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61 back *****
[bæk]1. n1) (of person) schiena, (of animal) dorso, schienaback to back — di spalle (uno (-a) contro l'altro (-a), schiena contro schiena
behind sb's back — alle spalle di qn, fig alle spalle or dietro le spalle di qn
to break the back of a job Brit — fare il grosso or il peggio di un lavoro
to have one's back to the wall fig — essere or trovarsi con le spalle al muro
2) (as opposed to front) dietro, (of cheque, envelope, medal, page) retro, rovescio, (of head) nuca, (of hand) dorso, (of hall, room) fondo, (of house, car) parte f posteriore, dietro, (of chair) spalliera, schienale m, (of train) codaat the back of my mind was the thought that... — sotto sotto pensavo che...
it's always there at the back of my mind — è sempre lì, non riesco a togliermelo dalla mente
I know Naples like the back of my hand — conosco Napoli come il palmo della mia mano or come le mie tasche
3) Sport terzinoright/left back — terzino destro/sinistro
2. adj attr1) (rear) di dietro, (wheel, seat) posterioreback garden/room — giardino/stanza sul retro (della casa)
back pass Ftbl — passaggio indietro
2) (overdue: rent) arretrato (-a)back payments — arretrati mpl
3. adv1) (again, returning) often ri- + verb2) (in distance) indietro3)some months back — mesi fa or addietro4. vt1)to back the car (into) — entrare (or uscire) in retromarcia (in)2) (support: plan, person, candidate) appoggiare, sostenere, spalleggiare, (financially) finanziarethe union is backing his claim for compensation — il sindacato appoggia la sua domanda di indennizzo
3) (bet on: horse) puntare su5. vi(move: person) indietreggiare, (car) fare marcia indietrohe backed into me — ha fatto un passo indietro e mi è venuto addosso, (in car) mi è venuto addosso a marcia indietro
•- back off- back out- back up -
62 beginning *** be·gin·ning n
[bɪ'ɡɪnɪŋ]inizio, principioat the beginning of the century — all'inizio or al principio del secolo
right from the beginning — fin dal primo momento, fin dall'inizio
start at the beginning and tell me all about it — raccontami tutto (cominciando or a partire) dall'inizio
Buddhism had its beginnings... — il buddismo nacque or ebbe origine...
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63 die out
1) (become extinct) [family, species, tradition, language] scomparire, estinguersi2) (ease off) [ rain] cessare* * *(to cease to exist anywhere: The custom died out during the last century.) scomparire* * *vi + advestinguersi, scomparire* * *1) (become extinct) [family, species, tradition, language] scomparire, estinguersi2) (ease off) [ rain] cessare -
64 expand *** ex·pand
[ɪks'pænd]1. vt(chest, muscles, economy) sviluppare, (market, operations) espandere, (statement, notes) ampliare, (knowledge) approfondire, (horizons) allargare, (influence) estendere2. vithe ceramic industry expanded at the end of the century — l'industria della ceramica si è sviluppata alla fine del secolo
to expand on — (notes, story etc) ampliare, approfondire
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65 in *****
[ɪn]1. prep1) (place, position) inin here — qui dentro
2) (with place names: of town) a, (of region, country) in3) (time: during) in4) (time: in the space of) in, (after) tra, fra5)(manner, means)
a statue carved in wood — una statua intagliata nel legnoin green/a skirt/trousers — vestito (-a) di verde/con una gonna/con i calzoniin red — dipinto (-a) di rossoin large/small quantities — in grandi/piccole quantità
in a loud/soft voice — a voce alta/bassa
6)in the dark(ness) — al buio, nell'oscurità7)8)in a hundred years — una volta ogni cento anniperson/car in ten — una persona/macchina su dieci9) (people, works) in10)11) (after superlative) di12)in saying this — dicendo questo, nel dir questo13)2. advto be in — (person) esserci, (train, ship, plane) essere arrivato (-a), (crops, harvest) essere raccolto (-a), (in fashion) essere di moda, (fam: in power) essere al potere
to have it in for sb fam — avercela con qn
is
he in? — lui c'è?to be in on a plan/secret — essere al corrente di un progetto/segreto
to be in and out of work — non durare mai molto in un impiego
to be in and out of hospital/prison — essere sempre dentro e fuori dall'ospedale/di prigione
3. n4. adjfam in invit's the in thing to do fam — è la cosa 'in' del momento
hang-gliding is the in thing to do — fare del deltaplano è 'in'
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66 leading **** lead·ing adj
['liːdɪŋ](horse, car: in race) (che è) in testa, di testa, (in procession) che apre la sfilata, (chief: member etc) principale, preminente, (Theatre etc: role, character) principale, di primo piano -
67 onward on·ward
['ɒnwəd]1. adj2. adv -
68 painter paint·er
