-
1 imi
infĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. infer:I.ubi super inferque vicinus permittet,
Cato, R. R. 149), adj. [cf. Sanscr. adh-aras, adh-amas, the lower, lowest; and Lat. infra], that is below, underneath, lower; opp. superus.Posit.A.In gen.: inferus an superus tibi fert Deus funera, Liv. Andr. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.; cf.:B.Di Deaeque superi atque inferi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36; Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6; cf.also: ut ex tam alto dignitatis gradu ad superos videantur deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:loca,
the lower parts, id. Arat. 474:fulmina,
that come out of the ground, Plin. 2, 52, 53, § 138: aqua, that falls down, rain-water, Varr. ap. Non. 1, 221: mare inferum, the Lower, i. e. the Tuscan Sea (opp. mare superum, the Upper or Adriatic Sea), Mel. 2, 4; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 75; Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1; id. de Or. 3, 19 et saep. also without mare:navigatio infero,
upon the Tuscan Sea, id. Att. 9, 5, 1.—In partic., underground, belonging to the Lower World: infĕri, ōrum, m. ( gen. inferūm for inferorum, Varr. ap. Macr. S. 1, 16; Sen. de Ira, 2, 35), the inhabitants of the infernal regions, the dead:II. A.triceps apud inferos Cerberus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:si ab inferis exsistat rex Hiero,
were to rise from the dead, Liv. 26, 32:si salvi esse velint, Sulla sit iis ab inferis excitandus,
to be raised from the dead, Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 20:inferorum animas elicere,
id. Vatin. 6, 14:ad inferos poenas parricidii luere,
in the infernal regions, id. Phil. 14, 12, 32:ab inferis excitare aliquem,
i. e. to quote the words of one deceased, id. Or. 25, 85; id. Brut. 93, 322.Lit.:B.spatium,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46, 3:locus,
id. ib. 2, 25:pars,
id. ib. 7, 35: ex inferiore loco dicere, from below (opp. ex superiore loco, from the tribunal), Cic. Att. 2, 24, 3; cf.superus, II. A.: onerosa suo pondere in inferius feruntur,
downwards, Ov. M. 15, 241:scriptura,
Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117.— Plur. subst.: infĕrĭōres, um, m., the people of the lower part of the city, Auct. B. Alex. 6, 3. —Trop.1.Subsequent, later, latter, in time or succession:2.erant inferiores quam illorum aetas, qui, etc.,
lived later, were younger, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 2; cf.:aetate inferiores paulo quam Iulius, etc.,
id. Brut. 49, 182; and:inferioris aetatis esse,
id. ib. 64, 228:inferiores quinque dies,
the latter, Varr. L. L. 6, § 13 Müll. —Inferior in quality, rank, or number.(α).With abl. specif.:(β).voluptatibus erant inferiores, nec pecuniis ferme superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34:inferior fortunā,
id. Fam. 13, 5, 2:dignitate, auctoritate, existimatione, gratia non inferior, quam qui umquam fuerunt amplissimi,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 6:inferiores animo,
Caes. B. G. 3, 24:quemadmodum causa inferior, dicendo fieri superior posset,
Cic. Brut. 8:erat multo inferior navium numero Brutus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 57. — With abl.:ut humanos casus virtute inferiores putes,
Cic. Lael. 2.—With in and abl.:(γ).in jure civili non inferior, quam magister fuit,
Cic. Brut. 48, 179.—Absol.:III. A.inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. §71: invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209; cf.:indignum est, a pari vinci aut superiore, indignius ab inferiore atque humiliore,
id. Quint. 31:supplices inferioresque,
id. Font. 11:ordines,
Caes. B. C. 1, 46:crudelis in inferiores,
Auct. Her. 4, 40:non inferiora secutus,
naught inferior, Verg. A. 6, 170.Form infimus (infumus), a, um, lowest, last (= imus;1.but where the lowest of several objects is referred to, infimus is used,
Cic. N. D. 1, 37, 103; 2, 6, 17; v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 588).Lit.:2.stabiliendi causa singuli ab infimo solo pedes terra exculcabantur,
Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 7:ab infimis radicibus montis,
id. B. C. 1, 41, 3; 1, 42, 2:cum scripsissem haec infima,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6:ab infima ara,
from the lowest part of the altar, id. Div. 1, 33; cf.:sub infimo colle,
the foot, Caes. B. G. 7, 79. — Subst.: infĭmum, i, n., the lowest part, bottom, in the phrase:ab infimo,
from below, at the bottom, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 140:collis erat leniter ab infimo acclivis,
Caes. B. G. 7, 19, 1 (for which, ab imo;v. below, B. 1.): stipites demissi et ab infimo revincti,
id. ib. 7, 73, 3; cf. Sen. Q. N. 3, 30, 4; 6, 4, 1; so,ad infimum,
at the bottom, Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 3:collis passus circiter CC. infimus apertus,
at the bottom, id. ib. 2, 18, 2.—Trop., lowest, meanest, basest in quality or rank:B.infima faex populi,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6; cf.:condicio servorum,
id. Off. 1, 13:infimo loco natus,
id. Fl. 11:summos cum infimis pari jure retinebat,
id. Off. 2, 12:humilitas natalium,
Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 37:preces,
the most humble, Liv. 8, 2; 29, 30. — Hence, infĭmē, adv., only trop., at the bottom (late Lat.):quid summe est, quid infime,
Aug. Ep. 18, 2. —Form imus, a, um, the lowest, deepest, last ( = infimus; but when opp. to summus, to express a whole from end to end, imus is used; v. Suet. Aug. 79; Quint. 2, 13, 9; Liv. 24, 34, 9; Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 588).1.Lit.:A.ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:terra ima sede semper haeret,
id. Rep. 6, 18:fundo in imo,
at the very bottom, Verg. A. 6, 581: vox, the deepest bass (opp. vox summa, the treble), Hor. S. 1, 3, 7; Quint. 11, 3, 15:conviva,
that reclines at the bottom, Hor. S. 2, 8, 40; Mart. 6, 74:ad imam quercum,
at the foot of the oak, Phaedr. 2, 4, 3:in aure ima,
at the bottom of the ear, Plin. 11, 45, 103, § 205. — As substt.Plur.: īmi, ōrum, m., the lowest, most humble:B.aequalis ad maximos imosque pervenit clementiae tuae admiratio,
Sen. Clem. 1, 1, 9:pacis et armorum superis imisque deorum Arbiter,
Ov. F. 5, 665. —īmum, i, n., the bottom, depth, low [p. 945] est part. Lit.:2.ab imo ad summum,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 308:locus erat paulatim ab imo acclivis,
Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 1 (for which, ab infimo; v. above, A. 1.); so,tigna paulum ab imo praeacuta,
id. ib. 4, 17:suspirare ab imo,
to fetch a deep sigh, Ov. A. A. 3, 675:(aures) instabiles imo facit,
at the bottom. at their roots, id. M. 11, 177:aquae perspicuae imo,
down to the bottom, id. ib. 5, 588. — Plur.:ima summis mutare,
to turn the lowest into the highest, Hor. C. 1, 34, 12; Vell. 2, 2:ima,
the under world, Ov. M. 10, 47.—With gen.:ima maris,
the bottom of the sea, Plin. 32, 6, 21, § 64:ima montis,
the foot of a mountain, id. 4, 11, 18, § 40.—Trop., with respect to time or order, the last (mostly poet.):mensis,
Ov. F. 2, 52.—Hence, subst.: īmum, i, n., the last, the end:nihil nostrā intersit an ab summo an ab imo nomina dicere incipiamus,
Auct. Her. 3, 18, 30:si quid inexpertum scaenae committis... servetur ad imum,
till the last, to the end, Hor. A. P. 126:dormiet in lucem... ad imum Threx erit,
at last, id. Ep. 1, 18, 35. -
2 imum
infĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. infer:I.ubi super inferque vicinus permittet,
Cato, R. R. 149), adj. [cf. Sanscr. adh-aras, adh-amas, the lower, lowest; and Lat. infra], that is below, underneath, lower; opp. superus.Posit.A.In gen.: inferus an superus tibi fert Deus funera, Liv. Andr. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.; cf.:B.Di Deaeque superi atque inferi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36; Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6; cf.also: ut ex tam alto dignitatis gradu ad superos videantur deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:loca,
the lower parts, id. Arat. 474:fulmina,
that come out of the ground, Plin. 2, 52, 53, § 138: aqua, that falls down, rain-water, Varr. ap. Non. 1, 221: mare inferum, the Lower, i. e. the Tuscan Sea (opp. mare superum, the Upper or Adriatic Sea), Mel. 2, 4; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 75; Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1; id. de Or. 3, 19 et saep. also without mare:navigatio infero,
upon the Tuscan Sea, id. Att. 9, 5, 1.—In partic., underground, belonging to the Lower World: infĕri, ōrum, m. ( gen. inferūm for inferorum, Varr. ap. Macr. S. 1, 16; Sen. de Ira, 2, 35), the inhabitants of the infernal regions, the dead:II. A.triceps apud inferos Cerberus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:si ab inferis exsistat rex Hiero,
were to rise from the dead, Liv. 26, 32:si salvi esse velint, Sulla sit iis ab inferis excitandus,
to be raised from the dead, Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 20:inferorum animas elicere,
id. Vatin. 6, 14:ad inferos poenas parricidii luere,
in the infernal regions, id. Phil. 14, 12, 32:ab inferis excitare aliquem,
i. e. to quote the words of one deceased, id. Or. 25, 85; id. Brut. 93, 322.Lit.:B.spatium,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46, 3:locus,
id. ib. 2, 25:pars,
id. ib. 7, 35: ex inferiore loco dicere, from below (opp. ex superiore loco, from the tribunal), Cic. Att. 2, 24, 3; cf.superus, II. A.: onerosa suo pondere in inferius feruntur,
downwards, Ov. M. 15, 241:scriptura,
Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117.— Plur. subst.: infĕrĭōres, um, m., the people of the lower part of the city, Auct. B. Alex. 6, 3. —Trop.1.Subsequent, later, latter, in time or succession:2.erant inferiores quam illorum aetas, qui, etc.,
lived later, were younger, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 2; cf.:aetate inferiores paulo quam Iulius, etc.,
id. Brut. 49, 182; and:inferioris aetatis esse,
id. ib. 64, 228:inferiores quinque dies,
the latter, Varr. L. L. 6, § 13 Müll. —Inferior in quality, rank, or number.(α).With abl. specif.:(β).voluptatibus erant inferiores, nec pecuniis ferme superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34:inferior fortunā,
id. Fam. 13, 5, 2:dignitate, auctoritate, existimatione, gratia non inferior, quam qui umquam fuerunt amplissimi,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 6:inferiores animo,
Caes. B. G. 3, 24:quemadmodum causa inferior, dicendo fieri superior posset,
Cic. Brut. 8:erat multo inferior navium numero Brutus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 57. — With abl.:ut humanos casus virtute inferiores putes,
Cic. Lael. 2.—With in and abl.:(γ).in jure civili non inferior, quam magister fuit,
Cic. Brut. 48, 179.—Absol.:III. A.inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. §71: invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209; cf.:indignum est, a pari vinci aut superiore, indignius ab inferiore atque humiliore,
id. Quint. 31:supplices inferioresque,
id. Font. 11:ordines,
Caes. B. C. 1, 46:crudelis in inferiores,
Auct. Her. 4, 40:non inferiora secutus,
naught inferior, Verg. A. 6, 170.Form infimus (infumus), a, um, lowest, last (= imus;1.but where the lowest of several objects is referred to, infimus is used,
Cic. N. D. 1, 37, 103; 2, 6, 17; v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 588).Lit.:2.stabiliendi causa singuli ab infimo solo pedes terra exculcabantur,
Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 7:ab infimis radicibus montis,
id. B. C. 1, 41, 3; 1, 42, 2:cum scripsissem haec infima,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6:ab infima ara,
from the lowest part of the altar, id. Div. 1, 33; cf.:sub infimo colle,
the foot, Caes. B. G. 7, 79. — Subst.: infĭmum, i, n., the lowest part, bottom, in the phrase:ab infimo,
from below, at the bottom, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 140:collis erat leniter ab infimo acclivis,
Caes. B. G. 7, 19, 1 (for which, ab imo;v. below, B. 1.): stipites demissi et ab infimo revincti,
id. ib. 7, 73, 3; cf. Sen. Q. N. 3, 30, 4; 6, 4, 1; so,ad infimum,
at the bottom, Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 3:collis passus circiter CC. infimus apertus,
at the bottom, id. ib. 2, 18, 2.—Trop., lowest, meanest, basest in quality or rank:B.infima faex populi,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6; cf.:condicio servorum,
id. Off. 1, 13:infimo loco natus,
id. Fl. 11:summos cum infimis pari jure retinebat,
id. Off. 2, 12:humilitas natalium,
Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 37:preces,
the most humble, Liv. 8, 2; 29, 30. — Hence, infĭmē, adv., only trop., at the bottom (late Lat.):quid summe est, quid infime,
Aug. Ep. 18, 2. —Form imus, a, um, the lowest, deepest, last ( = infimus; but when opp. to summus, to express a whole from end to end, imus is used; v. Suet. Aug. 79; Quint. 2, 13, 9; Liv. 24, 34, 9; Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 588).1.Lit.:A.ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:terra ima sede semper haeret,
id. Rep. 6, 18:fundo in imo,
at the very bottom, Verg. A. 6, 581: vox, the deepest bass (opp. vox summa, the treble), Hor. S. 1, 3, 7; Quint. 11, 3, 15:conviva,
that reclines at the bottom, Hor. S. 2, 8, 40; Mart. 6, 74:ad imam quercum,
at the foot of the oak, Phaedr. 2, 4, 3:in aure ima,
at the bottom of the ear, Plin. 11, 45, 103, § 205. — As substt.Plur.: īmi, ōrum, m., the lowest, most humble:B.aequalis ad maximos imosque pervenit clementiae tuae admiratio,
Sen. Clem. 1, 1, 9:pacis et armorum superis imisque deorum Arbiter,
Ov. F. 5, 665. —īmum, i, n., the bottom, depth, low [p. 945] est part. Lit.:2.ab imo ad summum,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 308:locus erat paulatim ab imo acclivis,
Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 1 (for which, ab infimo; v. above, A. 1.); so,tigna paulum ab imo praeacuta,
id. ib. 4, 17:suspirare ab imo,
to fetch a deep sigh, Ov. A. A. 3, 675:(aures) instabiles imo facit,
at the bottom. at their roots, id. M. 11, 177:aquae perspicuae imo,
down to the bottom, id. ib. 5, 588. — Plur.:ima summis mutare,
to turn the lowest into the highest, Hor. C. 1, 34, 12; Vell. 2, 2:ima,
the under world, Ov. M. 10, 47.—With gen.:ima maris,
the bottom of the sea, Plin. 32, 6, 21, § 64:ima montis,
the foot of a mountain, id. 4, 11, 18, § 40.—Trop., with respect to time or order, the last (mostly poet.):mensis,
