Перевод: с исландского на английский

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(sign)

  • 1 gefa merki um

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  • 2 ráîa (sig) á samning

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  • 3 skrá sig í

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  • 4 undirrita

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  • 5 TÁKN

    * * *
    n.
    1) token, mark (krossar ok öll heilög tákn);
    2) token, wonder, miracle (nú var þat í annat sinn, at Ólafr konungr gerði fagrt t.).
    * * *
    n., also teikn, [Ulf. taikns = σημειον; Engl. token; A. S. tûcen; Germ. zeichen; Dan. tegn]:—a token, mark; krossa ok öll heilög tákn, Nj. 167; at vér megim betr skilja t́kn hennar, Hom. 51: a zodiacal sign, Barl. 132, Stj. 15.
    2. a token, wonder; göra mörg tákn, to work wonders, 625. 30; tákn þau er sögð vóru frá Ólafi konungi, Fms. v. 104; tákn hennar, Hom. 51; tákn ok stórmerki, passim.

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  • 6 skrá sig inn/út

    sign in/out

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  • 7 SIGNA

    I)
    (að), v. to sink or slide down (honum þótti byrðrin þung signaði hón niðr á bakit).
    (að, or -da, -dr), v.
    1) in a heathen sense, to mark with the sign of Thor’s hammer, to dedicate, to a god (s. full Óðni, Þór);
    2) to sign with the cross, make the sign of the cross over (gengu þeir undir borð ok signdu mat sinn); s. sik, to cross oneself (on the forehead and breast);
    3) to bless; signaðr Ólafr, the blessed O.
    * * *
    in pres. signi; pret, signdi, but also signaði; part. signt and signat. This word occurs in one of the oldest heathen poems, and is applied to a northern heathen rite; it is common to all Teut. languages except Gothic; yet as no ‘laut-verschiebung’ has taken place, it may be borrowed from the Latin, and perhaps came in with the earliest missions, cp. the remarks s. v. prim-signing: or sigr and signa may possibly be kindred words? [Hel. seginon; Germ. segnen; Lat. signare]:—to sign, consecrate; signa e-m e-t:
    I. in a heathen sense, see the remarks on hamarr; signa full, to sign the goblet with the sign of the hammer before drinking, Sdm. 8; enn er hit fyrsta full var skenkt, þá mælti Sigurðr jarl fyrir, ok signaði Óðni … Sigurðr jarl mælti, konungr görir svá sem þeir göra allir, er trúa á mátt sinn ok megin, ok signa full sitt Þór, hann görði hamars-mark yfir áðr hann drakk, Hkr. i. 143; en sá er görði veizluna ok höfðingi var, þá skyldi hann signa fullit ok allan blótmatinn, 139; signdi Bárðr fullit, Eg. 210 (öl þat er Bárróðr signdi, in a verse, l. c.); þar vóru minni öll signuð Á;sum at fornum sið, Ó. H. 102; þá blætr hann heiðnar vættir, ef hann signir fé sitt öðrum en Guði, K. Þ. K.; þeir eru gumnar goðum signaðir, Hdl. 27; skylda ek Vikar goðum of signa. Fas. iii. (in a verse); nú eru hér tólf hreinbjálfar er ek vil þér gefit hafa hefi ek þá svá signaða ok magnaða ( charmed and bewitched) at engan þeirra mun járn bíta, Fb. iii. 245.
    II. to sign with the cross; sem páfinn leit þá, signaði hann þá, Karl. 303; páfinn signdi matinn, 20; gengu þeir undir borð ok signdu mat sinn, Eb. 268; áðr matrinn var signdr, Fms. vii. 159; er hann signdi Dróttinn várn með sinni hendi, 625. 63 (of the sign of the cross in baptism):—signa sik, to sign oneself with a cross on the forehead and breast; þau signdu sik ok sveininn, Nj. 201, Barl. 207; sign þik eigi, Th. 3; þá er hann hefir signt sik, 655 xi. 4; ekki frá ek hann signdi sik, Skiða R. 44; hón signdi sik ok mælti, þetta er úfæra, Grett. 150 new Ed.; Þorsteinn vakti hana, biðr hana signa sik, ok biðja Guð hjálpar, Þorf. Karl. 396.
    2. [Germ. segnen; Dan., Swed., and Norse signe, signa], to bless; henni mun ek bleza ok hana signa, Stj. 115; er Guð signdi ok þangat sendi, Karl. 289; Guð signi yðr! Art.; signi Guð ykkr báða, Skíða R. 118; vel ert þú signuð af sjálfum Guði, Stj. 424; komi þér, vel signaðir (Dan. vel-signet), til míns Föður ríkis, Hom. 156; hins signaða Magnúss, the blessed Magnus. Magn. 512; hans signuðu móður, Th. 25, Rb. 422; signaðr Ólafr, Fms. v. 222; hans signaði líkamr, Th. 28: van-signdr, cursed, Mar.: the word in this sense has been superseded by bleza, q. v.