I ['peɪntə(r)] nArt pittore (-trice), (decorator) imbianchino (-a)II ['peɪntə(r)] nthe painter is coming tomorrow to redecorate the house — domani viene l'imbianchino per ridipingere la casa
Naut fune f d'ormeggio -
69 quarter **** quar·ter
['kwɔːtə(r)]1. n1) (fourth part) quarto, (of year) trimestre m2) Am, (Canada: 25 cents) quarto di dollaro, 25 centesimi3)a quarter of an hour — un quarto d'orait's a quarter to or Am of 3 — sono le 3 meno un quarto, manca un quarto alle 3
it's a quarter past or Am after 3 — sono le 3 e un quarto
4) (district) quartiere m5)from all quarters — da tutte le parti or direzioni6)quarters npl — (accommodation) alloggio, Mil quartiere m, (temporary) alloggiamento
7)2. vt1) (divide into four) dividere in quattro (parti)2) Mil alloggiare -
70 turn *****
[tɜːn]1. n1) (rotation) girodone to a turn Culin — cotto a puntino
2) (change of direction: in road) curva"no left turn" — "divieto di svolta a sinistra"
a road full of twists and turns — una strada a zigzag or tutta a curve
at the turn of the year/century — alla fine dell'anno/del secolo
to take a turn for the better — (situation, events) volgere al meglio, (patient, health) migliorare
to take a turn for the worse — (situation, events) volgere al peggio, (patient, health) peggiorare
3) Med attacco, crisi f invhe had a bad turn last night — la scorsa notte ha avuto una crisi or un peggioramento
4) (in series) turnoand he, in turn, said... — e lui, a sua volta, ha detto...
to take turns at (doing) sth; take it in turn(s) to do sth — fare qc a turno
to take/wait/miss one's turn — fare/aspettare/saltare il proprio turno
it's my turn — è il mio turno, tocca me
5) (performance) numero6)to do sb a good turn — rendere un servizio a qn2. vt1) (wheel, handle) girare, (mechanically) far girare2) (also: turn over) (record, mattress, steak) girare, voltare, rivoltarepower/success turned his head — il potere/il successo gli ha dato alla testa
4) (go past, round) girare, voltare5)to turn sb/sth into sth — trasformare qn/qc in qc6) (shape: wood, metal) tornire3. vi1) (rotate) girare, (change direction: person) girarsi, voltarsi, (vehicle) girare, svoltare, (ship) virare, (wind, tide, weather) cambiare, (reverse direction) girarsi indietroto turn and go back — girare or girarsi e tornare indietro
to turn left/right Auto — girare a sinistra/destra
he turned to politics — si è messo in politica, si è dato alla politica
2) (become) diventareto turn into sth — trasformarsi in qc, cambiare in qc•- turn in- turn off- turn on- turn out- turn up -
71 advance
I 1. [əd'vɑːns] [AE -'væns]1) (forward movement) avanzamento m.; mil. avanzata f.; fig. (of civilization, in science) avanzamento m., progresso m.2) (sum of money) anticipo m., acconto m. (on su)3) (increase) aumento m.any advance on Ј 100? — (at auction etc.) 100 sterline, chi offre di più?
4) in advance [book, notify, pay] in anticipo, anticipatamentehere's Ј 30 in advance — ecco 30 sterline di anticipo o in acconto
5) in advance of prima di, in anticipo rispetto a [ person]2.nome plurale advances (sexual) avances f.; (other contexts) approcci m.II 1. [əd'vɑːns] [AE -'væns]to make advances to sb. — (sexually) fare delle avances a qcn
1) (move forward) mandare avanti [ tape]; mettere avanti [ clock]; mil. (far) avanzare [ troops]2) (put forward) avanzare [ theory]4) (move to earlier date) anticipare [time, date] (to a)5) (pay up front) anticipare [ sum] (to a)2.1) (move forward) [ person] avanzare (on, towards verso); mil. [ army] avanzare (on su)2) (progress) [civilization, knowledge] progredire, fare progressi3) (increase) [ prices] aumentare* * *1. verb1) (to move forward: The army advanced towards the town; Our plans are advancing well; He married the boss's daughter to advance (= improve) his chances of promotion.) avanzare2) (to supply (someone) with (money) on credit: The bank will advance you $500.) anticipare2. noun1) (moving forward or progressing: We've halted the enemy's advance; Great advances in medicine have been made in this century.) avanzata2) (a payment made before the normal time: Can I have an advance on my salary?) anticipo3) ((usually in plural) an attempt at (especially sexual) seduction.) avance, approccio3. adjective1) (made etc before the necessary or agreed time: an advance payment.) anticipato2) (made beforehand: an advance booking.) in anticipo, anticipato3) (sent ahead of the main group or force: the advance guard.) (1) avanguardia•- advanced- in advance* * *I 1. [əd'vɑːns] [AE -'væns]1) (forward movement) avanzamento m.; mil. avanzata f.; fig. (of civilization, in science) avanzamento m., progresso m.2) (sum of money) anticipo m., acconto m. (on su)3) (increase) aumento m.any advance on Ј 100? — (at auction etc.) 100 sterline, chi offre di più?
