ἀποκρ

ἐπίκρημνος, ον,

A precipitous, steep, Pherecyd.82 (b) J., Dicaearch.2.6 (v.l. ἀπόκρ-).

ἔγ-κρῐσις, εως, ἡ, ([etym.] ἐγκρίνω)

A approval, judgement, IG9(2).338.17 (Epist. Flaminini).

2 examination of athletes before admitting them to a contest, Luc.Pr.Im.11, Artem.1.59, Aristid.Or.29(40).18 (pl.).

II junction, meeting,

ἡ ἐπὶ τοὺς μηροὺς ἔ. Alciphr.1

.

39 [suff] ἐγ-κρῐτέον, one must admit, εἰς ἀριθμὀν τινα, opp. ἀποκρ-, Pl. R. 537a, cf. 413d;

διορισμὸν ἐ. ὡς πιθανώτατον Dam.Pr. 436

, cf. Jul. Or.7.219a; one must approve, recommend,

αἰώρας Herod.Med.

in Rh.Mus.58.86: also pl. ἐγκριτέα ib.112.

ὑποκρίνω [ῑ],

A separate gradually, Suid., Eust.687.20.

II subject to inquiry, interrogate,

τοὺς ἀντιδίκους AB449

, Suid. s.v. ἄρχων.

B [voice] Med. [full] ὑποκρίνομαι, [tense] fut. -κρινοῦμαι, [dialect] Ion.

- έομαι Hdt.1.164

: [tense] aor.

ὑπεκρινάμην Od.15.170

, Hdt.3.119 (v.l. -ετο): later also [tense] aor. and [tense] pf. [voice] Pass. in med. sense, ὑπεκρίθην [ῐ] Ctes.Fr.29.41, Plb.5.25.7, App.BC4.46;

ὑποκέκρῐμαι D.19.246

:—reply, make answer, Il.12.228; τινι 7.407, Od.2.111, 15.170, cf. Hdt.1.2, 164, Hp.Fract.16, etc.; of an oracle, Hdt.1.78,91:—the [dialect] Att. word was ἀποκρίνομαι ( ὑποκρ- is given by all codd. of Th.7.44, as, vice versa, ἀποκρ- appears in all codd. of Hdt.5.49, 8.101; cf.

ὑπόκρισις 1

).

2 expound, interpret, explain,

ὄνειρον Od.19.535

, 555;

ὀνείρατα Ar.V.53

, cf. Philostr.VA2.37, Hp.Ep.15; ὑ. ὅπως .. Theoc.24.67.

II [dialect] Att., speak in dialogue, hence play a part on the stage, the part played being put in acc.,

τὴν Ἀντιγόνην Σοφοκλέους ὑποκέκριται D.

l. c.; [ ἥρωα] Luc.Nigr.11: abs., play a part, be an actor,

οἱ ὑποκρινόμενοι Arist.EN 1147a23

; ὑ. τραγῳδίας, κωμῳδίαν, play tragedies, comedy, Id.Rh. 1403b23, Luc.Merc.Cond.30, cf. Nigr.24, etc.; ὑπεκρίθησαν τραγῳδοί tragedians acted, Chares Fr.4 J.; μισθῶν ἐλασσόνων συνεχώρησεν ὑποκρινεῖσθαι

τῷ δήμῳ Supp.Epigr.1.362.10

(Samos, iv B. C.): also ὑ. τὰ πάντα [προσωπεῖα] play all the characters, Luc.Salt.66; ὑ. μανίαν ib. 83.

2 deliver a speech, declaim, of orators and rhetoricians, Arist. Rh. 1413b23, Phld.Rh.1.195 S., al.: c. acc.,

τὰ Ὁμήρου Ath.14.620d

;

ἀλλοτρίους λόγους Luc.Pseudol.25

; represent dramatically, ἐρωτικῶν δραμάτων ὑποθέσεις, of Hld., Ach. Tat., and Iamb., Phot.Bibl.p.73 B.; ape, mimic,

τὸ τῶν Ἰνδῶν ἔργον Philostr.VA3.4

; represent in art, Philostr Jun.Im.Prooem., cf. Callistr.Stat.7.

3 of an orator, use histrionic arts, exaggerate, D.18.15.