Ov. F. 2, 52.—Hence, subst.: īmum, i, n., the last, the end:nihil nostrā intersit an ab summo an ab imo nomina dicere incipiamus,
Auct. Her. 3, 18, 30:si quid inexpertum scaenae committis... servetur ad imum,
till the last, to the end, Hor. A. P. 126:dormiet in lucem... ad imum Threx erit,
at last, id. Ep. 1, 18, 35. -
3 inferiores
infĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. infer:I.ubi super inferque vicinus permittet,
Cato, R. R. 149), adj. [cf. Sanscr. adh-aras, adh-amas, the lower, lowest; and Lat. infra], that is below, underneath, lower; opp. superus.Posit.A.In gen.: inferus an superus tibi fert Deus funera, Liv. Andr. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.; cf.:B.Di Deaeque superi atque inferi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36; Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6; cf.also: ut ex tam alto dignitatis gradu ad superos videantur deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:loca,
the lower parts, id. Arat. 474:fulmina,
that come out of the ground, Plin. 2, 52, 53, § 138: aqua, that falls down, rain-water, Varr. ap. Non. 1, 221: mare inferum, the Lower, i. e. the Tuscan Sea (opp. mare superum, the Upper or Adriatic Sea), Mel. 2, 4; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 75; Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1; id. de Or. 3, 19 et saep. also without mare:navigatio infero,
upon the Tuscan Sea, id. Att. 9, 5, 1.—In partic., underground, belonging to the Lower World: infĕri, ōrum, m. ( gen. inferūm for inferorum, Varr. ap. Macr. S. 1, 16; Sen. de Ira, 2, 35), the inhabitants of the infernal regions, the dead:II. A.triceps apud inferos Cerberus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:si ab inferis exsistat rex Hiero,
were to rise from the dead, Liv. 26, 32:si salvi esse velint, Sulla sit iis ab inferis excitandus,
to be raised from the dead, Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 20:inferorum animas elicere,
id. Vatin. 6, 14:ad inferos poenas parricidii luere,
in the infernal regions, id. Phil. 14, 12, 32:ab inferis excitare aliquem,
i. e. to quote the words of one deceased, id. Or. 25, 85; id. Brut. 93, 322.Lit.:B.spatium,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46, 3:locus,
id. ib. 2, 25:pars,
id. ib. 7, 35: ex inferiore loco dicere, from below (opp. ex superiore loco, from the tribunal), Cic. Att. 2, 24, 3; cf.superus, II. A.: onerosa suo pondere in inferius feruntur,
downwards, Ov. M. 15, 241:scriptura,
Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117.— Plur. subst.: infĕrĭōres, um, m., the people of the lower part of the city, Auct. B. Alex. 6, 3. —Trop.1.Subsequent, later, latter, in time or succession:2.erant inferiores quam illorum aetas, qui, etc.,
lived later, were younger, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 2; cf.:aetate inferiores paulo quam Iulius, etc.,
id. Brut. 49, 182; and:inferioris aetatis esse,
id. ib. 64, 228:inferiores quinque dies,
the latter, Varr. L. L. 6, § 13 Müll. —Inferior in quality, rank, or number.(α).With abl. specif.:(β).voluptatibus erant inferiores, nec pecuniis ferme superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34:inferior fortunā,
id. Fam. 13, 5, 2:dignitate, auctoritate, existimatione, gratia non inferior, quam qui umquam fuerunt amplissimi,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 6:inferiores animo,
Caes. B. G. 3, 24:quemadmodum causa inferior, dicendo fieri superior posset,
Cic. Brut. 8:erat multo inferior navium numero Brutus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 57. — With abl.:ut humanos casus virtute inferiores putes,
Cic. Lael. 2.—With in and abl.:(γ).in jure civili non inferior, quam magister fuit,
Cic. Brut. 48, 179.—Absol.:III. A.inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. §71: invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209; cf.:indignum est, a pari vinci aut superiore, indignius ab inferiore atque humiliore,
id. Quint. 31:supplices inferioresque,
id. Font. 11:ordines,
Caes. B. C. 1, 46:crudelis in inferiores,
Auct. Her. 4, 40:non inferiora secutus,
naught inferior, Verg. A. 6, 170.Form infimus (infumus), a, um, lowest, last (= imus;1.but where the lowest of several objects is referred to, infimus is used,
Cic. N. D. 1, 37, 103; 2, 6, 17; v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 588).Lit.:2.stabiliendi causa singuli ab infimo solo pedes terra exculcabantur,
Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 7:ab infimis radicibus montis,
id. B. C. 1, 41, 3; 1, 42, 2:cum scripsissem haec infima,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6:ab infima ara,
from the lowest part of the altar, id. Div. 1, 33; cf.:sub infimo colle,
the foot, Caes. B. G. 7, 79. — Subst.: infĭmum, i, n., the lowest part, bottom, in the phrase:ab infimo,
from below, at the bottom, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 140:collis erat leniter ab infimo acclivis,
Caes. B. G. 7, 19, 1 (for which, ab imo;v. below, B. 1.): stipites demissi et ab infimo revincti,
id. ib. 7, 73, 3; cf. Sen. Q. N. 3, 30, 4; 6, 4, 1; so,ad infimum,
at the bottom, Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 3:collis passus circiter CC. infimus apertus,
at the bottom, id. ib. 2, 18, 2.—Trop., lowest, meanest, basest in quality or rank:B.infima faex populi,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6; cf.:condicio servorum,
id. Off. 1, 13:infimo loco natus,
id. Fl. 11:summos cum infimis pari jure retinebat,
id. Off. 2, 12:humilitas natalium,
Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 37:preces,
the most humble, Liv. 8, 2; 29, 30. — Hence, infĭmē, adv., only trop., at the bottom (late Lat.):quid summe est, quid infime,
Aug. Ep. 18, 2. —Form imus, a, um, the lowest, deepest, last ( = infimus; but when opp. to summus, to express a whole from end to end, imus is used; v. Suet. Aug. 79; Quint. 2, 13, 9; Liv. 24, 34, 9; Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 588).1.Lit.:A.ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:terra ima sede semper haeret,
id. Rep. 6, 18:fundo in imo,
at the very bottom, Verg. A. 6, 581: vox, the deepest bass (opp. vox summa, the treble), Hor. S. 1, 3, 7; Quint. 11, 3, 15:conviva,
that reclines at the bottom, Hor. S. 2, 8, 40; Mart. 6, 74:ad imam quercum,
at the foot of the oak, Phaedr. 2, 4, 3:in aure ima,
at the bottom of the ear, Plin. 11, 45, 103, § 205. — As substt.Plur.: īmi, ōrum, m., the lowest, most humble:B.aequalis ad maximos imosque pervenit clementiae tuae admiratio,
Sen. Clem. 1, 1, 9:pacis et armorum superis imisque deorum Arbiter,
Ov. F. 5, 665. —īmum, i, n., the bottom, depth, low [p. 945] est part. Lit.:2.ab imo ad summum,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 308:locus erat paulatim ab imo acclivis,
Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 1 (for which, ab infimo; v. above, A. 1.); so,tigna paulum ab imo praeacuta,
id. ib. 4, 17:suspirare ab imo,
to fetch a deep sigh, Ov. A. A. 3, 675:(aures) instabiles imo facit,
at the bottom. at their roots, id. M. 11, 177:aquae perspicuae imo,
down to the bottom, id. ib. 5, 588. — Plur.:ima summis mutare,
to turn the lowest into the highest, Hor. C. 1, 34, 12; Vell. 2, 2:ima,
the under world, Ov. M. 10, 47.—With gen.:ima maris,
the bottom of the sea, Plin. 32, 6, 21, § 64:ima montis,
the foot of a mountain, id. 4, 11, 18, § 40.—Trop., with respect to time or order, the last (mostly poet.):mensis,
Ov. F. 2, 52.—Hence, subst.: īmum, i, n., the last, the end:nihil nostrā intersit an ab summo an ab imo nomina dicere incipiamus,
Auct. Her. 3, 18, 30:si quid inexpertum scaenae committis... servetur ad imum,
till the last, to the end, Hor. A. P. 126:dormiet in lucem... ad imum Threx erit,
at last, id. Ep. 1, 18, 35. -
4 inferus
infĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. infer:I.ubi super inferque vicinus permittet,
Cato, R. R. 149), adj. [cf. Sanscr. adh-aras, adh-amas, the lower, lowest; and Lat. infra], that is below, underneath, lower; opp. superus.Posit.A.In gen.: inferus an superus tibi fert Deus funera, Liv. Andr. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.; cf.:B.Di Deaeque superi atque inferi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36; Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6; cf.also: ut ex tam alto dignitatis gradu ad superos videantur deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:loca,
the lower parts, id. Arat. 474:fulmina,
that come out of the ground, Plin. 2, 52, 53, § 138: aqua, that falls down, rain-water, Varr. ap. Non. 1, 221: mare inferum, the Lower, i. e. the Tuscan Sea (opp. mare superum, the Upper or Adriatic Sea), Mel. 2, 4; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 75; Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1; id. de Or. 3, 19 et saep. also without mare:navigatio infero,
upon the Tuscan Sea, id. Att. 9, 5, 1.—In partic., underground, belonging to the Lower World: infĕri, ōrum, m. ( gen. inferūm for inferorum, Varr. ap. Macr. S. 1, 16; Sen. de Ira, 2, 35), the inhabitants of the infernal regions, the dead:II. A.triceps apud inferos Cerberus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:si ab inferis exsistat rex Hiero,
were to rise from the dead, Liv. 26, 32:si salvi esse velint, Sulla sit iis ab inferis excitandus,
to be raised from the dead, Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 20:inferorum animas elicere,
id. Vatin. 6, 14:ad inferos poenas parricidii luere,
in the infernal regions, id. Phil. 14, 12, 32:ab inferis excitare aliquem,
i. e. to quote the words of one deceased, id. Or. 25, 85; id. Brut. 93, 322.Lit.:B.spatium,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46, 3:locus,
id. ib. 2, 25:pars,
id. ib. 7, 35: ex inferiore loco dicere, from below (opp. ex superiore loco, from the tribunal), Cic. Att. 2, 24, 3; cf.superus, II. A.: onerosa suo pondere in inferius feruntur,
downwards, Ov. M. 15, 241:scriptura,
Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117.— Plur. subst.: infĕrĭōres, um, m., the people of the lower part of the city, Auct. B. Alex. 6, 3. —Trop.1.Subsequent, later, latter, in time or succession:2.erant inferiores quam illorum aetas, qui, etc.,
lived later, were younger, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 2; cf.:aetate inferiores paulo quam Iulius, etc.,
id. Brut. 49, 182; and:inferioris aetatis esse,
id. ib. 64, 228:inferiores quinque dies,
the latter, Varr. L. L. 6, § 13 Müll. —Inferior in quality, rank, or number.(α).With abl. specif.:(β).voluptatibus erant inferiores, nec pecuniis ferme superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34:inferior fortunā,
id. Fam. 13, 5, 2:dignitate, auctoritate, existimatione, gratia non inferior, quam qui umquam fuerunt amplissimi,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 6:inferiores animo,
Caes. B. G. 3, 24:quemadmodum causa inferior, dicendo fieri superior posset,
Cic. Brut. 8:erat multo inferior navium numero Brutus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 57. — With abl.:ut humanos casus virtute inferiores putes,
Cic. Lael. 2.—With in and abl.:(γ).in jure civili non inferior, quam magister fuit,
Cic. Brut. 48, 179.—Absol.:III. A.inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. §71: invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209; cf.:indignum est, a pari vinci aut superiore, indignius ab inferiore atque humiliore,
id. Quint. 31:supplices inferioresque,
id. Font. 11:ordines,
Caes. B. C. 1, 46:crudelis in inferiores,
Auct. Her. 4, 40:non inferiora secutus,
naught inferior, Verg. A. 6, 170.Form infimus (infumus), a, um, lowest, last (= imus;1.but where the lowest of several objects is referred to, infimus is used,
Cic. N. D. 1, 37, 103; 2, 6, 17; v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 588).Lit.:2.stabiliendi causa singuli ab infimo solo pedes terra exculcabantur,
Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 7:ab infimis radicibus montis,
id. B. C. 1, 41, 3; 1, 42, 2:cum scripsissem haec infima,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6:ab infima ara,
from the lowest part of the altar, id. Div. 1, 33; cf.:sub infimo colle,
the foot, Caes. B. G. 7, 79. — Subst.: infĭmum, i, n., the lowest part, bottom, in the phrase:ab infimo,
from below, at the bottom, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 140:collis erat leniter ab infimo acclivis,
Caes. B. G. 7, 19, 1 (for which, ab imo;v. below, B. 1.): stipites demissi et ab infimo revincti,
id. ib. 7, 73, 3; cf. Sen. Q. N. 3, 30, 4; 6, 4, 1; so,ad infimum,
at the bottom, Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 3:collis passus circiter CC. infimus apertus,
at the bottom, id. ib. 2, 18, 2.—Trop., lowest, meanest, basest in quality or rank:B.infima faex populi,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6; cf.:condicio servorum,
id. Off. 1, 13:infimo loco natus,
id. Fl. 11:summos cum infimis pari jure retinebat,
id. Off. 2, 12:humilitas natalium,
Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 37:preces,
the most humble, Liv. 8, 2; 29, 30. — Hence, infĭmē, adv., only trop., at the bottom (late Lat.):quid summe est, quid infime,
Aug. Ep. 18, 2. —Form imus, a, um, the lowest, deepest, last ( = infimus; but when opp. to summus, to express a whole from end to end, imus is used; v. Suet. Aug. 79; Quint. 2, 13, 9; Liv. 24, 34, 9; Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 588).1.Lit.:A.ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:terra ima sede semper haeret,
id. Rep. 6, 18:fundo in imo,
at the very bottom, Verg. A. 6, 581: vox, the deepest bass (opp. vox summa, the treble), Hor. S. 1, 3, 7; Quint. 11, 3, 15:conviva,
that reclines at the bottom, Hor. S. 2, 8, 40; Mart. 6, 74:ad imam quercum,
at the foot of the oak, Phaedr. 2, 4, 3:in aure ima,
at the bottom of the ear, Plin. 11, 45, 103, § 205. — As substt.Plur.: īmi, ōrum, m., the lowest, most humble:B.aequalis ad maximos imosque pervenit clementiae tuae admiratio,
Sen. Clem. 1, 1, 9:pacis et armorum superis imisque deorum Arbiter,
Ov. F. 5, 665. —īmum, i, n., the bottom, depth, low [p. 945] est part. Lit.:2.ab imo ad summum,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 308:locus erat paulatim ab imo acclivis,
Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 1 (for which, ab infimo; v. above, A. 1.); so,tigna paulum ab imo praeacuta,
id. ib. 4, 17:suspirare ab imo,
to fetch a deep sigh, Ov. A. A. 3, 675:(aures) instabiles imo facit,
