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(explain)

  • 1 pojasniti

    clarify, enlighten, explain

    Slovenian-english dictionary > pojasniti

  • 2 berstъ

    berstъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: b/c Proto-Slavic meaning: `elm'
    Page in Trubačev: I 199-200
    Russian:
    bérest `elm' [m o], béresta [Gens] \{1\}
    Belorussian:
    bérast `elm' [m o], bérasta [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    bérest `elm' [m o], béresta [Gens]
    Czech:
    břest `elm' [m o]
    Slovak:
    brest `elm' [m o]
    Polish:
    brzost `elm' [m o];
    brzóst (dial.) `elm' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    brȉjest `elm' [m o], brijèsta [Gens];
    Čak. brĩst (Vrgada) `a herb similar to rosemary' [m o], brīstȁ [Gens];
    brést (Novi) `elm' [m o], brēstȁ [Gens];
    Čak. briȇs (Orbanići) `elm' [m o], brȅsta [Gens]
    Slovene:
    brẹ́st `elm' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    brjast `elm' [m o];
    brest `elm' [m o]
    Comments: If we assume that * berstъ is cognate with -> *bèrza, which has an acute root, we must explain the variant belonging AP (b). In my view, a form bʰerHǵ-tó- (admittedly with slightly unexpected end-stress) would remain oxytone in Balto-Slavic, in which case the root would be affected by the Proto-Slavic loss of pretonic laryngeals. As I consider it possible that the generalization of accentual mobility in masculine o-stems with a non-acute root vowel did not apply to the marginal class of Balto-Slavic oxytona, Illič-Svityč's reconstruction of a substantivized neuter adjective is not necessarily correct.
    Other cognates:
    Go. bairhts `bright, clear' [adj]
    Notes:
    \{1\} Illič-Svityč (1963: 52), mentions a Gsg. berestá (dial.).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > berstъ

  • 3 čakati

    čakati Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `wait, await, expect'
    Page in Trubačev: IV 13
    Old Czech:
    čakati `wait, await' [verb]
    Slovak:
    čakat' `wait, await' [verb]
    Polish:
    czakać (Sil. dial.) `wait, await' [verb]
    Old Polish:
    czakać `wait, await' [verb]
    Upper Sorbian:
    čakać `wait, await' [verb]
    Lower Sorbian:
    čakaś `wait, await' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    čȁkati (RJA) `wait, await, expect' [verb];
    Kajk. čȍkati (Bednja) `wait, await, expect' [verb], čȃokam [1sg]
    Slovene:
    čákati `wait, await' [verb], čákam [1sg]
    Bulgarian:
    čákam `wait, await' [verb]
    Comments: It is tempting to assume that * čakati and -> * čajati contain the same basic root (cf. Meillet 1902-1905: 163), but this hypothesis does not explain the variation between * čakati and -> * čekati.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > čakati

  • 4 drozdъ

    drozdъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c (/b?) Proto-Slavic meaning: `thrush'
    Page in Trubačev: V 126-127
    Russian:
    drozd `thrush, (čërnyj d. ) blackbird' [m o], drozdá [Gens] \{1\}
    Ukrainian:
    drizd `thrush' [m o], drozdá [Gens]
    Czech:
    drozd `thrush' [m o]
    Slovak:
    drozd `thrush' [m o]
    Polish:
    drozd `thrush' [m o]
    Slovincian:
    drȯ́u̯zd `thrush' [m o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    drȏzd `thrush' [m o];
    drȏzak `thrush' [m o], drȏzga [Gens];
    drȏzak `thrush' [m o], drȍzga [Gens];
    Čak. drȍzak `thrush' [m o], drȍzga [Accs]
    Slovene:
    drǫ̑zd `thrush' [m o];
    drǫ̑zg `thrush, (črni d. ) blackbird' [m o]
    Bulgarian:
    drozd `thrush, (coll.) blackbird' [m o]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: trozdós
    Lithuanian:
    strãzdas `thrush, (juodasis s.) blackbird, (dial.) starling' [m o] 4
    Latvian:
    strazds `thrush, (melnais s.) blackbird, (mājas s. ) starling' [m o]
    Old Prussian:
    tresde `thrush'
    Indo-European reconstruction: trozd-o-
    Comments: In order to explain why * drozdъ was not, or rather only partly affected by the generalization of accentual mobilty in masculine o-stems, Illič-Svityč (1963: 45) reconstructs an u -stem, referring to OIc. ʮrǫstr < *-uz. I am inclined to consider the possibility that owing to the cluster - zd-, which prevented the Balto-Slavic retraction called Ebeling's law, *drozdъ belonged to a marginal oxytone type that in principle merged with AP (b). In that case it is no longer necessary to posit a u-stem. It must be said, by the way, that the evidence for AP (c) seems to outweigh the evidence for (c).
    Other cognates:
    Lat. turdus `thrush'
    ;
    OIr. truit `thrush' [f] \{2\};
    OIc. ʮrǫstr `thrush'
    Notes:
    \{1\} AP (c) in Old Russian (Zaliznjak 1985: 137). \{2\} OIr. also truid, druid.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > drozdъ