4) in advance [book, notify, pay] in anticipo, anticipatamentehere's Ј 30 in advance — ecco 30 sterline di anticipo o in acconto
5) in advance of prima di, in anticipo rispetto a [ person]2.nome plurale advances (sexual) avances f.; (other contexts) approcci m.II 1. [əd'vɑːns] [AE -'væns]to make advances to sb. — (sexually) fare delle avances a qcn
1) (move forward) mandare avanti [ tape]; mettere avanti [ clock]; mil. (far) avanzare [ troops]2) (put forward) avanzare [ theory]4) (move to earlier date) anticipare [time, date] (to a)5) (pay up front) anticipare [ sum] (to a)2.1) (move forward) [ person] avanzare (on, towards verso); mil. [ army] avanzare (on su)2) (progress) [civilization, knowledge] progredire, fare progressi3) (increase) [ prices] aumentare -
72 calculate
['kælkjʊleɪt]1) (work out) calcolare [cost, distance, price]2) (estimate) valutare, considerare [consequences, effect, probability]3) (intend)to be calculated to do — essere fatto al fine di fare, essere volto a fare
* * *['kælkjuleit](to count or estimate, using numbers: Calculate the number of days in a century.) calcolare- calculation
- calculator* * *['kælkjʊleɪt]1) (work out) calcolare [cost, distance, price]2) (estimate) valutare, considerare [consequences, effect, probability]3) (intend)to be calculated to do — essere fatto al fine di fare, essere volto a fare
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73 conquer
['kɒŋkə(r)]verbo transitivo conquistare [territory, people]; vincere, sconfiggere [enemy, unemployment, disease]; vincere [habit, fear, jealousy]; acquisire [skill, technology]; colmare [ deficit]* * *['koŋkə](to overcome or defeat: The Normans conquered England in the eleventh century; You must conquer your fear of the dark.) conquistare- conquest* * *['kɒŋkə(r)]verbo transitivo conquistare [territory, people]; vincere, sconfiggere [enemy, unemployment, disease]; vincere [habit, fear, jealousy]; acquisire [skill, technology]; colmare [ deficit] -
74 contemporary
[kən'temprərɪ] [AE -pərerɪ] 1.1) (present-day) contemporaneo; (up-to-date) moderno2) (of same period) [style, documents] dell'epoca; [ account] dello stesso periodo2.to be contemporary with — [ event] coincidere con
nome contemporaneo m. (-a)* * *[kən'tempərəri] 1. adjective1) (living at, happening at or belonging to the same period: That chair and the painting are contemporary - they both date from the seventeenth century.) contemporaneo2) (of the present time; modern: contemporary art.) contemporaneo2. noun(a person living at the same time: She was one of my contemporaries at university.) contemporaneo* * *[kən'temprərɪ] [AE -pərerɪ] 1.1) (present-day) contemporaneo; (up-to-date) moderno2) (of same period) [style, documents] dell'epoca; [ account] dello stesso periodo2.to be contemporary with — [ event] coincidere con
nome contemporaneo m. (-a) -
75 decade
-
76 disappear
[ˌdɪsə'pɪə(r)]verbo intransitivo scomparire, sparire, svanire* * *[disə'piə]1) (to vanish from sight: The sun disappeared slowly below the horizon.) sparire2) (to fade out of existence: This custom had disappeared by the end of the century.) scomparire3) (to go away so that other people do not know where one is: A search is being carried out for the boy who disappeared from his home on Monday.) scomparire•* * *[ˌdɪsə'pɪə(r)]verbo intransitivo scomparire, sparire, svanire -
77 early
['ɜːlɪ] 1.1) (one of the first) [attempt, role, play] primo2) (sooner than usual) [ death] prematuro; [delivery, settlement] rapido; [vegetable, fruit] precoce, primaticcioto have an early lunch, night — pranzare, andare a letto presto
at your earliest convenience — form. non appena possibile, con cortese sollecitudine
to make an early start — partire presto o di buonora
2.at an early date — (in future) in data vicina, prossimamente
1) (in period of time) [arrive, book] presto, per tempo; [get up, go to bed] presto, di buonoraearly next year, in the film — all'inizio del prossimo anno, del film
(very) early on — agli inizi o albori
2) (before expected) [arrive, ripen] in anticipoto do sth. two days early — fare qcs. con due giorni di anticipo
••it's early days yet — è solo l'inizio, è presto per dirlo
it's the early bird that catches the worm! — prov. chi dorme non piglia pesci!
