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1 πτώσσω
A shrink from, shrink, of birds or other animals,π. ὥστε πέρδικα Archil.106
; [ἀκρίδες] πτώσσουσι καθ' ὕδωρ flee into.., Il.21.14; also of men, πτῶσσον ὑπὸ κρημνούς ib.26; τί πτώσσεις; 4.371; τίς τοι ἀνάγκη πτώσσειν.. ; 5.634;πτώσσοντας ὑφ' Ἕκτορι 7.129
; κατὰ λαύρας.. πτώσσοντι skulk, slink, Pi.P.8.87; εἰς ἐρημίαν π. flee cowering into.., E.Ba. 223; π. ὑπ' ἀσπίδος crouch beneath it, without any notion of fear, Tyrt.11.36:—poet. Verb, once in Hdt., πτώσσοντας [ὑμέας εὕρομεν] 9.48.2 cringe like a beggar, go begging (cf. πτωχός), κατὰ δῆμον Od.17.227
, 18.363: c. acc. loci,π. ἀλλοτρίους οἴκους Hes.Op. 395
.II c. acc. pers., οὐδ' ἂν (v.l. ἂρ) ἔτι δὴν ἀλλήλους πτώσσοιμεν we can no longer shirk one another, Il.20.427; ποῖ καί με φυγᾷ πτώσσουσι μυχῶν; to what corners have they fled to shun me? E.Hec. 1066 (lyr.): c. acc. rei, [ὄρνιθες] νέφεα πτώσσουσαι shrinking from the clouds, Od.22.304; π. δόρυ, βροντήν, Q.S. 5.300, 7.531. -
2 πτώσσω
πτώσσω (cf. πτήσσω, πτώξ), ipf. πτῶσσον: cower, hide; ὑπό τινι, ‘before’ one, Il. 7.129; of a beggar, ‘go cringing about,’ κατὰ δῆμον, ρ 22, Od. 18.363; trans., ὄρνῖθες νέφεα, ‘flee’ the clouds, Od. 22.304.A Homeric dictionary (Greek-English) (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ομηρικό λεξικό) > πτώσσω
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3 πτήσσω
Grammatical information: v.Meaning: `to duck (for fright)'; aor. 1. rarely trans. `to frighten, to drive away' ([Ξ 40], Thgn.), (ΙΑ.; Schwyzer 716).Other forms: also πτώσσω (ep. poet. Il.), Aeol. πτάζω (Alc.?), fut. πτήξω (Att.), aor. 1. πτῆξαι (Il.), Dor. πτᾶξαι (Pi. a.o.), aor. 2. ptc. κατα-πτᾰκών (A. Eu. 252), perf. ἔπτηχα (Att. etc.), ἔπτηκα (LXX [v. l. - χα], late); also ep. forms ptc. perf. πεπτηώς (Β 312, ξ 354 a.o.), aor. 3. du. κατα-πτήτην (Θ 136).Derivatives: πτῆξις f. `fright' (LXX) and the expressive enlargement πτωσκάζω `to duck, to have fear' (Δ 372) after the close ἀλυσκάζω (: ἀλύσκω, ἀλύσσω), ἠλασκάζω; perh. from *πτώσκω; the v. l. πτωκάζω after πτώξ. Cf. Schwyzer 708, Chantraine Rev. de phil. 57, 125, Gramm. hom. 1, 338.Etymology: The presents πτήσσω (with πτῆξαι etc.), πτώσσω go back on *πτᾱκ-ι̯ω, *πτωκ-ι̯ω (\< * ptoh₂k-; Aeol. πτάζω is an innovation; Schwyzer 715); to this the zero grade πτᾰκ-ών. In nominal function we find these stems in πτώξ and (acc.) πτάκ-α; s. vv., also πτωχός. The formantic character of the velar appears from ep. πε-πτη-ώς, κατα-πτή-την, which form at the same time a bridge to πέ-πτω-κα, πτῶ-σις (s. πίπτω) and to πτᾰ́-σθαι (s. πέτομαι). Semant. this combination ('fall, sink down' \> `squat') seems not to provide a serious difficulty (diff. Chantraine Gramm. hom. 1, 428). A further cognate is πτοέω, s. v. -- If the comparison with Arm. t`ak`-čim, t`ak`-eay `hide oneself' (Pedersen KZ 39, 342 f. w. n.) is correct, the velar enlargement is inherited. On Arm. s. Clackson 1994, 169f. -- WP. 2, 19f., Pok. 825; older lit. in Bq. -- So an IE * pteh₂-k-, with * ptoh₂-k-, is perhaps not impossible; but Hackstein ( Glotta 70, 1992) 136-165 rejects a root of this shape, and it is indeed remarkable. Note futher πτωχός and πτοέω, which are also rather strange. Photius gives πτεκάς πτάξ.Page in Frisk: 2,613-614Greek-English etymological dictionary (Ελληνικά-Αγγλικά ετυμολογική λεξικό) > πτήσσω
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