ἔπταισα

πταίω

cause to stumble: aor ind act 1st sg

πταίω

cause to stumble: aor ind act 1st sg

πταίω, Th.1.122, etc.: [tense] fut.

A

πταίσω D.2.20

: [tense] aor.

ἔπταισα Hdt.9.101

, etc.: [tense] pf.

ἔπταικα Men.675

, Bato 1, Plb.3.48.4, ([etym.] προς-) Isoc.6.82:— [voice] Pass., v. infr.1:

I trans., cause to stumble or fall,

σύνθεσιν ποτὶ ψεύδει Pi.Fr. 205

, cf. LXX 1 Ki.4.3:—[voice] Pass., to be missed, of things, Ael. NA2.15; τὰ πταισθέντα failures, errors, Luc.Demon.7; ἃ ἐπταίσθη his failures, Plu.Comp.Dion.Brut.3.

II intr., stumble, trip, fall, π. πρός τινι stumble against, fall over,

π., ὥσπερ πρὸς ἕρματι, πρὸς τῇ πόλει Pl.R. 553b

, cf. A.Pr. 926, Theoc.7.26; πρὸς τὰς πέτρας cj. in X. An.4.2.3; prov.,

μὴ δὶς πρὸς τὸν αὐτὸν λίθον πταίειν Plb.31.11.5

; also π. περί τινι, μὴ περὶ Μαρδονίῳ πταίσῃ ἡ Ἑλλάς lest Hellas should get a fall over him, i.e. be defeated by him, Hdt.9.101.

2 metaph., make a false step or mistake, Th.2.43, D.2.20, Men.672, etc.; ἐὰν πταίωσί τι when they make a blunder, of medical men, Philem.75.5; οὐκ ἐλάττω, ἐλάχιστα, τὰ πλείω π., Th.1.122, 4.18, 6.33;

ἔν τισι D. 18.286

;

λογισμοῖς Men.380

; τῇ μάχῃ, τοῖς ὅλοις, τοῖς πράγμασι, etc., Plb.18.14.13, 3.48.4, 1.10.1, etc.;

ἀψευδὴς ὢν καὶ μὴ π. τῇ διανοίᾳ περὶ τὰ ὄντα Pl.Tht. 160d

; also

π. ὑπ' ἀνάγκας S.Ph. 215

(lyr.);

ὑπό τινος π. τῇ πατρίδι Plb.5.93.2

;

ἐκ τύχης Id.2.7.3

.

3 π. τῆς ἐλπίδος to be baulked of.., Hdn.8.5.1.

4 ἡ γλῶττα π. stutters, Arist.Pr. 875b19.

πταίω 1 aor. ἔπταισα; pf. ἔπταικα LXX; aor. pass. ptc. masc. acc. πταισθέντα (Papias v.l.) (Pind. et al.; ins, pap, LXX; TestJob 38:1; ApcSed 1:1; EpArist, Philo, Joseph.; trans. only the Catena on Mt 27:11 [JCramer I 231] in ref. to Papias [3:2] ὑπὸ τῆς ἁμάξης πταισθέντα struck by the cart) in our lit. only intr.

① to lose one’s footing, stumble, trip (X., An. 4, 2, 3 πρὸς τὰς πέτρας; Polyb. 31, 11, 5 πρὸς τὸν λίθον; Jos., Bell. 6, 64 πρὸς πέτρᾳ), in imagery (as Aeschyl., Hdt. et al.) in which the lit. sense is clearly discernible. Abs. (Maximus Tyr. 34, 2e) μὴ ἔπταισαν ἵνα πέσωσιν; they did not stumble so as to fall into ruin, did they? Ro 11:11. The ‘stumbling’ means to make a mistake, go astray, sin (Pla., Theaet. 160d al.; abs. Arrian, Anab. 4, 9, 6; M. Ant. 7, 22 ἴδιον ἀνθρώπου φιλεῖν καὶ τοὺς πταίοντας; POxy 1165, 11 εἴτε ἔπταισαν εἴτε οὐκ ἔπταισαν=‘whether they have committed an error or not’; Dt 7:25; TestJob 38:1; ApcSed 1:1; EpArist 239; Philo, Leg. All. 3, 66) πολλὰ πταίομεν we commit many sins Js 3:2a (ApcSed 1:1); πτ. ἐν ἑνί sin in one respect (only) 2:10. ἐν λόγῳ in what one says 3:2b.

② to experience disaster, be ruined, be lost (Hdt. 9, 101; Aristot., Rhet. 3 al.; Diod S 15, 33, 1 et al.; Philo, De Jos. 144; Jos., Ant. 7, 75; 14, 434) of the loss of salvation 2 Pt 1:10: the aor., as in reff. cited above, provides the semantic component of climactic disaster. But mng. 1 also has supporters.—DELG. M-M. TW.