4 metaph., play a part, feign, pretend, ib.287, LXX Si.1.29, al.; ὑ. τὸν βασιλικόν take the king's part, play the king, Arist.Pol. 1314a40; ὑπολαμβάνειν καὶ ὑποκρίνεσθαι ib. 1310a10;

μεγαλοψυχίαν Phld.Vit.p.24

J.: c. inf., D.31.8, Plb.2.49.7, LXX 4 Ma.6.15; ὑ. ὡς ἐσθίοντα ib.2 Ma.6.21;

ὑποκριθεὶς νεκρὸς διέφυγε Vett.Val.275.19

.

5 c. acc., deceive, App.Pun.13 (s. v. l.).

εἶπον (Hom.+) used as 2 aor. of λέγω ‘say’ (B-D-F §101, p. 46); subj. εἴπω, impv. εἶπον; inf. εἰπεῖν, ptc. εἰπών. Somet. takes 1 aor. endings (Meisterhans³-Schw. 184, 6; Schweizer 182; Mayser 331; EpArist index) εἶπα, εἶπας, εἶπαν; impv. εἰπόν Mk 13:4; Lk 22:67; Ac 28:26 (on the accent s. W-S. §6, 7d; Mlt-H. 58. On the other hand, εἶπον acc. to PKatz, TLZ 61, ’36, 284 and B-D-F §81, 1), εἰπάτω, εἴπατε (GrBar 13:2), εἰπάτωσαν; ptc. εἴπας Ac 7:37, fem. εἴπασα J 11:28 v.l.; Hv 3, 2, 3; 4, 3, 7. Fut. ἐρῶ; pf. εἴρηκα, 3 pl. εἰρήκασιν and εἴρηκαν (Rv 19:3), inf. εἰρηκέναι; plpf. εἰρήκειν. Pass. 1 aor. ἐρρέθην (ἐρρήθην v.l. Ro 9:12, 26; Gal 3:16), ptc. ῥηθείς; pf. εἴρηται, ptc. εἰρημένος (B-D-F §70, 1; 81, 1; 101 p. 46; W-S. §13, 13; Rob. index) ‘say, speak’

① to express a thought, opinion, or idea, say, tell

ⓐ w. direct or indirect obj. or equivalent τὸν λόγον Mt 26:44. ὅσα Lk 12:3. τί vs. 11; a parable tell (Artem. 4, 80 Μενεκράτης εἶπεν ὄνειρον) 19:11; the truth 2 Cor 12:6 and oft. τοῦτο ἀληθές this as someth. true= this truly J 4:18. τί εἴπω; what shall I say? J 12:27. As a rhetor. transition formula (s. also 3 below) τί ἐροῦμεν; what shall we say or conclude? what then? Ro 3:5; 6:1; 7:7; 9:14, 30. λόγον εἴς τινα say someth. against someone Lk 12:10; also κατά τινος Mt 5:11; 12:32. τί τινι say someth. to someone Gal 3:16. ἔχω σοί τι εἰπεῖν I have someth. to say to you (cp. Lucian, Tim. 20) Lk 7:40. τί εἴπω ὑμῖν; what shall I say to you? 1 Cor 11:22. τὶ πρός τινα say someth. to someone (Pla., Prot. 345c; Herodas 2, 84; Philostrat., Vi. Apoll. 6, 20, 6; Ex 23:13; Jos., Vi. 205) a parable Lk 12:16; speak w. reference to someone Mk 12:12; Lk 20:19. Also πρὸς ταῦτα to this Ro 8:31. τὶ περί τινος say someth. about someone or someth. (X., Vect. 4, 13) J 7:39; 10:41. εἰρήκει περὶ τοῦ θανάτου he had referred to death 11:13. ὑπὲρ (περὶ v.l.) οὗ ἐγὼ εἶπον of whom I spoke J 1:30 (introducing dir. speech). W. acc. of pers. ὸ̔ν εἶπον of whom I said vs. 15; cp. ὁ ῥηθείς the one who was mentioned Mt 3:3. εἰπεῖν τινα καλῶς speak well of someone Lk 6:26. κακῶς speak ill of someone Ac 23:5 (Ex 22:27). W. omission of the nearer obj., which is supplied fr. the context Lk 22:67; J 9:27 al. As an answer σὺ εἶπας sc. αὐτό you have said it is evasive or even a denial (as schol. on Pla. 112e Socrates says: σὺ ταῦτα εἶπες, οὐκ ἐγώ. S. also the refusal to give a clearly affirmative answer in Const. Apost. 15, 14, 4 οὐκ εἶπεν ὁ κύριος ‘ναί’, ἀλλʼ ὅτι ‘σὺ εἶπας’.—λέγω 2e end) Mt 26:25, 64.—W. indication of the pers., to whom someth. is said: in the dat. Mt 5:22; 8:10, 13, 19, 21 and oft. τινὶ περί τινος tell someone about someth. 17:13; J 18:34. Also πρός τινα for the dat. (Lucian, Dial. Mort. 1; Jos., Ant. 11, 210) Mk 12:7; Lk 1:13, 34, 61 and very oft. (w. acc. εἶπον τὸν ἄγγελον GrBar 6:3; 10:7).