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  • 8 HAMARR

    (gen. -s, dat. hamri, pl. hamrar), m.
    1) hammer; hann gerði hamar yfir, he made the sign of the hammer over it;
    3) crag, precipice (þar stendr hamarr mikill fyrir þeim); þrítugur hamarr, a crag thirty fathoms high.
    * * *
    m., dat. hamri, pl. hamrar, [A. S. hamor; Engl. hammer; O. H. G. hamar; Germ. and Dan. hammer; Swed. hammare]:—a hammer; h. töng, steði, Edda 9, Vkv. 18, Landn. 212 (in a verse); the thunderbolt was in the northern mythology represented as a hammer,—the hammer Mjölnir, Edda (Sksm.) 15, 26, 28–30, 58, 70, passim, Þkv. passim, Hbl. 47; hann (the idol) var merkðr eptir Þór ok hefir hamar í hendi, Ó. H. 108, O. T. 44; Þrúð-hamarr, the mighty hammer, Ls. 57, 59, 61, 63: the hammer was the holy sign with the heathens, answering to the cross of the Christians, hann görði hamar yfir, he made the sign of the hammer over it, Fms. i. 35; Þórr tók hamarinn Mjölni ok brá upp ok vígði hafr-stökurnar, Edda 28, cp. also Þkv. 30, where the bride and bridegroom were to be marked with the holy sign; hence Þórs-hamarr = the character RUNE which occurs on a few of the earliest heathen Runic stones (e. g. Thorsen, pp. 17, 329), cp. also Ísl. Þjóðs. i. 446; this RUNE is evidently an imitation of the thunderbolt.
    β. the back of an axe, Eg. 769.
    COMPDS: hamargangr, hamarshögg, hamarsmuðr, hamarskalli, hamarskapt, hamarspor.
    II. metaph. a hammer-shaped crag, a crag standing out like an anvil; þar stendr hamarr mikill fyrir þeim, Bs. i. 601; þeir leggja skip sín millum hamra tveggja, Grett. 83, Fas. iii. 257; þrítugr, fertugr … hamarr, a crag thirty, forty … fathoms high, i. 159: so in the saying, kljúfa þrítugan hamarinn til e-s, to split a thirty fathoms’ rock, to make great efforts, to make Herculean efforts in a thing, metaph. from cutting roads through rocks: in pl. hamrar, crags; fluga-hamrar, sjávar-hamrar, sea-crags; ogres were believed to live in crags, hence the phrase, sem genginn út úr hömrum, i. e. looking as wild as a crag-ogre, svá ílliligr sem genginn sé út ór sjávar-hömrum, Nj. 182.
    COMPDS: ( hamar- and hamra-), hamar-tröll, n. a crag-ogre, Grett. (in a verse). hamar-dalr, m. a ravine, Karl. 292. hamar-gnípa, u, f. the peak of a crag, Stj. 134, Fms. v. 323, Þorf. Karl. 414. hamar-klettr, m. a crag (isolated), Fms. ii. 92, Nj. 264, v. l. hamar-klif, n. a craggy cliff, Gísl. 137. hamar-rifa, u, f. a rift in a crag, Fb. iii. 447. hamar-skarð and hamra-skarð, n. a scaur, cleft or ravine, Grett. 132, Gísl. 51, Grág. i. 17. hamar-skúti, a, m. a jutting crag, Nj. 264; gjá-h., q. v.: esp. freq. in local names in Icel. and Norway, Hamarr, Hamrar, Hamra-endar, Hamars-á: in compds, Smá-hamrar, Ein-hamarr, a single crag, Gísl., etc., vide Landn., Fms. xii, Fb. iii.
    2. a kind of mark on sheeps’ ears, prob. of heathen origin, denoting the holy mark of the hammer of Thor: cutting the top of the ear thus UNCERTAIN is called hamar, whence hamar-skora, u, f. a cleft hamar UNCERTAIN; cp. the ditty of Stef. Ól., Hamarinn mér í greipar gékk | það gæfu-markið fína, and hamar-skoru og gloppu-gat | görðu í hægra eyra.
    3. a kind of fish, Edda (Gl.): prop. a false reading for humarr (q. v.), a lobster.

