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almagest[´ælmədʒest] n 1. (A.) "Алмагест", астрономическият труд на Птоломей; 2. всеки средновековен труд по астрология, астрономия или алхимия. -
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['ælməʤest]сущ.1) ( the Almagest) "Альмагест" ( труд Птолемея по астрономии)2) ( almagest) крупное сочинение по астрологии, алхимии ( в Средние века) -
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[ʹælmədʒest] n1. «Альмагест» ( трактат Птолемея по астрономии)2. (almagest) название крупных трудов по астрологии или алхимии -
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n1) "Альмагест" ( трактат Птолемея з астрономії) -
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[aelmədžest]nounastronomy almagest, zbirka Ptolomejevih razprav -
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(0) 'альмагест'* * ** * *тж. almagest 1) труд Птолемея по астрономии 2) альмагест ( в средние века крупное сочинение по астрологии или алхимии) -
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Большой англо-русский и русско-английский словарь > Almagest
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[`ælməʤest]труд Птолемея по астрономииальмагест (крупное сочинение по астрологии или алхимии)Англо-русский большой универсальный переводческий словарь > Almagest
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n. 알마게스트, 연금술 저서 -
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مجسطي (نام هيئت بطليموس) -
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s zbirka Ptolomejevih rasprava o astronomiji, glavno astronomsko djelo staroga vijeka -
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s.almagesto. -
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1. n «Альмагест»2. n название крупных трудов по астрологии или алхимии -
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/'ælmədʤest/ * danh từ - sách thiên văn (của Ptô-lê-mi); sách chiêm tinh; sách luyện giả kim -
19 Porta, Giovanni Battista (Giambattista) della
SUBJECT AREA: Steam and internal combustion engines[br]b. between 3 October and 15 November 1535 Vico Equense, near Naples, Italyd. 4 February 1615 Naples, Italy[br]Italian natural philosopher who published many scientific books, one of which covered ideas for the use of steam.[br]Giambattista della Porta spent most of his life in Naples, where some time before 1580 he established the Accademia dei Segreti, which met at his house. In 1611 he was enrolled among the Oziosi in Naples, then the most renowned literary academy. He was examined by the Inquisition, which, although he had become a lay brother of the Jesuits by 1585, banned all further publication of his books between 1592 and 1598.His first book, the Magiae Naturalis, which covered the secrets of nature, was published in 1558. He had been collecting material for it since the age of 15 and he saw that science should not merely represent theory and contemplation but must arrive at practical and experimental expression. In this work he described the hardening of files and pieces of armour on quite a large scale, and it included the best sixteenth-century description of heat treatment for hardening steel. In the 1589 edition of this work he covered ways of improving vision at a distance with concave and convex lenses; although he may have constructed a compound microscope, the history of this instrument effectively begins with Galileo. His theoretical and practical work on lenses paved the way for the telescope and he also explored the properties of parabolic mirrors.In 1563 he published a treatise on cryptography, De Furtivis Liter arum Notis, which he followed in 1566 with another on memory and mnemonic devices, Arte del Ricordare. In 1584 and 1585 he published treatises on horticulture and agriculture based on careful study and practice; in 1586 he published De Humana Physiognomonia, on human physiognomy, and in 1588 a treatise on the physiognomy of plants. In 1593 he published his De Refractione but, probably because of the ban by the Inquisition, no more were produced until the Spiritali in 1601 and his translation of Ptolemy's Almagest in 1605. In 1608 two new works appeared: a short treatise on military fortifications; and the De Distillatione. There was an important work on meteorology in 1610. In 1601 he described a device similar to Hero's mechanisms which opened temple doors, only Porta used steam pressure instead of air to force the water out of its box or container, up a pipe to where it emptied out into a higher container. Under the lower box there was a small steam boiler heated by a fire. He may also have been the first person to realize that condensed steam would form a vacuum, for there is a description of another piece of apparatus where water is drawn up into a container at the top of a long pipe. The container was first filled with steam so that, when cooled, a vacuum would be formed and water drawn up into it. These are the principles on which Thomas Savery's later steam-engine worked.[br]Further ReadingDictionary of Scientific Biography, 1975, Vol. XI, New York: C.Scribner's Sons (contains a full biography).H.W.Dickinson, 1938, A Short History of the Steam Engine, Cambridge University Press (contains an account of his contributions to the early development of the steam-engine).C.Singer (ed.), 1957, A History of Technology, Vol. III, Oxford University Press (contains accounts of some of his other discoveries).I.Asimov (ed.), 1982, Biographical Encyclopaedia of Science and Technology, 2nd edn., New York: Doubleday.G.Sarton, 1957, Six wings: Men of Science in the Renaissance, London: Bodley Head, pp. 85–8.RLH / IMcNBiographical history of technology > Porta, Giovanni Battista (Giambattista) della
См. также в других словарях:
Almagest — Al ma*gest, n. [F. almageste, LL. almageste, Ar. al majist[=i], fr. Gr. ? (sc. ?), the greatest composition.] The celebrated work of Ptolemy of Alexandria, which contains nearly all that is known of the astronomical observations and theories of… … The Collaborative International Dictionary of English
Almăgest — (arab. u. gr., d.i. das große [Werk]), bei den Arabern das große System (μεγάλη σὐνταξις) des Ptolemäos, s.d … Pierer's Universal-Lexikon
Almagést — (Almedschisti; für griech. μεγίστη, »die größte«), der verstümmelte Titel des Lehrgebäudes der Astronomie von Ptolemäos (s. d.) … Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon
Almagést — Almagést, Titel der arab. Übersetzung des astron. Werks (»Syntaxis mathematica«) des Ptolemäus … Kleines Konversations-Lexikon
Almagest — Almagest, arab., das Große, das System des Ptolemäus … Herders Conversations-Lexikon
almagest — (n.) late 14c., title of a treatise on astronomy by Claudius Ptolemy of Alexandria, extended in Middle English to other works on astrology or astronomy, from O.Fr. almageste (13c.), from Arabic al majisti, from al the + Gk. megiste the greatest… … Etymology dictionary
Almagest — [al′mə jest΄] n. [ME < OFr almageste < Ar al majistī < al, the + Gr megistē (syntaxis), greatest (work)] 1. a vast work on astronomy and mathematics compiled by Ptolemy c.A.D. 140 2. [a ] any of several medieval works like this,… … English World dictionary
Almagest — Geometric construction used by Hipparchus in his determination of the distances to the sun and moon. The Almagest is a 2nd century mathematical and astronomical treatise on the apparent motions of the stars and planetary paths. Written in Greek… … Wikipedia
Almagest — Darstellung des ptolemäischen Weltsystems (1661) Almagest (griechisch μαθηματική σύνταξις, arabisch المجسطي, DMG al maǧisṭī) nennt man eines der Hauptwe … Deutsch Wikipedia
Almagést — Darstellung des ptolemäischen Weltsystems (1661) Almagest (griechisch μαθηματική σύνταξις, arabisch المجسطي, DMG al maǧisṭī) nennt man eines der Hauptwerke der antiken Astronomie, das auf den hellen … Deutsch Wikipedia
Almagest — /al meuh jest /, n. 1. (italics) a Greek work on astronomy by Ptolemy. 2. (l.c.) any of various medieval works of a like kind, as on astrology or alchemy. [1350 1400; ME almageste < MF < Ar al the + majisti < Gk megíste (sýntaxis) greatest… … Universalium