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1 Josias
1) Религия: Иосая2) Христианство: Иосия (имя святого) -
2 Josias
n ч. ім'яДжосайяс, Джозайяс -
3 Josías
• Josiah -
4 josias
pm. Jozyas (Albanais). -
5 Josías
m.Josiah. -
6 Иосая
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7 Иосия
1) Religion: Josiah2) Christianity: Josias (имя святого), Joses (имя святого) -
8 Josiah
personnavn \/dʒə(ʊ)ˈsaɪə\/( bibelsk) Josias -
9 Иосия
библ.(царь Южного царства Иудея в 639-609 до н. э., преемник своего отца Ам(м)она, к-рый был убит во время мятежа во дворце) Josiah, Josias -
10 Josiah
s.Josías, Josiah. -
11 μεταλλάσσω
+ V 0-0-0-2-10=12 Est 2,7.20; 1 Ezr 1,29; 2 Mc 4,7.37to change, to alter [τι] Est 2,20; to change one’s life, to die Est 2,7;ὁ μετηλλαχώς the dead 2 Mc 4,37μετήλλαξεν τὸν βίον (Josias) exchanged by leaving, changed his life, died 1 Ezr 1,29; τοῦτον τὸν τρόπον μετήλλαξεν he exchanged this way of life, he died 2 Mc 6,31Cf. SPICQ 1978a, 553-554 -
12 Josiah
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13 Theophilus Presbyter
[br]fl. late eleventh/early twelfth century[br]German author of the most detailed medieval treatise relating to technology.[br]The little that is known of Theophilus is what can be inferred from his great work, De diversis artibus. He was a Benedictine monk and priest living in north-west Germany, probably near an important art centre. He was an educated man, conversant with scholastic philosophy and at the same time a skilled, practising craftsman. Even his identity is obscure: Theophilus is a pseudonym, possibly for Roger of Helmarshausen, for the little that is known of both is in agreement.Evidence in De diversis suggests that it was probably composed during 1110 to 1140. White (see Further Reading) goes on to suggest late 1122 or early 1123, on the grounds that Theophilus only learned of St Bernard of Clairvaulx's diatribe against lavish church ornamentation during the writing of the work, for it is only in the preface to Book 3 that Theophilus seeks to justify his craft. St Bernard's Apologia can be dated late 1122. No other medieval work on art combines the comprehensive range, orderly presentation and attention to detail as does De diversis. It has been described as an encyclopedia of medieval skills and crafts. It also offers the best and often the only description of medieval technology, including the first direct reference to papermaking in the West, the earliest medieval account of bell-founding and the most complete account of organ building. Many metallurgical techniques are described in detail, such as the making of a crucible furnace and bloomery hearth.The treatise is divided into three books, the first on the materials and art of painting, the second on glassmaking, including stained glass, glass vessels and the blown-cylinder method for flat glass, and the final and longest book on metalwork, including working in iron, copper, gold and silver for church use, such as chalices and censers. The main texts are no mere compilations, but reveal the firsthand knowledge that can only be gained by a skilled craftsman. The prefaces to each book present perhaps the only medieval expression of an artist's ideals and how he sees his art in relation to the general scheme of things. For Theophilus, his art is a gift from God and every skill an act of praise and piety. Theophilus is thus an indispensable source for medieval crafts and technology, but there are indications that the work was also well known at the time of its composition and afterwards.