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  • 9 MARK

    * * *
    n.
    1) mark, token, sign; þat er eitt m. um djarfleik hans, one proof of his daring; til marks um e-t, as a token (proof) of;
    2) matter of importance; er þat ekki m., it signifies nothing; lítit m. er at því, it is of little consequence; lítit m. var þá at, er þeir Beli hittust, of no great account was his meeting with B.; at marki, in real earnest, greatly (reiðast at marki);
    3) mark (as a sign of property); kenna sitt m. á e-u, to recognize as one’s own mark; a mark on sheep’s ears (þá var m. Sigfúss á sauðum);
    4) ornamental figure (hón hafði knýtt um sik blæju ok vóru í mörk blá);
    5) boundary mark (skógar m.).
    * * *
    n., pl. mörk, [a word common to all Teut. languages; Ulf. marka = ὅριον; A. S. mearc; Engl. march; Germ., Swed., and Dan. mark; Lat. margo; the original sense is an outline, border, whence are derived mörk, border-land; also merki, merkja, q. v.]:—a landmark; mark milli Grafar ok Bakka, Dipl. ii. 2 (landa-merki); ganga yfir þat mark er náttúran hefir sett, Mar.: a mark for shooting, skjóta til marks, Sks. 379 (mark-bakki).
    II. a mark as a sign of property; kenna sitt mark á e-u, to recognise as one’s own mark, Bs. i. 720.
    2. a mark on sheep’s ears; bregða af marki á sauðum, Grág. i. 397; nú bregðr maðr búi sínu er mark á, ok er honum rétt at ljá öðrum marks, 425; ef maðr leggr alstýfinga-mark á fé sitt, ok varðar fjörbaugs-garð nema honum sé lofat á lögréttu, 426; ef menn taka mark at erfð þá skulu þeir skipta þvi sem öðrum arfi, 422; þat fé gékk með mörkum Þóris, Gullþ. 26: phrases, erfða-mark, a ‘hereditary mark;’ eiga mark saman, Grág. i. 423; nauta-mark, 397.
    COMPD: markatafla.
    III. metaph. a mark, sign; ek vil segja þér eitt til marks um, at …, Nj. 56; ok til marks, at sýna várn góðvilja, Fms. i. 104; ok er þat eigi mark ( that is of no mark) þvíat mér eru hér allar leiðir kunnar, ii. 80; þetta er eigi meira mark, is of no more mark, Mirm.; ok at lítið mark sé at, hverju þú heitr, Fms. vii. 120; ekki er mark at draumum, Sturl. ii. 217; ekki er enn mark at, nær munu vit gangask enn áðr lýkr, i. e. this is nothing, only the beginning, Nj. 176; þat göra hér ungir sveinar er lítið mark mun at þykkja, Edda 32; lítið mark var þá at, er þeir Beli hittusk …, 23; enn er meira mark at of hjörtinn Eikþyrni, 24; þat er eitt mark um lítillæti hans, 81; ok til marks, at þú hefir verit, Fs. 18; sem í þessu marki sýndisk þeir hlutir, at …, Bs. i. 750; dauða-mörk, lífs-mark, q. v.: at marki, adverb, greatly, signally, Karl. 171, 181, 196, Bs. ii. 65.
    IV. spec. usage, of embroidery, woven marks, figures; hón hafði knýtt um sik blæju ok vóru í mörk blá, Ld. 244.
    COMPDS: markadeili, markamót, markaskrá, marksmaðr.

