 Km 12:3; 3 Km 17:19; Ruth 4:16): ὁ ὢν εἰς τὸν κ. τοῦ πατρός who rests in the bosom of the Father J 1:18 (M-EBoismard, RB 59, ’52, 23–39; OHofius, ZNW 80, ’89, 163–71).

② the fold of a garment, fold, formed as it falls from the chest over the girdle (Hom. et al.; Jos., Ant. 2, 273). Fr. early times (e.g. Od. 15, 468; Herodas 6, 102; Diod S 25, 16; Appian, Iber. 13 §49; Polyaenus 7, 48; 8, 64; Dio Chrys. 67 [17], 22; Ex 4:6f; Jos., Bell. 6, 195) this fold was used as a pocket. διδόναι τι εἰς τὸν κ. τινός put someth. into the fold of someone’s garment (cp. Polyb. 3, 33, 2; Ps 78:12; Is 65:6; Jer 39:18; TestJob 10:4 κόλπῳ κενῷ) Lk 6:38.

③ a part of the sea that indents a shoreline, bay (Hom. et al.; OGI 441, 218; Philo, Op. M. 113; Jos., Ant. 3, 25) Ac 27:39.—B. 39. DELG. M-M. TW.

στατήρ, ῆρος, ὁ (as the name of coins Aristoph., Hdt. et al.; ins, pap, Aq., Sym., Jos., Ant. 7, 379; loanw. in rabb.) the stater, a silver coin = four drachmas (c. four days’ wages) Mt 17:27 (s. OLZ 40, ’37, 665–70; JDerrett, Law in the NT, ’70, 248–52; NMc-Eleney, CBQ 38, ’76, 178–92); 26:15 v.l.—Lit. s.v. ἀργύριον 2c.—DELG. M-M.

Ἐλύμας, α, ὁ Elymas (PKatz recommends Ἐλυμᾶς. In Diod S [20, 17, 1; 18, 3] as name of a Libyan king Αἰλύμας) a magician of Cyprus Ac 13:8, who was also called Barjesus acc. to vs. 6. Ac obviously considers the two names to be linguistically equiv. to each other; it is hardly correct to assume, w. some, that vs. 8 means to say that the word Elymas=μάγος (but s. Haenchen, Acts, ad loc.). Wendt, e.g., holds that the Arab. verb ˓alima=recognize, gain insight into someth., whence ˓alîm=magician, one who tries to see into the future. Dalman (Gramm.² 162) finds in Ἐ. Ἐλυμαῖος=Ἐλαμίτης; Grimme interprets it as ‘astrologer’, Burkitt as ὁ λοιμός pestilence (s. λοιμός II, 2), Harris, Zahn, Clemen and Wlh. prefer the rdg. Ἕτοιμας, from D, and identify the magician w. the sorcerer Ἄτομος in Jos., Ant. 20, 142. See RHarris, Exp. 1902, I 189ff; FBurkitt, JTS 4, 1903, 127ff; CClemen, Paulus 1904, I 222f; TZahn, NKZ 15, 1904, 195ff, D. Urausgabe der AG des Luk. 1916, 149f; 350ff; HGrimme, OLZ 12, 1909, 207ff; Wlh., Kritische Analyse der AG 1914, 24.—M-M.

ἰχθύς (Herodian 2, 936 prefers ἰχθῦς; s. Schwyzer I 350; DELG and Frisk s.v. ἰχθῦς; B-D-F §13; Mlt-H. 141f), ύος, ὁ (Hom.+; ins, pap, LXX; En 7:5; 101:7; PsSol 5:9; TestSol; also PVindob 18:38 superscr.; Test12Patr; JosAs 10:14; Philo, Joseph., Just., Ath.) acc. pl. ἰχθύας (Epict. 4, 1, 30; Arrian, Anab. 5, 4, 3; PFay 113, 13 [100 A.D.].—The acc. form ἰχθῦς [Athen. 7 p. 327b] is not found in our lit.) fish, as food Mt 7:10; 14:17, 19; 15:36; 17:27 (s. RMeyer, OLZ 40, ’37, 665–70; JDerrett, Law in the NT, ’70, 258–60); Mk 6:38, 41, 43; Lk 5:6, 9; 9:13, 16; 11:11; 24:42; J 21:6, 8, 11 (Jos., Bell. 3, 508 the γένη ἰχθύων in the Lake of Gennesaret.—TestZeb 6:6 extraordinary catches of fish caused by divine intervention). The flesh of fishes 1 Cor 15:39. ἰχθύες τ. θαλάσσης B 6:12 (Gen 1:26, 28); cp. vs. 18; 10:10. οἱ ἰ. αὐτῶν (τῶν ὑδάτων) GJs 3:3. Fish that by nature have no scales may not be eaten by Jews B 10:1 (s. Lev 11:9–12; Dt 14:9f).—RAC VII 959–1097 (lit.); D’Arcy Thompson, A Glossary of Greek Fishes ’47. B. 184. M-M.

ῥακά (also written ῥαχά; so as an uncomplimentary, perh. foul epithet in a Zenon pap of 257 B.C.: Sb 7638, 7 ʼ Αντίοχον τὸν ῥαχᾶν [s. on this Colwell, JBL 53, ’34, 351–54; Goodsp, Probs. 20–23; MSmith, JBL 64, 1945, 502f]) a term of abuse/put-down relating to lack of intelligence, numskull, fool (in effect verbal bullying) Mt 5:22, a term of abuse, as a rule derived fr. the Aramaic רֵיקָא or רֵיקָה ‘empty one’, found (Billerb. I 278f) in the Talmud (EKautzsch, Gramm. des Biblisch-Aramäischen 1884, 10; Dalman, Gramm.² 173f; SFeigin, JNES 2, ’43, 195f; Mlt-H. 152 w. note 3), empty-head. Doubt as to the correctness of this derivation is expressed by Wlh. and Zahn ad loc.; FSchulthess, ZNW 21, 1922, 241–43. Among the ancient interpreters, the Gk. Onomastica, Jerome, Hilary, and the Opus Imperfectum p. 62 (MPG LVI, 690) take ῥ. as= κενός=Lat. vacuus=empty-head, numskull, fool. Chrysostom says (MPG LVII, 248): τὸ δὲ ῥακὰ οὐ μεγάλης ἐστὶν ὕβρεως ῥῆμα … ἀντὶ τοῦ σύ=‘ῥ. is not an expression denoting a strong put-down … but is used in place of σύ.’ The same thing in somewhat different words in Basilius, Regulae 51 p. 432c: τί ἐστί ῥακά; ἐπιχώριον ῥῆμα ἠπιωτέρας ὕβρεως, πρὸς τοὺς οἰκειοτέρους λαμβανόμενον ‘what is the mng. of ῥ.? It is a colloquial term of rather gentle cheek and generally used in familiar surroundings’. Sim., Hecataeus: 264 Fgm. 4 p. 13, 21f Jac. (in Plut., Mor. 354d) explains the name Ammon as coming fr. a form of address common among the Egyptians: προσκλητικὴν εἶναι τὴν φωνήν.—SKrauss, OLZ 22, 1919, 63; JLeipoldt, CQR 92, 1921, 38; FBussby, ET 74, ’64, 26; RGuelich, ZNW 64, ’73, 39–52; Betz, SM ad loc. S. the lit. s.v. μωρός.—TRE III 608. EDNT. M-M. TW.