ὀσφρέσθαι

ὀσφραίνομαι

catch scent of: aor inf mid

ὀσφραίνομαι

catch scent of: aor inf mid

ὀσφρ-αίνομαι, [tense] fut.

A

ὀσφρήσομαι Ar. Pax 152

: [tense] aor. 2

ὠσφρόμην Hdt.

(v. infr.), Ar.Ach. 179; inf.

ὀσφρέσθαι Eup.10

; part.

ὀσφρόμενος Philonid.3

(the [tense] aor. 1 form ὤσφραντο in Hdt.1.80, Aristid.2.308 J. seems to be an error of the copyists for ὤσφροντο which is v.l. in Aristid.):—[voice] Pass., [tense] aor.

ὠσφράνθην Hp.Superf.25

, Arist.de An. 424b4, Pr. 887a10, LXX Ge.8.21: [tense] fut. ὀσφρανθήσομαι ib.To.6.18, Ps.134(135).17: the forms ὀσφρᾶται, -ῶνται, etc. only in late writers, as Ph. 1.617 (dub. l.), Paus.9.21.3, Luc.Pisc.48, Anon.Lond.33.30 (f.l. in Antiph.147.6, Philem.79.26): [tense] aor.

ὠσφρήσαντο Arist.

ap. Ael.NA9.54 (om. Rose), Arat.955, Ael.NA5.49, etc.,

ὀσφρηθῆναι Anon.Lond. 34.49

,

ὠσφρήθη Hsch.

:—catch scent of, smell, c. gen., Hdt.1.80, Ar.Ra. 654, X.Mem.2.1.24, etc.: abs., Pl.Phd. 96b, etc.;

ἡ αἴσθησις ἡ τοῦ ὀσφραίνεσθαι Arist.Sens. 445a5

: c. acc. only in late writers,

ὀ. θρυαλλίδα ἐσβεσμένην Arist.

ap. Ael.NA9.54; for in E.Cyc. 154 ([etym.] εἶδες γὰρ αὐτήν;—οὐ μὰ Δί', ἀλλ' ὀσφραίνομαι) , αὐτῆς must be supplied, cf. Ar.Ra. 489; and in Id.Pl. 896, ὀσφραίνει τι; τι is adverbial, at all.

2 metaph., get scent of,

τῆς Ἱππίου τυραννίδος Id.Lys. 619

;

τοῦ χρυσίου Luc.Tim.45

.

II causal in [voice] Act., ὀσφραίνειν τινά τινι make one smell at a thing, Gal.12.795; cf. ἀπ-, προσοσφραίνω.

Grammatical information: v.

Meaning: `to smell, to sniff'; rare a. late caus. ὀσφραίνω, also w. ἀπ-, συν-, παρ- a.o., `to give to smell, to make smell' (Gal., Gp.).

Other forms: Aor. ὀσφρ-έσθαι (Att.; ὤσφραντο Hdt. 1, 80), fut. ὀσφρ-ήσομαι (Att.), also ὀσφρανθῆναι (Hp., Arist.), - θήσομαι (LXX), younger pres. ὀσφρ-ᾶται (Paus., Luc.), aor. ὠσφρ-ήσαντο, - ήθη (Arat., Ael.).

Compounds: Rarely w. περι-, ὑπ-, κατ-. Comp. καπν-οσφράν-της m. "smoke smeller" (Com. Adesp., Alciphr.).

Derivatives: 1. ὄσφρ-ησις f. `olfactory sense, olf. organ' (Pl., Arist.), 2. - ασία f. `smell, the smelling' (LXX, Arr.), 3. - ανσις f. `olfactory sense' (Clearch.). 4. backformation ὄσφραι f. pl. `flavours, smell' (Ach. Tat.) with ὀσφράδιον n. `bunch of flowers' (Eust.). 5. ὀσφρ-αντήριος `smelling, sniffing' (Ar.), 6. - αντικός `smelling, able to smell (Arist.), - ητικός `id.' (Gal., D. L.); 7. - αντός (Arist.). - ητός (S. E., Gal.) `smellable'.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [772] * h₃ed- `smell' + ?

Etymology: The complex is clearly built after comparable fomations, but the attestations do not allow certains conclusions on their relative chronology. With ὀσφρέσθαι: ὀσφρήσομαι: ὀσφρητός agree the semantically related, much more frequent αἰσθέσθαι: αἰσθήσομαι: αἰσθητός. ὀσφραίνομαι may have followed it after formal examples like ἀλιτέσθαι: ἀλιταίνομαι, βήσομαι: βαίνω, πεφήσεται: φαίνω etc.; further ὀσφρανθῆναι after εὑφρανθῆναι; ὤσφραντο (Hdt.) prob. after ἠνείκαντο a.o. (cf. Wackernagel Verrn. Beitr. 48 = Kl. Schr. 1, 809). So there is no ground to consider the diff. forms as inherited (thus e.g. Fraenkel Nom. ag. 2, 82f.). -- That the initial syllable is connected with ὄζω, ὀδμή, ὀσμή, is since long accepted (s. Curtius 244 w. lit.); since Wackernagel KZ 33, 43 (Kl. Schr. 1, 722) one supposes in it a zero grade σ-stem *ὀδσ- (cf. - ώδης a.o. s. ὄζω). Against W.s further identification of ὀσ-φραίνομιαι with ἀ-, εὑ-φραίνω (to φρήν) speak esp. the non-present forms ὀσ-φρέσθαι, - φρήσασθαι, with which ἀ-, εὑ-φραίνω give nothing comparable. Instead Brugmann (e.g. IF 6, 100ff.) a.o. try to connect Skt. jí-ghr-ati, ghrā-ti `smell', ghrāṇa-m n. `scent, nose' ( = Toch. A krāṃ `id.'; cf. Duchesne-Guillemin BSL 41, 154). The details remain meanwhile unclear; Schwyzer 644 n. 5 is inclined, with Brugmann<sup>4</sup> 302 n. 1 a.o. to start from a noun *ὄσ-φρ-ος `detect a smell'; against this with good arguments Debrunner IF 21, 42. -- Older lit. in Bq.

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