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  • 10 bending

    * * *
    f.
    1) sign, token; gera e-m bending, to make a sign to one;
    2) foreboding, betokenig (víst eru þetta bendingar stórra bardaga).
    * * *
    f., Lat. nutus, a sign, token, Rb. 348, Fms. i. 10; boð ok b., Stj. 36: foreboding, betokening, Fms. vii. 195, Ld. 260.

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  • 11 signa

    I)
    (að), v. to sink or slide down (honum þótti byrðrin þung signaði hón niðr á bakit).
    (að, or -da, -dr), v.
    1) in a heathen sense, to mark with the sign of Thor’s hammer, to dedicate, to a god (s. full Óðni, Þór);
    2) to sign with the cross, make the sign of the cross over (gengu þeir undir borð ok signdu mat sinn); s. sik, to cross oneself (on the forehead and breast);
    3) to bless; signaðr Ólafr, the blessed O.
    * * *
    að, [siga, síga], to glide down; hann hafði band fjrir augum, ok hafði signat nokkut frá augunum, Bret. 90.

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  • 12 vitneskja

    * * *
    f. signal, sign (góð v.).
    * * *
    u, f. a sign, signal; reisa upp háfa stöng til vitneskju, Al. 88; kvað þat vera myndu góða vitneskju ( a good sign) er svá hafði at borizk, Ó. H. 26.
    2. intelligence, information; hafa vitneskju af e-u, to be aware of a fact.

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  • 13 banda

    banda á móti fénu, to drive away the sheep;
    with dat., banda höndum; to wave the hands.
    * * *
    að, [cp. Ulf, bandvian = σημαίνειν and bandva, vexillum; Germ. banner; is probably alien to binda], to make a sign with the hand, esp. in the phrase, b. móti, to drive back sheep or flocks, Háv. 41, Fas. ii. 124, v. l. The chief MSS., however, spell bannaði; the word is at present freq., but only in the above phrase, or gener. to remonstrate slightly against as by waving the hand; v. benda.