[br]BibliographyThe Wolfenbuttel and Vienna manuscripts of De diversis are the earliest, both dating from the first half of the twelfth century, while the British Library copy, in an early thirteenth-century hand, is the most complete. Two incomplete copies from the thirteenth century held at Cambridge and Leipzig offer help in arriving at a definitive edition.There are several references to De diversis in sixteenth-century printed works, such as Cornelius Agrippa (1530) and Josias Simmler (1585). The earliest printed edition ofDe diversis was prepared by G.H.Lessing in 1781 with the title, much used since, Diversarium artium schedula.There are two good recent editions: Theophilus: De diversis artibus. The Various Arts, 1964, trans. with introd. by C.R.Dodwell, London: Thomas Nelson, and On Diverse Arts. The Treatise of Theophilus, 1963, trans. with introd. and notes by J.G.Harthorne and C.S.Smith, Chicago University Press.Further ReadingLynn White, 1962, "Theophilus redivivus", Technology and Culture 5:224–33 (a comparative review of Theophilus (op. cit.) and On Diverse Arts (op. cit.)).LRD
См. также в других словарях:
Josias — ist ein männlicher Vorname, abgeleitet vom hebräischen Josiah mit der Bedeutung „Gott heilt“, „Gott unterstützt“.[1][2] Bekannte Namensträger Joschija (hebr.: יאשיהו, auch Josia; um 647–609 v. Chr.), von 640 bis 609 v. Chr. König des Reiches Juda … Deutsch Wikipedia
Josias — • A pious King of Juda (639 608 B.C.), who ascended the throne when he was only eight years of age. He was the son of Amon and the grandson of Manasses Catholic Encyclopedia. Kevin Knight. 2006. Josias Josias … Catholic encyclopedia
Josías — es un nombre hebreo que significa ‘Yahvéh ha sanado’ o ‘que Yahveh sane’. Uno de los tantos nombres hebreos en cuya composición está el Tetragrámaton (el nombre del Dios judeocristiano Yahvé). En la Biblia aparecen dos personajes con ese nombre:… … Wikipedia Español
Josīas — (des Herrn Grund, u. And. des Herrn Feuer, der sehr Feurige), 1) Sohn des Königs Amon von Juda, folgte seinem Vater 639 u. st. 609 bei Megiddo, wo er von den Ägyptiern geschlagen worden war, s. Hebräer IV.; 2) Friedrich J., dritter Sohn des… … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Josīas — Josīas, Friedrich, Herzog zu Sachsen, berühmter kaiserlicher Feldherr, geb. 26. Dez. 1737 in Koburg, gest. daselbst 26. Febr. 1815, Sohn des Herzogs Josias Franz von Koburg, machte in österreichischen Diensten seit 1759 als Oberst eines… … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Josias [1] — Josias, König von Juda 640–609 v. Chr., ein frommer Herrscher, dessen Regierungszeit mit Recht der letzte Sonnenblick des jüdisch theokratischen Königthumes genannt wird. Er stellte den Tempel zu Jerusalem wieder für die Feier des Jehovacultes… … Herders Conversations-Lexikon
Josias [2] — Josias, Prinz von Sachsen Koburg, geb. 1737, österr. Feldmarschall, in Verbindung mit den Russen 1788 gegen die Türken in der Walachei siegreich, verlor 1794 gegen Jourdan die Schlacht von Fleurus, verließ hierauf den Dienst und starb 1815 zu… … Herders Conversations-Lexikon
JOSIAS — fil. Ammon, successit patri, regnavitqueve in Ierusalem annos 31. Hic iustus, pius Davidis vestigia secutus 12. anno regni sui mundavit Iudam et ierusalem ab excelsis, Et Lucis, simulacrisqueve. et sculptilibus. Ceterum dum pugnat cum Nechaone… … Hofmann J. Lexicon universale
Josias, S. (1) — 1S. Josias Rex (23. Juni). Vom Hebr. Joschijahu = »Feuer Gottes«; nach Gesenius: »den Jehova heilt« – Von den jüdischen Königen Ezechias und Josias sagen die Bollandisten am 23. Juni (IV. 466), daß dieselben nur von Grevenus und Canisius… … Vollständiges Heiligen-Lexikon
Josias — Josiah écoutant la lecture de la loi par Julius Schnorr von Carolsfeld Josias est selon la Bible le successeur d Amon et le 16ème roi de Juda de 640 à 609, année où il est vaincu et mortellement blessé à la bataille de Megiddo contre le pharaon… … Wikipédia en Français
Josias — noun the New Testament Greek form of Josiah. And Josias begat Jechonias and his brethren, about the time they were carried away to Babylon … Wiktionary
