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1 Kind, Karl Gotthelf
SUBJECT AREA: Mining and extraction technology[br]b. 6 June 1801 Linda, near Freiberg, Germanyd. 9 March 1873 Saarbrücken, Germany[br]German engineer, pioneer in deep drilling.[br]The son of an ore miner in Saxony, Kind was engaged in his father's profession for some years before he joined Glenck's drillings for salt at Stotternheim, Thuringia. There in 1835, after trying for five years, he self-reliantly put down a 340 m (1,100 ft) deep well; his success lay in his use of fish joints of a similar construction to those used shortly before by von Oeynhausen in Westphalia. In order to improve their operational possibilities in aquiferous wells, in 1842 he developed his own free-fall device between the rod and the drill, which enabled the chisel to reach the bottom of the hole without hindrance. His invention was patented in France. Four years later, at Mondorf, Luxembourg, he put down a 736 m (2,415 ft) deep borehole, the deepest in the world at that time.Kind contributed further considerable improvements to deep drilling and was the first successfully to replace iron rods with wooden ones, on account of their buoyancy in water. The main reasons for his international reputation were his attempts to bore out shafts, which he carried out for the first time in the region of Forbach, France, in 1848. Three years later he was engaged in the Ruhr area by a Belgian-and English-financed mining company, later the Dahlbusch mining company in Gelsenkirchen, to drill a hole that was later enlarged to 4.4 m (14 1/2 ft) and made watertight by lining. Although he had already taken out a patent for boring and lining shafts in 1849 in Belgium, his wooden support did not qualify. It was the Belgian engineer Joseph Chaudron, in charge of the mining company, who overcame the difficulty of making the bottom of the borehole watertight. In 1854 they jointly founded a shaft-sinking company in Brussels which specialized in aquiferous formations and operated internationally.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsChevalier de la Légion d'honneur 1849.Bibliography1842, Anleitung zum Abteufen von Bohrlöchern, Luxembourg.Further ReadingH.G.Conrad, "Carl Gotthelf Kind", Neue deutsche Biographie 10:613–14.D.Hoffmann, 1959, 150 Jahre Tiefbohrungen in Deutschland, Vienna and Hamburg, pp. 20–5 (assesses his technological achievements).T.Tecklenburg, 1914, Handbuch der Tiefbohrkunde, 2nd end, Vol. VI, Berlin, pp. 36–9 (provides a detailed description of his equipment).J.Chaudron, 1862, "Über die nach dem Kindschen Erdbohrverfahren in Belgien ausgeführten Schachtbohrarbeiten", Berg-und Hüttenmännische Zeitung 21:402–4, (describes his contribution to making Kind's shafts watertight).WK -
2 Mining and extraction technology
See also: INDEX BY SUBJECT AREA[br]Biographical history of technology > Mining and extraction technology
См. также в других словарях:
Gotthelf — ist als Vorname eine Variante von Gotthilf und der Familienname folgender Personen: Allan Gotthelf (*1942), US amerikanischer Philosoph Jeremias Gotthelf (1797–1854; eigtl. Albert Bitzius), Schweizer Schriftsteller und Pfarrer Herta Gotthelf… … Deutsch Wikipedia
Gotthelf — Gotthelf, Jeremias, Pseudonym für Bitzius … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Gotthelf — Gotthelf, Jeremias, Pseudonym des Schriftstellers Albert Bitzius (s. d.) … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Gotthelf — Gotthelf, Jeremias, s. Bitzius, Albert … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon
Gotthelf — Gotthelf, Jeremias, der vortreffliche Volksschriftsteller. st. am 22. Okt. 1854 zu Lützelflühe. und hinterließ als letztes Werk »Die Schicksale einer Pfarrerswittwe«. S. Bitzius … Herders Conversations-Lexikon
Gotthelf — m German: religious name, dating from the 17th century, composed of the elements Gott God + the verbal stem helf, hilf help. Variants: Gotthilf, Helfgott … First names dictionary
Gotthelf — Gọtthelf, Jeremias, eigentlich Albert Bịtzius, schweizerischer Erzähler, * Murten 4. 10. 1797, ✝ Lützelflüh (im Emmental) 22. 10. 1854; aus Altberner Patrizierfamilie, Pfarrerssohn; studierte in Bern und Göttingen Theologie, war später Vikar… … Universal-Lexikon
Gotthelf — 1. Ein Gotthelf ist das meiste, was er gibt. It.: Amico da sternuti, il più che se ne cava è un Dio ti aiuti. (Bohn, I, 70.) 2. Wie das Gotthelf, so s Gottvergelt s. Ruth.: Jakij: Pomahai Boh, take: bodaj zdorow. (Wie Gunst, so Dank.) … Deutsches Sprichwörter-Lexikon
Gotthelf Bergsträßer — (* 5. April 1886 in Oberlosa; † 16. August 1933 bei Berchtesgaden) war einer der bedeutendsten Orientalisten des 20. Jahrhunderts. Inhaltsverzeichnis … Deutsch Wikipedia
Gotthelf Fischer von Waldheim — Johann Gotthelf Fischer von Waldheim (* 13. Oktober 1771 in Waldheim, Sachsen; † 18. Oktober 1853 in Moskau) war ein deutscher Zoologe, Anatom, Entomologe, Paläontol … Deutsch Wikipedia
Gotthelf Bergsträsser — (* 5. April 1886 in Oberlosa; † 16. August 1933 bei Berchtesgaden) war einer der bedeutendsten Orientalisten des 20. Jahrhunderts. Gotthelf Bergsträsser war Sohn eines Pfarrers. Er studierte Philosophie, Sprachwissenschaft und klassische und… … Deutsch Wikipedia