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  • 14 BIÐJA

    (bið; bað, báðum; beðinn), v.
    1) to ask, beg a thing of one (biðja e-n e-s);
    inn bið þú hann ganga, ask him to step in;
    with the infin. sign ‘at’, to beg leave;
    biðr hann at fara norðr á Hálogaland, asked for furlough to go to H.;
    with ‘at’ and a subj. (biðja viljum vér, at þú sér í liðsbóninni með oss);
    biðja e-s, to beg for a thing (biðja miskunnar, matar);
    biðja e-m lífs, griða, to beg for one’s life, to sue for quarter for another;
    biðja sér ölmusu, to ask for alms;
    biðja (sér) konu, to ask in marriage;
    biðja fyrir e-m, to intercede (pray) for one;
    2) to pray to God (biðja til guðs);
    biðja bœn sína (bœnar sinnar, bœn sinni), to say one’s prayer;
    3) refl., biðjast fyrir, to say one’s prayers;
    biðjast undan, to excuse oneself (from doing a thing).
    * * *
    bað, báðu, beðit; pres. bið; imperat. bið and biddu; poët. forms with suff. neg. 1st pers. pres. biðkat ek, Gísl. (in a verse): [Ulf. bidian = αιτειν, ερωταν; A. S. biddian; Old Engl. bid, bede (in bedes-man), and ‘ to bid one’s beads;’ Germ. bitten, beten; cp. Lat. petere]:—to beg; with gen. of the thing, dat. of the person; or in old writers with infin. without the particle ‘at;’ or ‘at’ with a subj.:
    α. with infin., Jarl bað þá drepa hann, … bað hann gefa Hallfreði grið, Fms. iii. 25; hann bað alla bíða, Nj. 196; bað þá heila hittast, Eg. 22, Fms. vii. 351; Skapti bað Gizur (acc.) sitja, Nj. 226; Flosi bað alla menn koma, Nj. 196, Hdl. 2; inn bið þú hann ganga, Skm. 16, Ls. 16; b. e-n vera heilan, valere jubere, Gm. 3, Hkv. 1, 2: still so in the Ór. 65 (biðr ek Ólaf bjarga mér) of the end of the 14th century; mod. usage prefers to add the ‘at,’ yet Hallgrímr uses both, e. g. hann bað Pétr með hryggri lund, hjá sér vaka um eina stund, Pass. 4. 6; but, Guð bið eg nú að gefa mér náð, id.
    β. with ‘at’ and a subj., b. viljum vér þik, at þú sér, Nj. 226, Jb. 17: without ‘at,’ Pass. 6. 13, 3. 12.
    γ. with gen., b. matar, Grág. i. 261; er þér þess ekki biðjanda. Eg. 423; b. liðs, liðveizlu, föruneytis, brautargengis, Nj. 226, 223, Ísl. ii. 322; bænar, Fms. iv. 12; b. e-m lífs, griða, góðs, böls, to beg for the life … of one, Háv. 39, Fms. iii. 25, Edda 38, Hm. 127; b. fyrir e-m, to beg, pray for one, Nj. 55; b. e-n til e-s, to request one to do a thing, Grág. i. 450, Fms. v. 34: spec. to court (a lady), propose, with gen. as object of the thing and person here coincide, b. konu, b. sér konu, Eg. 5, Nj. 2, Rm. 37.
    2. to pray (to God), absol., hann bað á þessa lund, Blas. 41; b. til Guðs, Sks. 308, Fms. iii. 48; b. bæn sinni (dat.), to pray one’s prayer, 655 xvi, Hom. 114; b. bæn sína, id., Blas. 50.
    β. reflex., biðjask fyrir, to say one’s prayers, Nj. 196; er svá baðst fyrir at krossi, Landn. 45, 623. 34, Orkn. 51; biðjast undan, to excuse oneself, beg pardon, Fms. vii. 351: the reflex. may resume the infin. sign ‘at,’ and even an active may do so, if used as a substitute for a reflex., e. g. biðr Þórólfr at fara norðr á Hálogaland, Th. asked for furlough to go to H., Eg. 35.