  • 5 emešь

    emešь; emežь Grammatical information: m. jo Proto-Slavic meaning: `ploughshare, plough'
    Page in Trubačev: -
    Church Slavic:
    lemešь (Bes.) `plough' [m jo]
    Russian:
    oméš `ploughshare' [m jo];
    oméž `ploughshare' [m jo];
    ómež `ploughshare' [m jo]
    Polish:
    jemiesz (dial.) `ploughshare' [m jo]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jèmeš (dial.) `plough' [m jo];
    jèmlješ (dial.) `plough' [m jo]
    Bulgarian:
    émeš `ploughshare' [m jo];
    émež `ploughshare' [m jo];
    eméž `ploughshare' [m jo];
    ímež `ploughshare' [m jo]
    Macedonian:
    émeš (dial.) `plough' [m jo]
    Page in Pokorny: 674
    Comments: In order to explain the variation between initial l- and initial j-/0- Popowska-Taborska (1984) has proposed a change l'- > j-. This seems unlikely.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > emešь

  • 6 emežь

    emešь; emežь Grammatical information: m. jo Proto-Slavic meaning: `ploughshare, plough'
    Page in Trubačev: -
    Church Slavic:
    lemešь (Bes.) `plough' [m jo]
    Russian:
    oméš `ploughshare' [m jo];
    oméž `ploughshare' [m jo];
    ómež `ploughshare' [m jo]
    Polish:
    jemiesz (dial.) `ploughshare' [m jo]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    jèmeš (dial.) `plough' [m jo];
    jèmlješ (dial.) `plough' [m jo]
    Bulgarian:
    émeš `ploughshare' [m jo];
    émež `ploughshare' [m jo];
    eméž `ploughshare' [m jo];
    ímež `ploughshare' [m jo]
    Macedonian:
    émeš (dial.) `plough' [m jo]
    Page in Pokorny: 674
    Comments: In order to explain the variation between initial l- and initial j-/0- Popowska-Taborska (1984) has proposed a change l'- > j-. This seems unlikely.

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > emežь

  • 7 sъdòrvъ

    sъdòrvъ Grammatical information: adj. o Accent paradigm: a Proto-Slavic meaning: `healthy'
    Old Church Slavic:
    sъdravъ `healthy' [adj o]
    Russian:
    zdoróvyj `healthy' [adj o];
    zdoróv `healthy' [adj o], zdorová [Nomsf], zdorovó [Nomsn] \{1\}
    Old Russian:
    zdorovъ `healthy' [adj o];
    storovъ (Novg.) `healthy' [adj o]
    Czech:
    zdravý `healthy' [adj o]
    Slovak:
    zdravý `healthy' [adj o]
    Polish:
    zdrowy `healthy' [adj o]
    Old Polish:
    strowy (Gn.) `healthy' [adj o]
    Upper Sorbian:
    strowy `healthy' [adj o]
    Lower Sorbian:
    strowy `healthy' [adj o]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    zdrȁv `healthy' [adj o];
    Čak. zdrå̃v `healthy' [adj o], zdrȁva [Nomsf], zdravȁ [Nomsf];
    Čak. zdrãf `healthy' [adj o], zdrȁva [Nomsf], zdrȁvo [Nomsn]
    Slovene:
    zdràv `healthy' [adj o], zdráva [Nomsf]
    Bulgarian:
    zdrav `healthy' [adj o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₁su-dʰor-uo-
    Comments: A reconstruction *h₁su-dor(H)uo- - with the root of * dervo - would leave us with the problem why Winter's law did not affect the first member of the compound, cf. Lith. sū́drus `thick, dense'. It seems to me that Meillet's etymology (1902-1905: 364), according to which * sъdravъ is cognate with Skt. dhruvá- `firm, solid' and Av. druua- `in good health' is preferable. To explain the prosodic characteristics of the noun one could posit a seṭ variant *dʰorH- (cf. Le Feuvre 2006: 240-241), but this is not necessary, as *sъdòrvъ may originate from *sъ̀dorvъ as a result of Dybo's law, cf. Ru. ogoród `kitchen-garden'.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. dhruvá- `fixed, firm' [adj];
    Av. druua- `healthy' [adj]
    Notes:
    \{1\} AP (a) in Old Russian (Zaliznjak 1985: 133).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > sъdòrvъ

