84d

ἦπου or [full] ἦ που,

A I ween,

ἦ που σοφὸς ἦν ὅστις ἔφασκεν.. Ar.V. 725

;

ἦ που νέος γ' ὢν ἦσθ' ὑβριστής Id.Th.63

, cf. Il.3.43, 16.830; ironical, S.Aj. 1008, E.Med. 1308; χαλεπὸν πόλιν κατασκευάσασθαι, ἦ που δή.. much more.., Th.1.142; so ἦ που alone, Lys.30.17, Pl.Phd. 84d; ἦ πού γε lsoc.1.49; also ἦ που δή.. much less, prob. in Th.8.27; also

ἦ πού γε δή Id.6.37

: and with a neg.,

ἦ που.. γε.. οὐ δεῖ χρήσασθαι And.1.86

.

II to make a hesitating suggestion, surely.. ? Od. 13.234, A.Pr. 521, Ar.Pl. 970.

ὄχλος, ὁ,

A crowd, throng, Pi.P.4.85, A.Pers.42 (anap.), etc.;

ἐσὄχλον ἕρπειν παρθένοισιν οὐ καλόν E.Or. 108

, cf. Heracl.44; ὁ ὄ. τῶν στρατιωτῶν the mass of the soldiers, X.Cyr.6.1.26, cf. Th.6.64, 7.62;

μηδένα ὄ. Πελοποννησίων νεῶν Id.2.88

; ὄχλῳ in numbers (for an army), Id.1.80;

ὁ μισθοφόρος ὄ. Id.3.109

, cf.4.56; οἱ τοιοῦτοι ὄ. undisciplined masses like these, ib. 126;

ὄ. μᾶλλον ἢ στρατός Hdn.6.7.1

; of the camp-followers, X.An.3.4.26, 4.3.26, etc.

2 in political sense, populace, mob, opp. δῆμος ( people), Th.7.8, cf. Pl.Plt. 304d;

πρὸς ὄχλον ζῶν Id.Ax. 368d

;

οἱ ὁμότιμοι ὤκνουν τὴν τοῦ ὄ. ἰσομοιρίαν X.Cyr.2.2.21

; δικαστηρίων καὶ τῶν ἄλλων ὄ. and popular assemblies (in a contemptuous sense), Pl.Grg. 455a, cf. Euthd. 290a: prov., δι' ὄχλου ἤδη τοῦτό γε this is already in the mouths of the people, D.H.Lys.10, cf. J.BJ2.13.1, 4.9.2.

3 generally, mass, multitude,

ὄ. τὸν πλεῖστον λόγων A.Pr. 827

;

τὸν πλεῖστον ὄ. τῶν πραχθέντων Isoc.12.192

; ἵππων ὄ. E.IA 191 (lyr.);

ἄκριτος ἄστρων ὄ. Critias 19.5

D.;

σαρκῶν Pl.Ti. 75e

: in pl., the masses,

καχεξία τις ὑποδέδυκε τοὺς ὄχλους Diph.24.4

, cf. Men.161.1, 466.4;

πιθανώτεροι οἱ ἀπαίδευτοι ἐν τοῖς ὄ. Arist.Rh. 1395b28

.

II annoyance, trouble,

σχολὴν ὄ. τε μέτριον E. Ion 635

, etc.; ὄχλον παρέχειν to give trouble, Hdt.1.86, cf. E.Med. 337, X.An.3.2.27, Pl.Phd. 84d; δι' ὄχλου εἶναι, γενέσθαι, to be or become troublesome, Ar.Ec. 888, Th.1.73, Pl.Alc.1.103a;

μάταιον ὄ. τοὺς λόγους νομίσητε D.18.214

;

οἱ δὲ ἀντιλέγοντες ὄ. ἄλλως καὶ βασκανία κατεφαίνετο Id.19.24

.