at the bottom. at their roots, id. M. 11, 177:aquae perspicuae imo,
down to the bottom, id. ib. 5, 588. — Plur.:ima summis mutare,
to turn the lowest into the highest, Hor. C. 1, 34, 12; Vell. 2, 2:ima,
the under world, Ov. M. 10, 47.—With gen.:ima maris,
the bottom of the sea, Plin. 32, 6, 21, § 64:ima montis,
the foot of a mountain, id. 4, 11, 18, § 40.—Trop., with respect to time or order, the last (mostly poet.):mensis,
Ov. F. 2, 52.—Hence, subst.: īmum, i, n., the last, the end:nihil nostrā intersit an ab summo an ab imo nomina dicere incipiamus,
Auct. Her. 3, 18, 30:si quid inexpertum scaenae committis... servetur ad imum,
till the last, to the end, Hor. A. P. 126:dormiet in lucem... ad imum Threx erit,
at last, id. Ep. 1, 18, 35. -
5 infime
infĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. infer:I.ubi super inferque vicinus permittet,
Cato, R. R. 149), adj. [cf. Sanscr. adh-aras, adh-amas, the lower, lowest; and Lat. infra], that is below, underneath, lower; opp. superus.Posit.A.In gen.: inferus an superus tibi fert Deus funera, Liv. Andr. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.; cf.:B.Di Deaeque superi atque inferi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36; Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6; cf.also: ut ex tam alto dignitatis gradu ad superos videantur deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:loca,
the lower parts, id. Arat. 474:fulmina,
that come out of the ground, Plin. 2, 52, 53, § 138: aqua, that falls down, rain-water, Varr. ap. Non. 1, 221: mare inferum, the Lower, i. e. the Tuscan Sea (opp. mare superum, the Upper or Adriatic Sea), Mel. 2, 4; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 75; Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1; id. de Or. 3, 19 et saep. also without mare:navigatio infero,
upon the Tuscan Sea, id. Att. 9, 5, 1.—In partic., underground, belonging to the Lower World: infĕri, ōrum, m. ( gen. inferūm for inferorum, Varr. ap. Macr. S. 1, 16; Sen. de Ira, 2, 35), the inhabitants of the infernal regions, the dead:II. A.triceps apud inferos Cerberus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:si ab inferis exsistat rex Hiero,
were to rise from the dead, Liv. 26, 32:si salvi esse velint, Sulla sit iis ab inferis excitandus,
to be raised from the dead, Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 20:inferorum animas elicere,
id. Vatin. 6, 14:ad inferos poenas parricidii luere,
in the infernal regions, id. Phil. 14, 12, 32:ab inferis excitare aliquem,
i. e. to quote the words of one deceased, id. Or. 25, 85; id. Brut. 93, 322.Lit.:B.spatium,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46, 3:locus,
id. ib. 2, 25:pars,
id. ib. 7, 35: ex inferiore loco dicere, from below (opp. ex superiore loco, from the tribunal), Cic. Att. 2, 24, 3; cf.superus, II. A.: onerosa suo pondere in inferius feruntur,
downwards, Ov. M. 15, 241:scriptura,
Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117.— Plur. subst.: infĕrĭōres, um, m., the people of the lower part of the city, Auct. B. Alex. 6, 3. —Trop.1.Subsequent, later, latter, in time or succession:2.erant inferiores quam illorum aetas, qui, etc.,
lived later, were younger, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 2; cf.:aetate inferiores paulo quam Iulius, etc.,
id. Brut. 49, 182; and:inferioris aetatis esse,
id. ib. 64, 228:inferiores quinque dies,
the latter, Varr. L. L. 6, § 13 Müll. —Inferior in quality, rank, or number.(α).With abl. specif.:(β).voluptatibus erant inferiores, nec pecuniis ferme superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34:inferior fortunā,
id. Fam. 13, 5, 2:dignitate, auctoritate, existimatione, gratia non inferior, quam qui umquam fuerunt amplissimi,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 6:inferiores animo,
Caes. B. G. 3, 24:quemadmodum causa inferior, dicendo fieri superior posset,
Cic. Brut. 8:erat multo inferior navium numero Brutus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 57. — With abl.:ut humanos casus virtute inferiores putes,
Cic. Lael. 2.—With in and abl.:(γ).in jure civili non inferior, quam magister fuit,
Cic. Brut. 48, 179.—Absol.:III. A.inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. §71: invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209; cf.:indignum est, a pari vinci aut superiore, indignius ab inferiore atque humiliore,
id. Quint. 31:supplices inferioresque,
id. Font. 11:ordines,
Caes. B. C. 1, 46:crudelis in inferiores,
Auct. Her. 4, 40:non inferiora secutus,
naught inferior, Verg. A. 6, 170.Form infimus (infumus), a, um, lowest, last (= imus;1.but where the lowest of several objects is referred to, infimus is used,
Cic. N. D. 1, 37, 103; 2, 6, 17; v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 588).Lit.:2.stabiliendi causa singuli ab infimo solo pedes terra exculcabantur,
Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 7:ab infimis radicibus montis,
id. B. C. 1, 41, 3; 1, 42, 2:cum scripsissem haec infima,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6:ab infima ara,
from the lowest part of the altar, id. Div. 1, 33; cf.:sub infimo colle,
the foot, Caes. B. G. 7, 79. — Subst.: infĭmum, i, n., the lowest part, bottom, in the phrase:ab infimo,
from below, at the bottom, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 140:collis erat leniter ab infimo acclivis,
Caes. B. G. 7, 19, 1 (for which, ab imo;v. below, B. 1.): stipites demissi et ab infimo revincti,
id. ib. 7, 73, 3; cf. Sen. Q. N. 3, 30, 4; 6, 4, 1; so,ad infimum,
at the bottom, Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 3:collis passus circiter CC. infimus apertus,
at the bottom, id. ib. 2, 18, 2.—Trop., lowest, meanest, basest in quality or rank:B.infima faex populi,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6; cf.:condicio servorum,
id. Off. 1, 13:infimo loco natus,
id. Fl. 11:summos cum infimis pari jure retinebat,
id. Off. 2, 12:humilitas natalium,
Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 37:preces,
the most humble, Liv. 8, 2; 29, 30. — Hence, infĭmē, adv., only trop., at the bottom (late Lat.):quid summe est, quid infime,
Aug. Ep. 18, 2. —Form imus, a, um, the lowest, deepest, last ( = infimus; but when opp. to summus, to express a whole from end to end, imus is used; v. Suet. Aug. 79; Quint. 2, 13, 9; Liv. 24, 34, 9; Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 588).1.Lit.:A.ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:terra ima sede semper haeret,
id. Rep. 6, 18:fundo in imo,
at the very bottom, Verg. A. 6, 581: vox, the deepest bass (opp. vox summa, the treble), Hor. S. 1, 3, 7; Quint. 11, 3, 15:conviva,
that reclines at the bottom, Hor. S. 2, 8, 40; Mart. 6, 74:ad imam quercum,
at the foot of the oak, Phaedr. 2, 4, 3:in aure ima,
at the bottom of the ear, Plin. 11, 45, 103, § 205. — As substt.Plur.: īmi, ōrum, m., the lowest, most humble:B.aequalis ad maximos imosque pervenit clementiae tuae admiratio,
Sen. Clem. 1, 1, 9:pacis et armorum superis imisque deorum Arbiter,
Ov. F. 5, 665. —īmum, i, n., the bottom, depth, low [p. 945] est part. Lit.:2.ab imo ad summum,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 308:locus erat paulatim ab imo acclivis,
Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 1 (for which, ab infimo; v. above, A. 1.); so,tigna paulum ab imo praeacuta,
id. ib. 4, 17:suspirare ab imo,
to fetch a deep sigh, Ov. A. A. 3, 675:(aures) instabiles imo facit,
at the bottom. at their roots, id. M. 11, 177:aquae perspicuae imo,
down to the bottom, id. ib. 5, 588. — Plur.:ima summis mutare,
to turn the lowest into the highest, Hor. C. 1, 34, 12; Vell. 2, 2:ima,
the under world, Ov. M. 10, 47.—With gen.:ima maris,
the bottom of the sea, Plin. 32, 6, 21, § 64:ima montis,
the foot of a mountain, id. 4, 11, 18, § 40.—Trop., with respect to time or order, the last (mostly poet.):mensis,
Ov. F. 2, 52.—Hence, subst.: īmum, i, n., the last, the end:nihil nostrā intersit an ab summo an ab imo nomina dicere incipiamus,
Auct. Her. 3, 18, 30:si quid inexpertum scaenae committis... servetur ad imum,
till the last, to the end, Hor. A. P. 126:dormiet in lucem... ad imum Threx erit,
at last, id. Ep. 1, 18, 35. -
6 infimum
infĕrus, a, um (ante-class. collat. form of the nom. sing. infer:I.ubi super inferque vicinus permittet,
Cato, R. R. 149), adj. [cf. Sanscr. adh-aras, adh-amas, the lower, lowest; and Lat. infra], that is below, underneath, lower; opp. superus.Posit.A.In gen.: inferus an superus tibi fert Deus funera, Liv. Andr. ap. Prisc. p. 606 P.; cf.:B.Di Deaeque superi atque inferi,
Plaut. Cist. 2, 1, 36; Ter. Phorm. 4, 4, 6; cf.also: ut ex tam alto dignitatis gradu ad superos videantur deos potius quam ad inferos pervenisse,
Cic. Lael. 3, 12:limen superum inferumque salve,
Plaut. Merc. 5, 1, 1:ut omnia supera, infera, prima, ultima, media videremus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 64:loca,
the lower parts, id. Arat. 474:fulmina,
that come out of the ground, Plin. 2, 52, 53, § 138: aqua, that falls down, rain-water, Varr. ap. Non. 1, 221: mare inferum, the Lower, i. e. the Tuscan Sea (opp. mare superum, the Upper or Adriatic Sea), Mel. 2, 4; Plin. 3, 5, 10, § 75; Cic. Att. 9, 3, 1; id. de Or. 3, 19 et saep. also without mare:navigatio infero,
upon the Tuscan Sea, id. Att. 9, 5, 1.—In partic., underground, belonging to the Lower World: infĕri, ōrum, m. ( gen. inferūm for inferorum, Varr. ap. Macr. S. 1, 16; Sen. de Ira, 2, 35), the inhabitants of the infernal regions, the dead:II. A.triceps apud inferos Cerberus,
Cic. Tusc. 1, 5, 10:si ab inferis exsistat rex Hiero,
were to rise from the dead, Liv. 26, 32:si salvi esse velint, Sulla sit iis ab inferis excitandus,
to be raised from the dead, Cic. Cat. 2, 9, 20:inferorum animas elicere,
id. Vatin. 6, 14:ad inferos poenas parricidii luere,
in the infernal regions, id. Phil. 14, 12, 32:ab inferis excitare aliquem,
i. e. to quote the words of one deceased, id. Or. 25, 85; id. Brut. 93, 322.Lit.:B.spatium,
Caes. B. G. 7, 46, 3:locus,
id. ib. 2, 25:pars,
id. ib. 7, 35: ex inferiore loco dicere, from below (opp. ex superiore loco, from the tribunal), Cic. Att. 2, 24, 3; cf.superus, II. A.: onerosa suo pondere in inferius feruntur,
downwards, Ov. M. 15, 241:scriptura,
Cic. Inv. 2, 40, 117.— Plur. subst.: infĕrĭōres, um, m., the people of the lower part of the city, Auct. B. Alex. 6, 3. —Trop.1.Subsequent, later, latter, in time or succession:2.erant inferiores quam illorum aetas, qui, etc.,
lived later, were younger, Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 5, 2; cf.:aetate inferiores paulo quam Iulius, etc.,
id. Brut. 49, 182; and:inferioris aetatis esse,
id. ib. 64, 228:inferiores quinque dies,
the latter, Varr. L. L. 6, § 13 Müll. —Inferior in quality, rank, or number.(α).With abl. specif.:(β).voluptatibus erant inferiores, nec pecuniis ferme superiores,
Cic. Rep. 2, 34:inferior fortunā,
id. Fam. 13, 5, 2:dignitate, auctoritate, existimatione, gratia non inferior, quam qui umquam fuerunt amplissimi,
id. Q. Fr. 1, 3, 6:inferiores animo,
Caes. B. G. 3, 24:quemadmodum causa inferior, dicendo fieri superior posset,
Cic. Brut. 8:erat multo inferior navium numero Brutus,
Caes. B. C. 1, 57. — With abl.:ut humanos casus virtute inferiores putes,
Cic. Lael. 2.—With in and abl.:(γ).in jure civili non inferior, quam magister fuit,
Cic. Brut. 48, 179.—Absol.:III. A.inferiores extollere,
Cic. Lael. 20, 72; cf. id. ib. §71: invident homines maxime paribus aut inferioribus,
id. de Or. 2, 52, 209; cf.:indignum est, a pari vinci aut superiore, indignius ab inferiore atque humiliore,
id. Quint. 31:supplices inferioresque,
id. Font. 11:ordines,
Caes. B. C. 1, 46:crudelis in inferiores,
Auct. Her. 4, 40:non inferiora secutus,
naught inferior, Verg. A. 6, 170.Form infimus (infumus), a, um, lowest, last (= imus;1.but where the lowest of several objects is referred to, infimus is used,
Cic. N. D. 1, 37, 103; 2, 6, 17; v. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 588).Lit.:2.stabiliendi causa singuli ab infimo solo pedes terra exculcabantur,
Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 7:ab infimis radicibus montis,
id. B. C. 1, 41, 3; 1, 42, 2:cum scripsissem haec infima,
Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 1, 6:ab infima ara,
from the lowest part of the altar, id. Div. 1, 33; cf.:sub infimo colle,
the foot, Caes. B. G. 7, 79. — Subst.: infĭmum, i, n., the lowest part, bottom, in the phrase:ab infimo,
from below, at the bottom, Plaut. Most. 3, 2, 140:collis erat leniter ab infimo acclivis,
Caes. B. G. 7, 19, 1 (for which, ab imo;v. below, B. 1.): stipites demissi et ab infimo revincti,
id. ib. 7, 73, 3; cf. Sen. Q. N. 3, 30, 4; 6, 4, 1; so,ad infimum,
at the bottom, Caes. B. G. 7, 73, 3:collis passus circiter CC. infimus apertus,
at the bottom, id. ib. 2, 18, 2.—Trop., lowest, meanest, basest in quality or rank:B.infima faex populi,
Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 6; cf.:condicio servorum,
id. Off. 1, 13:infimo loco natus,
id. Fl. 11:summos cum infimis pari jure retinebat,
id. Off. 2, 12:humilitas natalium,
Plin. 18, 6, 7, § 37:preces,
the most humble, Liv. 8, 2; 29, 30. — Hence, infĭmē, adv., only trop., at the bottom (late Lat.):quid summe est, quid infime,
Aug. Ep. 18, 2. —Form imus, a, um, the lowest, deepest, last ( = infimus; but when opp. to summus, to express a whole from end to end, imus is used; v. Suet. Aug. 79; Quint. 2, 13, 9; Liv. 24, 34, 9; Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20; Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 54; cf. Krebs, Antibarb. p. 588).1.Lit.:A.ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum,
Cic. Rosc. Com. 7, 20:terra ima sede semper haeret,
id. Rep. 6, 18:fundo in imo,
at the very bottom, Verg. A. 6, 581: vox, the deepest bass (opp. vox summa, the treble), Hor. S. 1, 3, 7; Quint. 11, 3, 15:conviva,
that reclines at the bottom, Hor. S. 2, 8, 40; Mart. 6, 74:ad imam quercum,
at the foot of the oak, Phaedr. 2, 4, 3:in aure ima,
at the bottom of the ear, Plin. 11, 45, 103, § 205. — As substt.Plur.: īmi, ōrum, m., the lowest, most humble:B.aequalis ad maximos imosque pervenit clementiae tuae admiratio,
Sen. Clem. 1, 1, 9:pacis et armorum superis imisque deorum Arbiter,
Ov. F. 5, 665. —īmum, i, n., the bottom, depth, low [p. 945] est part. Lit.:2.ab imo ad summum,
Hor. S. 2, 3, 308:locus erat paulatim ab imo acclivis,
Caes. B. G. 3, 19, 1 (for which, ab infimo; v. above, A. 1.); so,tigna paulum ab imo praeacuta,
