ἑξα-κόσιοι

Grammatical information: num.

Meaning: `six'.

Dialectal forms: Myc. wepeza \/ hwekspeza\/, Viredaz, SMEA 23 (1982) 310-313. Dor. etc. Ϝέξ

Compounds: As 1. member beside ἑξ-, ἑκ- usually ἑξα- ( ἑξά-μετρος, ἑξα-κόσιοι etc.) after ἑπτα-, τετρα-; ἑξή-κοντα after πεντή-κοντα; on 2. members - κοντα and - κόσιοι s. Schwyzer 592 and on διακοσιοι.

Derivatives: ἑξίτης (sc. βόλος) `throw of six in dice-playing' (Epigr., Poll.; cf. Redard Les noms grecs en - της 48); ἑξᾶς, - ᾶντος m. (Sicil.) = Lat. sextans (and after it), with ἑξάντιον (Epich.). - Ordinal ἕκτος, Cret. Ϝέκτος and the adv. ἑξάκις (after πολλάκις etc.); collective ἑξάς f. `number of six' (Ph.) with ἑξαδικός.

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [1044] *sueḱs `six'

Etymology: The IE numeral `six' has two variants. Lat. sex, Germ., e. g. Goth. saíhs, Skt. ṣáṣ-, Lith. šeš-ì, OCS šes-tь, Alb. gjash-tē, Toch. A ṣäk go back on IE *seḱs. But Gr. Ϝέξ, Arm. vec̣, Celt., e. g. Welsh chwech, Av. xšvaš have u̯- in the anlaut; so *su̯eḱs; several details remain unclear. Gr. ἕξ like Ϝέξ will continue *su̯eḱs with loss of the digamma or the breath; on Boeot. ἕξ (beside Ϝικαστῆ) Schwyzer 226 w. n. 4. - The ordinal ἕκτος, Ϝέκτος can be both *su̯eḱs-to-s and *su̯eḱ-to-s. An IE sequence -ḱt- seems necessary for certain Germanic forms, OHG sehto (beside sehsto), OWNo. sétte. Other forms however show -s-: Lat. sextus, Goth. saíhsta, Toch. A ṣkäst; others again are uncertain: Skt. ṣaṣṭhá-, Lith. šẽštas, OCS šestъ; note Gaul. suexos. - S. Schwyzer 590f., 595f., W.-Hofmann s. sex etc. - On unclear ξέστριξ κριθή ἡ ἑξαστιχος. Κνίδιοι H. s. Schwyzer 269, 590.

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Grammatical information: numeral

Meaning: `eight' (Hom.).

Other forms: (Boeot. Lesb. ὀκτό as δύο, Herakl. hοκτώ after ἕξ, ἑπτά, El. ὀπτώ after ἑπτά).

Compounds: As 1. element beside ὀκτω- in ὀκτω-καίδεκα, ὀκτω-δάκτυλος `with a breadth of eight fingers' (Hp., Ar.) a.o. usu. ὀκτα- (after ἑπτα-, ἑξα- etc.) in ὀκτα-κόσιοι and in many bahuvrihi's, e.g. ὀκτά-μηνος `eight months old, eight monthly' (Hp., X., Arist.).

Derivatives: Besides ὀγδοή-κοντα, which like ἑβδομή-κοντα may have started from the basic word, s. v. and ὄγδοος w. lit. Through cross with ὀκτώ also ὀγδώ-κοντα (Β 568 = 652 a.o., s. Sommer Zum Zahlwort 25 n. 2). After ὀγδοήκοντα the late ὀγδοάς f. `a number of eight' (Plu.) for ὀκτάς f. (Arist.). -- Further derivv.: ὀκτά-κι(ς), - κιν `eight times' (Hdt.), ὀκτα-σσός `eightfold' (pap. III <sup>p</sup>; after δισσός etc.), - χῶς `in eight ways' (EM, Arist.-Comm.).

Origin: IE [Indo-European] [775] *h₃eḱtōu `eight'

Etymology: Gr. ὀκτώ, Lat. octō, Skt. aṣṭā́(u), Germ., e.g. Goth. ahtau, Lith. aštuo-nì and other cognate forms go back on IE *oḱtṓ(u) (*h₃eḱt-?). Arm. ut` is like El. ὀπτω, reshaped after the word for `seven'. -- The IE word for `eight' was clearly an old dual, but further analysis is quite uncertain. Hypotheses e.g. by W.-Hofmann s. octō, with further lit.; see also Meisinger Gymnasium 57, 74 f. By Ebbinghaus PBBeitr. 72, 319 connected with the word for `four' (to be rejected).

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