μανθάνω fut. μαθήσομαι LXX; 2 aor. ἔμαθον; impv. pl. μάθετε, ptc. μαθών; perf. 3 sg. μεμάθηκεν Jer 9:4, ptc. pl. μεμαθηκότες Jer 13:23; inf. μεμαθηκέναι Ps 118:7 (Hom.+)

① to gain knowledge or skill by instruction, learn abs. 1 Cor 14:31; 1 Ti 2:11; 2 Ti 3:7. παρά τινος learn from someone as teacher (X., Cyr. 2, 2, 6; Appian, Iber. 23 §89 παρὰ τοῦ θεοῦ μ.; Sextus 353 μ. παρὰ θεοῦ; Philo, Deus Imm. 4; Just., D. 32, 5; 78, 1; Ath. 7:2) vs. 14b; be someone’s disciple (μαθητής) EpilMosq 2. ἀπό τινος from someone (Theognis 1, 28f: Theognis teaches what ‘I myself as a παῖς ἔμαθον ἀπὸ τῶν ἀγαθῶν’; 1, 35; Jos., Ant. 8, 317) Mt 11:29; Col 1:7. W. acc. of the thing learned τὶ someth. 1 Cor 14:35. ταῦτα AcPl Ha 1, 26. πάντα Hs 9, 1, 3 v.l. Teaching Ro 16:17. τὴν θεοσέβειαν τ. Χριστιανῶν Dg 1; cp. 11:2. τὰ δικαιώματα τ. κυρίου the ordinances of the Lord 21:1. τὸν Χριστόν=Christian teaching Eph 4:20 (Chion, Ep. 16, 8 θεὸν ἔμαθες=you have learned to know God; Tat. 2:2 ἕνα τὸν ἀπλανῆ δεσπότην μεμαθήκαμεν). W. attraction of a relative μένε ἐν οἷς (=ἐν τούτοις ἃ) ἔμαθες stick to what you have learned 2 Ti 3:14a. W. obj. to be supplied fr. the context (γράμματα) J 7:15 (Goodsp., Probs. 102–4). μ. τι ἀπό τινος learn someth. from someone 9:9. μ. περὶ πάντων receive instruction concerning all things vs. 7 (περί τινος as Philo, Spec. Leg. 1, 42; Just., D. 87, 1; Ath. 7, 2). μ. τι ἔν τινι learn fr. someone’s example 1 Cor 4:6 (B-D-F §220, 2; Rob. 587).—μ. τι ἀπό τινος learn someth. fr. someth.: ἀπὸ τ. συκῆς μάθετε τ. παραβολήν Mt 24:32; Mk 13:28.—W. ὅτι foll. (Philo, Leg. All. 3, 51) 9:8. W. inf. foll. (Aristoxenus, Fgm. 96 αὐλεῖν) 1 Cl 8:4 (Is 1:17); 57:2. W. indirect question foll. (Just., A I, 40, 5 and D. 32, 2 al.; Mel., P. 46, 328) 1 Cl 21:8. τί ἐστιν what this means Mt 9:13. W. the question preceding (Just., A I, 56, 1) B 5:5; 6:9; 14:4; 16:2, 7; Dg 4:6. Used w. other verbs: ἀκούειν κ. μ. (Pla., Ap. 33b, 7, Ep. 344d; Theocr. 5, 39; Ael. Aristid. 45 p. 33 D. p. 40; cp. Polyb. 3, 32, 9 ὅσῳ διαφέρει τὸ μαθεῖν τοῦ μόνον ἀκούειν, τοσούτῳ …) J 6:45. μ. καὶ παραλαμβάνειν Phil 4:9. οὐδεὶς ἐδύνατο μαθεῖν τ. ᾠδήν no one was able to learn the song (so e.g. Bousset; Allo; REB; NRSV) Rv 14:3; others prefer the related sense understand (as Lysias 10, 15; Pla., Meno 84d, Tht. 174b, Euthyd. 277e); for mng. hear, s. 4 below.