id. ib. 4, 17:suspirare ab imo,
to fetch a deep sigh, Ov. A. A. 3, 675:(aures) instabiles imo facit,
at the bottom. at their roots, id. M. 11, 177:aquae perspicuae imo,
down to the bottom, id. ib. 5, 588. — Plur.:ima summis mutare,
to turn the lowest into the highest, Hor. C. 1, 34, 12; Vell. 2, 2:ima,
the under world, Ov. M. 10, 47.—With gen.:ima maris,
the bottom of the sea, Plin. 32, 6, 21, § 64:ima montis,
the foot of a mountain, id. 4, 11, 18, § 40.—Trop., with respect to time or order, the last (mostly poet.):mensis,
Ov. F. 2, 52.—Hence, subst.: īmum, i, n., the last, the end:nihil nostrā intersit an ab summo an ab imo nomina dicere incipiamus,
Auct. Her. 3, 18, 30:si quid inexpertum scaenae committis... servetur ad imum,
till the last, to the end, Hor. A. P. 126:dormiet in lucem... ad imum Threx erit,
at last, id. Ep. 1, 18, 35. -
7 īnfimus or īnfumus
īnfimus or īnfumus adj. sup. [cf. inferus], lowest, last (cf. īmus, but of the lowest of several objects, infimus is used): radices montis, Cs.: cum scripsissem haec infima: arā, lowest part: sub infimo colle, foot, Cs.: collis passūs circiter CC infimus apertus, at the bottom, Cs.—As subst n., the lowest part, bottom: collis leniter ab infimo acclivis, at the foot, Cs.: ad infimum, at the bottom, Cs.—Fig., lowest, meanest, basest: esse infra infumos Homines, T.: quisquam: faex populi: infimo loco natus: summos cum infimis pari iure retinebat: preces, most humble, L. -
8 īmus
īmus adj. sup. [contr. for infimus], the lowest, deepest, last: ab imis unguibus usque ad verticem summum: penetralia, O.: imā verrit vestigia caudā, tip, V.: fundo in imo, at the very bottom, V.: vox, the highest treble (opp. summa, the bass), H.: conviva, at the foot, H.: ad imam quercum, at the foot of the oak, Ph.: currūs, low wheels (of the plough-team), V.: deorum Gratus imis, of the lower world, H.—As subst n., the bottom, depth, lowest part: murus ab imo ad summum, L.: locus ab imo acclivis, Cs.: Ianus summus ab imo, from end to end, H.: vertere ab imo moenia, utterly, V.: (aurīs) instabiles imo facit, at the roots, O.: aquae perspicuae imo, to the bottom, O.: medio ne discrepet imum, the end, H.: Dormiet in lucem... ad imum Thraex erit, at last, H.: inter Ima pedis, clefts of the hoof, V.: ima summis Mutare, turn the lowest into the highest, H.: qui regit ima, the under world, O.—Fig., of time or rank, the last (poet.): mensis, O.: poëma, Si paulum summo decessit, vergit ad imum, from the sublime... to the ridiculous, H. -
9 prōlētārius
prōlētārius adj. [proles], relating to offspring ; hence, in the division of the people by Servius Tullius, affording to the state only children, having no estate, of the lowest class, proletary.* * *Iproletaria, proletarium ADJproletarian, of lowest class; common, vulgarII IIIcitizen of the lowest class (serving the state only by fathering children) -
10 ulter
ulter, tra, trum, adj. ( comp. ulterior, us; sup. ultimus) [cf.: uls, ollus, olim; and the advv. ultra, ultro], prop. that is beyond or on the other side. The posit. is not found, but the comp. and sup. are very freq.I.Comp.: ultĕrĭor, ĭus, farther, on the farther side, that is beyond, ulterior:B.quis est ulterior?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 10:quorum alter ulteriorem Galliam decernit cum Syriā, alter citeriorem,
i. e. transalpine, Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:Gallia,
id. Att. 8, 3, 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 7:portus,
id. ib. 4, 23:Hispania,
Suet. Caes. 7; 18; 56:pars urbis,
Liv. 34, 20, 5:ripa,
Verg. A. 6, 314; Vell. 2, 107, 1:ulterius medio spatium sol altus habebat,
Ov. M. 2, 417.—As subst.1.ul-tĕrĭōres, um, m. (sc. homines), the more remote, or more distant persons, those beyond:2.cum ab proximis impetrare non possent, ulteriores tentant,
Caes. B. G. 6, 2: recurritur ex proximis locis;ulteriores non inventi,
Liv. 3, 60, 7:proximi ripae neglegenter, ulteriores exquisitius,
Tac. G. 17.—ultĕrĭōra, um, n. (sc. loca or negotia).(α).Of places, the more remote parts or regions, the districts beyond:(β).Mosellae pons, qui ulteriora coloniae annectit,
Tac. H. 4, 77.—In gen., of things, that which is beyond, things beyond, farther, or in addition; things future:3.ulteriora mirari, praesentia sequi,
Tac. H. 4, 8:ut dum proxima dicimus, struere ulteriora possimus,
things beyond, what is to come, Quint. 10, 7, 8; cf.:pudor est ulteriora loqui,
Ov. F. 5, 532; id. A. A. 3, 769:semper et inventis ulteriora petit,
id. Am. 2, 9, 10.—Rarely sing.: ultĕrĭus, ōris, n., something more, any thing further:II.cujus (fero, tuli) praeteritum perfectum et ulterius non invenitur,
Quint. 1, 6, 26.—Sup.: ultĭmus, a, um, that is farthest beyond, i. e. the farthest, most distant, most remote, the uttermost, extreme, last; often to be rendered as a subst., the farthest or most distant part of any thing, etc. (opp. to citimus, while extremus is opp. to intimus).A.Lit., of space:2.illa minima (luna) quae ultima a caeio, citima terris luce lucebat alienā,
Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16:partes,
id. ib. 6, 20, 20:in ultimam provinciam se conjecit,
id. Att. 5, 16, 4:devehendum in ultimas maris terrarumque oras,
Liv. 21, 10, 12:orae,
Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 3; Hor. C. 3, 3, 45; Liv. 5, 37, 2:campi,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 95:Hesperia,
Hor. C. 1, 36, 4:Africa,
id. ib. 2, 18, 4:Geloni,
id. ib. 2, 20, 18:in plateā ultimā,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 28; id. Mil. 3, 1, 15:in ultimis aedibus,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 29:spelunca draconis,
Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:cauda,
i. e. the end of, Plin. 9, 5, 4, § 11:mors ultima linea rerum est,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 79.—Subst.(α).ultĭmi, ōrum, m. (sc. homines), the farthest or most remote people:(β).recessum primis ultimi non dabant,
Caes. B. G. 5, 43.—ultĭma, ōrum, n. (sc. negotia), the farthest or most remote things:(γ).praeponens ultima primis,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 59:ultima signant,
the goal, Verg. A. 5, 317.—Rarely sing.: ultĭmum, i, n., the last, the end:B.caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultimum mundi est,
Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91.—Transf.1.Of time or order of succession, the remotest, earliest, oldest, first; the last, latest, final:2.ultimi et proximi temporis recordatio,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:tam multis ab ultimā antiquitate repetitis,
id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:tempora,
id. Leg. 1, 3. 8:initium,
Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14:principium,
Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5:memoria pueritiae,
id. Arch. 1, 1:memoria saeculorum,
Just. 12, 16, 3:vetustas hominum,
id. 2, 1, 20:sanguinis auctor,
Verg. A. 7, 49:ultima quid referam?
Ov. H. 14, 109: scilicet ultima semper Exspectanda dies homini est, last, id.M. 3, 135:aetas est de ferro,
id. ib. 1, 127:vox,
id. ib. 3, 499:dicta,
id. ib. 9, 126:lapis,
i. e. a gravestone, Prop. 1, 17, 20: cerae, i. e. a last will, testament, Mart. 4, 70, 2:aetas,
Quint. 12, 4, 2:senectus,
id. 11, 1, 10:virtute pares, necessitate, quae ultimum ac maximum telum est, superiores estis,
Liv. 4, 28, 5:decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum senatus consultum,
Caes. B. C. 1, 5. —As subst.: ultĭma, ōrum, n.:perferto et ultima exspectato,
final events, the end, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 2:ultima vitae,
Calp. Ecl. 3, 91.—Rarely sing.:matrem ultimo aetatis affectam,
Aus. Vict. Or. Gent. Rom. 10.—Adverb.:si fidem ad ultimum fratri praestitisset,
to the last, Liv. 45, 19, 17; 3, 64, 8; 3, 64, 11; also (more freq.) at last, lastly, finally, = ad extremum, ad postremum, postremo:si qualis in cives, talis ad ultimum in liberos esset,
Liv. 1, 53, 10; 5, 10, 8; 3, 10, 3:ne se ad ultimum perditum irent,
id. 26, 27, 10; so,ultimo,
Suet. Ner. 32 fin.; Petr. 20, 139;and, ultimum,
for the last time, Liv. 1, 29, 3; Curt. 5, 12, 8; App. M. 2, p. 126.—Of degree or rank, and denoting the highest as well as the lowest extreme of either.a.The utmost, extreme, the highest, first, greatest, = summus, extremus:b.summum bonum, quod ultimum appello,
Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 30:ultimae perfectaeque naturae,
id. N. D. 2, 12, 33:ut absit ab ultimis vitiis ipse praeceptor ac schola,
Quint. 2, 2, 15:ultimae causae cur perirent, etc.,
Hor. C. 1, 16, 18:scelus,
Curt. 5, 12, 17:rex ad ultimum periculum venit,
id. 7, 6, 22:facinus,
id. 8, 8, 2; 6, 3, 13; 6, 9, 11:necessitas,
id. 9, 12, 6; Liv. 2, 43, 3; 3, 4, 9; Sen. Clem. 1, 12, 5:ad ultimam inopiam adducere,
Liv. 6, 3, 4; 37, 31, 2:ad ultimos casus servari,
id. 27, 10, 11:dedecus,
Curt. 9, 5, 11:exsecrationes,
Just. 24, 2, 8: ultimum supplicium, extreme (i. e. capital) punishment, Caes. B. C. 1, 84; so,poena,
Liv. 3, 58, 10; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 8:desperatio,
Tac. H. 2, 48; 2, 44; Curt. 10, 8, 9; Liv. 42, 66, 1; Sen. Contr. 4, 29, 2:discrimen ultimum vitae et regni,
Liv. 37, 53, 16; 23, 21, 2:ad ultimam perductus tristitiam,
Petr. 24.—Esp., as subst.: ultĭ-ma, ōrum, n.:omnia ultima pati,
every extremity, the worst, Liv. 37, 54, 2:ultima pati,
Ov. M. 14, 483; id. Tr. 3, 2, 11; Curt. 3, 1, 6:ultima audere,
Liv. 3, 2, 11:priusquam ultima experirentur,
id. 2, 28, 9.—Rarely sing.:paene in ultimum gladiorum erupit impunitas,
Vell. 2, 125, 2:ad ultimum inopiae adducere,
to the last degree. Liv. 23, 19, 2; 31, 38, 1:ad ultimum periculi pervenire,
Curt. 8, 1, 15.— Trop.:ut in pecude, nisi quae vis obstitit, videmus naturam suo quodam itinere ad ultimum pervenire,
Cic. N. D. 2, 13, 35.—Adverb.:ad ultimum pro fide morituri,
Curt. 3, 1, 7:consilium sceleratum, sed non ad ultimum demens,
in the extreme, utterly, to the last degree, Liv. 28, 28, 8.—The lowest, meanest (very rare):qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,
Vell. 1, 11, 1:principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35: ultima sit laudes inter ut illa tuas, Auct. Cons. ad Liv. 17:ultima pistoris illa uxor,
the worst, App. M. 9, p. 224, 26.— Subst.:ut vigiliis et labore cum ultimis militum certaret (consul),
Liv. 34, 18, 5:in ultimis laudum,
id. 30, 30, 4:in ultimis ponere,
the lowest, meanest things, Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 91. -
11 ulteriora
ulter, tra, trum, adj. ( comp. ulterior, us; sup. ultimus) [cf.: uls, ollus, olim; and the advv. ultra, ultro], prop. that is beyond or on the other side. The posit. is not found, but the comp. and sup. are very freq.I.Comp.: ultĕrĭor, ĭus, farther, on the farther side, that is beyond, ulterior:B.quis est ulterior?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 10:quorum alter ulteriorem Galliam decernit cum Syriā, alter citeriorem,
i. e. transalpine, Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:Gallia,
id. Att. 8, 3, 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 7:portus,
id. ib. 4, 23:Hispania,
Suet. Caes. 7; 18; 56:pars urbis,
Liv. 34, 20, 5:ripa,
Verg. A. 6, 314; Vell. 2, 107, 1:ulterius medio spatium sol altus habebat,
Ov. M. 2, 417.—As subst.1.ul-tĕrĭōres, um, m. (sc. homines), the more remote, or more distant persons, those beyond:2.cum ab proximis impetrare non possent, ulteriores tentant,
Caes. B. G. 6, 2: recurritur ex proximis locis;ulteriores non inventi,
Liv. 3, 60, 7:proximi ripae neglegenter, ulteriores exquisitius,
Tac. G. 17.—ultĕrĭōra, um, n. (sc. loca or negotia).(α).Of places, the more remote parts or regions, the districts beyond:(β).Mosellae pons, qui ulteriora coloniae annectit,
Tac. H. 4, 77.—In gen., of things, that which is beyond, things beyond, farther, or in addition; things future:3.ulteriora mirari, praesentia sequi,
Tac. H. 4, 8:ut dum proxima dicimus, struere ulteriora possimus,
things beyond, what is to come, Quint. 10, 7, 8; cf.:pudor est ulteriora loqui,
Ov. F. 5, 532; id. A. A. 3, 769:semper et inventis ulteriora petit,
id. Am. 2, 9, 10.—Rarely sing.: ultĕrĭus, ōris, n., something more, any thing further:II.cujus (fero, tuli) praeteritum perfectum et ulterius non invenitur,
Quint. 1, 6, 26.—Sup.: ultĭmus, a, um, that is farthest beyond, i. e. the farthest, most distant, most remote, the uttermost, extreme, last; often to be rendered as a subst., the farthest or most distant part of any thing, etc. (opp. to citimus, while extremus is opp. to intimus).A.Lit., of space:2.illa minima (luna) quae ultima a caeio, citima terris luce lucebat alienā,
Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16:partes,
id. ib. 6, 20, 20:in ultimam provinciam se conjecit,
id. Att. 5, 16, 4:devehendum in ultimas maris terrarumque oras,
Liv. 21, 10, 12:orae,
Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 3; Hor. C. 3, 3, 45; Liv. 5, 37, 2:campi,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 95:Hesperia,
Hor. C. 1, 36, 4:Africa,
id. ib. 2, 18, 4:Geloni,
id. ib. 2, 20, 18:in plateā ultimā,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 28; id. Mil. 3, 1, 15:in ultimis aedibus,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 29:spelunca draconis,
Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:cauda,
i. e. the end of, Plin. 9, 5, 4, § 11:mors ultima linea rerum est,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 79.—Subst.(α).ultĭmi, ōrum, m. (sc. homines), the farthest or most remote people:(β).recessum primis ultimi non dabant,
Caes. B. G. 5, 43.—ultĭma, ōrum, n. (sc. negotia), the farthest or most remote things:(γ).praeponens ultima primis,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 59:ultima signant,
the goal, Verg. A. 5, 317.—Rarely sing.: ultĭmum, i, n., the last, the end:B.caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultimum mundi est,
Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91.—Transf.1.Of time or order of succession, the remotest, earliest, oldest, first; the last, latest, final:2.ultimi et proximi temporis recordatio,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:tam multis ab ultimā antiquitate repetitis,
id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:tempora,
id. Leg. 1, 3. 8:initium,
Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14:principium,
Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5:memoria pueritiae,
id. Arch. 1, 1:memoria saeculorum,
Just. 12, 16, 3:vetustas hominum,
id. 2, 1, 20:sanguinis auctor,
Verg. A. 7, 49:ultima quid referam?