  • 8 vьdovà

    vьdovà Grammatical information: f. ā Accent paradigm: b Proto-Slavic meaning: `widow'
    Old Church Slavic:
    vъdova `widow' [f ā];
    vъdovica `widow' [f jā] \{1\}
    Russian:
    vdová `widow' [f ā], vdovú [Accs]
    Czech:
    vdova `widow' [f ā]
    Slovak:
    vdova `widow' [f ā]
    Polish:
    wdowa `widow' [f ā]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    udòvica `widow' [f jā];
    Čak. udovȉca (Vrgada, Orbanići) `widow' [f jā]
    Slovene:
    vdọ̑va `widow' [f ā]
    Bulgarian:
    vdovíca `widow' [f jā]
    Proto-Balto-Slavic reconstruction: u̯ideuH
    Old Prussian:
    widdewū `widow'
    Indo-European reconstruction: h₁uidʰ-(e)uh₂-
    Comments: According to Kortlandt (1997: 161), this etymon continues a hysterodynamic uh₂-stem. In his view, the e-grade of the Asg. must have spread to the Nsg at an early stage of Balto-Slavic, i.e. before the development *eu > *ou before a vowel because otherwise the medial front vowel of OPr. widdewū is hard to explain.
    Other cognates:
    Skt. vidhávā- (RV+) `widow' [f];
    Gk. ἠίθεος `unmarried youth'
    ;
    Lat. uidua `widow' [f];
    OIr. fedb `widow' [f];
    Go. widuwo `widow' [f]
    Notes:
    \{1\} Variants with ь are rare in both vъdova (1: 12) and its more frequent synonym vъdovica (3: 35).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > vьdovà

  • 9 xoditi

    xoditi Grammatical information: v. Proto-Slavic meaning: `go, walk'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 48-49
    Old Church Slavic:
    xoditi `go, walk' [verb], xoždǫ [1sg]
    Russian:
    xodít' `go, walk' [verb], xožú [1sg], xódit [3sg]
    Czech:
    choditi `go, walk' [verb]
    Slovak:
    chodit' `go, walk' [verb]
    Polish:
    chodzić `go, walk' [verb]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    hòditi `go, walk' [verb], hȍdīm [1sg];
    Čak. hodȉti (Vrgada) `go, walk' [verb];
    Čak. hodȉt (Orbanići) `go, walk' [verb], hȍdin [1sg]
    Slovene:
    hóditi `go, walk' [verb], hǫ́dim [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    xódja `go, walk' [verb]
    Indo-European reconstruction: sod-
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 884
    Comments: The initial x is thought to have originated after prefixes triggering the "ruki-rule" (e.g. pri-, u-). In order to explain the absence of the effects of Winter's law, Kortlandt assumes that xoditi replaces a reduplicated present *sizd-, where the law would not apply (Kortlandt 1988: 394).
    Other cognates:
    Gk. ὁδεύω `wander' [verb];
    Av. āsnaoiti `approaches' [verb]