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  • 15 KROSS

    * * *
    (pl. -ar), m.
    1) cross, crucifix;
    2) sign of the cross; í kross, cross-wise, in the form of a cross (leggja hendr í kross; rétta sik í kross).
    * * *
    m.; the earliest poets use the Lat. form, but as masc., helgum crúci, Edda 92 (in a verse); merki crúcis, Líkn. 52, which form remains in the pr. name Krysi-vík, Kryci-vika, q. v.; [like A. S. and Engl. cross, Hel. cruci, Germ. kreuz, Swed.-Dan. kors, from Lat. crux]:—a cross, Bs., N. T., Pass., Vídal. passim.
    2. the holy rood, crucifix, in the Roman Catholic times; Valgarðr braut krossa fyrir Merði ok öll heilög tákn, Nj. 167; taka kross í hönd sér, of one taking an oath, Grág. i. 64; hann lét einn gullkross göra ok síðan vígja, Fms. vi. 142; í bríkum ok krossum, Bs. i. 132. These holy roods were erected on high roads, and worshipped,—hón hafði bæna-hald sitt á Krosshólum, þar lét hón reisa krossa, Landn. 111; þeir höfðu krossa tvá, þá er nú eru í Skarði inu eystra, merkir annarr hæð Ólafs konungs en annarr hæð Hjalta Skeggjasonar, Bs. i. 21: allit., kirkja eðr kross, fara til kirkju eða kross, to go to worship at church or cross, Hom. (St.); hann kom hvárki til kross né kirkju, Art. 21; hafnar-kross, Bs. i. 607, (see höfn); hinn þriðja dag í Jólum at kveldi var hón at krossi, she was worshipping at a cross, 370, cp. 607; kross-smíð, the carving of a cross, Ann. 1334. Many local names bear witness to this cross-worship, which answers to the hörgar of the heathen age, cp. the passage in Landn. l. c.; Þorkell er svá baðsk fyrir at krossi, gott ey gömlum manni, gott ey ungum manni, Landn. 45. Kross, Kross-á, Krossár-dalr, Kross-áss, Krossa-nes, Krossa-vík (whence Krossvíkingar, Ísl. ii), Kross-holt, Kross-hólar, Kross-sund, as also Krysi-vík (q. v.) in southern Icel., prob. from a harbour cross being erected there, Landn., Sturl., the map of Icel., cp. Engl. and Scot. Holy Rood:—the name of several ancient poems, Kross-drápa, Kross-vísur. 3. the sign of the cross (signa or signa sig); Skíði görði skyndi-kross skjótt með sinni loppu, Skíða R. 125; í kross, adv. cross-wise, in form of a cross; þat kallaði hann svá er í kross var sprungit, Glúm. 383; ok var hvártveggi brenndr í kross, Nj. 209; þat hafði hann helzt til trúar, at hann blés í kross yfir drykk sínum, Fs. 103.
    4. a cross used to summon people to a meeting (the Scot. Fiery cross), called skera kross, Grág. i. 166, 446, 447, N. G. L. i. 11, 348, 378, answering to the heathen her-ör.
    COMPDS: krossalauss, krossband, krossbinda, krossbúza, krossdúkr, krossfall, krossfé, krossferill, krossför, Krossgildi, krossgötur, krosshús, krossmaðr, krossmaðra, krossmark, krossmerki, Krossmessa, krossmessudagr, krosspísl, KrossSaga, krossskjöldr, krossskurðr, krosstákn, krosstíðir, krosstré, krossurt, krossvarða, krossvegr, krossviðr, krossvíti.

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  • 16 krossa

    refl., krossast, to take the cross (as a crusader).
    * * *
    að, to sign with a cross, passim, as also to erect a cross; krossa lóð, to mark a field with the cross, as a sign that it is to be put up for sale, N. G. L. i. 37: reflex. to take the cross as a crusader, Fms. xi. 351; krossaðr til útferðar, id.