* * *['ə:li] 1. adverb1) (near the beginning (of a period of time etc): early in my life; early in the afternoon.) presto2) (sooner than others; sooner than usual; sooner than expected or than the appointed time: He arrived early; She came an hour early.) presto2. adjective1) (belonging to, or happening, near the beginning of a period of time etc: early morning; in the early part of the century.) presto, all'inizio di2) (belonging to the first stages of development: early musical instruments.) primitivo, antico3) (happening etc sooner than usual or than expected: the baby's early arrival; It's too early to get up yet.) prematuro; presto4) (prompt: I hope for an early reply to my letter.) pronto•- early bird* * *['ɜːlɪ] 1.1) (one of the first) [attempt, role, play] primo2) (sooner than usual) [ death] prematuro; [delivery, settlement] rapido; [vegetable, fruit] precoce, primaticcioto have an early lunch, night — pranzare, andare a letto presto
at your earliest convenience — form. non appena possibile, con cortese sollecitudine
to make an early start — partire presto o di buonora
2.at an early date — (in future) in data vicina, prossimamente
1) (in period of time) [arrive, book] presto, per tempo; [get up, go to bed] presto, di buonoraearly next year, in the film — all'inizio del prossimo anno, del film
(very) early on — agli inizi o albori
2) (before expected) [arrive, ripen] in anticipoto do sth. two days early — fare qcs. con due giorni di anticipo
••it's early days yet — è solo l'inizio, è presto per dirlo
it's the early bird that catches the worm! — prov. chi dorme non piglia pesci!
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78 eighties
1) (the period of time between one's eightieth and ninetieth birthdays: He is in his eighties.) tra gli ottanta e i novanta2) (the range of temperatures between eighty and ninety degrees: It was in the eighties yesterday.) tra ottanta e novanta3) (the period of time between the eightieth and ninetieth years of a century: life in the 'eighties/'80s.) anni ottanta -
79 evil
['iːvl] 1.aggettivo [ person] cattivo, maligno; [act, intent] cattivo; [ smell] cattivo, sgradevole; [spirit, genius] malefico2.1) U (wickedness) male m.to speak evil of sb. — parlare male di qcn
2) (bad thing) male m., effetto m. dannoso••to give sb. the evil eye — fare il malocchio a qcn.
to put off the evil hour o day — = rinviare un evento spiacevole
* * *['i:vl] 1. adjective(very bad; wicked; sinful: evil intentions; an evil man; He looks evil; evil deeds; an evil tongue.) cattivo, maligno2. noun1) (wrong-doing, harm or wickedness: He tries to ignore all the evil in the world; Do not speak evil of anyone.) male2) (anything evil, eg crime, misfortune etc: London in the eighteenth century was a place of crime, filth, poverty and other evils.) male•- evil-- evilly
- evilness
- evil-doer* * *['iːvl] 1.aggettivo [ person] cattivo, maligno; [act, intent] cattivo; [ smell] cattivo, sgradevole; [spirit, genius] malefico2.1) U (wickedness) male m.to speak evil of sb. — parlare male di qcn
2) (bad thing) male m., effetto m. dannoso••to give sb. the evil eye — fare il malocchio a qcn.
to put off the evil hour o day — = rinviare un evento spiacevole
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80 fifties
1) (the period of time between one's fiftieth and sixtieth birthdays.) cinquantina2) (the range of temperatures between fifty and sixty degrees.) temperatura tra i cinquanta e i sessanta gradi (Fahrenheit)3) (the period of time between the fiftieth and sixtieth years of a century.) gli anni Cinquanta
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