ὠρόμην

ὄρνυμι

ṛṇóti: aor ind mid 1st sg

ὄρομαι

keep watch: imperf ind mp 1st sg

ὄρνυμι

ṛṇóti: aor ind mid 1st sg

ὄρομαι

keep watch: imperf ind mp 1st sg

ὄρνῡμι or [suff] ὀρνῑθ-ύω, poet. Verb: from the former come imper. ὄρνῠθι, ὄρνῠτε, Il.6.363, Od.10.457, al. ; inf.

A

ὀρνύμεναι Il.17.546

,

ὀρνύμεν 9.353

, al.; and from the latter, [tense] pres.

ὀρνύει Pi.O.13.12

, cf. Orph.L. 222 : [ per.] 3sg. and pl. [tense] impf. ὤρνυε, -υον, Od.21.100, Il.12.142 : [tense] fut.

ὄρσω 21.335

, Pi.N.9.8, S.Ant. 1060 : [tense] aor.

ὦρσα Il.5.629

, al., Hes.Th. 523, A. Pers. 496; [dialect] Ion. [ per.] 3sg.

ὄρσασκε Il.17.423

: redupl. [tense] aor. 2

ὤρορε 2.146

, Od.4.712, etc. (but ὤρορε stands for ὄρωρε, Il.13.78, Od.8.539):— [voice] Med. ὄρνῠμαι, used by Hom. in [ per.] 3sg.

ὄρνυται Il.5.532

, al., imper. ὄρνυσθε ib. 102, al., part.

ὀρνύμενος 20.158

, al.: [tense] impf. ὠρνύμην, used by Hom. in [ per.] 3sg. and pl.,

ὤρνῠτο Il.3.267

, al.,

ὤρνυντο Od.2.397

, al.: [tense] fut. [ per.] 3sg.

ὀρεῖται Il.20.140

: [tense] aor. 2 ὠρόμην, [ per.] 3sg.

ὤρετο 12.279

,14.397, also very freq. ὦρτο, 5.590, al.; [ per.] 3pl. without augm.

ὄροντο Od.3.471

(but v. ὄρομαι),

ὀρέοντο Il.2.398

,23.212 (unless this is [tense] impf.); imper. ὄρσο or ὄρσεο, 5.109, al., 3.250, al.; [dialect] Ion. [var] contr.

ὄρσευ 4.264

, 19. 139; subj.

ὄρηται Od.16.98

,al. ; inf.

ὄρθαι Il.8.474

; part.

ὀρόμενος A. Th.87

, 115 (both lyr.),

ὄρμενος Il.11.326

, al., and in lyr. passages of Trag., A.Ag. 1408 (cf. 429), Supp. 422, S.OT 177: to the [voice] Med. also belongs the [tense] pf. ὄρωρα, used by Hom. only in [ per.] 3sg. ὄρωρε (v. supr.), subj.

ὀρώρῃ Il.9.610

, al.; and [tense] plpf.

ὀρώρει 2.810

, al. (cf. ὄρομαι), also

ὠρώρει 18.498

, A.Ag. 653, S.OC 1622:—[voice] Pass., [tense] perf. ὀρώρεται, = ὄρωρε, Od. 19.377 ; subj.

ὀρώρηται Il.13.271

: [ per.] 3pl. [tense] aor.

ὦρθεν Corinn.Supp.1.21

. (Cf. Skt. ṛṇóti 'rush', [tense] aor. [ per.] 3sg. ārta = ὦρτο, Lat. orior; cf. also ἔρσεο, ἔρσῃ, and ἔρετο in Hsch.):—stir, stir up; esp.

1 of bodily movement, urge on, incite,

τινὰ ἐπί τινι Il.5.629

, 12.293; οἱ ἐπ' αἰετὸν ὦρσε let loose his eagle upon him, Hes.Th. 523;

τινὰ ἀντία τινός Il.20.79

; rarely,

τινὰ εἰς ἀυάταν Pi.P.2.29

: c. inf., Ζεὺς ὦρσε μάχεσθαι urged them on to fight, Il.13.794, cf. 17.273;

τὴν.. ῥέξαι θεὸς ὤρορεν ἔργον Od.23.222

;

τόλμα μοι γλῶσσαν ὀρνύει λέγειν Pi.O.13.12

, cf. P.4.170, S.Ant. 1060:—[voice] Med., with [tense] pf. ὄρωρα, move, stir oneself, εἰς ὅ κε.. μοι φίλα γούνατ' ὀρώρῃ while my limbs have power to move, Il.9.610, cf. Od.18.133, etc.: used by Hom. in imper. ὄρσεο, up! arise! (like ἄγε and ἴθι) in exhorting, Il.3.250, al.;