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  • 17 KUML

    n.
    1) mark, sign, badge;
    2) sepulchral monument, cairn (þau liggja bæði í kumli).
    * * *
    kumbl, kubl, n. This word is chiefly interesting because of its frequent occurrence on the old Dan. and Swed. Runic stones, where it is always used in plur.; the spelling varies, kuml, kubl, or kumbl; in old Icel. writers it only occurs a few times, and they even use the sing.; it is now quite obsolete:
    I. prop. a sign, badge, mark, [A. S. cumbol; Hel. cumbal and cumbl = signum], a war badge, esp. used of any heraldic emblems; yet in the Scandin. language this sense is rare,—kuml konunga ór kerum valdi, Gh. 7; kumbla-smiðr, a ‘cumbol’ smith, Akv. 24; the compd her-kuml, the badge worn on the helmet; jötun-k., the giant’s mark, i. e. the badge of being the giant’s kinsman, Fas. ii. (in a verse); and lastly in ör-kuml, a lasting scar, maiming for life, cp. kumla below.
    II. in Scandinavia, analogous to the Gr. σημα, kuml came to mean ‘a monument,’ a cairn, how; in the phrase, göra kuml (kubl), synonymous to göra mark, merki, which also occurs (e. g. Baut. 138, 214, 461, 722, 1143); kuml is the general term, opp. to stain, rúnar, which are special terms; thus distinction is made between stain and kuml, Baut. 771:
    1. on Runic stones,
    α. on Danish stones, Tuki raisþi stain þausi ok gaurþi kubl, Rafn 213; Asfriþr görþi kumbl þaun, Thorsen 43; kubl þusi, 23; Þurnumdr niout (i. e. njót!) kubls, Th. enjoy thy kuml! rest in peace! 265; Ala sunir garþu kubl þausi aft faþur sinn, Rafn 193; siþi sá mannr es þausi kubl upp briuti, a curse be on the man that breaks this k., 205; Usk garþi kumbl þisi, 202; Haraldr kunungr baþ gaurva kubl þausi at Gurm faþur sinn, 39, (Jellinge.)
    β. on Swedish stones, garþi kubl þisi aftir Svin sun sinn, Rafn 35; garþu kuml sniallir sunir Hulmlaugar, Baut. 759; ma igi brautar kubl batra varþa, a better road kuml cannot be, 41, (see the remarks under bautasteinn); Ketill risþi kuml þiasi aftir Val, 1027; Finniþr garþi kuml þaisi aftir Gairbiurn faþur sinn, 824; kuml garþi þatsi Ketil slagr, 771; Usk let gaura kuml, likhus ok bru at sun sinn, 735, 1100; þau risþu ( raised) kuml þisi, 886.
    2. in Icel. a cairn; en mannföll þessi eru sögð eptir kumlum þeim er fundin eru, þar er bardagarnir hafa verit, Gullþ. 25; þar fell Þórarinn krókr, ok þeir fjórir, en sjau menn af Steinólfi, þar eru kuml þeirra, Landn. 128; þar féll Skeggbjörn ok átta menn aðrir, þar er haugr Skeggbjarnar á fitinni, en aðrir vóru jarðaðir í Landraugs-holti þar hjá fitinni, ok sér þar enn görla kumlin, Bs. (Kristni S.) i. 15; ok reimt þykkir þar síðan vera hjá kumlum þeirra, Ísl. ii. 115: in sing., þau liggja bæði í kumli í Laxárdal, Ld. 158; Þorkell vill nú bera aptr sverðit í kumlit, … saxit var ok upp tekit ór kumli Nafars, Rd. ch. 19; þá gekk hann í dalverpi lítið ok fann þar kuml manns, þar þreifaði hann niðr fyrir fætr sér, ok fann þar manns bein ok sverð eitt, Draum. 129. The worship of hows and cairns was forbidden even in the heathen age as being connected with sorcery, see haugr, hörgr, whence blætr kumbla, a worshipper of cairns, a wizard, warlock, a term of abuse, Eg. (in a verse); kumla brjótr, Korm. S., is also prob. a false reading for bljótr or blœtr.
    III. in provinc. Icel. a low hayrick is called kuml; cp. also kumbaldi.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > KUML

  • 18 MERKI

    * * *
    (gen. pl. merkja), n.
    2) banner, standard (tók merkit af stönginni);
    3) mark, token, sign (mun þat til merkja, at þeir Grímr munu heim koma); þessir menn, er náliga vóru með øngum merkjum, of no mark, distinction;
    4) remains, traces (þeir lögðu ok garðinn sem enn sér m.).
    * * *
    n., gen. pl. merkja, dat. merkjum, [mark]:—a landmark, boundary, esp. in pl., Grág. ii. 213, 216, 223, 279, 285, N. G. L. i. 41, 307, passim; also landa-merki, q. v.: sing. a mark, færa mark til síns merkis, Grág. i. 416.
    2. a milit. term, a banner, standard, Nj. 127, Eg. 88, 268, Fms. vi. 334–336, 406, 407, 412, 413, 419, ix. 25; mælti hann til Halldórs Snorrasonar, at hann skyldi djarfliga bera fram merkit, Halldórr svarar heldr styggliga, beri héri merki fyrir þér rögum! vi. 159: for a classical passage as to a charmed standard (a raven), see Orkn. ch. 11, cp. Þorst. Síðu H. ch. 2, Nj. 158 (in the battle of Clontarf), as also Ó. H. (1853) ch. 201, 219, 221, 225, 227: a standard for procession in churches, Vm. 22, 52, Pm. 66.
    II. a mark, token, sign; ok mun þat til merkja, at þeir Grímr munu heim koma, Nj. 197; ok hefir þat orðit til merkja, at, Eg. 766; þessir menn er náliga vóru með öngum merkjum, of no mark, distinction, Fms. xi. 261; merki munu þér at þykkja ef ek segi þér frá honum, Edda 47.
    2. signification, importance; mikil merki í þessi tölu, Hom. 72; þau hafa mörg merki í sér, 51; þeirra manna er nokkut merki ( distinction) var at, Sturl. i. 186.
    3. remains, traces; hennar merki má hvergi sjá, Al. 93; þeir lögðu ok garðinn sem enn sér merki, Eb. 132; vil ek sjá þau merki er þar hafa orðit, Ó. H. 238.
    COMPDS: merkisburðr, merkismaðr.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > MERKI