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > xoditi

  • 10 xȏdъ

    xȏdъ Grammatical information: m. o Accent paradigm: c Proto-Slavic meaning: `motion, movement'
    Page in Trubačev: VIII 51-52
    Old Church Slavic:
    xodъ (Supr.) `motion, movement' [m o]
    Russian:
    xod `motion, movement' [m o], xóda [Gens]
    Ukrainian:
    xid `motion, movement' [m o], xóda [Gens]
    Czech:
    chod `motion, movement, walking' [m o]
    Slovak:
    chod `motion, movement, walk' [m o]
    Polish:
    chód `motion, movement, walking' [m o], chodu [Gens]
    Serbo-Croatian:
    hȏd `motion, movement, speed' [m o], hȍda [Gens];
    Čak. hȏd (Vrgada) `motion, movement, speed' [m o], hȍda [Gens];
    Čak. huȏt (Orbanići) `walk, walking' [m o], hȍda [Gens]
    Slovene:
    hòd `motion, movement, walking' [m o], hóda [Gens];
    hǫ̑d `motion, movement, walking' [m o], hodȃ [Gens]
    Bulgarian:
    xod `motion, movement, step' [m o]
    Indo-European reconstruction: sod-o- \{1\}
    Certainty: +
    Page in Pokorny: 884
    Other cognates:
    Gk. ὁδός `wander' [verb]
    Notes:
    \{1\} The initial x is thought to have originated after prefixes triggering the "ruki-rule" (e.g. pri-, u-). In order to explain the absence of the effects of Winter's law, Kortlandt assumes that xoditi replaces a reduplicated present *sizd-, where the law would not apply (Kortlandt 1988: 394).

    Slovenščina-angleščina big slovar > xȏdъ

См. также в других словарях:

  • explain — 1 Explain, expound, explicate, elucidate, interpret, construe are comparable when they mean to make oneself or another understand the meaning of something. Explain, the most general term, implies a making of something plain or intelligible to… …   New Dictionary of Synonyms

  • Explain — Ex*plain ([e^]ks*pl[=a]n ), v. t. [imp. & p. p. {Explained}([e^]ks*pl[=a]nd ); p. pr. & vb. n. {Explaining}.] [L. explandare to flatten, spread out, explain; ex out + plandare to make level or plain, planus plain: cf. OF. esplaner, explaner. See… …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • explain — [ek splān′, iksplān′] vt. [ME explanen < L explanare, to flatten < ex , out + planare, to make level < planus, level (see PLANE2): sp. infl. by PLAIN1] 1. to make clear, plain, or understandable 2. to give the meaning or interpretation… …   English World dictionary

  • explain — (v.) early 15c., from L. explanare to make level, smooth out; also to explain, make clear (see EXPLANATION (Cf. explanation)). Originally explane, spelling altered by influence of plain. In 17c., occasionally used more literally, of the unfolding …   Etymology dictionary

  • explain — ► VERB 1) make clear by giving a detailed description. 2) give a reason or justification for. 3) (explain oneself) excuse or justify one s motives or conduct. 4) (explain away) minimize the significance of (something awkward) by giving an excuse… …   English terms dictionary

  • Explain — Ex*plain , v. i. To give an explanation. [1913 Webster] …   The Collaborative International Dictionary of English

  • explain — I verb account for, annotate, assign a meaning to, cause to be understood, clarify, clear of obscurity, clear up, decipher, define, demonstrate, describe, disentangle, elucidate, enlighten, enucleate, exemplify, expedire, explanare, explicate,… …   Law dictionary

  • explain — [v] make clear; give a reason for account for, analyze, annotate, break down, bring out, clarify, clear up, construe, decipher, define, demonstrate, describe, diagram, disclose, elucidate, excuse, explicate, expound, get across*, go into detail,… …   New thesaurus

  • explain — ex|plain W1S1 [ıkˈspleın] v [I and T] [Date: 1500 1600; : Latin; Origin: explanare to make level, unfold , from planus level, flat ] 1.) to tell someone about something in a way that is clear or easy to understand ▪ Our lawyer carefully explained …   Dictionary of contemporary English

  • explain — ex|plain [ ık spleın ] verb *** 1. ) transitive to tell someone something in a way that helps them understand it better: My full name is Juliet Avery, Juliet explained patiently. explain something to someone: The doctor explained the risks to me… …   Usage of the words and phrases in modern English

  • explain */*/*/ — UK [ɪkˈspleɪn] / US verb Word forms explain : present tense I/you/we/they explain he/she/it explains present participle explaining past tense explained past participle explained 1) a) [transitive] to tell someone something in a way that helps… …   English dictionary

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