ἀλοσύνα

ἠλεός, ή, όν,

A distraught, crazed,

φρένας ἠλεέ Od.2.243

; in shorter form φρένας ἠλέ (perh. replacing [dialect] Aeol. ἆλλε, written αλε), Il.15.128;

ἠλεὰ ῥέξας Call.Fr. 174

, cf. 173: neut. pl., as Adv., foolishly, AP7.639 (Antip.), Call.Aet.3.1.66: [dialect] Aeol. [full] ἆλλος prob. in Sapph.35, 110, dub. in ἀλλοφρονέω, ἀλλοφάσσω; cf. ἀλοσύνα (s.v. ἠλοσύνη).

2 [voice] Act., distracting, crazing,

οἶνος Od.14.464

.

II [full] ἀλεός [pron. full] [ᾰ], is cited from A. (Fr. 410 ) by Hsch. ( ἀλαιός cod.), cf. Hdn.Gr.2.909, EM59.45; cf. [full] ἀλεόφρων· ὁ παράφρων ibid.: [full] ἀλ<ε>ώσσειν· μωραίνειν, Hsch.

ἠλοσύνη, ἡ,

A = ἠλιθιότης, Nic.Al. 420: [dialect] Aeol. [full] ἀλοσύνα Theoc.30.12; cf. ἆλλος (s.v. ἠλεός).

Grammatical information: adj.

Meaning: `distraught, crazed'

Other forms: Voc. also ἠλέ (Il.); ἀλεός (- αι- cod.) ὁ μάταιος, ἄφρων. Αἰσχύλος H., ἀλεόφρων παράφρων H. Denomin. verb ἀλεώσσειν μωραίνειν H. Adj.-abstract ἠλοσύνη (Nic., late. Epic.; s. Pfeiffer Philol. 92, 1ff., 8, A. 14), Aeol. ἀλοσύνα (Theoc. 30, 12), prob. metric. for ἠλεο-, ἀλεο-.

Derivatives: Beside it ἤλιθα adv. 1. `very much, exceedingly' (Hom., always ἤλιθα πολλή(ν); A. R.; on the development of the meaning Bq 320 n. 2), 2. `in vain, to no purpose' (Call., A. R.); the formation has in the local and temporal adv. in - θα ( ἔνθα, δηθά, μίνυνθα) and in the numer. adv. διχθά a. o. an incomplete parallel. From here ἠλίθιος (Dor. ἀλ-) `idle, vain, foolish' (Pi., IA; hελιθιον adv. IG 1<sup>2</sup>, 975 [VI<sup>a</sup>]) with ἠλιθι-ώδης (Philostr.), - ότης (Att.), - όω (A.), - άζω (Ar.). - Here prob. also ἠλέματος (Aeol. Dor. ἀλ-) `idle, foolish' (Sapph., Alk., Theoc.)?

Origin: PG [a word of Pre-Greek origin]

Etymology: Formation unclear, improbable Bechtel Dial. 1, 44 (haplological for *ἠλεμόματος). - Difficult is the analysis of the verbs ἀλλο-φρονέω `be senseless' (Hom., Hdt.) and ἀλλο-φάσσω `to be delirious' (Hp.). Acc. to Fick, followed by Bechtel Lex. s. ἀλλοφρονέω, ἠλεός and Leumann Hom. Wörter 116 n. 82, the 1. member has an Aeolic variant of ἠλεός, i. e. *ἆλλος \< *ἀ̄λι̯ος (from where the vok. *ἆλλε = ἠλέ Ο 128); cf. ἀλεό-φρων above. Later it was derived from ἄλλος (thus Hdt. 7, 205). As the medical expression ἀλλοφάσσω cannot be Aeolic, it must have been formed after ἀλλοφρονέω or contain the pronom. ἄλλος; s. Leumann Hom. Wörter 309 n. 82. Formed like ἐνεός, κενεός, ἐτεός a. o., ἠλεός recalls ἠλάσκω, ἀλάομαι, but further has no cognate. Not to Dor. *ἀ̄λεά (WP. 1, 88, after Prellwitz BB 20, 303) in Lat. ālea `game with dices'. - The variants ἠλεός, ἀλαιός (H.) point to a noun in - ay-(os), with ay \> ey \> e; Beekes, Pre-Greek, suffixes s.v. 6. αι\/ει. Also the suffix - ιθ- is Pre-Greek (Beekes, Pre-Greek suff.) The form αλλ(ο)- seems derived from *al^y(o)- with palatal. -l- which gave λλ; but I do not know what the relation was between ālay- and āl^y-. Or does it derive from * alyo-, a reduced form of *ālayo-? I have no opinion on ἠλεματος.

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