ὄρσο 5.109

,24.88;

ἀλλ' ὄρσευ πόλεμόνδε 4.264

, 19.139: in hostile sense, rush on, rush furiously,

ὦρτο δ' ἐπ' αὐτοὺς [Ἕκτωρ] 5.590

, 11.343;

ὦρτο δ' ἐπ' αὐτῷ 21.248

;

ὤρνυτο χαλκῷ Τυδεΐδης 5.17

, etc.;

ὄρνυται λαός A.Th.89

(lyr.), cf. 419(lyr.), S.OC 1320.

2 make to arise, call forth,

ἀπ' Ὠκεανοῦ.. Ἠριγένειαν ὦρσεν Od.23.348

, cf. 7.169; awaken, arouse from sleep,

ὦρσεν.. Ἱπποκόωντα Il.10.518

; of animals, start, chase,

ὦρσαν δὲ Νύμφαι.. αἶγας ὀρεσκῴους Od.9.154

;

ὡς δ' ὅτε νεβρὸν ὄρεσφι κύων.. ὄρσας ἐξ εὐνῆς Il.22.190

:— [voice] Med., arise, start up, esp. from bed,

Ἠὼς ἐκ λεχέων.. ὤρνυθ' 11.2

;

ὤρνυτ' ἄρ' ἐξ εὐνῆφιν Od.2.2

, etc.;

ἀπὸ θρόνου ὦρτο φαεινοῦ Il.11.645

; ἀπὸ χθονὸς ὤρνυτο attacked from.., 5.13 : abs.,

ὀρνυμένοιο ἄνακτος Hes.Th. 843

: c. inf., rise to do a thing, set about it,

οἱ δ' εὕδειν ὤρνυντο Od.2.397

(so c. part., ὄρσο κέων get thee to bed, 7.342);

ὦρτο.. ἴμεν 7.14

, cf. Hes.Sc. 40;

ὦρτο πέτεσθαι Il.13.62

, etc.; ὤρετο.. Ζεὺς νειφέμεν started or began to.., 12.279 ; without inf.,

ὤρορε θεῖος ἀοιδός Od.8.539

.

3 freq. used of things as well as persons, call forth, excite, of storms and the like , which the gods call forth,

ὄρσας.. ἀνέμων.. ἀϋτμήν 11.407

, cf. Il.14.254, 21.335 ;

νοῦσον ἀνὰ στρατὸν ὦρσε 1.10

, etc.;

θεὸς χειμῶν' ἄωρον ὦρσε A.Pers. 496

:—and in [voice] Med., arise,

ὀρώρει δ' οὐρανόθεν νύξ Od.5.294

, al. ;

φλὸξ ὦρτο Il.8.135

;

ὅτε τις χειμὼν.. ὄροιτο Od.14.522

;

ὦρτο δὲ κῦμα πνοιῇ ὕπο λιγυρῇ Il.23.214

;

πῦρ ὄρμενον ἐξαίφνης 17.738

, cf. S.OT 177 (lyr.).

b of human actions, passions, and the like ,

ὄρσαι πόλεμον Il.4.16

;

ἔριν Od.3.161

;

ἐν δὲ κυδοιμὸν ὦρσε κακόν Il.11.53

;

ὑφ' ἵμερον ὦρσε γόοιο 23.108

, al. ;

μή μοι γόον ὄρνυθι Od.17.46

, cf. 10.457 ;

ἐν φόβον ὦρσε Il.13.362

;

ἐν μένος ὦρσεν 8.335

:—and in [voice] Med.,

φευγόντων δ' οὔτ' ἂρ κλέος ὄρνυται οὔτε τις ἀλκή 5.532

;

καί μοι μένος ὤρορε 13.78

;

ὅππῃ οἱ νόος ὄρνυται Od.1.347

;

ἔριδος μέγα νεῖκος ὀρώρει Il.17.384

;

τῶν δὲ στόνος ὤρνυτ' ἀεικής 10.483

, al.; δοῦρα ὄρμενα πρόσσω the darts flying on wards, 11.572 ;

ὀρνυμένων πολέμων Pi.O.8.34

; ἀφρὸς ἀπὸ χροὸς ὤρνυτο started from the skin, Hes.Th. 191 ;

ὠς λόγος ἐκ πατέρων ὄρωρεν Alc.71

.