Ov. H. 14, 109: scilicet ultima semper Exspectanda dies homini est, last, id.M. 3, 135:aetas est de ferro,
id. ib. 1, 127:vox,
id. ib. 3, 499:dicta,
id. ib. 9, 126:lapis,
i. e. a gravestone, Prop. 1, 17, 20: cerae, i. e. a last will, testament, Mart. 4, 70, 2:aetas,
Quint. 12, 4, 2:senectus,
id. 11, 1, 10:virtute pares, necessitate, quae ultimum ac maximum telum est, superiores estis,
Liv. 4, 28, 5:decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum senatus consultum,
Caes. B. C. 1, 5. —As subst.: ultĭma, ōrum, n.:perferto et ultima exspectato,
final events, the end, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 2:ultima vitae,
Calp. Ecl. 3, 91.—Rarely sing.:matrem ultimo aetatis affectam,
Aus. Vict. Or. Gent. Rom. 10.—Adverb.:si fidem ad ultimum fratri praestitisset,
to the last, Liv. 45, 19, 17; 3, 64, 8; 3, 64, 11; also (more freq.) at last, lastly, finally, = ad extremum, ad postremum, postremo:si qualis in cives, talis ad ultimum in liberos esset,
Liv. 1, 53, 10; 5, 10, 8; 3, 10, 3:ne se ad ultimum perditum irent,
id. 26, 27, 10; so,ultimo,
Suet. Ner. 32 fin.; Petr. 20, 139;and, ultimum,
for the last time, Liv. 1, 29, 3; Curt. 5, 12, 8; App. M. 2, p. 126.—Of degree or rank, and denoting the highest as well as the lowest extreme of either.a.The utmost, extreme, the highest, first, greatest, = summus, extremus:b.summum bonum, quod ultimum appello,
Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 30:ultimae perfectaeque naturae,
id. N. D. 2, 12, 33:ut absit ab ultimis vitiis ipse praeceptor ac schola,
Quint. 2, 2, 15:ultimae causae cur perirent, etc.,
Hor. C. 1, 16, 18:scelus,
Curt. 5, 12, 17:rex ad ultimum periculum venit,
id. 7, 6, 22:facinus,
id. 8, 8, 2; 6, 3, 13; 6, 9, 11:necessitas,
id. 9, 12, 6; Liv. 2, 43, 3; 3, 4, 9; Sen. Clem. 1, 12, 5:ad ultimam inopiam adducere,
Liv. 6, 3, 4; 37, 31, 2:ad ultimos casus servari,
id. 27, 10, 11:dedecus,
Curt. 9, 5, 11:exsecrationes,
Just. 24, 2, 8: ultimum supplicium, extreme (i. e. capital) punishment, Caes. B. C. 1, 84; so,poena,
Liv. 3, 58, 10; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 8:desperatio,
Tac. H. 2, 48; 2, 44; Curt. 10, 8, 9; Liv. 42, 66, 1; Sen. Contr. 4, 29, 2:discrimen ultimum vitae et regni,
Liv. 37, 53, 16; 23, 21, 2:ad ultimam perductus tristitiam,
Petr. 24.—Esp., as subst.: ultĭ-ma, ōrum, n.:omnia ultima pati,
every extremity, the worst, Liv. 37, 54, 2:ultima pati,
Ov. M. 14, 483; id. Tr. 3, 2, 11; Curt. 3, 1, 6:ultima audere,
Liv. 3, 2, 11:priusquam ultima experirentur,
id. 2, 28, 9.—Rarely sing.:paene in ultimum gladiorum erupit impunitas,
Vell. 2, 125, 2:ad ultimum inopiae adducere,
to the last degree. Liv. 23, 19, 2; 31, 38, 1:ad ultimum periculi pervenire,
Curt. 8, 1, 15.— Trop.:ut in pecude, nisi quae vis obstitit, videmus naturam suo quodam itinere ad ultimum pervenire,
Cic. N. D. 2, 13, 35.—Adverb.:ad ultimum pro fide morituri,
Curt. 3, 1, 7:consilium sceleratum, sed non ad ultimum demens,
in the extreme, utterly, to the last degree, Liv. 28, 28, 8.—The lowest, meanest (very rare):qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,
Vell. 1, 11, 1:principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35: ultima sit laudes inter ut illa tuas, Auct. Cons. ad Liv. 17:ultima pistoris illa uxor,
the worst, App. M. 9, p. 224, 26.— Subst.:ut vigiliis et labore cum ultimis militum certaret (consul),
Liv. 34, 18, 5:in ultimis laudum,
id. 30, 30, 4:in ultimis ponere,
the lowest, meanest things, Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 91. -
12 ulteriores
ulter, tra, trum, adj. ( comp. ulterior, us; sup. ultimus) [cf.: uls, ollus, olim; and the advv. ultra, ultro], prop. that is beyond or on the other side. The posit. is not found, but the comp. and sup. are very freq.I.Comp.: ultĕrĭor, ĭus, farther, on the farther side, that is beyond, ulterior:B.quis est ulterior?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 10:quorum alter ulteriorem Galliam decernit cum Syriā, alter citeriorem,
i. e. transalpine, Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:Gallia,
id. Att. 8, 3, 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 7:portus,
id. ib. 4, 23:Hispania,
Suet. Caes. 7; 18; 56:pars urbis,
Liv. 34, 20, 5:ripa,
Verg. A. 6, 314; Vell. 2, 107, 1:ulterius medio spatium sol altus habebat,
Ov. M. 2, 417.—As subst.1.ul-tĕrĭōres, um, m. (sc. homines), the more remote, or more distant persons, those beyond:2.cum ab proximis impetrare non possent, ulteriores tentant,
Caes. B. G. 6, 2: recurritur ex proximis locis;ulteriores non inventi,
Liv. 3, 60, 7:proximi ripae neglegenter, ulteriores exquisitius,
Tac. G. 17.—ultĕrĭōra, um, n. (sc. loca or negotia).(α).Of places, the more remote parts or regions, the districts beyond:(β).Mosellae pons, qui ulteriora coloniae annectit,
Tac. H. 4, 77.—In gen., of things, that which is beyond, things beyond, farther, or in addition; things future:3.ulteriora mirari, praesentia sequi,
Tac. H. 4, 8:ut dum proxima dicimus, struere ulteriora possimus,
things beyond, what is to come, Quint. 10, 7, 8; cf.:pudor est ulteriora loqui,
Ov. F. 5, 532; id. A. A. 3, 769:semper et inventis ulteriora petit,
id. Am. 2, 9, 10.—Rarely sing.: ultĕrĭus, ōris, n., something more, any thing further:II.cujus (fero, tuli) praeteritum perfectum et ulterius non invenitur,
Quint. 1, 6, 26.—Sup.: ultĭmus, a, um, that is farthest beyond, i. e. the farthest, most distant, most remote, the uttermost, extreme, last; often to be rendered as a subst., the farthest or most distant part of any thing, etc. (opp. to citimus, while extremus is opp. to intimus).A.Lit., of space:2.illa minima (luna) quae ultima a caeio, citima terris luce lucebat alienā,
Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16:partes,
id. ib. 6, 20, 20:in ultimam provinciam se conjecit,
id. Att. 5, 16, 4:devehendum in ultimas maris terrarumque oras,
Liv. 21, 10, 12:orae,
Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 3; Hor. C. 3, 3, 45; Liv. 5, 37, 2:campi,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 95:Hesperia,
Hor. C. 1, 36, 4:Africa,
id. ib. 2, 18, 4:Geloni,
id. ib. 2, 20, 18:in plateā ultimā,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 28; id. Mil. 3, 1, 15:in ultimis aedibus,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 29:spelunca draconis,
Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:cauda,
i. e. the end of, Plin. 9, 5, 4, § 11:mors ultima linea rerum est,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 79.—Subst.(α).ultĭmi, ōrum, m. (sc. homines), the farthest or most remote people:(β).recessum primis ultimi non dabant,
Caes. B. G. 5, 43.—ultĭma, ōrum, n. (sc. negotia), the farthest or most remote things:(γ).praeponens ultima primis,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 59:ultima signant,
the goal, Verg. A. 5, 317.—Rarely sing.: ultĭmum, i, n., the last, the end:B.caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultimum mundi est,
Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91.—Transf.1.Of time or order of succession, the remotest, earliest, oldest, first; the last, latest, final:2.ultimi et proximi temporis recordatio,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:tam multis ab ultimā antiquitate repetitis,
id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:tempora,
id. Leg. 1, 3. 8:initium,
Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14:principium,
Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5:memoria pueritiae,
id. Arch. 1, 1:memoria saeculorum,
Just. 12, 16, 3:vetustas hominum,
id. 2, 1, 20:sanguinis auctor,
Verg. A. 7, 49:ultima quid referam?