  • 19 merking

    * * *
    (pl. -ar), f.
    2) mark, sign;
    * * *
    f. marking, the act, Grág. ii. 311.
    2. a mark, sign, Skálda 179, Rb. 4; þér berit m. þess dómanda er koma mun at efsta dómi, you bear the mark, i. e. you represent on earth the judge in the day of judgment, Fms. vii. 37; merkingar afl, signification, Skálda 187; merkingar skilning, Stj. 29; með merkingum eða skýringum, id.
    3. sense, signification, psssim in mod. usage.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > merking

  • 20 prim-signa

    d and að, [Lat., an eccl. word], to give the ‘prima signatio’ or ‘signaculum crucis’ a religious act, preliminary to christening; persons thus signed with the cross were catechumens, and if adults they could join in the social life among Christians; they were also admitted to a special part of the mass (primsigndra messa = the mass for the ‘prime-signed’), whereas all intercourse with heathens was forbidden. An infant who died, having received the prima signatio, but not baptism, was to be buried in the outskirts of the churchyard, where the consecrated and unconsecrated earth meet, and without burial service,—ef barn andask primsignt, ok hefir eigi verit skírt (primsignt ok hefir eigi meiri skírn, Sb. l. c.) ok skal þat grafa við kirkju-garð út, þar er mætisk vígð mold ok úvígð, ok syngva eigi legsöng yfir, K. Þ. K. (Kb.) 7. A monster-shapen infant was to receive the prima signatio, but not baptism, and then to be left to die (exposed) at the church door—þat barn (a monster-child) skal ok til kirkju bera, láta primsigna, leggja fyrir kirkju-dyr, gæti inn nánasti niðr til þess er önd er ór, N. G. L. i. 339; í þessi efan primsigni prestr ok skíri, iii. 251; hann primsignaði hann fyrst ok skírði hann síðan eptir siðvenju, Barl. 147. The words in the English Prayer Book—‘and do sign him (her) with the sign of the cross’—are remains of the ‘signaculum crucis’ of the ancient church. During the heathen age the Scandinavian merchants and warriors who served among Christians abroad in England or Germany used to take the prima signatio, for it enabled them to live both among Christians and heathens without receiving baptism and forsaking their old faith; ek em primsigndr at eins en eigi skírðr, I am ‘prime-signed,’ but not baptized, Fms. ii. 240, Valla L. 205, Kristni S. ch. 1, 2, Fb. i. 346, 357, ii. 137, 243; England var Kristið ok hafði lengi verit þá er þetta var tíðenda, Aðalsteinn konungr var vel Kristinn … hann bað Þórólf ok þá bræðr at þeir skyldi láta primsignask, þvíat þat var þá mikill siðr, bæði með kaupmönnum ok þeim er á mála gengu með Kristnum mönnum, þvíat þeir menn, er primsigndir vóru, höfðu allt samneyti við Kristna menn ok svá heiðna, en höfðu þat at átrúnaði er þeim var skapfeldast, Eg. 265, Gísl. 96: see also Vita Anscarii, ch. 24. These ‘prime-signed’ men, returning to their native land, brought with them the first notions of Christianity into the heathen Northern countries, having lived among Christians, and seen their daily life and worship, and they undoubtedly paved the way for the final acceptance of the Christian faith among their countrymen. It may even be that some strange heathen rites of the last days of paganism, such as the bjannak (q. v.), the sprinkling of infants with water, were due to this cause.

    Íslensk-ensk orðabók > prim-signa

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