4 A.R. uses ὄρωρε nearly as = ἐστί, 1.713, al. ; ὀρώρει = ἦν, 2.473, 3.457.—The Verb is mainly used in [dialect] Ep. and Lyr. poetry; seldom found in Trag. trim.,

ὄρσω S.Ant. 1060

;

ὦρσα A.Pers. 496

;

ὄρνυμαι S.OC 1320

; ὠρώρει ib. 1622, A.Ag. 653 ; prob. never in Com. (Ar.Ra. 1529 is mock-Epic) or correct Prose.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to stir, to rise, to run out, to hurry' esp. `to excite, to incite, to revive (Il.).

Other forms: Aor. ὠρόμην, - ετο, often and older athem. ὦρτο, ptc. ὄρμενος etc., fut. ὀροῦμαι, ὀρεῖται, perf. ὄρωρα; act. ὄρνυμι, also - ύω, aor. ὦρσα, redupl. 3. sg. ὤρορε, fut. ὄρσω, aor. pass. 3. pl. ὦρθεν (Corinn.). Besides ὀρούω, fut. ὀρούσω, in Hom. only aor. ὀροῦσαι, often w. prefix, e.g. ἐπ, ἀν-, ἐν-, ἐξ- `rise quickly, rush on' (Il.).

Compounds: Also w. prefix, e.g. ἐπ-, ὑπ-, ἀν-. -- As 1. member in governing compp. like ὀρσο-τρίαινα m. `wielder of the trident' (Pi.), ὀρσί-αλος `stirring the sea' (B.), PN as Όρσέ-λαος (Boeot.), Όρσί-λοχος (Il.) besides certainly nominal Όρτί-λοχος (Dor.); s. Schwyzer 442, Bechtel Hist.PN 353 f., Wackernagel Unt. 236 n. 1. As 2. member in the comp. κονι-ορ-τός (s. κόνις), in verbal adj. like θέ-ορ-τος `sprung from the gods' (Pi., A.), νέ-ορ-τος `newly arisen' (S.).

Derivatives: Only ὄρου-σις f. `rise, ὅρμησις, ὁρμή' (Stoic.), ὀρούματα ὁρμή- ματα, πηδήματα H.; remarkable ὀρσό-της, - ητος f. = ὁρμή (Critias), ὀρσί-της m. name of a Cret. dance (Ath.).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [326] * h₃reu- `rise, set in movement'

Etymology: Its general o-vowel reminds of ὄρνυμι and ὄλλυμι, στόρνυμι, κορέννυμι a.o. and points to * h₃-. Traces of an ε-grade have been supposed in ἔρετο ὡρμήθη H. a.o. (s. ἐρέθω) as well as in Λα-έρ-της (s. λαός; cf. below). The general structure of the IE nu-verbs as well as the comparison with Skt. r̥-nó-ti `rise, move (onself)' give an original *ὄ῎ρ-νυ-μι ( *h₃r̥-n-(e)u-; not *αρνυμι). An orig. *ἴρνυμι with ι as reduced vowel as in κίρνημι (s. on κεράννυμι) Fick BB 29, 197 finds support in the Zeusepithet Έπιρνύτιος Ζεὺς ἐν Κρήτῃ H., what in spite of widespread agreement (Bechtel Lex. 252, WP. 1, 137, Schwyzer 352 a. 695) is to be called quite arbitrary. -- An analysis ὄρ-ν-υ-μι gives the possibility, to connect the aorist ὀροῦ-σαι (to which the later and rare ὀρούω) as o-coloured full grade (* h₃rou-; Persson Beitr. 1, 285; 2, 738; s. also Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 374 w. n. 1 a. lit.); cf. further κρούω, κολούω a.o. (Schwyzer 683 w. lit.). -- Comparisons outside Greek do not help much: beyond the pair ὄρ-νυ-μι: r̥-ṇó-ti are to be mentioned from Skt.: ὦρτο: ā́rta, ὤρ-ε-το: ā́r-a-ta (certainly innovations), ὄρ-ωρα: ā́ra, ὦρσε: ārṣ-īt (gramm.). Heth. ar-nu-mi `move on, away or here' is phonetically uncertain and can also be connected with ἄρνυμαι (s. v.). For ὀρούω we compare Lat. ruō `fall down, hurry'. -- Further material (but not from a root "of moving" er-) in WP. 1, 136ff. (w. rich lit.), Pok. 326ff., W.-Hofmann s. orior and 1. ruō; older lit. in Bq. -- Cf. ὀρίνω and ὄρος, also 1. οὖρος.

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