ⓑ w. direct discourse foll.: Mt 2:8; 9:22; 12:24, 49; 14:29; 15:16, 32; 17:17 and very oft. οὐδὲ ἐροῦσιν= nor will they be able to say Lk 17:21 (cp. Herodas 4, 73 οὐδʼ ἐρεῖς, with direct discourse foll. as in Lk); of someth. said in the past J 14:28.—As a formula introducing an objection (Diod S 13, 21, 5 ἐροῦσί τινες ἴσως; Dio Chrys. 14 [31], 47 ἴσως οὖν ἐρεῖ τις) ἀλλὰ ἐρεῖ τις (X., Cyr. 4, 3, 10; Appian, Bell. Civ. 3, 16 §59 ἀλλὰ … ἐρεῖ τις; Ps.-Clem., Hom. 9, 16 p. 98, 1; 5 Lag.) 1 Cor 15:35; Js 2:18 (on various views, DVerseput, NTS 43, ’97, 108 n. 22). ἐρεῖς οὖν Ro 11:19; w. μοι added 9:19. πρὸς ἡμᾶς Ac 21:13 D. Inserted τίς οὖν αὐτῶν, εἰπέ, πλεῖον ἀγαπήσει αὐτόν; which one, tell me, will love him more? Lk 7:42 v.l.

ⓒ w. ὅτι foll. (Diod S 12, 16, 5; 12, 74, 3; Jos., Vi. 205) Mt 28:7, 13; J 7:42; 8:55; 16:15; 1J 1:6, 8, 10; 1 Cor 1:15; 14:23 al.

ⓓ w. acc. and inf. foll. Ro 4:1 (text uncertain).

ⓔ regularly used w. quotations: Tit 1:12; usually fr. the OT ἐρρέθη Ro 9:12; καθὼς εἴρηκεν Hb 4:3. τὸ ῥηθὲν ὑπὸ κυρίου διὰ τοῦ προφήτου Mt 1:22. ὑπὸ τ. θεοῦ 22:31. διὰ τοῦ προφήτου Ac 2:16; cp. Mt 2:17, 23; 4:14; 8:17; 12:17; 13:35; 24:15 (Just., D. 27, 1 διὰ … Ἠσαίου οὕτως εἴρηται) al. τὸ εἰρημένον what is written Lk 2:24; Ac 13:40; Ro 4:18.—EHowind, De ratione citandi in Ciceronis Plutarchi Senecae Novi Testamenti scriptis obvia, diss. Marburg 1921.

ⓕ with questions w. direct discourse foll. (Epict. 3, 23, 18a=ask; Zech 1:9a) Mt 9:4; 17:19, 24; 18:21; 20:32; 26:15 al. W. dat. of pers. Mt 13:10, 27.

ⓖ w. adv. modifier ὁμοίως Mt 26:35. ὡσαύτως 21:30; or an adv. expr. ἐν παραβολαῖς in parables= parabolically 22:1. διὰ παραβολῆς using a parable Lk 8:4. W. καθὼς of someth. said in the past (Jos., Ant. 8, 273 καθὼς εἶπεν ὁ προφήτης; cp. Dt 1:21; 19:8; Is 41:22 τὰ ἐπερχόμενα εἴπατε ἡμῖν) Mt 28:6; Mk 14:16; Lk 22:13; cp. J 16:4. εἰπὲ λόγῳ say the word Lk 7:7; Mt 8:8. διὰ φωνῆς πνεύματος ἁγίου through the voice of the Holy Spirit AcPl Ha 11, 5.