Ov. H. 14, 109: scilicet ultima semper Exspectanda dies homini est, last, id.M. 3, 135:aetas est de ferro,
id. ib. 1, 127:vox,
id. ib. 3, 499:dicta,
id. ib. 9, 126:lapis,
i. e. a gravestone, Prop. 1, 17, 20: cerae, i. e. a last will, testament, Mart. 4, 70, 2:aetas,
Quint. 12, 4, 2:senectus,
id. 11, 1, 10:virtute pares, necessitate, quae ultimum ac maximum telum est, superiores estis,
Liv. 4, 28, 5:decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum senatus consultum,
Caes. B. C. 1, 5. —As subst.: ultĭma, ōrum, n.:perferto et ultima exspectato,
final events, the end, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 2:ultima vitae,
Calp. Ecl. 3, 91.—Rarely sing.:matrem ultimo aetatis affectam,
Aus. Vict. Or. Gent. Rom. 10.—Adverb.:si fidem ad ultimum fratri praestitisset,
to the last, Liv. 45, 19, 17; 3, 64, 8; 3, 64, 11; also (more freq.) at last, lastly, finally, = ad extremum, ad postremum, postremo:si qualis in cives, talis ad ultimum in liberos esset,
Liv. 1, 53, 10; 5, 10, 8; 3, 10, 3:ne se ad ultimum perditum irent,
id. 26, 27, 10; so,ultimo,
Suet. Ner. 32 fin.; Petr. 20, 139;and, ultimum,
for the last time, Liv. 1, 29, 3; Curt. 5, 12, 8; App. M. 2, p. 126.—Of degree or rank, and denoting the highest as well as the lowest extreme of either.a.The utmost, extreme, the highest, first, greatest, = summus, extremus:b.summum bonum, quod ultimum appello,
Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 30:ultimae perfectaeque naturae,
id. N. D. 2, 12, 33:ut absit ab ultimis vitiis ipse praeceptor ac schola,
Quint. 2, 2, 15:ultimae causae cur perirent, etc.,
Hor. C. 1, 16, 18:scelus,
Curt. 5, 12, 17:rex ad ultimum periculum venit,
id. 7, 6, 22:facinus,
id. 8, 8, 2; 6, 3, 13; 6, 9, 11:necessitas,
id. 9, 12, 6; Liv. 2, 43, 3; 3, 4, 9; Sen. Clem. 1, 12, 5:ad ultimam inopiam adducere,
Liv. 6, 3, 4; 37, 31, 2:ad ultimos casus servari,
id. 27, 10, 11:dedecus,
Curt. 9, 5, 11:exsecrationes,
Just. 24, 2, 8: ultimum supplicium, extreme (i. e. capital) punishment, Caes. B. C. 1, 84; so,poena,
Liv. 3, 58, 10; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 8:desperatio,
Tac. H. 2, 48; 2, 44; Curt. 10, 8, 9; Liv. 42, 66, 1; Sen. Contr. 4, 29, 2:discrimen ultimum vitae et regni,
Liv. 37, 53, 16; 23, 21, 2:ad ultimam perductus tristitiam,
Petr. 24.—Esp., as subst.: ultĭ-ma, ōrum, n.:omnia ultima pati,
every extremity, the worst, Liv. 37, 54, 2:ultima pati,
Ov. M. 14, 483; id. Tr. 3, 2, 11; Curt. 3, 1, 6:ultima audere,
Liv. 3, 2, 11:priusquam ultima experirentur,
id. 2, 28, 9.—Rarely sing.:paene in ultimum gladiorum erupit impunitas,
Vell. 2, 125, 2:ad ultimum inopiae adducere,
to the last degree. Liv. 23, 19, 2; 31, 38, 1:ad ultimum periculi pervenire,
Curt. 8, 1, 15.— Trop.:ut in pecude, nisi quae vis obstitit, videmus naturam suo quodam itinere ad ultimum pervenire,
Cic. N. D. 2, 13, 35.—Adverb.:ad ultimum pro fide morituri,
Curt. 3, 1, 7:consilium sceleratum, sed non ad ultimum demens,
in the extreme, utterly, to the last degree, Liv. 28, 28, 8.—The lowest, meanest (very rare):qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,
Vell. 1, 11, 1:principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35: ultima sit laudes inter ut illa tuas, Auct. Cons. ad Liv. 17:ultima pistoris illa uxor,
the worst, App. M. 9, p. 224, 26.— Subst.:ut vigiliis et labore cum ultimis militum certaret (consul),
Liv. 34, 18, 5:in ultimis laudum,
id. 30, 30, 4:in ultimis ponere,
the lowest, meanest things, Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 91. -
13 ultima
ulter, tra, trum, adj. ( comp. ulterior, us; sup. ultimus) [cf.: uls, ollus, olim; and the advv. ultra, ultro], prop. that is beyond or on the other side. The posit. is not found, but the comp. and sup. are very freq.I.Comp.: ultĕrĭor, ĭus, farther, on the farther side, that is beyond, ulterior:B.quis est ulterior?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 10:quorum alter ulteriorem Galliam decernit cum Syriā, alter citeriorem,
i. e. transalpine, Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:Gallia,
id. Att. 8, 3, 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 7:portus,
id. ib. 4, 23:Hispania,
Suet. Caes. 7; 18; 56:pars urbis,
Liv. 34, 20, 5:ripa,
Verg. A. 6, 314; Vell. 2, 107, 1:ulterius medio spatium sol altus habebat,
Ov. M. 2, 417.—As subst.1.ul-tĕrĭōres, um, m. (sc. homines), the more remote, or more distant persons, those beyond:2.cum ab proximis impetrare non possent, ulteriores tentant,
Caes. B. G. 6, 2: recurritur ex proximis locis;ulteriores non inventi,
Liv. 3, 60, 7:proximi ripae neglegenter, ulteriores exquisitius,
Tac. G. 17.—ultĕrĭōra, um, n. (sc. loca or negotia).(α).Of places, the more remote parts or regions, the districts beyond:(β).Mosellae pons, qui ulteriora coloniae annectit,
Tac. H. 4, 77.—In gen., of things, that which is beyond, things beyond, farther, or in addition; things future:3.ulteriora mirari, praesentia sequi,
Tac. H. 4, 8:ut dum proxima dicimus, struere ulteriora possimus,
things beyond, what is to come, Quint. 10, 7, 8; cf.:pudor est ulteriora loqui,
Ov. F. 5, 532; id. A. A. 3, 769:semper et inventis ulteriora petit,
id. Am. 2, 9, 10.—Rarely sing.: ultĕrĭus, ōris, n., something more, any thing further:II.cujus (fero, tuli) praeteritum perfectum et ulterius non invenitur,
Quint. 1, 6, 26.—Sup.: ultĭmus, a, um, that is farthest beyond, i. e. the farthest, most distant, most remote, the uttermost, extreme, last; often to be rendered as a subst., the farthest or most distant part of any thing, etc. (opp. to citimus, while extremus is opp. to intimus).A.Lit., of space:2.illa minima (luna) quae ultima a caeio, citima terris luce lucebat alienā,
Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16:partes,
id. ib. 6, 20, 20:in ultimam provinciam se conjecit,
id. Att. 5, 16, 4:devehendum in ultimas maris terrarumque oras,
Liv. 21, 10, 12:orae,
Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 3; Hor. C. 3, 3, 45; Liv. 5, 37, 2:campi,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 95:Hesperia,
Hor. C. 1, 36, 4:Africa,
id. ib. 2, 18, 4:Geloni,
id. ib. 2, 20, 18:in plateā ultimā,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 28; id. Mil. 3, 1, 15:in ultimis aedibus,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 29:spelunca draconis,
Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:cauda,
i. e. the end of, Plin. 9, 5, 4, § 11:mors ultima linea rerum est,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 79.—Subst.(α).ultĭmi, ōrum, m. (sc. homines), the farthest or most remote people:(β).recessum primis ultimi non dabant,
Caes. B. G. 5, 43.—ultĭma, ōrum, n. (sc. negotia), the farthest or most remote things:(γ).praeponens ultima primis,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 59:ultima signant,
the goal, Verg. A. 5, 317.—Rarely sing.: ultĭmum, i, n., the last, the end:B.caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultimum mundi est,
Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91.—Transf.1.Of time or order of succession, the remotest, earliest, oldest, first; the last, latest, final:2.ultimi et proximi temporis recordatio,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:tam multis ab ultimā antiquitate repetitis,
id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:tempora,
id. Leg. 1, 3. 8:initium,
Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14:principium,
Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5:memoria pueritiae,
id. Arch. 1, 1:memoria saeculorum,
Just. 12, 16, 3:vetustas hominum,
id. 2, 1, 20:sanguinis auctor,
Verg. A. 7, 49:ultima quid referam?
Ov. H. 14, 109: scilicet ultima semper Exspectanda dies homini est, last, id.M. 3, 135:aetas est de ferro,
id. ib. 1, 127:vox,
id. ib. 3, 499:dicta,
id. ib. 9, 126:lapis,
i. e. a gravestone, Prop. 1, 17, 20: cerae, i. e. a last will, testament, Mart. 4, 70, 2:aetas,
Quint. 12, 4, 2:senectus,
id. 11, 1, 10:virtute pares, necessitate, quae ultimum ac maximum telum est, superiores estis,
Liv. 4, 28, 5:decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum senatus consultum,
Caes. B. C. 1, 5. —As subst.: ultĭma, ōrum, n.:perferto et ultima exspectato,
final events, the end, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 2:ultima vitae,
Calp. Ecl. 3, 91.—Rarely sing.:matrem ultimo aetatis affectam,
Aus. Vict. Or. Gent. Rom. 10.—Adverb.:si fidem ad ultimum fratri praestitisset,
to the last, Liv. 45, 19, 17; 3, 64, 8; 3, 64, 11; also (more freq.) at last, lastly, finally, = ad extremum, ad postremum, postremo:si qualis in cives, talis ad ultimum in liberos esset,
Liv. 1, 53, 10; 5, 10, 8; 3, 10, 3:ne se ad ultimum perditum irent,
id. 26, 27, 10; so,ultimo,
Suet. Ner. 32 fin.; Petr. 20, 139;and, ultimum,
for the last time, Liv. 1, 29, 3; Curt. 5, 12, 8; App. M. 2, p. 126.—Of degree or rank, and denoting the highest as well as the lowest extreme of either.a.The utmost, extreme, the highest, first, greatest, = summus, extremus:b.summum bonum, quod ultimum appello,
Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 30:ultimae perfectaeque naturae,
id. N. D. 2, 12, 33:ut absit ab ultimis vitiis ipse praeceptor ac schola,
Quint. 2, 2, 15:ultimae causae cur perirent, etc.,
Hor. C. 1, 16, 18:scelus,
Curt. 5, 12, 17:rex ad ultimum periculum venit,
id. 7, 6, 22:facinus,
id. 8, 8, 2; 6, 3, 13; 6, 9, 11:necessitas,
id. 9, 12, 6; Liv. 2, 43, 3; 3, 4, 9; Sen. Clem. 1, 12, 5:ad ultimam inopiam adducere,
Liv. 6, 3, 4; 37, 31, 2:ad ultimos casus servari,
id. 27, 10, 11:dedecus,
Curt. 9, 5, 11:exsecrationes,
Just. 24, 2, 8: ultimum supplicium, extreme (i. e. capital) punishment, Caes. B. C. 1, 84; so,poena,
Liv. 3, 58, 10; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 8:desperatio,
Tac. H. 2, 48; 2, 44; Curt. 10, 8, 9; Liv. 42, 66, 1; Sen. Contr. 4, 29, 2:discrimen ultimum vitae et regni,
Liv. 37, 53, 16; 23, 21, 2:ad ultimam perductus tristitiam,
Petr. 24.—Esp., as subst.: ultĭ-ma, ōrum, n.:omnia ultima pati,
every extremity, the worst, Liv. 37, 54, 2:ultima pati,
Ov. M. 14, 483; id. Tr. 3, 2, 11; Curt. 3, 1, 6:ultima audere,
Liv. 3, 2, 11:priusquam ultima experirentur,
id. 2, 28, 9.—Rarely sing.:paene in ultimum gladiorum erupit impunitas,
Vell. 2, 125, 2:ad ultimum inopiae adducere,
to the last degree. Liv. 23, 19, 2; 31, 38, 1:ad ultimum periculi pervenire,
Curt. 8, 1, 15.— Trop.:ut in pecude, nisi quae vis obstitit, videmus naturam suo quodam itinere ad ultimum pervenire,
Cic. N. D. 2, 13, 35.—Adverb.:ad ultimum pro fide morituri,
Curt. 3, 1, 7:consilium sceleratum, sed non ad ultimum demens,
in the extreme, utterly, to the last degree, Liv. 28, 28, 8.—The lowest, meanest (very rare):qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,
Vell. 1, 11, 1:principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35: ultima sit laudes inter ut illa tuas, Auct. Cons. ad Liv. 17:ultima pistoris illa uxor,
the worst, App. M. 9, p. 224, 26.— Subst.:ut vigiliis et labore cum ultimis militum certaret (consul),
Liv. 34, 18, 5:in ultimis laudum,
id. 30, 30, 4:in ultimis ponere,
the lowest, meanest things, Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 91. -
14 ultimi
ulter, tra, trum, adj. ( comp. ulterior, us; sup. ultimus) [cf.: uls, ollus, olim; and the advv. ultra, ultro], prop. that is beyond or on the other side. The posit. is not found, but the comp. and sup. are very freq.I.Comp.: ultĕrĭor, ĭus, farther, on the farther side, that is beyond, ulterior:B.quis est ulterior?
Ter. Phorm. 4, 2, 10:quorum alter ulteriorem Galliam decernit cum Syriā, alter citeriorem,
i. e. transalpine, Cic. Prov. Cons. 15, 36:Gallia,
id. Att. 8, 3, 3; Caes. B. G. 1, 7:portus,
id. ib. 4, 23:Hispania,
Suet. Caes. 7; 18; 56:pars urbis,
Liv. 34, 20, 5:ripa,
Verg. A. 6, 314; Vell. 2, 107, 1:ulterius medio spatium sol altus habebat,
Ov. M. 2, 417.—As subst.1.ul-tĕrĭōres, um, m. (sc. homines), the more remote, or more distant persons, those beyond:2.cum ab proximis impetrare non possent, ulteriores tentant,
Caes. B. G. 6, 2: recurritur ex proximis locis;ulteriores non inventi,
Liv. 3, 60, 7:proximi ripae neglegenter, ulteriores exquisitius,
Tac. G. 17.—ultĕrĭōra, um, n. (sc. loca or negotia).(α).Of places, the more remote parts or regions, the districts beyond:(β).Mosellae pons, qui ulteriora coloniae annectit,
Tac. H. 4, 77.—In gen., of things, that which is beyond, things beyond, farther, or in addition; things future:3.ulteriora mirari, praesentia sequi,
Tac. H. 4, 8:ut dum proxima dicimus, struere ulteriora possimus,
things beyond, what is to come, Quint. 10, 7, 8; cf.:pudor est ulteriora loqui,
Ov. F. 5, 532; id. A. A. 3, 769:semper et inventis ulteriora petit,
id. Am. 2, 9, 10.—Rarely sing.: ultĕrĭus, ōris, n., something more, any thing further:II.cujus (fero, tuli) praeteritum perfectum et ulterius non invenitur,
Quint. 1, 6, 26.—Sup.: ultĭmus, a, um, that is farthest beyond, i. e. the farthest, most distant, most remote, the uttermost, extreme, last; often to be rendered as a subst., the farthest or most distant part of any thing, etc. (opp. to citimus, while extremus is opp. to intimus).A.Lit., of space:2.illa minima (luna) quae ultima a caeio, citima terris luce lucebat alienā,
Cic. Rep. 6, 16, 16:partes,
id. ib. 6, 20, 20:in ultimam provinciam se conjecit,
id. Att. 5, 16, 4:devehendum in ultimas maris terrarumque oras,
Liv. 21, 10, 12:orae,
Plaut. Most. 4, 3, 3; Hor. C. 3, 3, 45; Liv. 5, 37, 2:campi,
Plaut. Rud. 4, 3, 95:Hesperia,
Hor. C. 1, 36, 4:Africa,
id. ib. 2, 18, 4:Geloni,
id. ib. 2, 20, 18:in plateā ultimā,
Plaut. Curc. 2, 2, 28; id. Mil. 3, 1, 15:in ultimis aedibus,
Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 29:spelunca draconis,
Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:cauda,
i. e. the end of, Plin. 9, 5, 4, § 11:mors ultima linea rerum est,
Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 79.—Subst.(α).ultĭmi, ōrum, m. (sc. homines), the farthest or most remote people:(β).recessum primis ultimi non dabant,
Caes. B. G. 5, 43.—ultĭma, ōrum, n. (sc. negotia), the farthest or most remote things:(γ).praeponens ultima primis,
Hor. S. 1, 4, 59:ultima signant,
the goal, Verg. A. 5, 317.—Rarely sing.: ultĭmum, i, n., the last, the end:B.caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultimum mundi est,
Cic. Div. 2, 43, 91.—Transf.1.Of time or order of succession, the remotest, earliest, oldest, first; the last, latest, final:2.ultimi et proximi temporis recordatio,
Cic. Prov. Cons. 18, 43:tam multis ab ultimā antiquitate repetitis,
id. Fin. 1, 20, 65:tempora,
id. Leg. 1, 3. 8:initium,
Auct. Her. 1, 9, 14:principium,
Cic. Inv. 2, 2, 5:memoria pueritiae,
id. Arch. 1, 1:memoria saeculorum,
Just. 12, 16, 3:vetustas hominum,
id. 2, 1, 20:sanguinis auctor,
Verg. A. 7, 49:ultima quid referam?