② make the acquaintance of someth., learn

ⓐ learn about, come to know τὸν τοῦ Χριστιανισμοῦ λόγον Christian teaching MPol 10:1. τὶ παρά τινος someth. fr. someone (Sir 8:8f; EpArist 198; Philo, Fuga 8, Leg. All. 3, 194; Jos., Vi. 62; Just., D. 2, 2; 78, 10; Tat. 36, 2) Dg 4:1; Papias (2:3). Take note τὶ of someth. MPol 20:1.

ⓑ find out, ascertain (Trag., X.; PRyl 77, 42; POxy 1067, 6; 1671, 20; LXX) τὶ ἀπό τινος find someth. out fr. someone Gal 3:2. W. ὅτι foll. (Arrian, Anab. 2, 5, 7; Esth 1:1n; Jos., Ant. 12, 208) Ac 23:27. Abs. 16:8.

③ to come to a realization, with implication of taking place less through instruction than through experience or practice, learn, appropriate to oneself: ἔμαθεν ἀφʼ ὧν ἔπαθεν τὴν ὑπακοήν he learned obedience through what he suffered = he realized obedience through suffering Hb 5:8 (for the consonance cp. Aeschyl., Agam. 177 τῷ πάθει μάθος; Hdt. 1, 207, 1 τὰ δέ μοι παθήματα … μαθήματα; schol. on Pla. 222b ἐὰν μὴ πάθῃς, οὐ μὴ μάθῃς; Philo, Fuga 138 ἔμαθον μὲν ὸ̔ ἔπαθον. Further exx. in HWindisch ad loc. and CSpicq, RB 56, ’49, 551.—A similar play on words in Theognis 369f μωμεῖσθαι … μιμεῖσθαι=[they can] find fault [with me, but not] do as I do]).—W. inf. foll. (X., Cyr. 1, 6, 6; Lucian, Dial. Deor. 14, 2; Dt 14:23; Is 2:4; Just., D 15, 1; Ath. 1, 4) τ. ἴδιον οἶκον εὐσεβεῖν 1 Ti 5:4; cp. Tit 3:14. μ. κατὰ Χριστιανισμὸν ζῆν IMg 10:1, cp. IRo 4:3. ἔμαθον ἐν οἷς εἰμὶ αὐτάρκης εἶναι I have learned, in whatever state I am, to be content (s. αὐτάρκης) Phil 4:11. ἀργαὶ μανθάνουσιν περιερχόμεναι τὰς οἰκίας 1 Ti 5:13 presents many difficulties fr. a linguistic point of view. Perh. εἶναι or ζῆν is to be inserted after ἀργαί (X., An. 3, 2, 25 ἂν ἅπαξ μάθωμεν ἀργοὶ ζῆν; so B-D-F §416, 2; Mlt. 229; Dibelius, Hdb./Hermeneia ad loc.). Others substitute λανθάνουσιν by conjecture (e.g. PSchmiedel, ThBl 1, 1922, 222, Zürcher Bibelübers. ’31, appendix to NT, note 12).

④ hear οὐδεὶς ἐδύνατο μαθεῖν τ. ᾠδήν Rv 14:3 according to some this means no one was able to hear the song (Boll 18ff; Lohmeyer; Behm). But s. 1 end.—B. 1222. M-M. TW. Sv.

προσαναπληρόω 1 aor. προσανεπλήρωσα (Aristot.; Diod S 5, 71, 1; 14, 2, 4; Athen. 14, 654d; PTebt 946, 4 [III B.C.]; Wsd 19:4; Philo, Praem. 103. The mid. as early as Pla., Meno 84d; Ath. 17, 2) to fill up or replenish besides, supply τὶ someth. τὰ ὑστερήματά (or τὸ ὑστέρημά) τινος supply someone’s wants 2 Cor 9:12; 11:9 (schol. on Soph., El. 32 p. 100: διὰ τ. διηγήσεως ταύτης τὸ λεῖπον τ. ἱστορίας προσανεπλήρωσεν ἡμῖν).—M-M.