② to answer a question, answer, reply (Ps.-Pla., De Virt. 2, 376d οὐκ ἔχω εἰπεῖν=I cannot answer that; Ps.-Pla., Eryx. 21 p. 401D ἔχειν εἰπεῖν=be able to answer) Mt 15:34; 16:14; 26:18 al. On its use w. ἀποκρίνεσθαι, freq. in narrative to denote transition, s. ἀποκρ. 2. Also without a preceding question in conversation Mt 14:18; 15:27; Mk 9:39; Lk 1:38 and oft.

③ to reach a conclusion by reasoning, conclude, as in the transitional formula τί ἐροῦμεν; what conclusion are we to draw? Ro 3:5; 6:1; 9:14, 30; on Ro 4:1 s. FDanker, in Gingrich Festschr. ’72, 103f. S. also 1a.

④ to apply a name or term to someone, call w. double acc. (Maximus Tyr. 14, 5c κόλακα τὸν Ὀδυσσέα; Diog. L. 6, 40 Diogenes the Cynic is called a ‘dog’; SibOr 4, 140) ἐκείνους εἶπεν θεούς J 10:35. ὑμᾶς εἴρηκα φίλους 15:15 (cp. Od. 19, 334; X., Apol. 15; Lucian, Tim. 20).

⑤ to give instructions or orders, tell, order (Ex 19:8b; 2 Ch 24:8; w. inf. foll.: Ex 35:1b; Wsd 9:8; Epict. 1, 14, 3 ὅταν [ὁ θεὸς] εἴπῃ τοῖς φυτοῖς ἀνθεῖν, ἀνθεῖ; Aberciusins. 17) εἶπεν δοθῆναι αὐτῇ φαγεῖν he ordered that she be given someth. to eat Mk 5:43. εἶπεν καὶ ταῦτα παρατιθέναι he told them to place this also before (the people) 8:7. W. ἵνα foll. Mt 4:3; Mk 9:18; Lk 4:3.

⑥ to tell oneself someth., think. Corresp. to אָמַר בְּלִבּוֹ the expr. εἰπεῖν ἐν ἑαυτῷ (Esth 6:6; Tob 4:2 BA; S has ἐν τῇ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ) means say to oneself or quietly, think (to oneself) Mt 9:3; Lk 7:39; 16:3; 18:4; also ἐν τῃ καρδίᾳ αὐτοῦ (Dt 8:17; 9:4; Ps 9:27; 13:1; s. above) Lk 12:45; Ro 10:6.—In mss. and edd. εἶπον freq. interchanges w. λαλέω, λέγω, φημί, and is v.l. in Mt 19:18; Mk 6:16; Lk 19:30; J 7:45, 50; 9:10; 13:24; Ac 23:7.—B. 1253f. DELG s.v. ἔπος 2. Frisk s.v. εἶπον and ἔπος. M-M. TW. Also s. λέγω.

ὑποκρίνομαι 1 aor. mid. inf. ὑποκρίνασθαι 4 Macc 6:17; aor. mid.-pass. ὑπεκρίθην, B-D-F §78 (Hom. et al. mng. ‘answer’=Attic ἀποκρ.; then in Attic ‘play a part on the stage’; EpArist 219; Philo, Conf. Lingu. 48; Joseph.) pretend, make believe, dissemble (since Demosth.; Polyb.; LXX) foll. by the acc. and inf. (w. inf. foll.: Demosth. 31, 8; Polyb. 2, 49, 7; Appian, Hann. 16 §71; 4 Macc 6:15; Jos., Bell. 1, 520, Ant. 12, 216, Vi.36) Lk 20:20 (B-D-F §157, 2; 397, 2; 406, 1; Rob. 481; 1036; 1038–40). Abs. of behavior, to pretend to be someth. that one is not play a role, act a part, dissemble (Epict. 2, 9, 20; Appian, Bell. Civ. 2, 10, §34; Polyaenus 8, 29; LXX) Hs 9, 19, 3.—DELG s.v. κρίνω. TW. Spicq.