Ov. H. 14, 109: scilicet ultima semper Exspectanda dies homini est, last, id.M. 3, 135:aetas est de ferro,
id. ib. 1, 127:vox,
id. ib. 3, 499:dicta,
id. ib. 9, 126:lapis,
i. e. a gravestone, Prop. 1, 17, 20: cerae, i. e. a last will, testament, Mart. 4, 70, 2:aetas,
Quint. 12, 4, 2:senectus,
id. 11, 1, 10:virtute pares, necessitate, quae ultimum ac maximum telum est, superiores estis,
Liv. 4, 28, 5:decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum senatus consultum,
Caes. B. C. 1, 5. —As subst.: ultĭma, ōrum, n.:perferto et ultima exspectato,
final events, the end, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 2:ultima vitae,
Calp. Ecl. 3, 91.—Rarely sing.:matrem ultimo aetatis affectam,
Aus. Vict. Or. Gent. Rom. 10.—Adverb.:si fidem ad ultimum fratri praestitisset,
to the last, Liv. 45, 19, 17; 3, 64, 8; 3, 64, 11; also (more freq.) at last, lastly, finally, = ad extremum, ad postremum, postremo:si qualis in cives, talis ad ultimum in liberos esset,
Liv. 1, 53, 10; 5, 10, 8; 3, 10, 3:ne se ad ultimum perditum irent,
id. 26, 27, 10; so,ultimo,
Suet. Ner. 32 fin.; Petr. 20, 139;and, ultimum,
for the last time, Liv. 1, 29, 3; Curt. 5, 12, 8; App. M. 2, p. 126.—Of degree or rank, and denoting the highest as well as the lowest extreme of either.a.The utmost, extreme, the highest, first, greatest, = summus, extremus:b.summum bonum, quod ultimum appello,
Cic. Fin. 3, 9, 30:ultimae perfectaeque naturae,
id. N. D. 2, 12, 33:ut absit ab ultimis vitiis ipse praeceptor ac schola,
Quint. 2, 2, 15:ultimae causae cur perirent, etc.,
Hor. C. 1, 16, 18:scelus,
Curt. 5, 12, 17:rex ad ultimum periculum venit,
id. 7, 6, 22:facinus,
id. 8, 8, 2; 6, 3, 13; 6, 9, 11:necessitas,
id. 9, 12, 6; Liv. 2, 43, 3; 3, 4, 9; Sen. Clem. 1, 12, 5:ad ultimam inopiam adducere,
Liv. 6, 3, 4; 37, 31, 2:ad ultimos casus servari,
id. 27, 10, 11:dedecus,
Curt. 9, 5, 11:exsecrationes,
Just. 24, 2, 8: ultimum supplicium, extreme (i. e. capital) punishment, Caes. B. C. 1, 84; so,poena,
Liv. 3, 58, 10; Plin. Ep. 2, 11, 8:desperatio,
Tac. H. 2, 48; 2, 44; Curt. 10, 8, 9; Liv. 42, 66, 1; Sen. Contr. 4, 29, 2:discrimen ultimum vitae et regni,
Liv. 37, 53, 16; 23, 21, 2:ad ultimam perductus tristitiam,
Petr. 24.—Esp., as subst.: ultĭ-ma, ōrum, n.:omnia ultima pati,
every extremity, the worst, Liv. 37, 54, 2:ultima pati,
Ov. M. 14, 483; id. Tr. 3, 2, 11; Curt. 3, 1, 6:ultima audere,
Liv. 3, 2, 11:priusquam ultima experirentur,
id. 2, 28, 9.—Rarely sing.:paene in ultimum gladiorum erupit impunitas,
Vell. 2, 125, 2:ad ultimum inopiae adducere,
to the last degree. Liv. 23, 19, 2; 31, 38, 1:ad ultimum periculi pervenire,
Curt. 8, 1, 15.— Trop.:ut in pecude, nisi quae vis obstitit, videmus naturam suo quodam itinere ad ultimum pervenire,
Cic. N. D. 2, 13, 35.—Adverb.:ad ultimum pro fide morituri,
Curt. 3, 1, 7:consilium sceleratum, sed non ad ultimum demens,
in the extreme, utterly, to the last degree, Liv. 28, 28, 8.—The lowest, meanest (very rare):qui se Philippum regiaeque stirpis ferebat, cum esset ultimae,
Vell. 1, 11, 1:principibus placuisse viris non ultima laus est,
Hor. Ep. 1, 17, 35: ultima sit laudes inter ut illa tuas, Auct. Cons. ad Liv. 17:ultima pistoris illa uxor,
the worst, App. M. 9, p. 224, 26.— Subst.:ut vigiliis et labore cum ultimis militum certaret (consul),
Liv. 34, 18, 5:in ultimis laudum,
id. 30, 30, 4:in ultimis ponere,
the lowest, meanest things, Plin. 17, 12, 18, § 91. -
15 fundus
fundus ī, m [FVD-], the bottom, lowest part: armari fundum exsecuit: maris, Cu.: Nereus ciet aequora fundo, V.: largitio fundum non habet, there is no end of giving.—A piece of land, farm, estate: mancipio fundum accepi: in fundo Fodere, T.: latis otia fundis, V.: cultus, H.: nostri fundi calamitas, T.: pulcherrimus populi R.— Fig., a bottom, foundation: Phrygiae res vertere fundo (i. e. funditus), V.—In public law, an authority, approver: nisi is populus fundus factus esset.* * *farm; piece of land, estate; bottom, lowest part; foundation; an authority -
16 hypate
bass string (instrument); lowest note of tetrachord; notes of lowest tetrachord -
17 exter
exter or extĕrus (both forms only post-class. and very rare), tĕra, tĕrum, adj. [ comp. form, from ex], on the outside, outward, of another country, family, etc., foreign, strange (syn.: extraneus; alienus, peregrinus, adventicius).I.Pos. (in Cic. and Caes. used in the plur.):II.quod exter heres praestare cogeretur,
strange, Dig. 31, 1, 69:emancipatus vero aut exterus non aliter possunt hereditatem quaerere quam si, etc.,
ib. 29, 2, 84; cf. ib. 31, 1, 67, § 4:tactus corporis est sensus, vel cum res extera sese Insinuat, vel, etc.,
Lucr. 2, 435:vis,
id. 2, 277:haec lex socialis est, hoc jus nationum exterarum est,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 5, 18:exterarum gentium multitudo,
Suet. Caes. 84:non modo vestris civibus, verum etiam exteris nationibus,
Cic. Font. 11, 25; cf.:apud exteras civitates,
Cic. Caecin. 34, 100:apud exteras nationes,
Caes. B. C. 3, 43 fin.;ad nationes exteras,
Quint. 11, 1, 89:apud exteros,
Plin. 18, 3, 5, § 22 et saep.:ab extero hoste atque longinquo,
Cic. Cat. 2, 13.—In neutr. plur. with gen.:ad extera Europae noscenda missus Himilco,
Plin. 2, 67, 67, § 169:ad extera corporum,
id. 22, 23, 49, § 103.—Comp.: extĕrĭor, us (in signif. scarcely differing from its pos.), outward, outer, exterior; opp. interior (rare but class.):III.cum alterum fecisset exteriorem, interiorem alterum amplexus orbem,
Cic. Univ. 7; cf.:simul ex navibus milites in exteriorem vallum tela jaciebant... et legionarii, interioris munitionis defensores,
Caes. B. C. 3, 63, 6:colle exteriore occupato,
id. B. G. 7, 79, 1:circumire exteriores mutiones jubet,
id. ib. 7, 87, 4:pares munitiones contra exteriorem hostem perfecit,
id. ib. 7, 74:comes exterior,
i. e. on the left side, Hor. S. 2, 5, 17.—Sup. in two forms, extrēmus and extĭmus or extŭmus [ sup. of ex; cf. Gr. eschatos, Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 387].A.extrēmus, a, um (which in post-class. lang. is itself compared; comp.:1.extremior,
App. M. 1, p. 105; 7, p. 188; sup.:extremissimus,
Tert. Apol. 19), the outermost, utmost, extreme (so most freq.; cf.: ultimus, postremus, novissimus, supremus, imus).Lit.:2.extremum oppidum Allobrogum est Geneva,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6, 3:flumen Axona, quod est in extremis Remorum finibus,
on the farthest borders, id. ib. 2, 5, 4:fines,
Liv. 39, 28, 2; 45, 29, 14; cf.:ad extremum finem provinciae Galliae venerunt,
id. 40, 16, 5:impiger extremos currit mercator ad Indos,
the remotest, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 45:Tanaïs,
id. C. 3, 10, 1:in extrema fere parte epistolae,
near the end, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 20; cf.:in codicis extrema cera,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 36, § 92; but to denote the last part of a thing it is used more freq. in immediate connection with the substantive denoting the whole:quibus (litteris) in extremis,
at its end, id. Att. 14, 8, 1; cf.:in qua (epistola) extrema,
id. ib. 13, 45, 1:in extremo libro tertio,
at the end of the third book, id. Off. 3, 2, 9:in extrema oratione,
id. de Or. 1, 10, 41:in extremo ponte turrim constituit,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 3; cf.:ad extremas fossas castella constituit,
id. ib. 2, 8, 3:ab extremo agmine,
id. ib. 2, 11, 4:in extrema Cappadocia,
Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 4:extremis digitis aliquid attingere,
id. Cael. 12, 28 et saep. —In the neutr. absol. and as subst.: extrē-mum, i, n., an end, the end: divitias alii praeponunt, alii honores, multi etiam voluptates;beluarum hoc quidem extremum,
Cic. Lael. 6, 20:quod finitum est, habet extremum,
id. Div. 2, 50, 103:missile telum hastili abiegno et cetera tereti, praeterquam ad extremum,
at the end, Liv. 21, 8, 10: in "Equo Trojano" scis esse in extremo "sero sapiunt," Cic. Fam. 7, 16, 1; cf.:quod erat in extremo,
id. Att. 6, 9, 1.—With gen.:aliquid ad extremum causae reservatum,
Cic. Deiot. 13, 35 (cf. infra, 2. a. fin.):caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultumum mundi est,
id. Div. 2, 43, 91:ab Ocelo, quod est citerioris provinciae extremum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 10, 5:summum gulae fauces vocantur, extremum stomachus,
Plin. 11, 37, 68, § 179:in extremo montis,
Sall. J. 37, 4.— In plur.:extrema agminis,
Liv. 6, 32, 11:extrema Africae,
Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 31:extrema Galliae,
Flor. 3, 3, 1; 3, 20, 12; Tac. H. 5, 18; id. A. 4, 67; 4, 74.—Trop.a.In respect to time or the order of succession, the latest, last:a.inter prioris mensis senescentis extremum diem et novam lunam,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 10 Müll.:mensis anni Februarius,
Cic. Leg. 2, 21, 54:tempore diei,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 15, 6:eam amicitiam ad extremum finem vitae perduxit,
Liv. 37, 53, 8:matres ab extremo conspectu liberorum exclusae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 118:manus extrema non accessit operibus ejus,
the finishing hand, the last touches, id. Brut. 33, 126:extremum illud est, ut te orem et obsecrem,
it remains only, id. Fam. 4, 13, 7; id. Att. 11, 16, 5.—To denote the last part of a thing (cf. above, 1.): quod eo die potest videri extrema et prima luna, i. e. the end and the beginning, Varr. L. L. l. l.:usque ad extremam aetatem ab adolescentia,
Nep. Cato, 2, 4; id. Att. 10, 3; cf.: ita tantum bellum Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit, Cic. de lmp. Pomp. 12, 35:extremo anno,
Liv. 2, 64, 1:extremo tempore,
in the last time, at last, Nep. Dat. 10; id. Epam. 9; id. Eum. 5, 3 al.:extrema pueritia,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:extremo Peloponnesio bello,
Nep. Con. 1, 2: extremus dies, the close of day, the evening, Sil 7, 172; 14, 8.— Subst.:illum Praeteritum temnens extremos inter euntem,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 116; cf.: extremi primorum, extremis [p. 708] usque priores, id. Ep. 2, 2, 204:extremus dominorum,
Tac. H. 4, 42 fin.:die extremum erat,
Sall. J. 21, 2:extremum aestatis,
id. ib. 90, 1:extremo anni,
Liv. 35, 11, 1:sub extremum noctis,
Sil. 4, 88 al. —Prov.: extrema semper de ante factis judicant (cf. our wise after the event), Pub. Syr. 163 Rib.— Adv.: extremum.For the last time:b.alloquor extremum maestos abiturus amicos,
Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 15: cum diu occulte suspirassent, postea jam gemere, ad extremum vero loqui omnes et clamare coeperunt.—At last, finally, Cic. Att. 2, 21, 2:b.extremum tenues liquefacta medullas Tabuit,
Ov. M. 14, 431.—Adverb. phrase:ad extremum,
id. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Caes. B. G. 4, 4, 2 et saep.; cf., strengthened by tum:invenire quod dicas... deinde... post... tum ad extremum agere ac pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 79; and strengthened by denique:ad extremum ipsa denique necessitate excitantur,
id. Sest. 47, 100:decimo loco testis exspectatus et ad extremum reservatus dixit, etc.,
till the end, to the last, id. Caecin. 10, 28:ad extremum,
Ov. P. 1, 9, 28; 3, 7, 20;for which: in extremum (durare),
id. H. 7, 111:qui extremo mortuus est,
at last, Dig. 32, 1, 81:extremo,
Nep. Ham. 2, 3.—Extreme in quality or degree; used, like ultimus, to denote both the highest and the lowest grade.(α).The utmost, highest, greatest: cum extremum hoc sit (sentis enim, credo, me jam diu, quod telos Graeci dicunt, id dicere tum extremum, tum ultimum, tum summum:(β).licebit etiam finem pro extremo aut ultimo dicere) cum igitur hoc sit extremum, congruenter naturae vivere, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 26:extremam famem sustentare,
Caes. B. G. 7, 17, 3:ad extrema et inimicissima jura tam cupide decurrebas,
Cic. Quint. 15, 48; cf.:decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum S. C., Dent operam consules, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 3:extremam rationem belli sequens,
id. ib. 3, 44, 1:neque aliud se fatigando nisi odium quaerere, extremae dementiae est,
is the height of madness, Sall. J. 3, 3:in extremis suis rebus,
in the utmost, greatest danger, Caes. B. G. 2, 25 fin.:res,
Suet. Ner. 6 fin.; cf.:res jam ad extremum perducta casum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 5, 1:necessitate extrema ad mortem agi,
Tac. A. 13, 1.— Subst.: si nihil in Lepido spei sit, descensurum ad extrema, to desperate measures, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:ad extrema perventum est,
Curt. 4, 14, 14:ad extrema ventum foret, ni, etc.,
Liv. 2, 47, 8:compellere ad extrema deditionis,
to surrender at discretion, Flor. 4, 5; cf.:famem, ferrum et extrema pati,
Tac. H. 4, 59:plura de extremis loqui,
id. ib. 2, 47 al.:res publica in extremo sita,
Sall. C. 52, 11;Sen. de Ira, 1, 11, 5.—Adverb.: improbus homo, sed non ad extremum perditus,
utterly, Liv. 23, 2, 4.—The lowest, vilest, meanest (perh. not ante-Aug.):B.mancipia,
Sen. Ep. 70 fin.:latrones,
App. M. 3, p. 131:quidam sortis extremae juvenis,
Just. 15, 1:alimenta vitae,
Tac. A. 6, 24:extremi ingenii est,
Liv. 22, 29, 8.—extĭmus or extŭmus, a, um, the outermost, farthest, most remote (rare but class.):novem orbes, quorum unus est caelestis, extimus, qui reliquos omnes complectitur,
Cic. Rep. 6, 17:circum caesura membrorum,
Lucr. 3, 219; 4, 647:promontorium Oceani,
Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 1:gentes,
id. 2, 78, 80, § 190: factus sum extimus a vobis, i. e. discarded, estranged, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 609 P.— Subst.:Apuliae extima,
the borders, Plin. 6, 34, 39, § 217. -
18 extremum
exter or extĕrus (both forms only post-class. and very rare), tĕra, tĕrum, adj. [ comp. form, from ex], on the outside, outward, of another country, family, etc., foreign, strange (syn.: extraneus; alienus, peregrinus, adventicius).I.Pos. (in Cic. and Caes. used in the plur.):II.quod exter heres praestare cogeretur,
strange, Dig. 31, 1, 69:emancipatus vero aut exterus non aliter possunt hereditatem quaerere quam si, etc.,
ib. 29, 2, 84; cf. ib. 31, 1, 67, § 4:tactus corporis est sensus, vel cum res extera sese Insinuat, vel, etc.,
Lucr. 2, 435:vis,
id. 2, 277:haec lex socialis est, hoc jus nationum exterarum est,
Cic. Div. in Caecil. 5, 18:exterarum gentium multitudo,
Suet. Caes. 84:non modo vestris civibus, verum etiam exteris nationibus,
Cic. Font. 11, 25; cf.:apud exteras civitates,
Cic. Caecin. 34, 100:apud exteras nationes,
Caes. B. C. 3, 43 fin.;ad nationes exteras,
Quint. 11, 1, 89:apud exteros,
Plin. 18, 3, 5, § 22 et saep.:ab extero hoste atque longinquo,
Cic. Cat. 2, 13.—In neutr. plur. with gen.:ad extera Europae noscenda missus Himilco,
Plin. 2, 67, 67, § 169:ad extera corporum,
id. 22, 23, 49, § 103.—Comp.: extĕrĭor, us (in signif. scarcely differing from its pos.), outward, outer, exterior; opp. interior (rare but class.):III.cum alterum fecisset exteriorem, interiorem alterum amplexus orbem,
Cic. Univ. 7; cf.:simul ex navibus milites in exteriorem vallum tela jaciebant... et legionarii, interioris munitionis defensores,
Caes. B. C. 3, 63, 6:colle exteriore occupato,
id. B. G. 7, 79, 1:circumire exteriores mutiones jubet,
id. ib. 7, 87, 4:pares munitiones contra exteriorem hostem perfecit,
id. ib. 7, 74:comes exterior,
i. e. on the left side, Hor. S. 2, 5, 17.—Sup. in two forms, extrēmus and extĭmus or extŭmus [ sup. of ex; cf. Gr. eschatos, Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 387].A.extrēmus, a, um (which in post-class. lang. is itself compared; comp.:1.extremior,
App. M. 1, p. 105; 7, p. 188; sup.:extremissimus,
Tert. Apol. 19), the outermost, utmost, extreme (so most freq.; cf.: ultimus, postremus, novissimus, supremus, imus).Lit.:2.extremum oppidum Allobrogum est Geneva,
Caes. B. G. 1, 6, 3:flumen Axona, quod est in extremis Remorum finibus,
on the farthest borders, id. ib. 2, 5, 4:fines,
Liv. 39, 28, 2; 45, 29, 14; cf.:ad extremum finem provinciae Galliae venerunt,
id. 40, 16, 5:impiger extremos currit mercator ad Indos,
the remotest, Hor. Ep. 1, 1, 45:Tanaïs,
id. C. 3, 10, 1:in extrema fere parte epistolae,
near the end, Cic. Att. 6, 1, 20; cf.:in codicis extrema cera,
id. Verr. 2, 1, 36, § 92; but to denote the last part of a thing it is used more freq. in immediate connection with the substantive denoting the whole:quibus (litteris) in extremis,
at its end, id. Att. 14, 8, 1; cf.:in qua (epistola) extrema,
id. ib. 13, 45, 1:in extremo libro tertio,
at the end of the third book, id. Off. 3, 2, 9:in extrema oratione,
id. de Or. 1, 10, 41:in extremo ponte turrim constituit,
Caes. B. G. 6, 29, 3; cf.:ad extremas fossas castella constituit,
id. ib. 2, 8, 3:ab extremo agmine,
id. ib. 2, 11, 4:in extrema Cappadocia,
Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 4:extremis digitis aliquid attingere,
id. Cael. 12, 28 et saep. —In the neutr. absol. and as subst.: extrē-mum, i, n., an end, the end: divitias alii praeponunt, alii honores, multi etiam voluptates;beluarum hoc quidem extremum,
Cic. Lael. 6, 20:quod finitum est, habet extremum,
id. Div. 2, 50, 103:missile telum hastili abiegno et cetera tereti, praeterquam ad extremum,
at the end, Liv. 21, 8, 10: in "Equo Trojano" scis esse in extremo "sero sapiunt," Cic. Fam. 7, 16, 1; cf.:quod erat in extremo,
id. Att. 6, 9, 1.—With gen.:aliquid ad extremum causae reservatum,
Cic. Deiot. 13, 35 (cf. infra, 2. a. fin.):caelum ipsum, quod extremum atque ultumum mundi est,
id. Div. 2, 43, 91:ab Ocelo, quod est citerioris provinciae extremum,
Caes. B. G. 1, 10, 5:summum gulae fauces vocantur, extremum stomachus,
Plin. 11, 37, 68, § 179:in extremo montis,
Sall. J. 37, 4.— In plur.:extrema agminis,
Liv. 6, 32, 11:extrema Africae,
Plin. 8, 10, 10, § 31:extrema Galliae,
Flor. 3, 3, 1; 3, 20, 12; Tac. H. 5, 18; id. A. 4, 67; 4, 74.—Trop.a.In respect to time or the order of succession, the latest, last:a.inter prioris mensis senescentis extremum diem et novam lunam,
Varr. L. L. 6, § 10 Müll.:mensis anni Februarius,
Cic. Leg. 2, 21, 54:tempore diei,
Hirt. B. G. 8, 15, 6:eam amicitiam ad extremum finem vitae perduxit,
Liv. 37, 53, 8:matres ab extremo conspectu liberorum exclusae,
Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 45, § 118:manus extrema non accessit operibus ejus,
the finishing hand, the last touches, id. Brut. 33, 126:extremum illud est, ut te orem et obsecrem,
it remains only, id. Fam. 4, 13, 7; id. Att. 11, 16, 5.—To denote the last part of a thing (cf. above, 1.): quod eo die potest videri extrema et prima luna, i. e. the end and the beginning, Varr. L. L. l. l.:usque ad extremam aetatem ab adolescentia,
Nep. Cato, 2, 4; id. Att. 10, 3; cf.: ita tantum bellum Cn. Pompeius extrema hieme apparavit, ineunte vere suscepit, media aestate confecit, Cic. de lmp. Pomp. 12, 35:extremo anno,
Liv. 2, 64, 1:extremo tempore,
in the last time, at last, Nep. Dat. 10; id. Epam. 9; id. Eum. 5, 3 al.:extrema pueritia,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 10, 28:extremo Peloponnesio bello,
Nep. Con. 1, 2: extremus dies, the close of day, the evening, Sil 7, 172; 14, 8.— Subst.:illum Praeteritum temnens extremos inter euntem,
Hor. S. 1, 1, 116; cf.: extremi primorum, extremis [p. 708] usque priores, id. Ep. 2, 2, 204:extremus dominorum,
Tac. H. 4, 42 fin.:die extremum erat,
Sall. J. 21, 2:extremum aestatis,
id. ib. 90, 1:extremo anni,
Liv. 35, 11, 1:sub extremum noctis,
Sil. 4, 88 al. —Prov.: extrema semper de ante factis judicant (cf. our wise after the event), Pub. Syr. 163 Rib.— Adv.: extremum.For the last time:b.alloquor extremum maestos abiturus amicos,
Ov. Tr. 1, 3, 15: cum diu occulte suspirassent, postea jam gemere, ad extremum vero loqui omnes et clamare coeperunt.—At last, finally, Cic. Att. 2, 21, 2:b.extremum tenues liquefacta medullas Tabuit,
Ov. M. 14, 431.—Adverb. phrase:ad extremum,
id. Phil. 13, 20, 45; Caes. B. G. 4, 4, 2 et saep.; cf., strengthened by tum:invenire quod dicas... deinde... post... tum ad extremum agere ac pronuntiare,
Cic. de Or. 2, 19, 79; and strengthened by denique:ad extremum ipsa denique necessitate excitantur,
id. Sest. 47, 100:decimo loco testis exspectatus et ad extremum reservatus dixit, etc.,
till the end, to the last, id. Caecin. 10, 28:ad extremum,
Ov. P. 1, 9, 28; 3, 7, 20;for which: in extremum (durare),
id. H. 7, 111:qui extremo mortuus est,
at last, Dig. 32, 1, 81:extremo,
Nep. Ham. 2, 3.—Extreme in quality or degree; used, like ultimus, to denote both the highest and the lowest grade.(α).The utmost, highest, greatest: cum extremum hoc sit (sentis enim, credo, me jam diu, quod telos Graeci dicunt, id dicere tum extremum, tum ultimum, tum summum:(β).licebit etiam finem pro extremo aut ultimo dicere) cum igitur hoc sit extremum, congruenter naturae vivere, etc.,
Cic. Fin. 3, 7, 26:extremam famem sustentare,
Caes. B. G. 7, 17, 3:ad extrema et inimicissima jura tam cupide decurrebas,
Cic. Quint. 15, 48; cf.:decurritur ad illud extremum atque ultimum S. C., Dent operam consules, etc.,
Caes. B. C. 1, 5, 3:extremam rationem belli sequens,
id. ib. 3, 44, 1:neque aliud se fatigando nisi odium quaerere, extremae dementiae est,
is the height of madness, Sall. J. 3, 3:in extremis suis rebus,
in the utmost, greatest danger, Caes. B. G. 2, 25 fin.:res,
Suet. Ner. 6 fin.; cf.:res jam ad extremum perducta casum,
Caes. B. G. 3, 5, 1:necessitate extrema ad mortem agi,
Tac. A. 13, 1.— Subst.: si nihil in Lepido spei sit, descensurum ad extrema, to desperate measures, Pollio ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 33, 4:ad extrema perventum est,
Curt. 4, 14, 14:ad extrema ventum foret, ni, etc.,
Liv. 2, 47, 8:compellere ad extrema deditionis,
to surrender at discretion, Flor. 4, 5; cf.:famem, ferrum et extrema pati,
Tac. H. 4, 59:plura de extremis loqui,
id. ib. 2, 47 al.:res publica in extremo sita,
Sall. C. 52, 11;Sen. de Ira, 1, 11, 5.—Adverb.: improbus homo, sed non ad extremum perditus,
utterly, Liv. 23, 2, 4.—The lowest, vilest, meanest (perh. not ante-Aug.):B.mancipia,
Sen. Ep. 70 fin.:latrones,
App. M. 3, p. 131:quidam sortis extremae juvenis,
Just. 15, 1:alimenta vitae,
Tac. A. 6, 24:extremi ingenii est,
Liv. 22, 29, 8.—extĭmus or extŭmus, a, um, the outermost, farthest, most remote (rare but class.):novem orbes, quorum unus est caelestis, extimus, qui reliquos omnes complectitur,
Cic. Rep. 6, 17:circum caesura membrorum,
Lucr. 3, 219; 4, 647:promontorium Oceani,
Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 1:gentes,
id. 2, 78, 80, § 190: factus sum extimus a vobis, i. e. discarded, estranged, Plaut. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 609 P.— Subst.:Apuliae extima,
the borders, Plin. 6, 34, 39, § 217. -
19 SPECIES INFIMA, (OR SPECIES SPECIALISSIMA)
the lowest species, the most special species - наиболее узкие, наиболее специальные виды; виды, под которыми находятся только сами индивидуальности, например, под " лошадью" подразумевается только та или эта лошадь. По Фоме (In lib. X Met. lect. 10, 2123): "Они назваются индивидуальностями настолько, насколько далее они не разделены формально, однако индивидуальности называются частностями настолько, насколько они далее не разделены ни материально, ни формально". Сравн. INDIVIDUUM.Латинские философские термины > SPECIES INFIMA, (OR SPECIES SPECIALISSIMA)
-
20 aerārius
aerārius adj. [aes], of copper, of bronze, made of copper; hence, of copper money: fabula, a twopenny story. — Of mines: structurae, Cs.— Of money, pecuniary: ratio, the rate of exchange, current value of coin. — Of the public treasury: tribuni, in charge of disbursements.* * *Ilowest class citizen, pays poll tax but cannot vote/hold office; coppersmithIIaeraria, aerarium ADJof/concerned with copper/bronze/brass; of coinage/money/treasury; penny-ante
См. также в других словарях:
Lowest In — – First Out (engl. niedrigstes herein – zuerst hinaus ), abgekürzt mit LOFO, bezeichnet jegliche Verfahren der Speicherung, bei denen diejenigen Elemente, die den niedrigsten Wert haben, als Erste aus dem Speicher entnommen werden. Das… … Deutsch Wikipedia
lowest — (adj.) c.1200, laghesst, superlative of lah (see LOW (Cf. low) (adj.)) … Etymology dictionary
Lowest — Low Low (l[=o]), a. [Compar. {Lower} (l[=o] [ e]r); superl. {Lowest}.] [OE. low, louh, lah, Icel. l[=a]gr; akin to Sw. l[*a]g, Dan. lav, D. laag, and E. lie. See {Lie} to be prostrate.] [1913 Webster] 1. Occupying an inferior position or place;… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
lowest — I adjective lowest in rank or importance last prize in last place • Syn: ↑last, ↑last place • Similar to: ↑worst II adverb … Useful english dictionary
lowest — adj. Lowest is used with these nouns: ↑tender … Collocations dictionary
lowest common denominator — lowest common denominators 1) N COUNT: usu sing (disapproval) If you describe a plan or policy as the lowest common denominator, you are critical of it because it has been deliberately made too simple so that nobody will disagree with. Although… … English dictionary
lowest common denominator — ˌlowest ˌcommon deˈnominator noun [singular] disapproving the biggest possible number of people, including people who are very easily influenced or are willing to accept low standards: • Many advertisements are clearly appealing to the lowest… … Financial and business terms
Lowest of the Low — may refer to:*The Lowest of the Low, a Canadian alternative rock group *Lowest of the Low (album), an album by American band Terror … Wikipedia
Lowest low fertility — (eine Geburtenrate auf niedrigstem Niveau) ist ein Begriff aus der Demographie und beschreibt den Zustand, bei dem die zusammengefasste Geburtenziffer eines Gebietes unter 1,3 Kindern je Frau liegt[1] Lowest low fertility ist ein relativ neues… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Lowest Achievable Control Technology — (LAER) is a pollution control standard created by the Environmental Protection Agency and is used to determine what air pollution control technology will be used to control a specific pollutant to a specified limit. At the discretion of the… … Wikipedia
lowest common denominator — lowest .common de nominator n [U] 1.) the biggest possible number of people, including people who are very easily influenced or are willing to accept low standards ▪ Television quiz shows often seem to target the lowest common denominator. 2.)… … Dictionary of contemporary English